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• Emailing Interviewer after interview regarding technical solution

  - by Raghav Shankar

  I had an interview yesterday where I was given a programming problem and I was asked to figure the optimal solution for it. I gave a solution that worked in linear time, but used 2 loops (not inner loops). At the end of the interview, the interviewer saw I was interested in solving the problem, so he said the optimal solution uses only one loop and has linear complexity and at the end of the interview I had asked for his card and he gave one to me. I think I might have figured out a solution and I was wondering if it's alright to email the recruiter thanking him for his time and also mentioning about the solution I had figured out?

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• How lookaheads are propagated in "channel" method of building LALR parser?

  - by greenoldman

  The method is described in Dragon Book, however I read about it in ""Parsing Techniques" by D.Grune and C.J.H.Jacobs". I start from my understanding of building channels for NFA: channels are built once, they are like water channels with current you "drop" lookahead symbols in right places (sources) of the channel, and they propagate with "current" when symbol propagates, there are no barriers (the only sufficient things for propagation are presence of channel and direction/current); i.e. lookahead cannot just die out of the blue Is that right? If I am correct, then eof lookahead should be present in all states, because the source of it is the start production, and all other production states are reachable from start state. How the DFA is made out of this NFA is not perfectly clear for me -- the authors of the mentioned book write about preserving channels, but I see no purpose, if you propagated lookaheads. If the channels have to be preserved, are they cut off from the source if the DFA state does not include source NFA state? I assume no -- the channels still runs between DFA states, not only within given DFA state. In the effect eof should still be present in all items in all states. But when you take a look at DFA presented in book (pdf is from errata): DFA for LALR (fig. 9.34 in the book, p.301) you will see there are items without eof in lookahead. The grammar for this DFA is: S -> E E -> E - T E -> T T -> ( E ) T -> n So how it was computed, when eof was dropped, and on what condition? Update It is textual pdf, so two interesting states (in DFA; # is eof): State 1: S--- >•E[#] E--- >•E-T[#-] E--- >•T[#-] T--- >•n[#-] T--- >•(E)[#-] State 6: T--- >(•E)[#-)] E--- >•E-T[-)] E--- >•T[-)] T--- >•n[-)] T--- >•(E)[-)] Arc from 1 to 6 is labeled (.

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• Would you refactor this and if so, would you charge your client?

  - by Julius

  I am working on a freelance job at home. The client wants me to write some new functionality for his CMS, but it is taking me a lot of time to figure out what the code is doing, because it is written in a very unreadable style. Below is just an example of what I mean. The previous programmer made extensive use of anonymous functions, of eval(), he uses deeply nested ternary operators, he didn't indent code, didn't use comments, and he uses funny constructions like misusing the behaviour of logical operators || and && for creating if/else conditions (the second condition of && only gets tested if the first one is true, opening the possibility to use && as an if/else construction). All in all it's insane code and it's costing me a lot of time to find out how the current code works. return ($this->main->context != "ajax" || in_array($this->type, $this->definition->ajax)) ? eval('return method_exists($this,"Show'.ucfirst($this->type).'") ? $this->Show'.ucfirst($this->type).'('.(count($args) ? join(",",array_map(create_function('$a','return (is_numeric($a) || preg_match("/^array/",$a)) ? $a : "\"".$a."\"";'),$args)) : "").') : null;') : ''; Would you refactor this code and how would you handle this sort of thing with your client, I mean financially?

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• Innovation on CS

  - by guiman

  Hi all, its been some time that i've been thinking about creating something that could help the web community and leave some mark, but the problem that there are no ideas poping out of my head. So 2 questions comes to my mind: First, how did projects like Twitter, Google or any other big project that had changed our way of living in the internet get started? Secondly, do we have to force it or just keep doing what we do best and wait to that idea that could change things? While writting this question, one quote come to mind: Imagination is more important than knowledge Albert Einstein

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• How can a computer render a CLI/console along with a GUI?

  - by Nathaniel Bennett

  I'm confused when looking into graphics - specifically with operating systems. I mean, how can a computer render a CLI/console along with a GUI? GUI's are completely different from text. And how can we have GUI windows that display text interfaces, ie how can we have CLI in modern Graphics Operating system - that's what I'm mainly trying to grip on to. How does graphics get rendered to display? Is there some sort of memory address that a GPU access which holds all pixel data, and there system's within OS's that gather the pixel position of windows and widgets, along with the Z Index and rasterize them to that memory address, which then the GPU loads to the screen? How about the CLI's integrated with Graphics? How does the OS tell the GPU that a certain part of the screen wants to display text while the rest wants to display pixel data?

