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• Translating error messages from an external API?

  - by Jan Fabry

  If I am localizing a piece of software that uses an external API, how should I handle error messages that originate in this API? I do not control the API, I only consume it. The error responses are not very structured: some contain error codes, some contain verbose details in the text, others almost nothing. Some errors can be fixed by the user (incorrect configuration), some are caused by the external service (server overload), some could be caused by a bug in my software (of course, this would be very unlikely...). I would like to provide a smooth experience to my end-users, so they know what went wrong and what they can do to fix it. What is the best strategy to use here? (This is a generalization of a question from the WordPress Stack Exchange. I thought it would be worth re-asking here, because it is not limited to WordPress plugins.)

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• Arguments for a coding standard?

  - by acidzombie24

  A few friends and i are planning to work on a project together and we want a COMPLETELY DIFFERENT coding standard. We do NOT want to use the coding standard the libraries/language uses. Its our project and we want to mess around. So i came here to ask what you guys think are good standards and arguments for it (or what not to do and arguments against it). The styles i remember most are Upper casing the entire word Camel and Pascal casing Using '_' to separate each word pre or postfixing letters or words (i hate m for member but i think IsCond() is a good func name. SomethingException as a postfix example) Using '_' at the start or end of words Brace placement. On a new or same line? I know of libs that use Pascal casing on all public and protected members. But would you ever get confused if something is a func, var or even property if the lang supports it? What about if you decide a public member to be private (or vice versa) wouldnt that great a lot of fix up work or inconsistencies? Is prefixing C to every class a good idea? I ask what do you think and why?

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• What benefits can I get upgrading my ASP.NET (Webform) + DAL(EF) + Repository + BLL structure to MVC?

  - by Etienne

  I'm in the process of defining an approach that may best fit our needs for a big web application development. For now, I'm thinking going with an ASP.NET Architecture with a DAL using Entity Framework, a Repository concept to not access DAL directly from BLL and a BLL that call the repository and make every manipulations necessary to prepare data to push in a presentation layer (.aspx files). I don't plan to use ASP.Net controls and prefer to keep things simple and lightweight using plain html, jQuery UI controls and do most of the server calls with jQuery Ajax. Sometimes, when needed, I plan to use handlers (.ashx) to call BLL methods that will return JSON or HTML to client for dynamic stuff. My solution also has a test project that Mock the Repository with in-memory data to not repose on database for testing BLL methods... It may be usefull to add that we will build a big application over this architecture with hundreds of tables and store procedures with a lot of reading and writing to database. My question is, having this architecture in mind, Is there any evident advantages that I can obtain by using an MVC3 project instead of the described architecture base on Webform? Do you see any problem in this architecture that may cause us problem during the next steps of development? I know the MVC pattern for using it in others projects with Django... but the Microsoft MVC implementation look so much more complex and verbose than Django MVC and it's why I'm hesitating (or waiting for a little push?) right now before jumping into it... We are in a real project with deadlines and don't want to slow the development process without any real benefits.

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• Matching the superclass's constructor's parameter list, is treating a null default value as a non-null value within a constructor a violation of LSP?

  - by Panzercrisis

  I kind of ran into this when messing around with FlashPunk, and I'm going to use it as an example. Essentially the main sprite class is pretty much class Entity. Entity's constructor has four parameters, each with a default value. One of them is graphic, whose default value is null. Entity is designed to be inherited from, with many such subclasses providing their own graphic within their own internal workings. Normally these subclasses would not have graphic in their constructor's parameter lists, but would simply pick something internally and go with it. However I was looking into possibly still adhering to the Liskov Substitution Principal. Which led me to the following example: package com.blank.graphics { import net.flashpunk.*; import net.flashpunk.graphics.Image; public class SpaceGraphic extends Entity { [Embed(source = "../../../../../../assets/spaces/blank.png")] private const BLANK_SPACE:Class; public function SpaceGraphic(x:Number = 0, y:Number = 0, graphic:Graphic = null, mask:Mask = null) { super(x, y, graphic, mask); if (!graphic) { this.graphic = new Image(BLANK_SPACE); } } } } Alright, so now there's a parameter list in the constructor that perfectly matches the one in the super class's constructor. But if the default value for graphic is used, it'll exhibit two different behaviors, depending on whether you're using the subclass or the superclass. In the superclass, there won't be a graphic, but in the subclass, it'll choose the default graphic. Is this a violation of the Liskov Substitution Principal? Does the fact that subclasses are almost intended to use different parameter lists have any bearing on this? Would minimizing the parameter list violate it in a case like this? Thanks.

