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  • C# immutable object usage best practices? Should I be using them as much as possible?

    - by Daniel
    Say I have a simple object such as class Something { public int SomeInt { get; set; } } I have read that using immutable objects are faster and a better means of using business objects? If this is so, should i strive to make all my objects as such: class ImmutableSomething { public int SomeInt { get { return m_someInt; } } private int m_someInt = 0; public void ChangeSomeInt(int newValue) { m_someInt = newvalue; } } What do you reckon?

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  • Java: Best practices for turning foreign horror-code into clean API...?

    - by java.is.for.desktop
    Hello, everyone! I have a project (related to graph algorithms). It is written by someone else. The code is horrible: public fields, no getters/setters huge methods, all public some classes have over 20 fields some classes have over 5 constructors (which are also huge) some of those constructors just left many fields null (so I can't make some fields final, because then every second constructor signals errors) methods and classes rely on each other in both directions I have to rewrite this into a clean and understandable API. Problem is: I myself don't understand anything in this code. Please give me hints on analyzing and understanding such code. I was thinking, perhaps, there are tools which perform static code analysis and give me call graphs and things like this.

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  • Git-Based Source Control in the Enterprise: Suggested Tools and Practices?

    - by Bob Murphy
    I use git for personal projects and think it's great. It's fast, flexible, powerful, and works great for remote development. But now it's mandated at work and, frankly, we're having problems. Out of the box, git doesn't seem to work well for centralized development in a large (20+ developer) organization with developers of varying abilities and levels of git sophistication - especially compared with other source-control systems like Perforce or Subversion, which are aimed at that kind of environment. (Yes, I know, Linus never intended it for that.) But - for political reasons - we're stuck with git, even if it sucks for what we're trying to do with it. Here are some of the things we're seeing: The GUI tools aren't mature Using the command line tools, it's far to easy to screw up a merge and obliterate someone else's changes It doesn't offer per-user repository permissions beyond global read-only or read-write privileges If you have a permission to ANY part of a repository, you can do that same thing to EVERY part of the repository, so you can't do something like make a small-group tracking branch on the central server that other people can't mess with. Workflows other than "anything goes" or "benevolent dictator" are hard to encourage, let alone enforce It's not clear whether it's better to use a single big repository (which lets everybody mess with everything) or lots of per-component repositories (which make for headaches trying to synchronize versions). With multiple repositories, it's also not clear how to replicate all the sources someone else has by pulling from the central repository, or to do something like get everything as of 4:30 yesterday afternoon. However, I've heard that people are using git successfully in large development organizations. If you're in that situation - or if you generally have tools, tips and tricks for making it easier and more productive to use git in a large organization where some folks are not command line fans - I'd love to hear what you have to suggest. BTW, I've asked a version of this question already on LinkedIn, and got no real answers but lots of "gosh, I'd love to know that too!"

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  • Best practices regarding equals: to overload or not to overload?

    - by polygenelubricants
    Consider the following snippet: import java.util.*; public class EqualsOverload { public static void main(String[] args) { class Thing { final int x; Thing(int x) { this.x = x; } public int hashCode() { return x; } public boolean equals(Thing other) { return this.x == other.x; } } List<Thing> myThings = Arrays.asList(new Thing(42)); System.out.println(myThings.contains(new Thing(42))); // prints "false" } } Note that contains returns false!!! We seems to have lost our things!! The bug, of course, is the fact that we've accidentally overloaded, instead of overridden, Object.equals(Object). If we had written class Thing as follows instead, then contains returns true as expected. class Thing { final int x; Thing(int x) { this.x = x; } public int hashCode() { return x; } @Override public boolean equals(Object o) { return (o instanceof Thing) && (this.x == ((Thing) o).x); } } Effective Java 2nd Edition, Item 36: Consistently use the Override annotation, uses essentially the same argument to recommend that @Override should be used consistently. This advice is good, of course, for if we had tried to declare @Override equals(Thing other) in the first snippet, our friendly little compiler would immediately point out our silly little mistake, since it's an overload, not an override. What the book doesn't specifically cover, however, is whether overloading equals is a good idea to begin with. Essentially, there are 3 situations: Overload only, no override -- ALMOST CERTAINLY WRONG! This is essentially the first snippet above Override only (no overload) -- one way to fix This is essentially the second snippet above Overload and override combo -- another way to fix The 3rd situation is illustrated by the following snippet: class Thing { final int x; Thing(int x) { this.x = x; } public int hashCode() { return x; } public boolean equals(Thing other) { return this.x == other.x; } @Override public boolean equals(Object o) { return (o instanceof Thing) && (this.equals((Thing) o)); } } Here, even though we now have 2 equals method, there is still one equality logic, and it's located in the overload. The @Override simply delegates to the overload. So the questions are: What are the pros and cons of "override only" vs "overload & override combo"? Is there a justification for overloading equals, or is this almost certainly a bad practice?