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• Is extensive documentation a code smell?

  - by Griffin

  Every library, open-source project, and SDK/API I've ever come across has come packaged with a (usually large) documentation file, and this seems contradictory to the wide-spread belief that good code needs little to no comments. What separates documentation from this programming methodology? a one to two page overview of a package seems reasonable, but elegant code combined with standard intelisense should have theoretically deprecated the practice of documentation by now IMO. I feel like companies only create detailed documentation and tutorials because its what they've always done. Why should developers have to constantly be searching through online documentation in order to learn how to do things when such information should be intrinsic to the classes, methods and namespaces?

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• Why is using C++ libraries so complicated?

  - by Pius

  First of all, I want to note I love C++ and I'm one of those people who thinks it is easier to code in C++ than Java. Except for one tiny thing: libraries. In Java you can simply add some jar to the build path and you're done. In C++ you usually have to set multiple paths for the header files and the library itself. In some cases, you even have to use special build flags. I have mainly used Visual Studio, Code Blocks and no IDE at all. All 3 options do not differ much when talking about using external libraries. I wonder why was there made no simpler alternative for this? Like having a special .zip file that has everything you need in one place so the IDE can do all the work for you setting up the build flags. Is there any technical barrier for this?

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• Referring to hardware/software in first-person? [closed]

  - by JYelton

  At my company, there is a habit for the engineers to refer to their respective hardware/firmware/software in the first-person as if the device they are responsible for is a manifestation of themselves. I'll give you an example: Hardware Engineer: "I don't receive the first byte, so I stay off." Software Engineer: "I'm sending you the first byte after the ack flag, so I thought you were getting it." Hardware Engineer: "No, you're not turning me on." It was this very example I overheard today that nearly had me giggling in fits. "You're not turning me on." Well, I should hope not! So, is it common practice for engineers to do this, or simply unprofessional? Any suggestions for changing this apparently bad habit?

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• Generate Multiple Choice Questions [closed]

  - by Daniel

  I'm working on a quiz application that will have a number of multiple choice questions. I'm waiting on the content from the client, but I'm hoping to start testing with some placeholder data for the time being. In order for the tests to be worthwhile, I probably need at least 100 multiple choice questions. I wanted to see if anyone knows of a resource or tool that can generate questions/multiple choice answers or propose another creative way to fill my quiz application with placeholder content. Ultimately the data will be in a MySQL database, but I don't really care what format the sample data is in (Excel, Word, JSON, etc.).

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• Is true multithreading really necessary?

  - by Jonathan Graef

  So yeah, I'm creating a programming language. And the language allows multiple threads. But, all threads are synchronized with a global interpreter lock, which means only one thread is allowed to execute at a time. The only way to get the threads to switch off is to explicitly tell the current thread to wait, which allows another thread to execute. Parallel processing is of course possible by spawning multiple processes, but the variables and objects in one process cannot be accessed from another. However the language does have a fairly efficient IPC interface for communicating between processes. My question is: Would there ever be a reason to have multiple, unsynchronized threads within a single process (thus circumventing the GIL)? Why not just put thread.wait() statements in key positions in the program logic (presuming thread.wait() isn't a CPU hog, of course)? I understand that certain other languages that use a GIL have processor scheduling issues (cough Python), but they have all been resolved.

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• Creating a layer of abstraction over the ORM layer

  - by Daok

  I believe that if you have your repositories use an ORM that it's already enough abstracted from the database. However, where I am working now, someone believe that we should have a layer that abstract the ORM in case that we would like to change the ORM later. Is it really necessary or it's simply a lot of over head to create a layer that will work on many ORM? Edit Just to give more detail: We have POCO class and Entity Class that are mapped with AutoMapper. Entity class are used by the Repository layer. The repository layer then use the additional layer of abstraction to communicate with Entity Framework. The business layer has in no way a direct access to Entity Framework. Even without the additional layer of abstraction over the ORM, this one need to use the service layer that user the repository layer. In both case, the business layer is totally separated from the ORM. The main argument is to be able to change ORM in the future. Since it's really localized inside the Repository layer, to me, it's already well separated and I do not see why an additional layer of abstraction is required to have a "quality" code.

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• When is a 'core' library a bad idea?

  - by Alex Angas

  When developing software, I often have a centralised 'core' library containing handy code that can be shared and referenced by different projects. Examples: a set of functions to manipulate strings commonly used regular expressions common deployment code However some of my colleagues seem to be turning away from this approach. They have concerns such as the maintenance overhead of retesting code used by many projects once a bug is fixed. Now I'm reconsidering when I should be doing this. What are the issues that make using a 'core' library a bad idea?