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• Advantages of Hudson and Sonar over manual process or homegrown scripts.

  - by Tom G

  My coworker and I recently got into a debate over a proposed plan at our workplace. We've more or less finished transitioning our Java codebase into one managed and built with Maven. Now, I'd like for us to integrate with Hudson and Sonar or something similar. My reasons for this are that it'll provide a 'zero-click' build step to provide testers with new experimental builds, that it will let us deploy applications to a server more easily, that tools such as Sonar will provide us with well-needed metrics on code coverage, Javadoc, package dependencies and the like. He thinks that the overhead of getting up to speed with two new frameworks is unacceptable, and that we should simply double down on documentation and create our own scripts for deployment. Since we plan on some aggressive rewrites to pay down the technical debt previous developers incurred (gratuitous use of Java's Serializable interface as a file storage mechanism that has predictably bit us in the ass) he argues that we can document as we go, and that we'll end up changing a large swath of code in the process anyways. I contend that having accurate metrics that Sonar (or fill in your favorite similar tool) provide gives us a good place to start for any refactoring efforts, not to mention general maintenance -- after all, knowing which classes are the most poorly documented, even if it's just a starting point, is better than seat-of-the-pants guessing. Am I wrong, and trying to introduce more overhead than we really need? Some more background: an alumni of our company is working at a Navy research lab now and suggested these two tools in particular as one they've had great success with using. My coworker and I have also had our share of friendly disagreements before -- he's more of the "CLI for all, compiles Gentoo in his spare time and uses Git" and I'm more of a "Give me an intuitive GUI, plays with XNA and is fine with SVN" type, so there's definitely some element of culture clash here.

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• CAPTCHA blocking for my scraping script?

  - by Surabhil Sergy

  I am working on a scraping project which involves getting web data and parsing them for further use. I have been working using PHP and CURL to make scraping scripts which crawls web data and I make use of either PHP Dom or Simple HTML DOM Parser library for these kinds of projects. On a recent project I encountered some challenges; initially I found the target website blocked my server IP such that the server could not make any successful requests to the site. Understanding these issues as common I bought a set of private proxies and tried to make request calls using them. Though this could get successful response, I noticed the script is getting some kind of blocks after 2-3 continuous requests. On printing and checking the response I could see a pop-up asking for CAPTCHA validation. I could not see any captcha characters to be entered and it also shows an error “input error: invalid referrer”. On examining the source I could see some Google recaptcha scripts within. I’m stuck at this point and I m not able to execute my script. My script is used for gathering data and it needs to go through a large number of pages periodically over the site. But in the current scenario I am not able to proceed with my script. I could see there are some options to overcome these captcha issues and scraping these kinds of sites too are common. I have been checking my script performance and responses over last two months. I could see during first month I was able to execute very large number of requests from a single IP and I was able to get results. Later I get an IP block and used private proxies which could get me some results. Later I am facing now with the captcha trouble. I would appreciate any help or suggestions in this regard. (Often in this kind of questions I used to get a first comment as, ‘Have you asked for prior permission from the target?’ .I haven’t ,but I know there are many sites doing so to get the details out of sites and target sites may not often give access to them. I respect the legality and scraping etiquettes but I would like to know at what point I stuck and how could I overcome that! ) I could provide any supporting information if needed.

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• Requesting feedback on my OO design

