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• What do you call "X <= $foo <= Y" comparison?

  - by Jakob

  While writing a Perl statement like if ( $foo >= X && $foo <= Y ) yet again, I wondered why many programming languages do not support the more comfortable form if ( X <= $foo <= Y ) and what this is called. I came up with "3-legged comparison" but no results when searching for it. By the way there is also the "element-of-set" form if ( $foo in X..Y ) which I only consider more readable when provided via a short keyword. Is there a term for X <= $foo <= Y comparison? Which languages support it?

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• How to shorten brain context switch delay when need to use new technology\framework?

  - by gasan

  The problem is when I have to deal with a new framework\library\language it completely slows my work process, at first it's kind of shock, you're sitting on your place about a day doing nothing surfing the net, because you simply can't do anything even read docs, then, on the second day I realize that I definitely should do something and starting read about it, then I realize that I don't understand it, then I'm reading until I got feeling that I should show some results immediately and then I'm writing the code quite fast and the job doesn't seem to be difficult. Then job is done and I won't probably return to that technology\framework for a month or a year or never at all. And I will almost certainly forget almost everything about it after a month. To illustrate by checkpoints I experience: shock, long studying times, work with the new tech briefly, never use it afterwards, then I completely forget it. So what would be the solution here?

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• How to deal with cargo-cult programming attitude?

  - by Aivar

  I have some students (in introductory programming course) who see programming language as a set of magic spells, which must be cast in order to achieve some effect (instead of seeing it as a flexible medium for expressing his idea of solution). They tend to copy-paste code from previous similarly sounding assignments without considering the essence of the problem. Can anyone recommend some exercises or analogies to make those students more confident that they can and should understand the structure and meaning of each piece of code they write?

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• User Acceptance Testing Defect Classification when developing for an outside client

  - by DannyC

  I am involved in a large development project in which we (a very small start up) are developing for an outside client (a very large company). We recently received their first output from UAT testing of a fairly small iteration, which listed 12 'defects', triaged into three categories : Low, Medium and High. The issue we have is around whether everything in this list should be recorded as a 'defect' - some of the issues they found would be better described as refinements, or even 'nice-to-haves', and some we think are not defects at all. They client's QA lead says that it is standard for them to label every issues they identify as a defect, however, we are a bit uncomfortable about this. Whilst the relationship is good, we don't see a huge problem with this, but we are concerned that, if the relationship suffers in the future, these lists of 'defects' could prove costly for us. We don't want to come across as being difficult, or taking things too personally here, and we are happy to make all of the changes identified, however we are a bit concerned especially as there is a uneven power balance at play in our relationship. Are we being paranoid here? Or could we be setting ourselves up for problems down the line by agreeing to this classification?

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• Syntax logic suggestions

  - by Anna

  This syntax will be used inside HTML attributes. Here are a few examples of what I have so far: <input name="a" conditions="!b, c" /> <input name="b" /> <input name="c" /> This will make input "a" do something if b is not checked and c is checked (b and c are assumed to be checkboxes if they don't have a :value defined) <input name="a" conditions="!b:foo|bar, c:foo" /> <input name="b" /> <input name="c" /> This will make input "a" do something if bdoesn't have foo or bar values, and if c has the foo value. <input name="a" conditions="!b:EMPTY" /> <input name="b" /> Makes input "a" do something if b has a value assigned. So, essentially , acts as logical AND, : as equals (=), ! as NOT, and | as OR. The | (OR) is only needed between values (at least I think so), and AND is not needed between values for obvious reasons :) EMPTY means empty value, like <input value="" /> Do you have any suggestions on improving this syntax, like making it more human friendly? For example I think the "EMPTY" keyword is not really appropriate and should be replaced with a character, but I don't know which one to choose.

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• Does command/query separation apply to a method that creates an object and returns its ID?

  - by Gilles

  Let's pretend we have a service that calls a business process. This process will call on the data layer to create an object of type A in the database. Afterwards we need to call again on another class of the data layer to create an instance of type B in the database. We need to pass some information about A for a foreign key. In the first method we create an object (modify state) and return it's ID (query) in a single method. In the second method we have two methods, one (createA) for the save and the other (getId) for the query. public void FirstMethod(Info info) { var id = firstRepository.createA(info); secondRepository.createB(id); } public void SecondMethod(Info info) { firstRepository.createA(info); var key = firstRepository.getID(info); secondRepository.createB(key); } From my understanding the second method follows command query separation more fully. But I find it wasteful and counter-intuitive to query the database to get the object we have just created. How do you reconcile CQS with such a scenario? Does only the second method follow CQS and if so is it preferable to use it in this case?

