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• What advantages do we have when creating a separate mapping table for two relational tables

  - by Pankaj Upadhyay

  In various open source CMS, I have noticed that there is a separate table for mapping two relational tables. Like for categories and products, there is a separate product_category_mapping table. This table just has a primary key and two foreign keys from the categories and product tables. My question is what are the benefits of this database design rather than just linking the tables directly by defining a foreign key in either table? Is it just matter of convenience?

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• Formal definition for term "pure OO language"?

  - by Yauhen Yakimovich

  I can't think of a better place among SO siblings to pose such a question. Originally I wanted to ask "Is python a pure OO language?" but considering troubles and some sort of discomfort people experience while trying to define the term I decided to start with obtaining a clear definition for the term itself. It would be rather fair to start with correspondence by Dr. Alan Kay, who has coined the term (note the inspiration in biological analogy to cells or other living objects). There are following ways to approach the task: Give a comparative analysis by listing programming languages that exhibits certain properties unique and sufficient to define the term (although Smalltalk and Java are passing examples but IMO this way seems neither really complete or nor fruitful) Give a formal definition (or close to it, e.g. in more academic or mathematical style). Give a philosophical definition that would totally rely on semantical context of concrete language or a priori programming experience (there must be some chance of successful explanation by the community). My current version: "If a certain programing (formal) language that can (grammatically) differentiate between operations and operands as well as infer about the type of each operand whether this type is an object (in sense of OOP) or not then we call such a language an OO-language as long as there is at least one type in this language which is an object. Finally, if all types of the language are also objects we define such language to be pure OO-language." Would appreciate any possible improvement of it. As you can see I just made the definition dependent on the term "object" (often fully referenced as class of objects).

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• Modern.IE VM license

  - by Thomas W.

  Microsoft provides some VMs for testing purposes (advertised on StackOverflow) and I'm trying to understand the license terms. The one I don't really understand is 1.b. You may use the software for testing purposes only. You may not use the software for commercial purposes. My thoughts: a) Testing a website in several browsers on several different virtual machines seems a quite professional approach. I hardly believe many private developers would do that. Of course they should, but which private developer has the time to do so? b) If that's really only available to private developers, what is the offer to companies doing the same thing? I am missing the advertisement for a paid service. My question as a non-native English speaker: Is testing by a company considered as a commercial purpose? Can I use the VMs within a company for testing or not?

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• Composite-like pattern and SRP violation

  - by jimmy_keen

  Recently I've noticed myself implementing pattern similar to the one described below. Starting with interface: public interface IUserProvider { User GetUser(UserData data); } GetUser method's pure job is to somehow return user (that would be an operation speaking in composite terms). There might be many implementations of IUserProvider, which all do the same thing - return user basing on input data. It doesn't really matter, as they are only leaves in composite terms and that's fairly simple. Now, my leaves are used by one own them all composite class, which at the moment follows this implementation: public interface IUserProviderComposite : IUserProvider { void RegisterProvider(Predicate<UserData> predicate, IUserProvider provider); } public class UserProviderComposite : IUserProviderComposite { public User GetUser(SomeUserData data) ... public void RegisterProvider(Predicate<UserData> predicate, IUserProvider provider) ... } Idea behind UserProviderComposite is simple. You register providers, and this class acts as a reusable entry-point. When calling GetUser, it will use whatever registered provider matches predicate for requested user data (if that helps, it stores key-value map of predicates and providers internally). Now, what confuses me is whether RegisterProvider method (brings to mind composite's add operation) should be a part of that class. It kind of expands its responsibilities from providing user to also managing providers collection. As far as my understanding goes, this violates Single Responsibility Principle... or am I wrong here? I thought about extracting register part into separate entity and inject it to the composite. As long as it looks decent on paper (in terms of SRP), it feels bit awkward because: I would be essentially injecting Dictionary (or other key-value map) ...or silly wrapper around it, doing nothing more than adding entires This won't be following composite anymore (as add won't be part of composite) What exactly is the presented pattern called? Composite felt natural to compare it with, but I realize it's not exactly the one however nothing else rings any bells. Which approach would you take - stick with SRP or stick with "composite"/pattern? Or is the design here flawed and given the problem this can be done in a better way?