  - by Prog

  I'm working on an application that creates music by itself. I'm seeking feedback for my OO design so far. This question will focus on one part of the program. The application produces Tune objects, that are the final musical products. Tune is an abstract class with an abstract method play. It has two subclasses: SimpleTune and StructuredTune. SimpleTune owns a Melody and a Progression (chord sequence). It's play implementation plays these two objects simultaneously. StructuredTune owns two Tune instances. It's own play plays the two Tunes one after the other according to a pattern (currently only ABAB). Melody is an abstract class with an abstract play method. It has two subclasses: SimpleMelody and StructuredMelody. SimpleMelody is composed of an array of notes. Invoking play on it plays these notes one after the other. StructuredMelody is composed of an array of Melody objects. Invoking play on it plays these Melodyies one after the other. I think you're starting to see the pattern. Progression is also an abstract class with a play method and two subclasses: SimpleProgression and StructuredProgression, each composed differently and played differently. SimpleProgression owns an array of chords and plays them sequentially. StructuredProgression owns an array of Progressions and it's play implementation plays them sequentially. Every class has a corresponding Generator class. Tune, Melody and Progression are matched with corresponding abstract TuneGenerator, MelodyGenerator and ProgressionGenerator classes, each with an abstract generate method. For example MelodyGenerator defines an abstract Melody generate method. Each of the generators has two subclasses, Simple and Structured. So for example MelodyGenerator has a subclasses SimpleMelodyGenerator, with an implementation of generate that returns a SimpleMelody. (It's important to note that the generate methods encapsulate complex algorithms. They are more than mere factory method. For example SimpleProgressionGenerator.generate() implements an algorithm to compose a series of Chord objects, which are used to instantiate the returned SimpleProgression). Every Structured generator uses another generator internally. It is a Simple generator be default, but in special cases may be a Structured generator. Parts of this design are meant to allow the end-user through the GUI to choose what kind of music is to be created. For example the user can choose between a "simple tune" (SimpleTuneGenerator) and a "full tune" (StructuredTuneGenerator). Other parts of the system aren't subject to direct user-control. What do you think of this design from an OOD perspective? What potential problems do you see with this design? Please share with me your criticism, I'm here to learn. Apart from this, a more specific question: the "every class has a corresponding Generator class" part feels very wrong. However I'm not sure how I could design this differently and achieve the same flexibility. Any ideas?

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• Referring to hardware/software in first-person? [closed]

  - by JYelton

  At my company, there is a habit for the engineers to refer to their respective hardware/firmware/software in the first-person as if the device they are responsible for is a manifestation of themselves. I'll give you an example: Hardware Engineer: "I don't receive the first byte, so I stay off." Software Engineer: "I'm sending you the first byte after the ack flag, so I thought you were getting it." Hardware Engineer: "No, you're not turning me on." It was this very example I overheard today that nearly had me giggling in fits. "You're not turning me on." Well, I should hope not! So, is it common practice for engineers to do this, or simply unprofessional? Any suggestions for changing this apparently bad habit?

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• How to measure the right time to bring a new client?

  - by Byron Sommardahl

  My growing company has a team of developers working on a number of separate projects. Our developers depend on us to keep them working, and we depend on them to make our clients happy. Our projects have differing start and end dates, as you can imagine. The company's responsibility to the developers is to make sure we have clients waiting in the wings so that when one project ends, another can start. For now, finding clients is not a problem and not the topic of this question. What I'm trying to think through right now is, how can I best measure/view/evaluate the end dates of projects so that I know when I need to start courting the next client. Is there a tool that does this? If it's just a spreadsheet, what might it look like?

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• What to do when a project is too difficult to continue developing?

  - by MaxWell

  As a developer, can you tell your project manager that an application is unworkable? Or, if you're a project manager, how would you need this presented to you in order to be compelled? This isn't about "how to work on a poor project", it's assuming you cannot. I can provide an example of the situation if anyone thinks it's important, but I'm trying to avoid proposed solutions to "plodding through".

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• Creating a layer of abstraction over the ORM layer

  - by Daok

  I believe that if you have your repositories use an ORM that it's already enough abstracted from the database. However, where I am working now, someone believe that we should have a layer that abstract the ORM in case that we would like to change the ORM later. Is it really necessary or it's simply a lot of over head to create a layer that will work on many ORM? Edit Just to give more detail: We have POCO class and Entity Class that are mapped with AutoMapper. Entity class are used by the Repository layer. The repository layer then use the additional layer of abstraction to communicate with Entity Framework. The business layer has in no way a direct access to Entity Framework. Even without the additional layer of abstraction over the ORM, this one need to use the service layer that user the repository layer. In both case, the business layer is totally separated from the ORM. The main argument is to be able to change ORM in the future. Since it's really localized inside the Repository layer, to me, it's already well separated and I do not see why an additional layer of abstraction is required to have a "quality" code.

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• Why was Scala not implemented with C or C++

  - by jpartogi

  Does anybody know why was Scala implemented in Java and .NET instead of C or C++? Most languages are implemented with Cor C++ [i.e Erlang, Python, PHP, Ruby, Perl]. What are the advantages for Scala implemented in Java and .NET other than giving access to Java and .NET libraries? UPDATE Woudln't Scala gain more benefit if it is implemented in C because it can be tuned better rather than relying on JVM?

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• How does it matter if a character is 8 bit or 16 bit or 32 bit

  - by vin

  Well, I am reading Programing Windows with MFC, and I came across Unicode and ASCII code characters. I understood the point of using Unicode over ASCII, but what I do not get is how and why is it important to use 8bit/16bit/32bit character? What good does it do to the system? How does the processing of the operating system differ for different bits of character. My question here is, what does it mean to a character when it is a x-bit character?