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• Grid framework for CSS

  - by akp

  I see there are large number of grid frameworks in CSS like 960, heroku grid, etc being used by huge websites. I want to know whether using grid structure is really useful? If yes, then how? One of the biggest problem I saw with grid is having equal heights for elements. If we are using three grids like grid_2, grid_7, grid_3 for 3 vertical panels then it becomes very difficult to have these three panels positioned in a way such that they have equal heights and all of them change height when any of the content exapnds or collapse. This is because elements are floated in grid system and they don't change height along with neighbouring element.

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• Pythonic use of the isinstance function?

  - by Pace

  Whenever I find myself wanting to use the isinstance() function I usually know that I'm doing something wrong and end up changing my ways. However, in this case I think I have a valid use for it. I will use shapes to illustrate my point although I am not actually working with shapes. I am parsing XML configuration files that look like the following: <square> <width>7</width> </square> <rectangle> <width>5</width> <height>7</height> </rectangle> <circle> <radius>4</radius> </circle> For each element I create an instance of the Shape class and build up a list of Shape objects in a class called the ShapeContainer. Different parts of the rest of my application need to refer to the ShapeContainer to get certain shapes. Depending on what the code is doing it might need just rectangles, or it might operate on all quadrangles, or it might operate on all shapes. I have created the following function in the ShapeContainer class (the actual function uses a list comprehension but I have expanded it here for readability): def locate(self, shapeClass): result = [] for shape in self.__shapes: if isinstance(shape,shapeClass): result.append(shape) return result Is this a valid use of the isinstance function? Is there another way I can do this which might be more pythonic?

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• Something confusing about Single Responsibility Principle

  - by user1483278

  1) In fact if two responsibilities are always expected to change at the same time you arguably should not separate them into different classes as this would lead, to quote Martin, to a "smell of Needless Complexity". The same is the case for responsibilities that never change - the behavior is invariant, and there is no need to split it. I assume even if non-related responsibilities are always expected to change for the same reason ( or if they never change ), we still shouldn't put them in the same class, since this would still violate high cohesion principle? 2) I've found two quite different definitions for SRP: Single Responsibility Principle says that a subsystem, module, class, or even a function, should not have more than one reason to change. and There should never be more than one reason for a class to change Doesn't the latter definition narrow SRP to a class level? If so, isn't first quote wrong by claiming that SRP can also be applied at subsystem, module and function levels? thank you

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• software architecture (OO design) refresher course

  - by PeterT

  I am lead developer and team lead in a small RAD team. Deadlines are tight and we have to release often, which we do, and this is what keep the business happy. While we (the development team) are trying to maintain the quality of the code (clean and short methods), I can't help but notice that the overall quality of the OO design&architecture is getting worse over the time - the library we are working on is gradually reducing itself to a "bag of functions". Well, we try to use the design patterns, but since we don't really have much time for a design as such we are mostly using the creational ones. I have read Code Complete / Design Patterns (GOF & enterprise) / Progmatic Programmer / and many books from Effective XXX series. Should I re-read them again as I have read them a long time ago and forgotten quite a lot, or there are other / better OO design / software architeture books been published since then which I should definitely read? Any ideas, recommendations on how can I get the situation under control and start improving the architecture. The way I see it - I will start improving the architectural / design quality of software components I am working on and then will start helping other team members once I find what is working for me.

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• I'm a student learning C++ and I've recently found out about Ruby. Would learning (some of) Ruby help me with C++ or would it just confuse me?

  - by Von32

  As the title says, I'm a student that will be starting my second year of C++ very soon. I've discovered Ruby, however. While I've heard much buzz about the language before, I've disregarded it because I always thought it wasn't something that would be useful. However, I've found a number of FANTASTIC tutorials on ruby and am interested in learning it (probably because it seems so straightforward). Would playing around with ruby be a good or bad idea? I understand that there's not such thing as bad knowledge, but I'm afraid that Ruby will only confuse me when dealing with C++. How different from C++ is it? I've read it's based on C in some way. I've read some posts on here that Ruby and C++ can hold hands once in a while. How flexible is this relationship? Is it rarely that this would work? How useful is Ruby in the real world? I'm not specifically asking about jobs- I'm more interested in what sort of applications may come from this language. Any specific examples worth looking at?

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• Formal definition for term "pure OO language"?

  - by Yauhen Yakimovich

  I can't think of a better place among SO siblings to pose such a question. Originally I wanted to ask "Is python a pure OO language?" but considering troubles and some sort of discomfort people experience while trying to define the term I decided to start with obtaining a clear definition for the term itself. It would be rather fair to start with correspondence by Dr. Alan Kay, who has coined the term (note the inspiration in biological analogy to cells or other living objects). There are following ways to approach the task: Give a comparative analysis by listing programming languages that exhibits certain properties unique and sufficient to define the term (although Smalltalk and Java are passing examples but IMO this way seems neither really complete or nor fruitful) Give a formal definition (or close to it, e.g. in more academic or mathematical style). Give a philosophical definition that would totally rely on semantical context of concrete language or a priori programming experience (there must be some chance of successful explanation by the community). My current version: "If a certain programing (formal) language that can (grammatically) differentiate between operations and operands as well as infer about the type of each operand whether this type is an object (in sense of OOP) or not then we call such a language an OO-language as long as there is at least one type in this language which is an object. Finally, if all types of the language are also objects we define such language to be pure OO-language." Would appreciate any possible improvement of it. As you can see I just made the definition dependent on the term "object" (often fully referenced as class of objects).