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• I'm doing hobby programming; what programming methodologies (e.g. XP, Agile...) do you recommend me to read up on?

  - by Anto

  Most of you would probably just call me a kid (I'm 15). I'm doing hobby programming (I started fiddling around with ActionScript 2.0 in Flash 8 when I was 11, now I do mostly C, Python and Java). As I'm 15, I won't get a job for a long period of time (I'm going to spend years in academia before that) and thus this question is not about which programming methodologies you recommend me to read up on for a software engineering job, but instead which methodologies should a hobby programmer read about? What will a hobby developer learn from reading about your recommendation(s)?

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• New code base, what experiences/recommendations do you have?

  - by hlovdal

  I will later this year start on a project (embedded hardware, C, small company) where I believe that most (if not all) code will be new. So what experiences do you have to share as advice to starting a new code base? What have you been missing in projects that you have been working on? What has worked really well? What has not worked? Let's limit this question to be about things that relate directly to the code (e.g "banning the use of gets()": in scope, version control: border line, build system: out of scope).

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• add height to accordion

  - by Hursh Prasad

  I'd like to know what is the best way to add overall height to the accordion example in the link below. I would like to make the ul sub-menu class taller, I would want the extra space to show as just empty with no list elements. http://vtimbuc.net/gallery/pure-css3-accordion-menu-tutorial/ I think it is possible by adding another tag like a div around the ul, but I am wondering is there an easier CSS way?

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• Does one's native spoken language affect quality of code?

  - by Xepoch

  There is a school of thought in linguistics that problem solving is very much tied to the syntax, semantics, grammar, and flexibility of one's own native spoken language. Working with various international development teams, I can clearly see a mental culture (if you will) in the codebase. Programming language aside, the German coding is quite different from my colleagues in India. As well, code is distinctly different in Middle America as it is in Coastal America (actually, IBM noticed this years ago). Do you notice with your international colleagues (from ANY country) that coding style and problem solving are in-line with native tongues?

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• Jr developer report bug to potential future boss [on hold]

  - by Cryptoforce

  I applied for a Web developer job in Quebec City, and they called me back for a phone interview. Everything went well, it last for over a hours, and at the end they ask me to send code simple and a portfolio, but in my research about the company and their products I found a PHP error(bug) in their app. Should I tell them or I would that make me look like a total jerk and blow my chance for a interview? I know it might sound stupid. As a junior developer I did 2 interviews they didn't go so well. I am very interested in this position part of my question is like a big lack of confidence so to make it short should I tell them about where is the error and how to fix it? Thanks

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• how a pure functional programming language manage without assignment statements?

  - by Gnijuohz

  When reading the famous SICP,I found the authors seem rather reluctant to introduce the assignment statement to Scheme in Chapter 3.I read the text and kind of understand why they feel so. As Scheme is the first functional programming language I ever know something about,I am kind of surprised that there are some functional programming languages(not Scheme of course) can do without assignments. Let use the example the book offers,the bank account example.If there is no assignment statement,how can this be done?How to change the balance variable?I ask so because I know there are some so-called pure functional languages out there and according to the Turing complete theory,this must can be done too. I learned C,Java,Python and use assignments a lot in every program I wrote.So it's really an eye-opening experience.I really hope someone can briefly explain how assignments are avoided in those functional programming languages and what profound impact(if any) it has on these languages. The example mentioned above is here: (define (make-withdraw balance) (lambda (amount) (if (>= balance amount) (begin (set! balance (- balance amount)) balance) "Insufficient funds"))) This changed the balance by set!.To me it looks a lot like a class method to change the class member balance. As I said,I am not familiar with functional programming languages,so if I said something wrong about them,feel free to point out.

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• What are the legal considerations when forking a BSD-licensed project?

  - by Thomas Owens

  I'm interested in forking a project released under a two-clause BSD license: Copyright (c) 2010 {copyright holder} All rights reserved. Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: (1) Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the disclaimer at the end. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. (2) Neither the name of {copyright holder} nor the names of its contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written permission. DISCLAIMER THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. I've never forked a project before, but this project is very similar to something that I need/want. However, I'm not sure how far I'll get, so my plan is to pull the latest from their repository and start working. Maybe, eventually, I'll get it to where I want it, and be able to release it. Is this the right approach? How, exactly, does this impact forking of the project? How do I track who owns what components or sections (what's copyright me, what's copyright the original creators, once I start stomping over their code base)? Can I fork this project? What must I do prior to releasing, and when/if I decide to release the software derived from this BSD-licensed work?

