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• iphone Dev - activity indicator with NSThread not working on Nav controller table view

  - by Frames84

  I really can't get this to work, basically when my JSON feeds loads I want the indicator to show, then hide when it's stopped. It loads top level menu items 1st "Publishing, Broadcasting, Marketing Services", then when Broadcasting is selected it loads a feed using the JSON framework hosted on Google. Round this load I call startIndicator and stopIndicator using the NSThread. Have I missed something? @implementation GeneralNewsTableViewController @synthesize dataList; @synthesize generalNewsDetailViewController; @synthesize atLevel; -(void) startIndicator { NSAutoreleasePool *pool = [[NSAutoreleasePool alloc ] init ]; [(UIActivityIndicatorView *)[self navigationItem].rightBarButtonItem.customView startAnimating]; [pool release]; } -(void) stopIndicator { NSAutoreleasePool *pool = [[NSAutoreleasePool alloc ] init ]; [(UIActivityIndicatorView *)[self navigationItem].rightBarButtonItem.customView stopAnimating]; [pool release]; } - (void)viewDidLoad { NSMutableArray *checker = self.dataList; if(checker == nil) { self.title = NSLocalizedString(@"General1",@"General News"); NSMutableArray *array = [[NSArray alloc] initWithObjects:@"Publishing", @"Broadcasting",@"Marketing Services",nil]; self.dataList = [array retain]; self.atLevel = @"level1"; [array release]; } UIActivityIndicatorView * activityIndicator = [[UIActivityIndicatorView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 20, 20)]; //set the initial property [activityIndicator stopAnimating]; [activityIndicator hidesWhenStopped]; //Create an instance of Bar button item with custome view which is of activity indicator UIBarButtonItem * barButton = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithCustomView:activityIndicator]; //Set the bar button the navigation bar [self navigationItem].rightBarButtonItem = barButton; //Memory clean up [activityIndicator release]; [barButton release]; [super viewDidLoad]; } - (CGFloat)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView heightForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath { NSString *level = self.atLevel; if([level isEqualToString:@"level2"]) { return 70.0f; } else { return 40.0f; } } - (UITableViewCell *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView cellForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath { static NSString *FirstLevelCell = @"FirstLevelCell"; UITableViewCell *cell = [tableView dequeueReusableCellWithIdentifier:FirstLevelCell]; if(cell == nil) { cell = [[[UITableViewCell alloc] initWithStyle:UITableViewCellStyleSubtitle reuseIdentifier:FirstLevelCell] autorelease]; } NSInteger row = [indexPath row]; NSString *level = self.atLevel; if([level isEqualToString:@"level2"]) { NSMutableArray *stream = [self.dataList objectAtIndex:row]; NSString *newsTitle = [stream valueForKey:@"title"]; if( ![newsTitle isKindOfClass:[NSString class]] ) { cell.textLabel.text = @""; } else { cell.textLabel.text = [stream valueForKey:@"title"]; } cell.textLabel.numberOfLines = 2; cell.textLabel.font =[UIFont systemFontOfSize:10]; cell.detailTextLabel.numberOfLines = 1; cell.detailTextLabel.font= [UIFont systemFontOfSize:8]; cell.detailTextLabel.text = [stream valueForKey:@"created"]; NSData *imageURL = [[NSData alloc] initWithContentsOfURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://www.how-do.co.uk/images/stories/Cimex.jpg"]]; UIImage *newsImage = [[UIImage alloc] initWithData:imageURL]; cell.imageView.image = newsImage; [imageURL release]; [newsImage release]; } else { cell.textLabel.text = [dataList objectAtIndex:row]; } return cell; } - (void) tableView:(UITableView *)tableView didSelectRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath { NSUInteger row = [indexPath row]; NSMutableString *levelType = (NSMutableString *) [dataList objectAtIndex:row]; if(![levelType isKindOfClass:[NSString class]]) { if(self.generalNewsDetailViewController == nil) { GeneralNewsDetailViewController *generalDetail = [[GeneralNewsDetailViewController alloc] initWithNibName:@"GeneralNewsDetailView" bundle:nil]; self.generalNewsDetailViewController = generalDetail; [generalDetail release]; } NSDictionary *stream = [self.dataList objectAtIndex:row]; NSString *newsTitle = [stream valueForKey:@"title"]; if( ![newsTitle isKindOfClass:[NSString class]] ) { generalNewsDetailViewController.newsTitle = @""; } else { generalNewsDetailViewController.newsTitle =[stream valueForKey:@"title"]; } generalNewsDetailViewController.newsId = [stream valueForKey:@"id"]; generalNewsDetailViewController.fullText = [stream valueForKey:@"fulltext"]; generalNewsDetailViewController.newsImage = [stream valueForKey:@"images"]; generalNewsDetailViewController.created = [stream valueForKey:@"created"]; HowDo_v1AppDelegate *delegate = [[UIApplication sharedApplication] delegate]; [delegate.generalNewsNavController pushViewController:self.generalNewsDetailViewController animated:YES]; } else { GeneralNewsTableViewController *generalSubDetail = [[GeneralNewsTableViewController alloc] initWithNibName:@"GeneralNewsTableView" bundle:nil]; NSMutableArray *array; NSString *titleSelected = (NSString *) [dataList objectAtIndex:row]; if([titleSelected isEqualToString:@"Publishing"]) { generalSubDetail.title = @"Publishing news detail"; array = [[NSArray alloc] initWithObjects:@"pub News1", @"pub News2",@"pub News3",nil]; generalSubDetail.atLevel = @"level1"; } else if ([titleSelected isEqualToString:@"Broadcasting"]) { generalSubDetail.title = @"Broadcasting news detail"; /// START [self performSelectorOnMainThread:@selector(startIndicator) withObject:nil waitUntilDone:YES]; if(jSONDataAccessWrapper == nil) { jSONDataAccessWrapper = [JSON_DataAccess_Wrapper alloc]; } array = [jSONDataAccessWrapper downloadJSONFeed]; [self performSelectorOnMainThread:@selector(stopIndicator) withObject:nil waitUntilDone:YES]; generalSubDetail.atLevel = @"level2"; } else if ([titleSelected isEqualToString:@"Marketing Services"]) { generalSubDetail.title = @"Marketing Services news detail"; array = [[NSArray alloc] initWithObjects:@"Marketing News1", @"Marketing News2",@"Marketing News3",nil]; generalSubDetail.atLevel = @"level1"; } generalSubDetail.dataList = array; [self.navigationController pushViewController:generalSubDetail animated:YES]; [titleSelected release]; } } - (NSInteger)tableView:(UITableView *)table numberOfRowsInSection:(NSInteger)section //- (NSInteger) tableView:(UITableView *)tableView numberOfRowsInSection:(NSIndexPath *) section { return [self.dataList count]; } Cheers for any feedback Frames

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• Exception while exposing a bean in webservice using spring mvc

  - by Ajay

  Hi, I am using Spring 3.0.5.Release MVC for exposing a webservice and below is my servlet.xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd"> <!-- To enable @RequestMapping process on type level and method level --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.pyramid.qls.progressReporter.service" /> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping" /> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter"> <property name="messageConverters"> <list> <ref bean="marshallingConverter" /> <ref bean="atomConverter" /> <ref bean="jsonConverter" /> </list> </property> </bean> <bean id="marshallingConverter" class="org.springframework.http.converter.xml.MarshallingHttpMessageConverter"> <constructor-arg ref="jaxbMarshaller" /> <property name="supportedMediaTypes" value="application/xml"/> </bean> <bean id="atomConverter" class="org.springframework.http.converter.feed.AtomFeedHttpMessageConverter"> <property name="supportedMediaTypes" value="application/atom+xml" /> </bean> <bean id="jsonConverter" class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter"> <property name="supportedMediaTypes" value="application/json" /> </bean> <!-- Client --> <bean id="restTemplate" class="org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate"> <property name="messageConverters"> <list> <ref bean="marshallingConverter" /> <ref bean="atomConverter" /> <ref bean="jsonConverter" /> </list> </property> </bean> <bean id="jaxbMarshaller" class="org.springframework.oxm.jaxb.Jaxb2Marshaller"> <property name="classesToBeBound"> <list> <value>com.pyramid.qls.progressReporter.impl.BatchProgressMetricsImpl</value> <value>com.pyramid.qls.progressReporter.datatype.InstrumentStats</value> <value>com.pyramid.qls.progressReporter.datatype.InstrumentInfo</value> <value>com.pyramid.qls.progressReporter.datatype.LoadOnConsumer</value> <value>com.pyramid.qls.progressReporter.datatype.HighLevelTaskStats</value> <value>com.pyramid.qls.progressReporter.datatype.SessionStats</value> <value>com.pyramid.qls.progressReporter.datatype.TaskStats</value> <value>com.pyramid.qls.progressReporter.datatype.ComputeStats</value> <value>com.pyramid.qls.progressReporter.datatype.DetailedInstrumentStats</value> <value>com.pyramid.qls.progressReporter.datatype.ImntHistoricalStats</value> </list> </property> </bean> <bean id="QPRXmlView" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.xml.MarshallingView"> <constructor-arg ref="jaxbMarshaller" /> </bean> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.ContentNegotiatingViewResolver"> <property name="mediaTypes"> <map> <entry key="xml" value="application/xml"/> <entry key="html" value="text/html"/> </map> </property> <property name="viewResolvers"> <list> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.BeanNameViewResolver"/> <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.UrlBasedViewResolver"> <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/> </bean> </list> </property> </bean> <bean id="QPRController" class="com.pyramid.qls.progressReporter.service.QPRController"> <property name="jaxb2Mashaller" ref="jaxbMarshaller" /> </bean> </beans> Following is what i am doing in controller (QPRController) @RequestMapping(value = "/clientMetrics/{clientId}", method = RequestMethod.GET) public ModelAndView getBatchProgressMetrics(@PathVariable String clientId) { List<BatchProgressMetrics> batchProgressMetricsList = null; batchProgressMetricsList = batchProgressReporter.getBatchProgressMetricsForClient(clientId); ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView("QPRXmlView", BindingResult.MODEL_KEY_PREFIX + "batchProgressMetrics", batchProgressMetricsList); return mav; } And i get the following: SEVERE: Servlet.service() for servlet rest threw exception javax.servlet.ServletException: Unable to locate object to be marshalled in model: {org.springframework.validation.BindingResult.batchProgressMetrics= Note that BatchProgressMetrics is an interface so my MAV is returning list of BatchProgressMetrics objects and i have entry for its impl in classes to be bound in servlet.xml. Can you please help me as to what i am doing wrong. And yes if i send just batchProgressMetricsList.get(0) in MAV it just works fine.