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• Is there an open source license that allows any use, except within a GPL/copyleft project? [on hold]

  - by Marcos Scriven

  I would like to open source some code with a permissive license (say MIT/BSD) I would be happy for it to be used both commercially and in any open source project that is not copyleft (GPL being the main one obviously). I looked at the list of non-GPL compatible licenses here: http://www.gnu.org/licenses/license-list.html#GPLIncompatibleLicenses But none seemed to be quite what I wanted. Is there such a license already? If not, would it even be possible to do this? EDIT: I have been asked to edit this question to clarify. I'm not sure how it's unclear, as that wasn't stated. What I would like to know is simply the answer to the topic - can anyone point to a standard licence that is permissive as possible, while restricting use in copyleft licence. I'm not clear why the question would be suspended by the same person that edited spelling differences (apparently British English is a 'mistake') in the question earlier, and by another that had answered licencing questions in other posts.

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• Transiltion from maintenance programing to design

  - by andrew wang

  What to do guys do develop a design for a s/w for a given set of requirements? I like many people joined a Semiconductor MNC and got stuck in maintenance for quite a couple of years. My work was usually changing a lines of code for windows drivers supplied by my company or a couple of small script (style like) C programs for validating h/w. As a result I developed the bad habit of 'programming by coincidence'. I have not developed the ability for designing tools/programs from scratch. I was the only s/w member of the local team and thus some grunt work from the well established other site of the company came to be done by me. Now I have moved to a different company and thus finding developing from scratch very difficult. How do I unlearn my bad habit and develop this ability of designing s/w and then coding it ?

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• Does it help to be core programmer of a product (meant for social good) for getting into a PhD program at a top university?

  - by Maddy.Shik

  Hey i am working upon a product as core developer which will be launched in USA market in few months if successful. Can this factor improve my chances for getting accepted into a PhD program at a top university (say top 20 in US)? Normally good universities like CMU, Standford, MIT, Cornell are more interested in student's profile like research work, undergraduate school, etc. I am now passed out from very good university it's ranked in top 20 of India only. Neither did I do research work till now. But being one of founding member of company and developing product for same, I want to know if this factor can help and to what extent.

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• Do you start migrating your Swing project to JavaFX

  - by Yan Cheng CHEOK

  I have a 4 years old project which is written in Swing + SwingX. Currently, it is still alive and still kicking. However, as more GUI related feature requests coming in (For instance, a sortable tree table), I start to feel the difficulty in fulling the requests. This is true especially there isn't active development going around SwingX project. Also, I hardly can find any good, yet being actively maintained/ developed/ evolving GUI Java framework. I was wondering, any of Swing developers feel the same thing? Have you start to migrate your Swing project to a much more active developed GUI framework like JavaFX?

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• Is it customary to write Java domain objects / data transfer objects with public member variables on mobile platforms?

  - by Sean Mickey

  We performed a code review recently of mobile application Java code that was developed by an outside contractor and noticed that all of the domain objects / data transfer objects are written in this style: public class Category { public String name; public int id; public String description; public int parentId; } public class EmergencyContact { public long id; public RelationshipType relationshipType; public String medicalProviderType; public Contact contact; public String otherPhone; public String notes; public PersonName personName; } Of course, these members are then accessed directly everywhere else in the code. When we asked about this, the developers told us that this is a customary performance enhancement design pattern that is used on mobile platforms, because mobile devices are resource-limited environments. It doesn't seem to make sense; accessing private members via public getters/setters doesn't seem like it could add much overhead. And the added benefits of encapsulation seem to outweigh the benefits of this coding style. Is this generally true? Is this something that is normally done on mobile platforms for the reasons given above? All feedback welcome and appreciated -

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• Proposal for a new position at work

  - by Seth P.

  I have an idea at work for a new Product Manager position at our office. I work with several developers, and it would be helpful to have someone working in a type of "Scrum Master" capacity, dividing out assignments and making sure they get complete. This position does not currently exist, however I feel that I have enough evidence to indicate that it be very helpful for our business. What is the best way to present this proposal to my boss? Is there a specific template that you know of for new position? It should be able to describe the qualification for the position, their responsibilities, and what metrics we would use to measure them. Thanks. UPDATE++++ With Anna's suggestion, I gave more details about this specific position. However, I would ideally like the most generic way to present a new position to my boss.