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  • Best practices, PHP, tracking millions of impressions per day.

    - by John
    What do I have to do to make 20k mysql inserts per second possible (during peak hours around 1k/sec during slower times)? I've been doing some research and I've seen the "INSERT DELAYED" suggestion, writing to a flat file, "fopen(file,'a')", and then running a chron job to dump the "needed" data into mysql, etc. I've also heard you need multiple servers and "load balancers" which I've never heard of, to make something like this work. I've also been looking at these "cloud server" thing-a-ma-jigs, and their automatic scalability, but not sure about what's actually scalable. The application is just a tracker script, so if I have 100 websites that get 3 million page loads a day, there will be around 300 million inserts a day. The data will be ran through a script that will run every 15-30 minutes which will normalize the data and insert it into another mysql table. How do the big dogs do it? How do the little dogs do it? I can't afford a huge server anymore so any intuitive ways, if there are multiple ways of going at it, you smart people can think of.. please let me know :)

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  • What are the best practices for storing PHP session data in a database?

    - by undefined
    I have developed a web application that uses a web server and database hosted by a web host (on the ground) and a server running on Amazon Web Services EC2. Both servers may be used by a user during a session and both will need to know some session information about a user. I don't want to POST the information that is needed by both servers because I dont want it to be visible to browsers / Firebug etc. So I need my session data to persist across servers. And I think that this means that the best option is to store all / some of the data that I need in the database rather than in a session. The easiest thing to do seems to be to keep the sessions but to POST the session_id between servers and use this as the key to lookup the data I need from a 'user_session_data' table in the database. I have looked at Tony Marston's article "Saving PHP Session Data to a database" - should I use this or will a table with the session data that I need and session_id as key suffice? What would be the downside of creating my own table and set of methods for storing the data I need in the database?

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  • What are the best practices for unit testing properties with code in the setter?

    - by nportelli
    I'm fairly new to unit testing and we are actually attempting to use it on a project. There is a property like this. public TimeSpan CountDown { get { return _countDown; } set { long fraction = value.Ticks % 10000000; value -= TimeSpan.FromTicks(fraction); if(fraction > 5000000) value += TimeSpan.FromSeconds(1); if(_countDown != value) { _countDown = value; NotifyChanged("CountDown"); } } } My test looks like this. [TestMethod] public void CountDownTest_GetSet_PropChangedShouldFire() { ManualRafflePresenter target = new ManualRafflePresenter(); bool fired = false; string name = null; target.PropertyChanged += new PropertyChangedEventHandler((o, a) => { fired = true; name = a.PropertyName; }); TimeSpan expected = new TimeSpan(0, 1, 25); TimeSpan actual; target.CountDown = expected; actual = target.CountDown; Assert.AreEqual(expected, actual); Assert.IsTrue(fired); Assert.AreEqual("CountDown", name); } The question is how do I test the code in the setter? Do I break it out into a method? If I do it would probably be private since no one else needs to use this. But they say not to test private methods. Do make a class if this is the only case? would two uses of this code make a class worthwhile? What is wrong with this code from a design standpoint. What is correct?

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  • DataSet size best practices - are there any general rules?

    - by Galwegian
    I'm working on a desktop application that will produce several in-memory datasets as an intermediary before being committed to a database. Obviously I'm going to try to keep the size of these to a minimum, but are there any guidelines on thresholds I shouldn't cross for good functionality on an 'average' machine? Thanks for any help.

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  • Best practices for QA / testing in an Agile (Scrum+XP) team?

    - by Srirangan
    Hey guys, We're getting a QA for the first time in our project. We're not sure how to best use him. We work in an Agile environment. Pair programming, user stories, short sprints (two weeks), daily stand-ups, retrospectives, planning meetings, quick releases etc. One obviously way to use a tester is to verify bugs fixes and user stories every sprint. Are there any better ways for an Agile team to utilize a tester. Thanks, Sri

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  • .NET immutable object usage best practices? Should I be using them as much as possible?