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• Accessing a Service from within an XNA Content Pipeline Extension

  - by David Wallace

  I need to allow my content pipeline extension to use a pattern similar to a factory. I start with a dictionary type: public delegate T Mapper<T>(MapFactory<T> mf, XElement d); public class MapFactory<T> { Dictionary<string, Mapper<T>> map = new Dictionary<string, Mapper<T>>(); public void Add(string s, Mapper<T> m) { map.Add(s, m); } public T Get(XElement xe) { if (xe == null) throw new ArgumentNullException( "Invalid document"); var key = xe.Name.ToString(); if (!map.ContainsKey(key)) throw new ArgumentException( key + " is not a valid key."); return map[key](this, xe); } public IEnumerable<T> GetAll(XElement xe) { if (xe == null) throw new ArgumentNullException( "Invalid document"); foreach (var e in xe.Elements()) { var val = e.Name.ToString(); if (map.ContainsKey(val)) yield return map[val](this, e); } } } Here is one type of object I want to store: public partial class TestContent { // Test type public string title; // Once test if true public bool once; // Parameters public Dictionary<string, object> args; public TestContent() { title = string.Empty; args = new Dictionary<string, object>(); } public TestContent(XElement xe) { title = xe.Name.ToString(); args = new Dictionary<string, object>(); xe.ParseAttribute("once", once); } } XElement.ParseAttribute is an extension method that works as one might expect. It returns a boolean that is true if successful. The issue is that I have many different types of tests, each of which populates the object in a way unique to the specific test. The element name is the key to MapFactory's dictionary. This type of test, while atypical, illustrates my problem. public class LogicTest : TestBase { string opkey; List<TestBase> items; public override bool Test(BehaviorArgs args) { if (items == null) return false; if (items.Count == 0) return false; bool result = items[0].Test(args); for (int i = 1; i < items.Count; i++) { bool other = items[i].Test(args); switch (opkey) { case "And": result &= other; if (!result) return false; break; case "Or": result |= other; if (result) return true; break; case "Xor": result ^= other; break; case "Nand": result = !(result & other); break; case "Nor": result = !(result | other); break; default: result = false; break; } } return result; } public static TestContent Build(MapFactory<TestContent> mf, XElement xe) { var result = new TestContent(xe); string key = "Or"; xe.GetAttribute("op", key); result.args.Add("key", key); var names = mf.GetAll(xe).ToList(); if (names.Count() < 2) throw new ArgumentException( "LogicTest requires at least two entries."); result.args.Add("items", names); return result; } } My actual code is more involved as the factory has two dictionaries, one that turns an XElement into a content type to write and another used by the reader to create the actual game objects. I need to build these factories in code because they map strings to delegates. I have a service that contains several of these factories. The mission is to make these factory classes available to a content processor. Neither the processor itself nor the context it uses as a parameter have any known hooks to attach an IServiceProvider or equivalent. Any ideas?

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• Exception on ExecuteReader() using OleDbCommand and Access

  - by Shane Fagan

  Hi again all, I'm getting the error below for this SQL statement in VB.Net 'Fill in the datagrid with the info needed from the accdb file 'to make it simple to access the db connstring = "Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;Data " connstring += "Source=" & Application.StartupPath & "\AuctioneerSystem.accdb" 'make the new connection conn = New System.Data.OleDb.OleDbConnection(connstring) 'the sql command SQLString = "SELECT AllPropertyDetails.PropertyID, Street, Town, County, Acres, Quotas, ResidenceDetails, Status, HighestBid, AskingPrice FROM AllPropertyDetails " SQLString += "INNER JOIN Land ON AllPropertyDetails.PropertyID = Land.PropertyID " SQLString += "WHERE Deleted = False " If PriceRadioButton.Checked = True Then SQLString += "ORDER BY AskingPrice ASC" ElseIf AcresRadioButton.Checked = True Then SQLString += "ORDER BY Acres ASC" End If 'try to open the connection conn.Open() 'if the connection is open If ConnectionState.Open.ToString = "Open" Then 'use the sqlstring and conn to create the command cmd = New System.Data.OleDb.OleDbCommand(SQLString, conn) 'read the db and put it into dr dr = cmd.ExecuteReader If dr.HasRows Then 'if there is rows in the db then make sure the list box is clear 'clear the rows and columns if there is rows in the data grid LandDataGridView.Rows.Clear() LandDataGridView.Columns.Clear() 'add the columns LandDataGridView.Columns.Add("PropertyNumber", "Property Number") LandDataGridView.Columns.Add("Address", "Address") LandDataGridView.Columns.Add("Acres", "No. of Acres") LandDataGridView.Columns.Add("Quotas", "Quotas") LandDataGridView.Columns.Add("Details", "Residence Details") LandDataGridView.Columns.Add("Status", "Status") LandDataGridView.Columns.Add("HighestBid", "Highest Bid") LandDataGridView.Columns.Add("Price", "Asking Price") While dr.Read 'output the fields into the data grid LandDataGridView.Rows.Add( _ dr.Item("PropertyID").ToString _ , dr.Item("Street").ToString & " " & dr.Item("Town").ToString & ", " & dr.Item("County").ToString _ , dr.Item("Acres").ToString _ , dr.Item("Quota").ToString _ , dr.Item("ResidenceDetails").ToString _ , dr.Item("Status").ToString _ , dr.Item("HighestBid").ToString _ , dr.Item("AskingPrice").ToString) End While End If 'close the data reader dr.Close() End If 'close the connection conn.Close() Any ideas why its not working? The fields in the DB and the table names seem ok but its not working :/ The tables are AllPropertyDetails ProperyID:Number Street: text Town: text County: text Status: text HighestBid: Currency AskingPrice: Currency Deleted: Boolean Land PropertyID: Number Acres: Number Quotas: Text ResidenceDetails: text error is: System.InvalidOperationException was unhandled Message="An error occurred creating the form. See Exception.InnerException for details. The error is: No value given for one or more required parameters." Source="AuctioneerProject" StackTrace: at AuctioneerProject.My.MyProject.MyForms.Create__Instance__[T](T Instance) in 17d14f5c-a337-4978-8281-53493378c1071.vb:line 190 at AuctioneerProject.My.MyProject.MyForms.get_LandReport() at AuctioneerProject.ReportsMenu.LandButton_Click(Object sender, EventArgs e) in C:\Users\admin\Desktop\Auctioneers\AuctioneerProject\AuctioneerProject\ReportsMenu.vb:line 4 at System.Windows.Forms.Control.OnClick(EventArgs e) at System.Windows.Forms.Button.OnClick(EventArgs e) at System.Windows.Forms.Button.OnMouseUp(MouseEventArgs mevent) at System.Windows.Forms.Control.WmMouseUp(Message& m, MouseButtons button, Int32 clicks) at System.Windows.Forms.Control.WndProc(Message& m) at System.Windows.Forms.ButtonBase.WndProc(Message& m) at System.Windows.Forms.Button.WndProc(Message& m) at System.Windows.Forms.Control.ControlNativeWindow.OnMessage(Message& m) at System.Windows.Forms.Control.ControlNativeWindow.WndProc(Message& m) at System.Windows.Forms.NativeWindow.DebuggableCallback(IntPtr hWnd, Int32 msg, IntPtr wparam, IntPtr lparam) at System.Windows.Forms.UnsafeNativeMethods.DispatchMessageW(MSG& msg) at System.Windows.Forms.Application.ComponentManager.System.Windows.Forms.UnsafeNativeMethods.IMsoComponentManager.FPushMessageLoop(Int32 dwComponentID, Int32 reason, Int32 pvLoopData) at System.Windows.Forms.Application.ThreadContext.RunMessageLoopInner(Int32 reason, ApplicationContext context) at System.Windows.Forms.Application.ThreadContext.RunMessageLoop(Int32 reason, ApplicationContext context) at System.Windows.Forms.Application.Run(ApplicationContext context) at Microsoft.VisualBasic.ApplicationServices.WindowsFormsApplicationBase.OnRun() at Microsoft.VisualBasic.ApplicationServices.WindowsFormsApplicationBase.DoApplicationModel() at Microsoft.VisualBasic.ApplicationServices.WindowsFormsApplicationBase.Run(String[] commandLine) at AuctioneerProject.My.MyApplication.Main(String[] Args) in 17d14f5c-a337-4978-8281-53493378c1071.vb:line 81 at System.AppDomain._nExecuteAssembly(Assembly assembly, String[] args) at System.AppDomain.ExecuteAssembly(String assemblyFile, Evidence assemblySecurity, String[] args) at Microsoft.VisualStudio.HostingProcess.HostProc.RunUsersAssembly() at System.Threading.ThreadHelper.ThreadStart_Context(Object state) at System.Threading.ExecutionContext.Run(ExecutionContext executionContext, ContextCallback callback, Object state) at System.Threading.ThreadHelper.ThreadStart() InnerException: System.Data.OleDb.OleDbException ErrorCode=-2147217904 Message="No value given for one or more required parameters." Source="Microsoft Office Access Database Engine" StackTrace: at System.Data.OleDb.OleDbCommand.ExecuteCommandTextErrorHandling(OleDbHResult hr) at System.Data.OleDb.OleDbCommand.ExecuteCommandTextForSingleResult(tagDBPARAMS dbParams, Object& executeResult) at System.Data.OleDb.OleDbCommand.ExecuteCommandText(Object& executeResult) at System.Data.OleDb.OleDbCommand.ExecuteCommand(CommandBehavior behavior, Object& executeResult) at System.Data.OleDb.OleDbCommand.ExecuteReaderInternal(CommandBehavior behavior, String method) at System.Data.OleDb.OleDbCommand.ExecuteReader(CommandBehavior behavior) at System.Data.OleDb.OleDbCommand.ExecuteReader() at AuctioneerProject.LandReport.load_Land() in C:\Users\admin\Desktop\Auctioneers\AuctioneerProject\AuctioneerProject\LandReport.vb:line 37 at AuctioneerProject.LandReport.PriceRadioButton_CheckedChanged(Object sender, EventArgs e) in C:\Users\admin\Desktop\Auctioneers\AuctioneerProject\AuctioneerProject\LandReport.vb:line 79 at System.Windows.Forms.RadioButton.OnCheckedChanged(EventArgs e) at System.Windows.Forms.RadioButton.set_Checked(Boolean value) at AuctioneerProject.LandReport.InitializeComponent() in C:\Users\admin\Desktop\Auctioneers\AuctioneerProject\AuctioneerProject\LandReport.designer.vb:line 40 at AuctioneerProject.LandReport..ctor() in C:\Users\admin\Desktop\Auctioneers\AuctioneerProject\AuctioneerProject\LandReport.vb:line 5 InnerException:

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• force close when assign onclick to button

  - by Lynnooi

  hi, i am very new in android development as well as in java. i had developed an application that gets an image url from a site and wanted to download it into the device and later on i would like to enable users to set it as wallpapers. however, i am met a problem when assigning onclick event to a button. Once i uncomment the line in red, it will pop up a box stating that the application was stopped unexpectedly. Can someone please help me with this? private ImageView imView = null; public void onCreate(Bundle icicle) { super.onCreate(icicle); setContentView(R.layout.main); try { /* Create a URL we want to load some xml-data from. */ URL url = new URL(xmlURL); /* Get a SAXParser from the SAXPArserFactory. */ SAXParserFactory spf = SAXParserFactory.newInstance(); SAXParser sp = spf.newSAXParser(); /* Get the XMLReader of the SAXParser we created. */ XMLReader xr = sp.getXMLReader(); /* Create a new ContentHandler and apply it to the XML-Reader */ ExampleHandler myExampleHandler = new ExampleHandler(); xr.setContentHandler(myExampleHandler); /* Parse the xml-data from our URL. */ xr.parse(new InputSource(url.openStream())); /* Parsing has finished. */ /* Our ExampleHandler now provides the parsed data to us. */ ParsedExampleDataSet parsedExampleDataSet = myExampleHandler .getParsedData(); /* Set the result to be displayed in our GUI. */ if (myExampleHandler.filenames != null) { a = a + "\n" + myExampleHandler.filenames + ", by " + myExampleHandler.authors + "\nhits: " + myExampleHandler.hits + " downloads"; this.ed = myExampleHandler.thumbs; this.imageURL = myExampleHandler.mediafiles; } } catch (Exception e) { a = e.getMessage(); } // get thumbnail Context context = this.getBaseContext(); if (ed.length() != 0) { Drawable image = ImageOperations(context, this.ed, "image.jpg"); ImageView imgView = new ImageView(context); imgView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.image1); imgView.setImageDrawable(image); } TextView tv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.txt_name); tv.setText(a); Button bt3 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.get_imagebt); //bt3.setOnClickListener(getImageBtnOnClick); } OnClickListener getImageBtnOnClick = new OnClickListener() { public void onClick(View view) { downloadFile(imageURL); } }; void downloadFile(String fileUrl) { URL myFileUrl = null; try { myFileUrl = new URL(fileUrl); } catch (MalformedURLException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } try { HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) myFileUrl .openConnection(); conn.setDoInput(true); conn.connect(); int length = conn.getContentLength(); InputStream is = conn.getInputStream(); bmImg = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(is); // this.imView.setImageBitmap(bmImg); } catch (IOException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } } private Drawable ImageOperations(Context ctx, String url, String saveFilename) { try { InputStream is = (InputStream) this.fetch(url); Drawable d = Drawable.createFromStream(is, "src"); return d; } catch (MalformedURLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); return null; } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); return null; } } public Object fetch(String address) throws MalformedURLException, IOException { URL url = new URL(address); Object content = url.getContent(); return content; } Main.xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" android:id="@+id/viewgroup"> <ImageView android:id="@+id/image1" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_gravity="center" /> <ImageView android:id="@+id/image2" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_gravity="center" /> <TextView android:id="@+id/txt_name" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal" /> <Button id="@+id/get_imagebt" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="xxx Get an image" android:layout_gravity="center" /> <ImageView id="@+id/imview" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_gravity="center" /> </LinearLayout>

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• problem in loading images from web

  - by Lynnooi

  hi, I am new in android and had developed an app which get images from the website and display it. I got it working in emulator but not in real phones. In some device, it will crash or take very long loading period. Can anyone please help me or guide me in improving it as i'm not sure whether the way i loads the images is correct or not. Here are the code i use to get the images from the web and display accordingly. if (xmlURL.length() != 0) { try { URL url = new URL(xmlURL); SAXParserFactory spf = SAXParserFactory.newInstance(); SAXParser sp = spf.newSAXParser(); /* Get the XMLReader of the SAXParser we created. */ XMLReader xr = sp.getXMLReader(); /* * Create a new ContentHandler and apply it to the * XML-Reader */ xr.setContentHandler(myExampleHandler); /* Parse the xml-data from our URL. */ xr.parse(new InputSource(url.openStream())); /* Parsing has finished. */ /* * Our ExampleHandler now provides the parsed data to * us. */ ParsedExampleDataSet parsedExampleDataSet = myExampleHandler.getParsedData(); } catch (Exception e) { } } if (s.equalsIgnoreCase("wallpapers")) { Context context = helloAndroid.this.getBaseContext(); for (int j = 0; j <= myExampleHandler.filenames.size() - 1; j++) { if (myExampleHandler.filenames.elementAt(j).toString() != null) { helloAndroid.this.ed = myExampleHandler.thumbs.elementAt(j) .toString(); if (helloAndroid.this.ed.length() != 0) { Drawable image = ImageOperations(context, helloAndroid.this.ed, "image.jpg"); file_info = myExampleHandler.filenames .elementAt(j).toString(); author = "\nby " + myExampleHandler.authors.elementAt(j) .toString(); switch (j + 1) { case 1: ImageView imgView1 = new ImageView(context); imgView1 = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.image1); if (image.getIntrinsicHeight() > 0) { imgView1.setImageDrawable(image); } else imgView1 .setImageResource(R.drawable.empty_wallpaper); tv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.filename1); tv.setText(file_info); tv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.author1); tv.setText(author); imgView1 .setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { public void onClick(View view) { // Perform action on click Intent myIntent1 = new Intent( helloAndroid.this, galleryFile.class); Bundle b = new Bundle(); b.putString("fileID",myExampleHandler.fileid.elementAt(0).toString()); b.putString("page", "1"); b.putString("family", s); b.putString("fi",myExampleHandler.folder_id.elementAt(folder).toString()); b.putString("kw", keyword); myIntent1.putExtras(b); startActivityForResult( myIntent1, 0); } }); break; case 2: ImageView imgView2 = new ImageView(context); imgView2 = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.image2); imgView2.setImageDrawable(image); tv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.filename2); tv.setText(file_info); tv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.author2); tv.setText(author); imgView2 .setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { public void onClick(View view) { // Perform action on click Intent myIntent1 = new Intent( helloAndroid.this, galleryFile.class); Bundle b = new Bundle(); b.putString("fileID",myExampleHandler.fileid.elementAt(1).toString()); b.putString("page", "1"); b.putString("family", s); b.putString("fi",myExampleHandler.folder_id.elementAt(folder).toString()); b.putString("kw", keyword); myIntent1.putExtras(b); startActivityForResult( myIntent1, 0); } }); break; case 3: //same code break; } } } } } private Drawable ImageOperations(Context ctx, String url, String saveFilename) { try { InputStream is = (InputStream) this.fetch(url); Drawable d = Drawable.createFromStream(is, "src"); return d; } catch (MalformedURLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); return null; } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); return null; } } public Object fetch(String address) throws MalformedURLException, IOException { URL url = new URL(address); Object content = url.getContent(); return content; }