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• When using membership provider, do you use the user ID or the username?

  - by Chris

  I've come across this is in a couple of different applications that I've worked on. They all used the ASP.NET Membership Provider for user accounts and controlling access to certain areas, but when we've gotten down into the code I've noticed that in one we're passing around the string based user name, like "Ralph Waters", or we're passing around the Guid based user ID from the membership table. Now both seem to work. You can make methods which get by username, or get by user ID, but both have felt somewhat "funny". When you pass a string like "Ralph Waters" you're passing essentially two separate words that make up a unique identifier. And with a Guid, you're passing around a string/number combination which can be cast and made unique. So my question is this; when using Membership Provider, which do you use, the username or the user ID to get back to the user? Thanks all!

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• What to do when a project is too difficult to continue developing?

  - by MaxWell

  As a developer, can you tell your project manager that an application is unworkable? Or, if you're a project manager, how would you need this presented to you in order to be compelled? This isn't about "how to work on a poor project", it's assuming you cannot. I can provide an example of the situation if anyone thinks it's important, but I'm trying to avoid proposed solutions to "plodding through".

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• String patterns that can be used to filter and group files

  - by Louis Rhys

  One of our application filters files in certain directory, extract some data from it and export a document from the extracted data. The algorithm for extracting the data depends on the file, and so far we use regex to select the algorithm to be used, for example .*\.txt will be processed by algorithm A, foo[0-5]\.xml will be processed by algo B, etc. However now we need some files to be processed together. For example, in one case we need two files, foo.*\.xml and bar.*\.xml. Part of the information to be extracted exist in the foo file, and the other part in the bar file. Moreover, we need to make sure the wild card is compatible. For example, if there are 6 files foo1.xml foo23.xml bar1.xml bar9.xml bar23.xml foo4.xml I would expect foo1 and bar1 to be identified as a group, and foo23 and bar23 as another group. bar9 and foo4 has no pair, so they will not be treated. Now, since the filter is configured by user, we need to have a pattern that can express the above requirement. I don't think you can express meaning like above in standard regex. (foo|bar).*\.xml will match all 6 file above and we can't identify which file is paired for a particular file. Is there any standard pattern that can express it? Or any idea how to modify regex to support this, that can be implemented easily?

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• Experience vs. versatility

  - by Florin Bombeanu

  Let's say a .NET programmer works at a company which provides software on demand, not as a product. The programmer works in WPF for a period of time and he/she invests lots of time in it. He/she get very good at WPF and Windows Forms and desktop development in general. But the company has to provide a web application now, so the developer has to learn MVC or Web Forms. He/she is not experienced in web development so he/she starts investing time in this new technology and in time they get good at it. But this time the company has to provide a Sharepoint solution, and so on. What is more important: Being very very good at a certain technology, Or be as versatile as possible knowing less in each technology but covering a greater area of expertise? Should the programmer keep studying and working in WPF until he/she reaches a guru level or is it a good thing that they had to learn other technologies as well? I agree with those of you who will say that when learning different technologies you will also learn things which are useful no matter the technology you're programming in. But eventually, when the programmer will want to change jobs, will it matter more that he/she knows some WPF, MVC or Sharepoint than the fact that he/she is insanely good at one of them? I would think the second one is more important since most companies are looking for a developer for a certain technology. I don't think there are many companies looking for technical know-it-all people. What do you think?

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• How to import ejb project classes into web project on eclipse?

  - by Jhonnytunes

  I have 3 projects on eclipse, maven ejb project, maven wicket webapp project and a enterprise application project that includes ejb and web I mentioned before, as modules. But my question is, How from my web project can I use classes on the ejb project. Lets say ClassA is on the ejb project and I want to say from web project: ClassA cl = new ClassA. I wont be allowed since web project doesnt have ClassA but ejb project. I want to use ejb project as a Business Logic, JPA part. Also I want to include here some not beans classes that I want to use from the web. Dont know if its possible. The web project goes without Business logic, just the wicket pages calling ejb, and using ther classes. Im new in the EE world. Never made an ear file including a war and ejb jar for deploying it on Glassfish. Thanks in advanced.