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• Variable declaration versus assignment syntax

  - by rwallace

  Working on a statically typed language with type inference and streamlined syntax, and need to make final decision about syntax for variable declaration versus assignment. Specifically I'm trying to choose between: // Option 1. Create new local variable with :=, assign with = foo := 1 foo = 2 // Option 2. Create new local variable with =, assign with := foo = 1 foo := 2 Creating functions will use = regardless: // Indentation delimits blocks square x = x * x And assignment to compound objects will do likewise: sky.color = blue a[i] = 0 Which of options 1 or 2 would people find most convenient/least surprising/otherwise best?

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• Arguments for a coding standard?

  - by acidzombie24

  A few friends and i are planning to work on a project together and we want a COMPLETELY DIFFERENT coding standard. We do NOT want to use the coding standard the libraries/language uses. Its our project and we want to mess around. So i came here to ask what you guys think are good standards and arguments for it (or what not to do and arguments against it). The styles i remember most are Upper casing the entire word Camel and Pascal casing Using '_' to separate each word pre or postfixing letters or words (i hate m for member but i think IsCond() is a good func name. SomethingException as a postfix example) Using '_' at the start or end of words Brace placement. On a new or same line? I know of libs that use Pascal casing on all public and protected members. But would you ever get confused if something is a func, var or even property if the lang supports it? What about if you decide a public member to be private (or vice versa) wouldnt that great a lot of fix up work or inconsistencies? Is prefixing C to every class a good idea? I ask what do you think and why?

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• Translating error messages from an external API?

  - by Jan Fabry

  If I am localizing a piece of software that uses an external API, how should I handle error messages that originate in this API? I do not control the API, I only consume it. The error responses are not very structured: some contain error codes, some contain verbose details in the text, others almost nothing. Some errors can be fixed by the user (incorrect configuration), some are caused by the external service (server overload), some could be caused by a bug in my software (of course, this would be very unlikely...). I would like to provide a smooth experience to my end-users, so they know what went wrong and what they can do to fix it. What is the best strategy to use here? (This is a generalization of a question from the WordPress Stack Exchange. I thought it would be worth re-asking here, because it is not limited to WordPress plugins.)

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• Does the use of mongodb enhance extending/changing database driven applications?

  - by developer10214

  When an application is created which need to store data, an SQL database is used very often. So did I in a lot of asp.net applications. The resulting applications have often an ORM like the entity framework and maybe a business layer. So when such an application needs to be extended(let's say you have to add a comment property to an object), you have to change/extend the database, then the ORM and the business layer and so on. To deploy the changes you have to update the target database and the application. I know that things like code first and fluent can make this approach easier. I tried mongodb, I only used the standard driver and I had to extend some objects and all I had to do was changing the code. So it feels that such approaches are much easier to realize when using mongodb. I don't have much experience with larger applications an mongodb. I know that a SQL database or mongodb doesn't fit for all needs and both have their pros and cons. I want to know if my feeling is right, if yes I would choose rather choose mongodb than SQL database.

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• Why is it java code indented as BSD KNF Style and C C++ code indented as Allman or BSD style?

  - by Caffeine

  I do understand that coding convention is a matter of preference, and that different coding conventions have different subtle advantages or shortcomings, and depending on what one wants, one should choose his/her style. But why is usually Java written where the opening brace is on the same line as the function definition of control statement, and in C or C++ the curly braces have a line of their own? BSD KNF style if (data != NULL && res > 0) { if (JS_DefineProperty(cx, o, "data", STRING_TO_JSVAL(JS_NewStringCopyN(cx, data, res)), NULL, NULL, JSPROP_ENUMERATE) != 0) { QUEUE_EXCEPTION("Internal error!"); goto err; } PQfreemem(data); } else { if (JS_DefineProperty(cx, o, "data", OBJECT_TO_JSVAL(NULL), NULL, NULL, JSPROP_ENUMERATE) != 0) { QUEUE_EXCEPTION("Internal error!"); goto err; } } Allman or BSD Style if (x == y) { something(); somethingelse(); } Courtesy: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indent_style

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• how to process document state transition?

  - by brick

  Imagine there is an application (ASP.NET MVC) that processes some documents. The document must be revised several times by different group of users. state/role rules: simple user can only publish document; (priority: low) userGroup1 can switch it to next state or reject it; (priority: higher) userGroup2 can confirm previous state and switch it to next gradual state or reject it; (priority: highest) How to implement such a workflow in ASP.NET MVC? How to impelement UI, views so that group with lower priority can both visually/technically perform only allowed transitions? Can I somehow extend that system: link? Do I need extras like service bus, event sourcing for that?

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