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• C question: Padding bits in unsigned integers and bitwise operations (C89)

  - by Anonymous Question Guy

  I have a lot of code that performs bitwise operations on unsigned integers. I wrote my code with the assumption that those operations were on integers of fixed width without any padding bits. For example an array of 32 bit unsigned integers of which all 32 bits available for each integer. I'm looking to make my code more portable and I'm focused on making sure I'm C89 compliant (in this case). One of the issues that I've come across is possible padded integers. Take this extreme example, taken from the GMP manual: However on Cray vector systems it may be noted that short and int are always stored in 8 bytes (and with sizeof indicating that) but use only 32 or 46 bits. The nails feature can account for this, by passing for instance 8*sizeof(int)-INT_BIT. I've also read about this type of padding in other places. I actually read of a post on SO last night (forgive me, I don't have the link and I'm going to cite something similar from memory) where if you have, say, a double with 60 usable bits the other 4 could be used for padding and those padding bits could serve some internal purpose so they cannot be modified. So let's say for example my code is compiled on a platform where an unsigned int type is sized at 4 bytes, each byte being 8 bits, however the most significant 2 bits are padding bits. Would UINT_MAX in that case be 0x3FFFFFFF (1073741823) ? #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> /* padding bits represented by underscores */ int main( int argc, char **argv ) { unsigned int a = 0x2AAAAAAA; /* __101010101010101010101010101010 */ unsigned int b = 0x15555555; /* __010101010101010101010101010101 */ unsigned int c = a ^ b; /* ?? __111111111111111111111111111111 */ unsigned int d = c << 5; /* ?? __111111111111111111111111100000 */ unsigned int e = d >> 5; /* ?? __000001111111111111111111111111 */ printf( "a: %X\nb: %X\nc: %X\nd: %X\ne: %X\n", a, b, c, d, e ); return 0; } is it safe to XOR two integers with padding bits? wouldn't I XOR whatever the padding bits are? I can't find this behavior covered in C89. furthermore is the c var guaranteed to be 0x3FFFFFFF or if for example the two padding bits were both on in a or b would c be 0xFFFFFFFF ? same question with d and e. am i manipulating the padding bits by shifting? I would expect to see this below, assuming 32 bits with the 2 most significant bits used for padding, but I want to know if something like this is guaranteed: a: 2AAAAAAA b: 15555555 c: 3FFFFFFF d: 3FFFFFE0 e: 01FFFFFF Also are padding bits always the most significant bits or could they be the least significant bits? Thanks guys EDIT 12/19/2010 5PM EST: Christoph has answered my question. Thanks! I had also asked (above) whether padding bits are always the most significant bits. This is cited in the rationale for the C99 standard, and the answer is no. I am playing it safe and assuming the same for C89. Here is specifically what the C99 rationale says for §6.2.6.2 (Representation of Integer Types): Padding bits are user-accessible in an unsigned integer type. For example, suppose a machine uses a pair of 16-bit shorts (each with its own sign bit) to make up a 32-bit int and the sign bit of the lower short is ignored when used in this 32-bit int. Then, as a 32-bit signed int, there is a padding bit (in the middle of the 32 bits) that is ignored in determining the value of the 32-bit signed int. But, if this 32-bit item is treated as a 32-bit unsigned int, then that padding bit is visible to the user’s program. The C committee was told that there is a machine that works this way, and that is one reason that padding bits were added to C99. Footnotes 44 and 45 mention that parity bits might be padding bits. The committee does not know of any machines with user-accessible parity bits within an integer. Therefore, the committee is not aware of any machines that treat parity bits as padding bits. EDIT 12/28/2010 3PM EST: I found an interesting discussion on comp.lang.c from a few months ago. Bitwise Operator Effects on Padding Bits (VelocityReviews reader) Bitwise Operator Effects on Padding Bits (Google Groups alternate link) One point made by Dietmar which I found interesting: Let's note that padding bits are not necessary for the existence of trap representations; combinations of value bits which do not represent a value of the object type would also do.

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• Nested While Loop for mysql_fetch_array not working as I expected

  - by Ayush Saraf

  I m trying to make feed system for my website, in which i have got i data from the database using mysql_fetch_array system and created a while loop for mysql_fetch_array and inside tht loop i have repeated the same thing again another while loop, but the problem is that the nested while loop only execute once and dont repeat the rows.... here is the code i have used some function and OOP but u will get wht is the point! i thought of an alternative but not yet tried vaz i wanna the way out this way only i.e. using a for loopo insted of while loop that mite wrk... public function get_feeds_from_my_friends(){ global $Friends; global $User; $friend_list = $Friends->create_friend_list_ids(); $sql = "SELECT feeds.id, feeds.user_id, feeds.post, feeds.date FROM feeds WHERE feeds.user_id IN (". $friend_list. ") ORDER BY feeds.id DESC"; $result = mysql_query($sql); while ($rows = mysql_fetch_array($result)) { $id = $rows['user_id']; $dp = $User->user_detail_by_id($id, "dp"); $user_name = $User->full_name_by_id($id); $post_id = $rows['id']; $final_result = "<div class=\"sharedItem\">"; $final_result .= "<div class=\"item\">"; $final_result .= "<div class=\"imageHolder\"><img src=\"". $dp ."\" class=\"profilePicture\" /></div>"; $final_result .= "<div class=\"txtHolder\">"; $final_result .= "<div class=\"username\"> " . $user_name . "</div>"; $final_result .= "<div class=\"userfeed\"> " . $rows['post'] . "</div>"; $final_result .= "<div class=\"details\">" . $rows['date'] . "</div>"; $final_result .= "</div></div>"; $final_result .= $this->get_comments_for_feed($post_id); $final_result .= "</div>"; echo $final_result; } } public function get_comments_for_feed($feed_id){ global $User; $sql = "SELECT feeds.comments FROM feeds WHERE feeds.id = " . $feed_id . " LIMIT 1"; $result = mysql_query($sql); $result = mysql_fetch_array($result); $result = $result['comments']; $comment_list = get_array_string_from_feild($result); $sql = "SELECT comment_feed.user_id, comment_feed.comment, comment_feed.date FROM comment_feed "; $sql .= "WHERE comment_feed.id IN(" . $comment_list . ") ORDER BY comment_feed.date DESC"; $result = mysql_query($sql); if(empty($result)){ return "";} else { while ($rows = mysql_fetch_array($result)) { $id = $rows['user_id']; $dp = $User->user_detail_by_id($id, "dp"); $user_name = $User->full_name_by_id($id); return "<div class=\"comments\"><div class=\"imageHolder\"><img src=\"". $dp ."\" class=\"profilePicture\" /></div> <div class=\"txtHolder\"> <div class=\"username\"> " . $user_name . "</div> <div class=\"userfeed\"> " . $rows['comment'] . "</div> <div class=\"details\">" . $rows['date'] . "</div> </div></div>"; } } }

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• The remote server returned an error: (400) Bad Request - uploading less 2MB file size?