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• moore's law and quadratic algorithm

  - by damon

  I was going thru a video (from coursera - by sedgewick) in which he argues that you cannot sustain Moore's law using a quadratic algorithm.He elaborates like this In year 197* you build a computer of power X ,and need to count N objects.This takes M days According to Moore's law,you have a computer of power 2X after 1.5 years.But now you have 2N objects to count. If you use a quadratic algorithm, In year 197*+1.5 ,it takes (4M)/2 = 2M days 4M because the algorithm is quadratic,and division by 2 because of doubling computer power. I find this hard to understand.I tried to work thru this as below To count N objects using comp=X , it takes M days. -> N/X = M After 1.5 yrs ,you need to count 2N objects using comp=2X -> 2N/(2X) -> N/X -> M days where do I go wrong? can someone please help me understand?

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• .Net search engine architecture and technology choice

  - by shrivb

  I am in the process of designing a search engine for an asp.net site. The site currently uses Microsoft Indexing Server to index and search content which range from simple text files to MS documents to PDFs. MIS is also used to crawl File servers. MIS in tandem with Index Server Companion crawls for content from external sites. I intend to replace MIS with the indexer/crawler I am trying to build. Since my platform is completely on the Microsoft stack, I cant afford to have a Java application server. Thus, Solr, and effectively, SolrNet is ruled out. With this being the context, I have couple of questions. 1.Technology choice I had done my initial investigation and looked at Lucene.Net. There seemed to be 2 issues in using Lucene.Net. First being, it cant crawl external content. There doesn't seem to be a direct port of Nutch in .Net. Second, since it is just an indexer, it cant parse various document types. The parsing is left to the developer. So, what would be best technology choice on the .Net platform to achieve indexing & crawling? Are there any .Net open source libraries available for document parsing? 2.Architectural pattern Is there any general architectural pattern or best practice that needs to be followed in designing such a search engine? Thanks in advance.

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• I'm doing hobby programming; what programming methodologies (e.g. XP, Agile...) do you recommend me to read up on?

  - by Anto

  Most of you would probably just call me a kid (I'm 15). I'm doing hobby programming (I started fiddling around with ActionScript 2.0 in Flash 8 when I was 11, now I do mostly C, Python and Java). As I'm 15, I won't get a job for a long period of time (I'm going to spend years in academia before that) and thus this question is not about which programming methodologies you recommend me to read up on for a software engineering job, but instead which methodologies should a hobby programmer read about? What will a hobby developer learn from reading about your recommendation(s)?

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• When do you use a struct instead of a class?

  - by jkohlhepp

  What are your rules of thumb for when to use structs vs. classes? I'm thinking of the C# definition of those terms but if your language has similar concepts I'd like to hear your opinion as well. I tend to use classes for almost everything, and use structs only when something is very simplistic and should be a value type, such as a PhoneNumber or something like that. But this seems like a relatively minor use and I hope there are more interesting use cases.

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• Are certification courses worth it?

  - by Bill Williams

  I'm planning on getting certification in Database Development for SQL Server (MSTC - 70-433). I'm a junior level report writer at a new job and the company is offering to pay the majority, if not all, of training course fees. The course is five days. I noticed that MS has a self-paced training kit (book) that I could use. I'm wondering if this would be a better option because it will allow me to go as quick as possible. I've also heard about video training sessions (Lynda.com) but they seem to go at slow pace. My questions are: What should I expect at a certification course? Is it hands-on training? Small classes with personal feedback or not? Would I be better off learning at my own pace using the training kit? (I'd rather this not turn into a certifications are pointless discussion..)

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• Was it necessary to build this site in ASP.NET ?

  - by Andrew M

  From what I'm told, the whole StackOverflow/StackExchange 'stack' is based on Microsoft's ASP.NET. SO and the SE sites are probably the most complex that I visit on a regular basis. There's a lot going on in every page - lots of different boxes, pulling data from different places and changing dynamically and responding to user interaction. And the sites work very smoothly, despite the high traffic. My question is, could this have been achieved using a different platform/framework? Does ASP.NET lend itself to more complex projects where other web frameworks would strain and falter? Or is the choice pretty incidental?