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• Software Tester to Developer [closed]

  - by Mayu Mayooresan

  Possible Duplicate: How do I become a developer? Its not a question related to programming but related to career. Last 2 and half year I've been working as a Software Tester and i'm seriously considering a track change to programmer. but the problems I think of is.. 1. My age (28) 2. My IT experience with Testing 3. Salary wont match if I change the track as I have to start from scrach. Wot do you think guys?? Please advice me. Is it better to change track or stay in Tester job?? I think I dont seem to like tester job. Please advice. Thanks in advance.

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• Object-Oriented Operating System

  - by nmagerko

  As I thought about writing an operating system, I came across a point that I really couldn't figure out on my own: Can an operating system truly be written in an Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) Language? Being that these types of languages do not allow for direct accessing of memory, wouldn't this make it impossible for a developer to write an entire operating system using only an OOP Language? Take, for example, the Android Operating System that runs many phones and some tablets in use around the world. I believe that this operating system uses only Java, an Object-Oriented language. In Java, I have been unsuccessful in trying to point at and manipulate a specific memory address that the run-time environment (JRE) has not assigned to my program implicitly. In C, C++, and other non-OOP languages, I can do this in a few lines. So this makes me question whether or not an operating system can be written in an OOP, especially Java. Any counterexamples or other information is appreciated.

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• Class Design for special business rules

  - by Samuel Front

  I'm developing an application that allows people to place custom manufacturing orders. However, while most require similar paperwork, some of them have custom paperwork that only they require. My current class design has a Manufacturer class, of which of one of the member variables is an array of RequiredSubmission objects. However, there are two issues that I am somewhat concerned about. First, some manufacturers are willing to accept either a standard form or their own custom form. I'm thinking of storing this in the RequiredSubmission object, with an array of alternate forms that are a valid substitute. I'm not sure that this is ideal, however. The major issue, however, is that some manufacturers have deadline cycles. For example, forms A, B and C have to be delivered by January 1, while payment must be rendered by January 10. If you miss those, you'll have to wait until the next cycle. I'm not exactly sure how I can get this to work with my existing classes—how can I say "this set of dates all belong to the same cycle, with date A for form A, date B for form B, etc." I would greatly appreciate any insights on how to best design these classes.

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• Explanation of the definition of interface inheritance as described in GoF book

  - by Geek

  I am reading the first chapter of the Gof book. Section 1.6 discusses about class vs interface inheritance: Class versus Interface Inheritance It's important to understand the difference between an object's class and its type. An object's class defines how the object is implemented.The class defines the object's internal state and the implementation of its operations.In contrast,an object's type only refers to its interface--the set of requests on which it can respond. An object can have many types, and objects of different classes can have the same type. Of course, there's a close relationship between class and type. Because a class defines the operations an object can perform, it also defines the object's type . When we say that an object is an instance of a class, we imply that the object supports the interface defined by the class. Languages like c++ and Eiffel use classes to specify both an object's type and its implementation. Smalltalk programs do not declare the types of variables; consequently,the compiler does not check that the types of objects assigned to a variable are subtypes of the variable's type. Sending a message requires checking that the class of the receiver implements the message, but it doesn't require checking that the receiver is an instance of a particular class. It's also important to understand the difference between class inheritance and interface inheritance (or subtyping). Class inheritance defines an object's implementation in terms of another object's implementation. In short, it's a mechanism for code and representation sharing. In contrast,interface inheritance(or subtyping) describes when an object can be used in place of another. I am familiar with the Java and JavaScript programming language and not really familiar with either C++ or Smalltalk or Eiffel as mentioned here. So I am trying to map the concepts discussed here to Java's way of doing classes, inheritance and interfaces. This is how I think of of these concepts in Java: In Java a class is always a blueprint for the objects it produces and what interface(as in "set of all possible requests that the object can respond to") an object of that class possess is defined during compilation stage only because the class of the object would have implemented those interfaces. The requests that an object of that class can respond to is the set of all the methods that are in the class(including those implemented for the interfaces that this class implements). My specific questions are: Am I right in saying that Java's way is more similar to C++ as described in the third paragraph. I do not understand what is meant by interface inheritance in the last paragraph. In Java interface inheritance is one interface extending from another interface. But I think the word interface has some other overloaded meaning here. Can some one provide an example in Java of what is meant by interface inheritance here so that I understand it better?