  - by fiberOptics

  The file succeed to upload when it is 2KB or lower in size. The main reason why I use streaming is to be able to upload file up to at least 1 GB. But when I try to upload file with less 1MB size, I get bad request. It is my first time to deal with downloading and uploading process, so I can't easily find the cause of error. Testing part: private void button24_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { try { OpenFileDialog openfile = new OpenFileDialog(); if (openfile.ShowDialog() == System.Windows.Forms.DialogResult.OK) { string port = "3445"; byte[] fileStream; using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(openfile.FileName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.Read)) { fileStream = new byte[fs.Length]; fs.Read(fileStream, 0, (int)fs.Length); fs.Close(); fs.Dispose(); } string baseAddress = "http://localhost:" + port + "/File/AddStream?fileID=9"; HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(baseAddress); request.Method = "POST"; request.ContentType = "text/plain"; //request.ContentType = "application/octet-stream"; Stream serverStream = request.GetRequestStream(); serverStream.Write(fileStream, 0, fileStream.Length); serverStream.Close(); using (HttpWebResponse response = request.GetResponse() as HttpWebResponse) { int statusCode = (int)response.StatusCode; StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream()); } } } catch (Exception ex) { MessageBox.Show(ex.Message); } } Service: [WebInvoke(UriTemplate = "AddStream?fileID={fileID}", Method = "POST", BodyStyle = WebMessageBodyStyle.Bare)] public bool AddStream(long fileID, System.IO.Stream fileStream) { ClasslLogic.FileComponent svc = new ClasslLogic.FileComponent(); return svc.AddStream(fileID, fileStream); } Server code for streaming: namespace ClasslLogic { public class StreamObject : IStreamObject { public bool UploadFile(string filename, Stream fileStream) { try { FileStream fileToupload = new FileStream(filename, FileMode.Create); byte[] bytearray = new byte[10000]; int bytesRead, totalBytesRead = 0; do { bytesRead = fileStream.Read(bytearray, 0, bytearray.Length); totalBytesRead += bytesRead; } while (bytesRead > 0); fileToupload.Write(bytearray, 0, bytearray.Length); fileToupload.Close(); fileToupload.Dispose(); } catch (Exception ex) { throw new Exception(ex.Message); } return true; } } } Web config: <system.serviceModel> <bindings> <basicHttpBinding> <binding> <readerQuotas maxDepth="32" maxStringContentLength="8192" maxArrayLength="2097152" maxBytesPerRead="4096" maxNameTableCharCount="2097152" /> <security mode="None" /> </binding> <binding name="ClassLogicBasicTransfer" closeTimeout="00:05:00" openTimeout="00:05:00" receiveTimeout="00:15:00" sendTimeout="00:01:00" allowCookies="false" bypassProxyOnLocal="false" hostNameComparisonMode="StrongWildcard" maxBufferPoolSize="67108864" maxReceivedMessageSize="67108864" messageEncoding="Mtom" textEncoding="utf-8" useDefaultWebProxy="true"> <readerQuotas maxDepth="32" maxStringContentLength="8192" maxArrayLength="67108864" maxBytesPerRead="4096" maxNameTableCharCount="67108864" /> <security mode="None"> <transport clientCredentialType="None" proxyCredentialType="None" realm="" /> <message clientCredentialType="UserName" algorithmSuite="Default" /> </security> </binding> <binding name="BaseLogicWSHTTP"> <security mode="None" /> </binding> <binding name="BaseLogicWSHTTPSec" /> </basicHttpBinding> </bindings> <behaviors> <serviceBehaviors> <behavior> <!-- To avoid disclosing metadata information, set the value below to false and remove the metadata endpoint above before deployment --> <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" /> <!-- To receive exception details in faults for debugging purposes, set the value below to true. Set to false before deployment to avoid disclosing exception information --> <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="true" /> </behavior> </serviceBehaviors> </behaviors> <serviceHostingEnvironment multipleSiteBindingsEnabled="true" aspNetCompatibilityEnabled="true" /> </system.serviceModel> I'm not sure if this affects the streaming function, because I'm using WCF4.0 rest template which config is dependent in Global.asax. One more thing is this, whether I run the service and passing a stream or not, the created file always contain this thing. How could I remove the "NUL" data? Thanks in advance. Edit public bool UploadFile(string filename, Stream fileStream) { try { FileStream fileToupload = new FileStream(filename, FileMode.Create); byte[] bytearray = new byte[10000]; int bytesRead, totalBytesRead = 0; do { bytesRead = fileStream.Read(bytearray, totalBytesRead, bytearray.Length - totalBytesRead); totalBytesRead += bytesRead; } while (bytesRead > 0); fileToupload.Write(bytearray, 0, totalBytesRead); fileToupload.Close(); fileToupload.Dispose(); } catch (Exception ex) { throw new Exception(ex.Message); } return true; }

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• How to add Category in DotClear blog with HttpWebRequest or MetaWeblog API

  - by Pitming

  I'm trying to create/modify dotclear blogs. For most of the options, i use XmlRpc API (DotClear.MetaWeblog). But didn't find any way to handle categories. So I start to look at the Http packet and try to do "the same as the browser". Here si the method I use to "Http POST" protected HttpStatusCode HttpPost(Uri url_, string data_, bool allowAutoRedirect_) { HttpWebRequest Request; HttpWebResponse Response = null; Stream ResponseStream = null; Request = (System.Net.HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(url_); Request.UserAgent = "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; fr; rv:1.9.1.5) Gecko/20091102 Firefox/3.5.5 (.NET CLR 3.5.30729)"; Request.Accept = "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8"; Request.AllowAutoRedirect = allowAutoRedirect_; // Add the network credentials to the request. Request.Credentials = new NetworkCredential(Username, Password); string authInfo = Username + ":" + Password; authInfo = Convert.ToBase64String(Encoding.Default.GetBytes(authInfo)); Request.Headers["Authorization"] = "Basic " + authInfo; Request.Method = "POST"; Request.CookieContainer = Cookies; if(ConnectionCookie!=null) Request.CookieContainer.Add(url_, ConnectionCookie); if (dcAdminCookie != null) Request.CookieContainer.Add(url_, dcAdminCookie); Request.PreAuthenticate = true; ASCIIEncoding encoding = new ASCIIEncoding(); string postData = data_; byte[] data = encoding.GetBytes(postData); //Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(data_); //encoding.GetBytes(postData); Request.ContentLength = data.Length; Request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"; Stream newStream = Request.GetRequestStream(); // Send the data. newStream.Write(data, 0, data.Length); newStream.Close(); try { // get the response from the server. Response = (HttpWebResponse)Request.GetResponse(); if (!allowAutoRedirect_) { foreach (Cookie c in Response.Cookies) { if (c.Name == "dcxd") ConnectionCookie = c; if (c.Name == "dc_admin") dcAdminCookie = c; } Cookies.Add(Response.Cookies); } // Get the response stream. ResponseStream = Response.GetResponseStream(); // Pipes the stream to a higher level stream reader with the required encoding format. StreamReader readStream = new StreamReader(ResponseStream, Encoding.UTF8); string result = readStream.ReadToEnd(); if (Request.RequestUri == Response.ResponseUri) { _log.InfoFormat("{0} ==&gt; {1}({2})", Request.RequestUri, Response.StatusCode, Response.StatusDescription); } else { _log.WarnFormat("RequestUri:{0}\r\nResponseUri:{1}\r\nstatus code:{2} Status descr:{3}", Request.RequestUri, Response.ResponseUri, Response.StatusCode, Response.StatusDescription); } } catch (WebException wex) { Response = wex.Response as HttpWebResponse; if (Response != null) { _log.ErrorFormat("{0} ==&gt; {1}({2})", Request.RequestUri, Response.StatusCode, Response.StatusDescription); } Request.Abort(); } finally { if (Response != null) { // Releases the resources of the response. Response.Close(); } } if(Response !=null) return Response.StatusCode; return HttpStatusCode.Ambiguous; } So the first thing to do is to Authenticate as admin. Here is the code: protected bool HttpAuthenticate() { Uri u = new Uri(this.Url); Uri url = new Uri(string.Format("{0}/admin/auth.php", u.GetLeftPart(UriPartial.Authority))); string data = string.Format("user_id={0}&user_pwd={1}&user_remember=1", Username, Password); var ret = HttpPost(url,data,false); return (ret == HttpStatusCode.OK || ret==HttpStatusCode.Found); } 3.Now that I'm authenticate, i need to get a xd_chek info (that i can find on the page so basically it's a GET on /admin/category.php + Regex("dotclear[.]nonce = '(.*)'")) 4.so I'm authenticate and have the xd_check info. The last thing to do seems to post the next category. But of course it does not work at all... here is the code: string postData = string.Format("cat_title={0}&new_cat_parent={1}&xd_check={2}", category_, 0, xdCheck); HttpPost(url, postData, true); If anyone can help me and explain were is it wrong ? thanks in advance.