    - by Daniel
    Say I have a simple object such as class Something { public int SomeInt { get; set; } } I have read that using immutable objects are faster and a better means of using business objects? If this is so, should i strive to make all my objects as such: class ImmutableSomething { public int SomeInt { get { return m_someInt; } } private int m_someInt = 0; public void ChangeSomeInt(int newValue) { m_someInt = newvalue; } } What do you reckon?

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  • What are the standard practices for throwing Javascript Exceptions?

    - by T.R.
    w3schools says that exceptions can be strings, integers, booleans, or objects, but the example given doesn't strike me as good practice, since exception type checking is done through string comparison. Is this the preferred method of exception handling in Javascript? Are there built-in exception types (like NullPointerException)? (if so, what are they, what kind of inheritance do they use, and are they preferred over other options?)

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  • Separating code logic from the actual data structures. Best practices?

    - by Patrick
    I have an application that loads lots of data into memory (this is because it needs to perform some mathematical simulation on big data sets). This data comes from several database tables, that all refer to each other. The consistency rules on the data are rather complex, and looking up all the relevant data requires quite some hashes and other additional data structures on the data. Problem is that this data may also be changed interactively by the user in a dialog. When the user presses the OK button, I want to perform all the checks to see that he didn't introduce inconsistencies in the data. In practice all the data needs to be checked at once, so I cannot update my data set incrementally and perform the checks one by one. However, all the checking code work on the actual data set loaded in memory, and use the hashing and other data structures. This means I have to do the following: Take the user's changes from the dialog Apply them to the big data set Perform the checks on the big data set Undo all the changes if the checks fail I don't like this solution since other threads are also continuously using the data set, and I don't want to halt them while performing the checks. Also, the undo means that the old situation needs to be put aside, which is also not possible. An alternative is to separate the checking code from the data set (and let it work on explicitly given data, e.g. coming from the dialog) but this means that the checking code cannot use hashing and other additional data structures, because they only work on the big data set, making the checks much slower. What is a good practice to check user's changes on complex data before applying them to the 'application's' data set?

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  • What are the standard practices for throwing JavasScript Exceptions?

    - by T.R.
    w3schools says that exceptions can be strings, integers, booleans, or objects, but the example given doesn't strike me as good practice, since exception type checking is done through string comparison. Is this the preferred method of exception handling in JavaScript? Are there built-in exception types (like NullPointerException)? (if so, what are they, what kind of inheritance do they use, and are they preferred over other options?)

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  • SQL SERVER – Activity Monitor and Performance Issue

    - by pinaldave
    We had wonderful SQLAuthority News – Community Tech Days – December 11, 2010 event yesterday. After the event, we had meeting among Jacob Sebastian, Vinod Kumar, Rushabh Mehta and myself. We all were sharing our experience about performance tuning consultations. During the conversation, Jacob has shared wonderful story of his recent observation. The story is very small but the moral of the story is very important. The story is about a client, who had continuously performance issues. Client used Activity Monitor (Read More: SQL SERVER – 2008 – Location of Activity Monitor – Where is SQL Serve Activity Monitor Located) to check the performance issues. The pattern of the performance issues was very much common all the time. Every time, after a while the computer stopped responding. After doing in-depth performance analysis, Jacob realized that client once opened activity monitor never closed it. The same activity monitor itself is very expensive process. The tool, which helped to debug the performance issues, also helped (negatively) to bring down the server. After closing the activity monitor which was open for long time, the server did not have performance issues. Moral of the story: Activity Monitor is great tool but use it with care and close it when not needed. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: Best Practices, Pinal Dave, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Optimization, SQL Performance, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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  • SQL SERVER – Where Can YOU Get My Books – SQL Server Interview Question and Answers

    - by pinaldave
    Earlier month I released by third book SQL Server Interview Question and Answers. The focus of this book is ‘master the basics’. If you rate yourself 10 out of 10 in SQL Server – this book is not for you but if you want to learn fundamentals or want to refresh your fundamentals this book is for YOU. Earlier I was overwhelmed by love you all have shown to this book on release date leading our three digit inventory to run out of stock. Read detail blog post about the subject over here A Real Story of Book Getting ‘Out of Stock’ to A 25% Discount Story Available. Well, we learn the lesson from the experience and have made sure that the inventory does not run out any more. Since then we are now available on multiple outlets. Pretty much anywhere in USA and India the book is available. Additionally, where ever Amazon ships internationally. I have created dedicated page where I have listed where one can avail this book from Details of SQL Server Interview Question and Answers. Even though I keep on getting common question like – where one can get this book. You can get this book from: USA: Amazon India: Flipkart | IndiaPlaza | Crossword In India now you can walk into any crossword store and ask this book, if they do not have it, you can ask them get one for you. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: Best Practices, Pinal Dave, PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Documentation, SQL Download, SQL Interview Questions and Answers, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, SQLAuthority Author Visit, SQLAuthority Book Review, SQLAuthority News, T SQL, Technology

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  • How to evaluate the quality of Rails code?