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• Distributed transactions and queues, ruby, erlang

  - by chrispanda

  I have a problem that involves several machines, message queues, and transactions. So for example a user clicks on a web page, the click sends a message to another machine which adds a payment to the user's account. There may be many thousands of clicks per second. All aspects of the transaction should be fault tolerant. I've never had to deal with anything like this before, but a bit of reading suggests this is a well known problem. So to my questions. Am I correct in assuming that secure way of doing this is with a two phase commit, but the protocol is blocking and so I won't get the required performance? It appears that DBs like redis and message queuing system like Rescue, RabbitMQ etc don't really help me a lot - even if I implement some sort of two phase commit, the data will be lost if redis crashes because it is essentially memory-only. All of this has led me to look at erlang - but before I wade in and start learning a new language, I would really like to understand better if this is worth the effort. Specifically, am I right in thinking that because of its parallel processing capabilities, erlang is a better choice for implementing a blocking protocol like two phase commit, or am I confused?

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• add height to accordion

  - by Hursh Prasad

  I'd like to know what is the best way to add overall height to the accordion example in the link below. I would like to make the ul sub-menu class taller, I would want the extra space to show as just empty with no list elements. http://vtimbuc.net/gallery/pure-css3-accordion-menu-tutorial/ I think it is possible by adding another tag like a div around the ul, but I am wondering is there an easier CSS way?

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• What's the best language combo for code generation?

  - by Peter Turner

  I read through Code Generation in Action but never bothered to make anything of it because Ruby just doesn't fit with my lifestyle at this juncture. The book came out more on the cusp of the C# revolution, and it said that C# "was a language designed to be generated", apparently using Ruby as the generator language. In your experience, what is the ideal combination of languages to generate the most useful code?

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• How do I inject test objects when the real objects are created dynamically?

  - by JW01

  I want to make a class testable using dependency injection. But the class creates multiple objects at runtime, and passes different values to their constructor. Here's a simplified example: public abstract class Validator { private ErrorList errors; public abstract void validate(); public void addError(String text) { errors.add( new ValidationError(text)); } public int getNumErrors() { return errors.count() } } public class AgeValidator extends Validator { public void validate() { addError("first name invalid"); addError("last name invalid"); } } (There are many other subclasses of Validator.) What's the best way to change this, so I can inject a fake object instead of ValidationError? I can create an AbstractValidationErrorFactory, and inject the factory instead. This would work, but it seems like I'll end up creating tons of little factories and factory interfaces, for every dependency of this sort. Is there a better way?

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• Why doesn't libxml2 support XPath 2.0?

  - by Peter Krauss

  Libxml2 is the faster, stable and most popular "open DOM engine"... And the "XML C parser and toolkit of Gnome". The initial release of Libxml2 was September 1999, 13 years ago. XPath v1.0 was also released at 1999. XPath v2.0 became a recommendation on January 2007, 6 years ago. We can suppose that the Libxml2 community have time and people to develop a XPath2... So, what is the problem? Why doesn't libxml2 (or a "libxml2 fork" or an "experimental lib"!) support XPath 2.0? Some raised hypotheses to discussion at answers, Because Libxml2 community (and Gnome community) dislikes and have no motivation to develop something to XPath2 or xQuery. 1.1. XPath2 needs (by mathematical proof) a very heavy parser, much slower, etc. that is not suitable to real-world Libxml2 applications. 1.2. Other "ideologic" dislikes/motivations. Because it is written with C, and for XPath2 is better to develop with C++. Because the above hypothesis of "Libxml2 community have time and people" is false. Because XPath2 became stable in 2010 with its "Second Edition" release, and ~2.5 years is not (?) enough time.

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• How to design network protocols

  - by dandroid

  As a programmer, you work on your software design skills. You learn about things such as modularity and reusability and how you can achieve them in code. There's plenty of literature on the subject and engineers talk about it all the time. What about if you want to design network protocols? How do you judge that protocol X is badly designed while Y is well designed? (eg. in programming you are often pointed out to a well-written piece of code in order to learn from it - what is the equivalent for network protocols?) For example, suppose I want to design a P2P protocol similar to BitTorrent or I want to make a better version of the Socks protocol. How would I go about doing a good job on this? Thanks!

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• Is Java free/open source or not?