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• Help to edit the Recent Posts Wordpress widget to diplay in all 3 languages at once

  - by CreativEliza

  Site link: http://nuestrafrontera.org/wordpress/ I want the feed of recent post titles to show in the sidebar for all 3 languages, separated by language. So, for example, under Recent Posts the sidebar would have "English" and then the latest 3 posts in English, then "Español" and the latest 3 in Spanish and then French. All in a list in the column and appearing on all pages with the sidebar in all languages. I am using the most current version of Wordpress with the WPML plugin. I believe the Wordpress widget for Recent Posts needs to be tweaked to do this. Here is the code (from wp-includes/default-widgets.php): class WP_Widget_Recent_Posts extends WP_Widget { function WP_Widget_Recent_Posts() { $widget_ops = array('classname' => 'widget_recent_entries', 'description' => __( "The most recent posts on your blog") ); $this->WP_Widget('recent-posts', __('Recent Posts'), $widget_ops); $this->alt_option_name = 'widget_recent_entries'; add_action( 'save_post', array(&$this, 'flush_widget_cache') ); add_action( 'deleted_post', array(&$this, 'flush_widget_cache') ); add_action( 'switch_theme', array(&$this, 'flush_widget_cache') ); } function widget($args, $instance) { $cache = wp_cache_get('widget_recent_posts', 'widget'); if ( !is_array($cache) ) $cache = array(); if ( isset($cache[$args['widget_id']]) ) { echo $cache[$args['widget_id']]; return; } ob_start(); extract($args); $title = apply_filters('widget_title', empty($instance['title']) ? __('Recent Posts') : $instance['title']); if ( !$number = (int) $instance['number'] ) $number = 10; else if ( $number < 1 ) $number = 1; else if ( $number > 15 ) $number = 15; $r = new WP_Query(array('showposts' => $number, 'nopaging' => 0, 'post_status' => 'publish', 'caller_get_posts' => 1)); if ($r->have_posts()) : ?> <?php echo $before_widget; ?> <?php if ( $title ) echo $before_title . $title . $after_title; ?> <ul> <?php while ($r->have_posts()) : $r->the_post(); ?> <li><a href="<?php the_permalink() ?>" title="<?php echo esc_attr(get_the_title() ? get_the_title() : get_the_ID()); ?>"><?php if ( get_the_title() ) the_title(); else the_ID(); ?> </a></li> <?php endwhile; ?> </ul> <?php echo $after_widget; ?> <?php wp_reset_query(); // Restore global post data stomped by the_post(). endif; $cache[$args['widget_id']] = ob_get_flush(); wp_cache_add('widget_recent_posts', $cache, 'widget'); } function update( $new_instance, $old_instance ) { $instance = $old_instance; $instance['title'] = strip_tags($new_instance['title']); $instance['number'] = (int) $new_instance['number']; $this->flush_widget_cache(); $alloptions = wp_cache_get( 'alloptions', 'options' ); if ( isset($alloptions['widget_recent_entries']) ) delete_option('widget_recent_entries'); return $instance; } function flush_widget_cache() { wp_cache_delete('widget_recent_posts', 'widget'); } function form( $instance ) { $title = esc_attr($instance['title']); if ( !$number = (int) $instance['number'] ) $number = 5; ?> <p><label for="<?php echo $this->get_field_id('title'); ?>"><?php _e('Title:'); ?></label> <input class="widefat" id="<?php echo $this->get_field_id('title'); ?>" name="<?php echo $this->get_field_name('title'); ?>" type="text" value="<?php echo $title; ?>" /></p> <p><label for="<?php echo $this->get_field_id('number'); ?>"><?php _e('Number of posts to show:'); ?></label> <input id="<?php echo $this->get_field_id('number'); ?>" name="<?php echo $this->get_field_name('number'); ?>" type="text" value="<?php echo $number; ?>" size="3" /><br /> <small><?php _e('(at most 15)'); ?></small></p> <?php } }

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• C# Reading and Writing a Char[] to and from a Byte[] - Updated with Solution

  - by Simon G

  Hi, I have a byte array of around 10,000 bytes which is basically a blob from delphi that contains char, string, double and arrays of various types. This need to be read in and updated via C#. I've created a very basic reader that gets the byte array from the db and converts the bytes to the relevant object type when accessing the property which works fine. My problem is when I try to write to a specific char[] item, it doesn't seem to update the byte array. I've created the following extensions for reading and writing: public static class CharExtension { public static byte ToByte( this char c ) { return Convert.ToByte( c ); } public static byte ToByte( this char c, int position, byte[] blob ) { byte b = c.ToByte(); blob[position] = b; return b; } } public static class CharArrayExtension { public static byte[] ToByteArray( this char[] c ) { byte[] b = new byte[c.Length]; for ( int i = 1; i < c.Length; i++ ) { b[i] = c[i].ToByte(); } return b; } public static byte[] ToByteArray( this char[] c, int positon, int length, byte[] blob ) { byte[] b = c.ToByteArray(); Array.Copy( b, 0, blob, positon, length ); return b; } } public static class ByteExtension { public static char ToChar( this byte[] b, int position ) { return Convert.ToChar( b[position] ); } } public static class ByteArrayExtension { public static char[] ToCharArray( this byte[] b, int position, int length ) { char[] c = new char[length]; for ( int i = 0; i < length; i++ ) { c[i] = b.ToChar( position ); position += 1; } return c; } } to read and write chars and char arrays my code looks like: Byte[] _Blob; // set from a db field public char ubin { get { return _tariffBlob.ToChar( 14 ); } set { value.ToByte( 14, _Blob ); } } public char[] usercaplas { get { return _tariffBlob.ToCharArray( 2035, 10 ); } set { value.ToByteArray( 2035, 10, _Blob ); } } So to write to the objects I can do: ubin = 'C'; // this will update the byte[] usercaplas = new char[10] { 'A', 'B', etc. }; // this will update the byte[] usercaplas[3] = 'C'; // this does not update the byte[] I know the reason is that the setter property is not being called but I want to know is there a way around this using code similar to what I already have? I know a possible solution is to use a private variable called _usercaplas that I set and update as needed however as the byte array is nearly 10,000 bytes in length the class is already long and I would like a simpler approach as to reduce the overall code length and complexity. Thank Solution Here's my solution should anyone want it. If you have a better way of doing then let me know please. First I created a new class for the array: public class CharArrayList : ArrayList { char[] arr; private byte[] blob; private int length = 0; private int position = 0; public CharArrayList( byte[] blob, int position, int length ) { this.blob = blob; this.length = length; this.position = position; PopulateInternalArray(); SetArray(); } private void PopulateInternalArray() { arr = blob.ToCharArray( position, length ); } private void SetArray() { foreach ( char c in arr ) { this.Add( c ); } } private void UpdateInternalArray() { this.Clear(); SetArray(); } public char this[int i] { get { return arr[i]; } set { arr[i] = value; UpdateInternalArray(); } } } Then I created a couple of extension methods to help with converting to a byte[] public static byte[] ToByteArray( this CharArrayList c ) { byte[] b = new byte[c.Count]; for ( int i = 0; i < c.Count; i++ ) { b[i] = Convert.ToChar( c[i] ).ToByte(); } return b; } public static byte[] ToByteArray( this CharArrayList c, byte[] blob, int position, int length ) { byte[] b = c.ToByteArray(); Array.Copy( b, 0, blob, position, length ); return b; } So to read and write to the object: private CharArrayList _usercaplass; public CharArrayList usercaplas { get { if ( _usercaplass == null ) _usercaplass = new CharArrayList( _tariffBlob, 2035, 100 ); return _usercaplass; } set { _usercaplass = value; _usercaplass.ToByteArray( _tariffBlob, 2035, 100 ); } } As mentioned before its not an ideal solutions as I have to have private variables and extra code in the setter but I couldnt see a way around it.

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• winForms Booking Class Help