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• Nearly technical books that you enjoyed reading

  - by pablo

  I've seen questions about "What books you recommend" in several of the Stack Exchange verticals. Perhaps these two questions (a and b) are the most popular. But, I'd like to ask for recommendations of a different kind of books. I have read in the past "The Passionate Programmer" and I am now reading "Coders at Work". Both of them I would argue that are almost a biography (or biographies in the "Coders at work") or even a bit of "self-help" book (that is more the case of the "Passionate programmer"). And please don't get me wrong. I loved reading the first one, and I am loving reading the second one. There's a lot of value in it, mostly in "lessons of the trade" kind of way. So, here is what I'd like to know. What other books that you read that are similar to these ones in intent that you enjoyed? Why?

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• How to fill certain application design learning "gaps"?

  - by e4rthdog

  In life it doesnt matter if you do one thing for 15 years. You will end up waking one day and asking stuff that are equal to "how do i walk?" :) My specific question is that as a new entrant to C# and OOP i am stepping into many little "details" that need to be addressed. Written a lot of code in VB.NET / cobol / simple php e.t.c surely does not help much into the OOP world... So , even after reading entry level books for C# and watching some videos i recently found out about the "factory model design" for applications. I would appreciate if any of you guys recomment some reading on application design architecture for further reading...

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• Runtime analysis

  - by Joe Smith

  can someone please help me with the analysis of the following function (for inputs of size n). The part that confuses me the most is the inner for loop. def prefix_sums(L): # Total cost = ? pSum = [] #cost = 1 for a in range(len(L)+1): # range + body of function = (n+1) + (n+1)*(body) ? s = 0 #cost = 1 for b in range(a): # cost = ? s = s + L[b] #cost = operation + accessing list = 2 pSum.append(s) #cost = 1 return pSum #cost = 1 What I need to do is figure out the cost of each statement.

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• Annual Review: what hard data should a developer bring?

  - by sunpech

  Many companies have annual reviews for their employees. I've heard that it's generally a good idea to muster up some hard data to analyze and bring to the review. The better the data, the better the chances to help support a promotion or raise. What I mean by hard data, are tangible numbers-- something that can be measured and/or calculated. Obviously data that a developer would have access to. Something intangible would be how beautiful the code a developer has written. I think this would be very hard to measure, nor would upper management care for it. My question is: For a software developer, what kind of hard data should be analyzed and brought to a review to help highlight good work that was done? An example I've been given in the past: The support tickets produced by each project a developer was involved in. Are the numbers low? Are the rate per month getting lower? Etc.

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• I'm a CS student, and honestly I don't understand Knuth's books..

  - by Raymond Ho

  I stumbled this quote from Bill Gates: "You should definitely send me a resume if you can read the whole thing." He was talking about The Art of Programming books.. So I was pretty curious and want to read it all but honestly, I don't understand it at all.. I'm really not that highly intellectual being.. So this should be the reason why I can't understand it, but I am eager to learn.. I'm currently reading volume 1 about fundamental algo.. So is there any books out there that are friendly to novice/slow people like me? So I can build up myself and hopefully in the future I can read Knuth's book at ease..

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• How to solve SocketException: Permission denied: connect

  - by luxinxian

  I recently encountered a problem getting a headache, need help... System consists of: Two subsystems, called A, B (each running on a standalone tomcat instance), currently running on the same machine. A invoke B's service via spring httpInvoker(http). B system also invoke other system's services via http. Symptoms: 1, the system starts to run normally after 10-15 days; 2, the system will run for a period of time after an exception: org.springframework.remoting.RemoteAccessException: Could not access HTTP invoker remote service at [http://xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/remoting/call]; nested exception is java. net.SocketException: Permission denied: connect 3, when the exception occour, it continues, not only occasional .(it looks like some resources exhausted, but cpu rate < 5%, memory < 15%, network < 5%) 4, A, B when the system call fails, B system via http call to an external service also failed for the same exception. 5, closed two tomcat services, restart, and working properly. So repeatedly (step 1 - 5), has not found the root reason. Emvironment: windows 2008 R2 tomcat7.0.42 x86_64 oralce-jdk-1.7.0_40 Any ideas?

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