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• Solo vs Team development and the consequences

  - by Mathieu

  Hi, I've been programming for a while on different languages. I never really studied that at school nor worked on a team of more than 2 (me included). Still, I've been a professional developper for over three years. Last year, I took over my first C# project and it ended up being fine. I can't help but think that because I learned and worked alone I must be missing some concepts/hints/edge. For those who've been solo developpers before being part of a team, can you share your experience? Did you realize you were missing something? Did you find it hard? Did you learn faster after? Thank you!

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• Are there programming languages that allow you to do set arithmetic on types?

  - by Will Brown

  Out of curiosity, are there languages that allow you to do set arithmetic on types to create new types? Something like: interface A { void a(); void b(); } interface B { void b(); void c(); } interface C = A & B; // has b() interface D = A | B; // has a(), b() and c() interface E = (A & B) ^ B; // has c() I know that in some languages these ideas can be expressed (i.e., Java has List<Comparable & Serializable> for the union of the interfaces) but I've never heard of a language that supports type arithmetic. Thanks!

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• In Search of Automatic ORM with REST interface

  - by Dan Ray

  I have this wish that so far Google hasn't been able to fulfill. I want to find a package (ideally in PHP, because I know PHP, but I guess that's not a hard requirement) that you point at a database, it builds an ORM based on what it finds there, and exposes a REST interface over the web. Everything I've found in my searches requires a bunch of code--like, it wants you to build the classes for it, but it'll handle the REST request routing. Or it does database and relational stuff just fine, but you have to build your own methods for all the CRUD actions. That's dumb. REST is well defined. If I wanted to re-invent the wheel, I totally could, but I don't want to. Isn't there somebody who's built a one-shot super-simple auto-RESTing web service package?

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• Configure Jenkins and Tomcat using Puppet

  - by ex3v

  I'm trying to setup Spring dev environment (jenkins, tomcat) on Vagrant. What I really want to achieve is to limit config to only Puppet scripts, so I can share it with my colleagues and work together on the same environment. So far I managed to set up simple scripts to install jenkins, tomcat and so on, they work fine. What about jenkins configuration though? I'm pretty green in jenkins usage and configuration, not sure if I'm doing it the right way... I found this article and I want to migrate whole setup described in it to Puppet. Any ideas? Thanks.

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• Questioning the motivation for dependency injection: Why is creating an object graph hard?

  - by oberlies

  Dependency injection frameworks like Google Guice give the following motivation for their usage (source): To construct an object, you first build its dependencies. But to build each dependency, you need its dependencies, and so on. So when you build an object, you really need to build an object graph. Building object graphs by hand is labour intensive (...) and makes testing difficult. But I don't buy this argument: Even without dependency injection, I can write classes which are both easy to instantiate and convenient to test. E.g. the example from the Guice motivation page could be rewritten in the following way: class BillingService { private final CreditCardProcessor processor; private final TransactionLog transactionLog; // constructor for tests, taking all collaborators as parameters BillingService(CreditCardProcessor processor, TransactionLog transactionLog) { this.processor = processor; this.transactionLog = transactionLog; } // constructor for production, calling the (productive) constructors of the collaborators public BillingService() { this(new PaypalCreditCardProcessor(), new DatabaseTransactionLog()); } public Receipt chargeOrder(PizzaOrder order, CreditCard creditCard) { ... } } So dependency injection may really be an advantage in advanced use cases, but I don't need it for easy construction and testability, do I?

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• a little code to allow word substitution depending on user

  - by Fred Quimby

  Can anyone help? I'm creating a demo web app in html in order for people to physically see and comment on the app prior to committing to a proper build. So whilst the proper app will be database driven, my demo is just standard html with some javascript effects. What I do want to demonstrate is that different user group will see different words. For example, imagine I have an html sentence that says 'This will cost £100 to begin'. What I need to some way of identifying that if the user has deemed themselves to be from the US, the sentence says 'This will cost $100 to begin'. This requirement is peppered throughtout the pages but I'm happy to add each one manually. So I envisage some code along the lines of 'first, remove the [boot US] trunk' where the UK version is 'first remove the boot' but the code is saying that the visitor needs the US version. It then looks up boot (in an Access database perhaps) and sees that the table says for boot for US, display 'trunk'. I'm not a programmer but I can normally cobble together scripts so I'm hoping someone may have a relatively easy solution in javascrip, CSS or asp. To recap; I have a number of words or short sentences that need to appear differently and I'm happy to manually insert each one if necessary (but would be even better if the words were automatically changed). And I need a device which allows me to tell the pages to choose the US version, or for example, the New Zealand version. Thanks in advance. Fred

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