  - by cameron

  Hi, I am using C# Windows Forms in visual studio with different classes performing different functions in my program. I have a "Program" main class with the following information: static class Program { /// <summary> /// The main entry point for the application. /// </summary> [STAThread] static void Main() { Application.EnableVisualStyles(); Application.SetCompatibleTextRenderingDefault(false); Application.Run(new Form1()); } } and a Screen class with the following information class Screen { public List<Show> shows { get; private set; } public int ScreenNumber { get; private set; } public Screen(int screenNumber, params Show[] schedule) { this.ScreenNumber = screenNumber; this.shows = schedule.ToList<Show>(); } } and a Seat class with the following information public class Seat { private string name; public bool IsAvailable { get; set; } public decimal Price { get; private set; } public int Number { get; private set; } public Seat(bool isAvailable, int number) { this.IsAvailable = isAvailable; this.name = String.Format("Seat {0}",number); this.Price = 7.50m; this.Number = number; } public override string ToString() { return this.name; } } and finally a Show class with the following information public class Show { private List<Seat> seats = new List<Seat>(); public string Title { get; private set; } public string Time { get; private set; } public int ScreenNumber { get; private set; } public List<Seat> Seats { get { return this.seats; } } public Show(string title, DateTime time, int screenNumber, int numberOfSeats) { this.Title = title; this.Time = time.ToShortTimeString(); this.ScreenNumber = screenNumber; this.initSeats(numberOfSeats); } private void initSeats(int numberOfSeats) { for (int i = 0; i < numberOfSeats; i++) this.seats.Add(new Seat(true, i + 1)); } }` these all feed into two different winForms to create a booking system for shows. therefore i need to collate the data given in program and output it into a txt file. any help will be much appreciated NOTE: the code for FORM1 which allows the user to select which show they want is: namespace CindysSeats { public partial class Form1 : Form { private Cinema cinema = new Cinema(); //booked show could be added to booking object when you create it so that it is easily writable to the external file private Show selectedShow; public Form1() { InitializeComponent(); this.showList_dg.DataSource = this.cinema.GetShowList(); } private void showList_dg_RowHeaderMouseClick(object sender, DataGridViewCellMouseEventArgs e) { Show selectedShow = this.selectedShow = this.cinema.GetShowList()[e.RowIndex]; this.showTitle_lbl.Text = selectedShow.Title; this.showTime_lbl.Text = selectedShow.Time; this.showScreen_lbl.Text = selectedShow.ScreenNumber.ToString(); } private void confirmShow_btn_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (this.selectedShow == null) return; Form2 seats = new Form2(this.selectedShow); seats.Show(); } And the code for FORM2 which is where the user selects their seats they want is: namespace CindysSeats { public partial class Form2 : Form { //booked seats could be added to booking object when you create it so that it is easily writable to the external file private List<Seat> bookedSeats = new List<Seat>(); private Show selectedShow; public Form2(Show selectedShow) { InitializeComponent(); this.selectedShow = selectedShow; this.showSeats_dg.DataSource = this.selectedShow.Seats; } private void showSeats_dg_RowHeaderMouseClick(object sender, DataGridViewCellMouseEventArgs e) { Seat selectedSeat = this.selectedShow.Seats[e.RowIndex]; if(this.bookedSeats.Contains(selectedSeat)) return; if(!selectedSeat.IsAvailable) return; this.bookedSeats.Add(selectedSeat); this.bookedSeats_lv.Items.Add(selectedSeat.ToString() + " " + selectedSeat.Price.ToString()+"\n"); this.bookedSeats_lv.Invalidate(); } private void bookSeats_btn_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { } } thank you for helping

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• Unexpected $end...

  - by Jason

  I keep getting a error - Parse error: syntax error, unexpected $end in ... on line 75, but everything looks fine to me. <?php get_header(); ?> <div id="content-top"> <div class="title"> <h2>Welcome!</h2> </div> </div> <div id="content"> <div class="contentbox"> <?php get_sidebar(); ?> <?php if (have_posts()) : ?> <?php if (have_posts()) : while (have_posts()) : the_post(); ?> <div class="post" id="post-<?php the_ID(); ?>"> <h2><a href="<?php echo get_permalink($post->post_parent); ?>" rev="attachment"><?php echo get_the_title($post->post_parent); ?></a> &raquo; <?php the_title(); ?></h2> <div class="entry"> <p class="attachment"><a href="<?php echo wp_get_attachment_url($post->ID); ?>"><?php echo wp_get_attachment_image( $post->ID, 'medium' ); ?></a></p> <div class="caption"><?php if ( !empty($post->post_excerpt) ) the_excerpt(); // this is the "caption" ?></div> <?php the_content('<p class="serif">Read the rest of this entry &raquo;</p>'); ?> <div class="navigation"> <div class="alignleft"><?php previous_image_link() ?></div> <div class="alignright"><?php next_image_link() ?></div> </div> <br class="clear" /> <p class="postmetadata alt"> <small> This entry was posted on <?php the_time('l, F jS, Y') ?> at <?php the_time() ?> and is filed under <?php the_category(', ') ?>. <?php the_taxonomies(); ?> You can follow any responses to this entry through the <?php post_comments_feed_link('RSS 2.0'); ?> feed. <?php if (('open' == $post-> comment_status) && ('open' == $post->ping_status)) { // Both Comments and Pings are open ?> You can <a href="#respond">leave a response</a>, or <a href="<?php trackback_url(); ?>" rel="trackback">trackback</a> from your own site. <?php } elseif (!('open' == $post-> comment_status) && ('open' == $post->ping_status)) { // Only Pings are Open ?> Responses are currently closed, but you can <a href="<?php trackback_url(); ?> " rel="trackback">trackback</a> from your own site. <?php } elseif (('open' == $post-> comment_status) && !('open' == $post->ping_status)) { // Comments are open, Pings are not ?> You can skip to the end and leave a response. Pinging is currently not allowed. <?php } elseif (!('open' == $post-> comment_status) && !('open' == $post->ping_status)) { // Neither Comments, nor Pings are open ?> Both comments and pings are currently closed. <?php } edit_post_link('Edit this entry.','',''); ?> </small> </p> </div> </div> <?php comments_template(); ?> <?php endwhile; else: ?> <p>Sorry, no attachments matched your criteria.</p> <?php endif; ?> <div class="clear"></div> </div> </div>

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• Cobol: science and fiction

  - by user847

  There are a few threads about the relevance of the Cobol programming language on this forum, e.g. this thread links to a collection of them. What I am interested in here is a frequently repeated claim based on a study by Gartner from 1997: that there were around 200 billion lines of code in active use at that time! I would like to ask some questions to verify or falsify a couple of related points. My goal is to understand if this statement has any truth to it or if it is totally unrealistic. I apologize in advance for being a little verbose in presenting my line of thought and my own opinion on the things I am not sure about, but I think it might help to put things in context and thus highlight any wrong assumptions and conclusions I have made. Sometimes, the "200 billion lines" number is accompanied by the added claim that this corresponded to 80% of all programming code in any language in active use. Other times, the 80% merely refer to so-called "business code" (or some other vague phrase hinting that the reader is not to count mainstream software, embedded systems or anything else where Cobol is practically non-existent). In the following I assume that the code does not include double-counting of multiple installations of the same software (since that is cheating!). In particular in the time prior to the y2k problem, it has been noted that a lot of Cobol code is already 20 to 30 years old. That would mean it was written in the late 60ies and 70ies. At that time, the market leader was IBM with the IBM/370 mainframe. IBM has put up a historical announcement on his website quoting prices and availability. According to the sheet, prices are about one million dollars for machines with up to half a megabyte of memory. Question 1: How many mainframes have actually been sold? I have not found any numbers for those times; the latest numbers are for the year 2000, again by Gartner. :^( I would guess that the actual number is in the hundreds or the low thousands; if the market size was 50 billion in 2000 and the market has grown exponentially like any other technology, it might have been merely a few billions back in 1970. Since the IBM/370 was sold for twenty years, twenty times a few thousand will result in a couple of ten-thousands of machines (and that is pretty optimistic)! Question 2: How large were the programs in lines of code? I don't know how many bytes of machine code result from one line of source code on that architecture. But since the IBM/370 was a 32-bit machine, any address access must have used 4 bytes plus instruction (2, maybe 3 bytes for that?). If you count in operating system and data for the program, how many lines of code would have fit into the main memory of half a megabyte? Question 3: Was there no standard software? Did every single machine sold run a unique hand-coded system without any standard software? Seriously, even if every machine was programmed from scratch without any reuse of legacy code (wait ... didn't that violate one of the claims we started from to begin with???) we might have O(50,000 l.o.c./machine) * O(20,000 machines) = O(1,000,000,000 l.o.c.). That is still far, far, far away from 200 billion! Am I missing something obvious here? Question 4: How many programmers did we need to write 200 billion lines of code? I am really not sure about this one, but if we take an average of 10 l.o.c. per day, we would need 55 million man-years to achieve this! In the time-frame of 20 to 30 years this would mean that there must have existed two to three million programmers constantly writing, testing, debugging and documenting code. That would be about as many programmers as we have in China today, wouldn't it? Question 5: What about the competition? So far, I have come up with two things here: 1) IBM had their own programming language, PL/I. Above I have assumed that the majority of code has been written exclusively using Cobol. However, all other things being equal I wonder if IBM marketing had really pushed their own development off the market in favor of Cobol on their machines. Was there really no relevant code base of PL/I? 2) Sometimes (also on this board in the thread quoted above) I come across the claim that the "200 billion lines of code" are simply invisible to anybody outside of "governments, banks ..." (and whatnot). Actually, the DoD had funded their own language in order to increase cost effectiveness and reduce the proliferation of programming language. This lead to their use of Ada. Would they really worry about having so many different programming languages if they had predominantly used Cobol? If there was any language running on "government and military" systems outside the perception of mainstream computing, wouldn't that language be Ada? I hope someone can point out any flaws in my assumptions and/or conclusions and shed some light on whether the above claim has any truth to it or not.