  - by user1598390

  On November 13, 2006, Sun released much of Java as free and open source software, (FOSS), under the terms of the GNU General Public License (GPL). On May 8, 2007, Sun finished the process, making all of Java's core code available under free software/open-source distribution terms, aside from a small portion of code to which Sun did not hold the copyright. OpenJDK (Open Java Development Kit) is a free and open source implementation of the Java programming language. It is the result of an effort Sun Microsystems began in 2006. The implementation is licensed under the GNU General Public License (GNU GPL) with a linking exception. Why there are still people that say Java is not open source or free as in free speech ? Am I missing something? Is Java still privative ?

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• Are there good resources for leading documentation for an existing software product having none?

  - by Ben Rose

  Hello. I'm a software developer at a technology company. I have been tasked with leading the documentation effort for the product I work on, both internal to developers as well as spilling over into facilitating the business side of requirements documentation. This internal product has been around for at least 6 years. One challenge is that this software application has no form of documentation other than some small, outdated pieces here and there. There are comments in the code, but they are technical and do not convey any over-arching behavior (even on technical side). As a consequence of having little to no documentation, this product is often unnecessarily complex under the covers adding to the challenge. We are very limited on time that will be given to us to work on documentation. Another thing about me is that I've displayed some ability in writing/communication around the office, but I'm not coming from any sort of documentation or formal writing background (beyond my academic career). Please share your advise or recommend resources, book/website/forum/whatever, for helping me come up with a plan with milestones, best practices, task delegation, templates, buy-in, etc. I'm hoping for a resource targeting or giving special mention of introducing good documentation on existing projects where there previously was none. I would be very grateful for your responses. Ben

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• Do you have a plan for your digital assets after you die?

  - by pablo

  After reading this question I remembered of a news article about some websites that manage your online identity after you pass away. Have you planned what to do with your digital assets once you go? I'd imagine that your online footprint is as important as anything you leave of material value. I mean, what would be the difference of that open-source project that you created to the money and savings that you had? How would you like to have your identity managed after you pass away? Would you prefer to go "off the grid"? It's a sensitive topic and I never met anyone who prepared for it.

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• Can anyone explain to me what problem Core Data solves?

  - by Curtis Sumpter

  Core Data seems to add a needless layer of complexity. If you want to save data created natively by the user in an app why not just use an object and then write the data all to SQLite or back to a server using a RESTful script if necessary. Android doesn't have Core Data (though if it has something similar I haven't seen it.). What the heck is the point of buggy CD except useless needless overhead for people who can't write SQL or CGI scripts?

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• Simulating simultaneous entities

  - by Steven Jeuris

  Consider the need to simulate a set of entitities in an accurate way. All entities exist in an artificial timeline. Within 'steps' of this timeline, all entities can do certain operations. It is imperative that timed events, are handled accurately, and not in processing order. So simple threading isn't a proper simulation, nor is procedurally walking across all entities. Processing may be slow, accuracy is key here. I have some ideas how to implement this myself, but most likely something like this has been done before. Are there any frameworks available for these purposes? Is there any particular paradigm more suitable?

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• Creating a layer of abstraction over the ORM layer

  - by Daok

  I believe that if you have your repositories use an ORM that it's already enough abstracted from the database. However, where I am working now, someone believe that we should have a layer that abstract the ORM in case that we would like to change the ORM later. Is it really necessary or it's simply a lot of over head to create a layer that will work on many ORM? Edit Just to give more detail: We have POCO class and Entity Class that are mapped with AutoMapper. Entity class are used by the Repository layer. The repository layer then use the additional layer of abstraction to communicate with Entity Framework. The business layer has in no way a direct access to Entity Framework. Even without the additional layer of abstraction over the ORM, this one need to use the service layer that user the repository layer. In both case, the business layer is totally separated from the ORM. The main argument is to be able to change ORM in the future. Since it's really localized inside the Repository layer, to me, it's already well separated and I do not see why an additional layer of abstraction is required to have a "quality" code.

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• Does the use of mongodb enhance extending/changing database driven applications?

  - by developer10214

  When an application is created which need to store data, an SQL database is used very often. So did I in a lot of asp.net applications. The resulting applications have often an ORM like the entity framework and maybe a business layer. So when such an application needs to be extended(let's say you have to add a comment property to an object), you have to change/extend the database, then the ORM and the business layer and so on. To deploy the changes you have to update the target database and the application. I know that things like code first and fluent can make this approach easier. I tried mongodb, I only used the standard driver and I had to extend some objects and all I had to do was changing the code. So it feels that such approaches are much easier to realize when using mongodb. I don't have much experience with larger applications an mongodb. I know that a SQL database or mongodb doesn't fit for all needs and both have their pros and cons. I want to know if my feeling is right, if yes I would choose rather choose mongodb than SQL database.

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