    - by Fortuity
    In a code review, what do you look for to assess a developer's expertise? Given an opportunity to look at a developer's work on a real-world project, what tell-tale signs are a tip-off to carelessness or lack of experience? Conversely, where do you look in the code to find evidence of a developer's skill or knowledge of best practices? For example, if I'm looking at a typical Rails app, I would be happy to see the developer is using RSpec (showing a commitment to using test-driven development and knowledge that RSpec is currently more popular than the default TestUnit). But in examining the specs for a Rails model, I see that the developer is testing associations, which might indicate a lack of real understanding of Rails testing requirements (since such tests are redundant given that they only test what's already implemented and tested in ActiveRecord). More generally, I might look to see if developers are writing their own implementations versus using widely available gems or if they are cleaning up code versus leaving lots of commented-out "leftovers." What helps you determine the skill of a Rails developer? What's your code quality checklist?

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  • What steps should I follow to start developing website applications?

    - by Oscar Mederos
    Hello, I've been developing desktop applications for about 4 years, using .NET, C++, C, and a little of Python. I've covered lots of topics while developing my applications, and even web technologies (cookies, GET/POST methods, when programming some scrapers/crawlers). I've been always waiting to start developing websites, preferably using PHP + MySQL, although other advises will be welcomed to make this question more useful and generic for others. I know I could use a CMS instead of starting from scratch, but sometimes I don't need an entire CMS to do minor things... What steps should I follow to create a website? Let's suppose I have a web designer. First of all, the designer designs the entire website (CSS, etc) and then I do the programming stuffs, like loading dynamically things from databases, doing some client-side stuffs with javascript, etc? Or how is the best way to do it? Edit: I'm not looking for tools/frameworks/languages suggestions. What I want to know is how a team (or a developer with a designer) starts creating a website. The steps they do, what tasks they do first, how they integrate the work, etc. An example of an answer could be: 1) Design the entire website with good CSS practices, using containers instead of tables in some cases, etc. 2) Use that design and develop the logic or the functionalities of the website. Of course, that's just an example. I'm looking for a good way to approach it, because I've been wanting to start on it but don't really know how exactly to organize the job :/

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  • What is the best way to work with large databases in Java depending on context?

    - by Singletony
    Hi guys. We are trying to figure out the best practice for working with very large DBs in Java. What we do is a kind of BI, i.e analyzing very large DBs, and using them to create intermediate DBs that represent intelligent knowledge of the DBs. We are currently using JDBC, and just preforming queries using a ResultSet. As more and more data is being created, we are wondering whether more appropriate ways exist for parsing and manipulating these large DBs: We need to support 'chunk' manipulation and not an entire DB at once(e.g. limit in JDBC, very poor performance) We do not need to be constantly connected since we are just pulling results and creating new tables of our own. We want to understand JDBC alternatives, with respect to advantages and disadvantages. Whether you think JDBC is the way to go or not, what are the best practices to go by depending on context (e.g. for large DBs queried in chunks) ? If my question is not clear, I will gladly elaborate! THANK YOU SO MUCH!

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  • Is there a pattern or best practice for passing a reference type to multiple classes vs a static class?

    - by Dave
    My .NET application creates HTML files, and as such, the structure looks like variable myData BuildHomePage() variable graph = new BuildGraphPage(myData) variable table = BuildTablePage(myData) BuildGraphPage and BuildTablePage both require access data, the myData object. In the above example, I've passed the myData object to 2 constructors. This is what I'm doing now, in my current project. The myData object, and it's properties are all readonly. The problem is, the number of pages which will require this object has grown. In the real project, there are currently 4, but the new spec is to have about 20. Passing this object to the constructor of each new object and assigning it to a field is a little time consuming, but not a hardship! This poses the question whether it's better practice to continue as I have, or to refactor and create a new static class for myData which can be referenced from any where in my project. I guess my abilities to use Google are poor, because I did try and find an appropriate pattern as I am sure this type of design must be common place but my results returned nothing. Is there a pattern which is suited, or do best practices lean towards one implementation over another.

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