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• Improving HTML scrapper efficiency with pcntl_fork()

  - by Michael Pasqualone

  With the help from two previous questions, I now have a working HTML scrapper that feeds product information into a database. What I am now trying to do is improve efficiently by wrapping my brain around with getting my scrapper working with pcntl_fork. If I split my php5-cli script into 10 separate chunks, I improve total runtime by a large factor so I know I am not i/o or cpu bound but just limited by the linear nature of my scraping functions. Using code I've cobbled together from multiple sources, I have this working test: <?php libxml_use_internal_errors(true); ini_set('max_execution_time', 0); ini_set('max_input_time', 0); set_time_limit(0); $hrefArray = array("http://slashdot.org", "http://slashdot.org", "http://slashdot.org", "http://slashdot.org"); function doDomStuff($singleHref,$childPid) { $html = new DOMDocument(); $html->loadHtmlFile($singleHref); $xPath = new DOMXPath($html); $domQuery = '//div[@id="slogan"]/h2'; $domReturn = $xPath->query($domQuery); foreach($domReturn as $return) { $slogan = $return->nodeValue; echo "Child PID #" . $childPid . " says: " . $slogan . "\n"; } } $pids = array(); foreach ($hrefArray as $singleHref) { $pid = pcntl_fork(); if ($pid == -1) { die("Couldn't fork, error!"); } elseif ($pid > 0) { // We are the parent $pids[] = $pid; } else { // We are the child $childPid = posix_getpid(); doDomStuff($singleHref,$childPid); exit(0); } } foreach ($pids as $pid) { pcntl_waitpid($pid, $status); } // Clear the libxml buffer so it doesn't fill up libxml_clear_errors(); Which raises the following questions: 1) Given my hrefArray contains 4 urls - if the array was to contain say 1,000 product urls this code would spawn 1,000 child processes? If so, what is the best way to limit the amount of processes to say 10, and again 1,000 urls as an example split the child work load to 100 products per child (10 x 100). 2) I've learn that pcntl_fork creates a copy of the process and all variables, classes, etc. What I would like to do is replace my hrefArray variable with a DOMDocument query that builds the list of products to scrape, and then feeds them off to child processes to do the processing - so spreading the load across 10 child workers. My brain is telling I need to do something like the following (obviously this doesn't work, so don't run it): <?php libxml_use_internal_errors(true); ini_set('max_execution_time', 0); ini_set('max_input_time', 0); set_time_limit(0); $maxChildWorkers = 10; $html = new DOMDocument(); $html->loadHtmlFile('http://xxxx'); $xPath = new DOMXPath($html); $domQuery = '//div[@id=productDetail]/a'; $domReturn = $xPath->query($domQuery); $hrefsArray[] = $domReturn->getAttribute('href'); function doDomStuff($singleHref) { // Do stuff here with each product } // To figure out: Split href array into $maxChilderWorks # of workArray1, workArray2 ... workArray10. $pids = array(); foreach ($workArray(1,2,3 ... 10) as $singleHref) { $pid = pcntl_fork(); if ($pid == -1) { die("Couldn't fork, error!"); } elseif ($pid > 0) { // We are the parent $pids[] = $pid; } else { // We are the child $childPid = posix_getpid(); doDomStuff($singleHref); exit(0); } } foreach ($pids as $pid) { pcntl_waitpid($pid, $status); } // Clear the libxml buffer so it doesn't fill up libxml_clear_errors(); But what I can't figure out is how to build my hrefsArray[] in the master/parent process only and feed it off to the child process. Currently everything I've tried causes loops in the child processes. I.e. my hrefsArray gets built in the master, and in each subsequent child process. I am sure I am going about this all totally wrong, so would greatly appreciate just general nudge in the right direction.

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• Optimizing python code performance when importing zipped csv to a mongo collection

  - by mark

  I need to import a zipped csv into a mongo collection, but there is a catch - every record contains a timestamp in Pacific Time, which must be converted to the local time corresponding to the (longitude,latitude) pair found in the same record. The code looks like so: def read_csv_zip(path, timezones): with ZipFile(path) as z, z.open(z.namelist()[0]) as input: csv_rows = csv.reader(input) header = csv_rows.next() check,converters = get_aux_stuff(header) for csv_row in csv_rows: if check(csv_row): row = { converter[0]:converter[1](value) for converter, value in zip(converters, csv_row) if allow_field(converter) } ts = row['ts'] lng, lat = row['loc'] found_tz_entry = timezones.find_one(SON({'loc': {'$within': {'$box': [[lng-tz_lookup_radius, lat-tz_lookup_radius],[lng+tz_lookup_radius, lat+tz_lookup_radius]]}}})) if found_tz_entry: tz_name = found_tz_entry['tz'] local_ts = ts.astimezone(timezone(tz_name)).replace(tzinfo=None) row['tz'] = tz_name else: local_ts = (ts.astimezone(utc) + timedelta(hours = int(lng/15))).replace(tzinfo = None) row['local_ts'] = local_ts yield row def insert_documents(collection, source, batch_size): while True: items = list(itertools.islice(source, batch_size)) if len(items) == 0: break; try: collection.insert(items) except: for item in items: try: collection.insert(item) except Exception as exc: print("Failed to insert record {0} - {1}".format(item['_id'], exc)) def main(zip_path): with Connection() as connection: data = connection.mydb.data timezones = connection.timezones.data insert_documents(data, read_csv_zip(zip_path, timezones), 1000) The code proceeds as follows: Every record read from the csv is checked and converted to a dictionary, where some fields may be skipped, some titles be renamed (from those appearing in the csv header), some values may be converted (to datetime, to integers, to floats. etc ...) For each record read from the csv, a lookup is made into the timezones collection to map the record location to the respective time zone. If the mapping is successful - that timezone is used to convert the record timestamp (pacific time) to the respective local timestamp. If no mapping is found - a rough approximation is calculated. The timezones collection is appropriately indexed, of course - calling explain() confirms it. The process is slow. Naturally, having to query the timezones collection for every record kills the performance. I am looking for advises on how to improve it. Thanks. EDIT The timezones collection contains 8176040 records, each containing four values: > db.data.findOne() { "_id" : 3038814, "loc" : [ 1.48333, 42.5 ], "tz" : "Europe/Andorra" } EDIT2 OK, I have compiled a release build of http://toblerity.github.com/rtree/ and configured the rtree package. Then I have created an rtree dat/idx pair of files corresponding to my timezones collection. So, instead of calling collection.find_one I call index.intersection. Surprisingly, not only there is no improvement, but it works even more slowly now! May be rtree could be fine tuned to load the entire dat/idx pair into RAM (704M), but I do not know how to do it. Until then, it is not an alternative. In general, I think the solution should involve parallelization of the task. EDIT3 Profile output when using collection.find_one: >>> p.sort_stats('cumulative').print_stats(10) Tue Apr 10 14:28:39 2012 ImportDataIntoMongo.profile 64549590 function calls (64549180 primitive calls) in 1231.257 seconds Ordered by: cumulative time List reduced from 730 to 10 due to restriction <10> ncalls tottime percall cumtime percall filename:lineno(function) 1 0.012 0.012 1231.257 1231.257 ImportDataIntoMongo.py:1(<module>) 1 0.001 0.001 1230.959 1230.959 ImportDataIntoMongo.py:187(main) 1 853.558 853.558 853.558 853.558 {raw_input} 1 0.598 0.598 370.510 370.510 ImportDataIntoMongo.py:165(insert_documents) 343407 9.965 0.000 359.034 0.001 ImportDataIntoMongo.py:137(read_csv_zip) 343408 2.927 0.000 287.035 0.001 c:\python27\lib\site-packages\pymongo\collection.py:489(find_one) 343408 1.842 0.000 274.803 0.001 c:\python27\lib\site-packages\pymongo\cursor.py:699(next) 343408 2.542 0.000 271.212 0.001 c:\python27\lib\site-packages\pymongo\cursor.py:644(_refresh) 343408 4.512 0.000 253.673 0.001 c:\python27\lib\site-packages\pymongo\cursor.py:605(__send_message) 343408 0.971 0.000 242.078 0.001 c:\python27\lib\site-packages\pymongo\connection.py:871(_send_message_with_response) Profile output when using index.intersection: >>> p.sort_stats('cumulative').print_stats(10) Wed Apr 11 16:21:31 2012 ImportDataIntoMongo.profile 41542960 function calls (41542536 primitive calls) in 2889.164 seconds Ordered by: cumulative time List reduced from 778 to 10 due to restriction <10> ncalls tottime percall cumtime percall filename:lineno(function) 1 0.028 0.028 2889.164 2889.164 ImportDataIntoMongo.py:1(<module>) 1 0.017 0.017 2888.679 2888.679 ImportDataIntoMongo.py:202(main) 1 2365.526 2365.526 2365.526 2365.526 {raw_input} 1 0.766 0.766 502.817 502.817 ImportDataIntoMongo.py:180(insert_documents) 343407 9.147 0.000 491.433 0.001 ImportDataIntoMongo.py:152(read_csv_zip) 343406 0.571 0.000 391.394 0.001 c:\python27\lib\site-packages\rtree-0.7.0-py2.7.egg\rtree\index.py:384(intersection) 343406 379.957 0.001 390.824 0.001 c:\python27\lib\site-packages\rtree-0.7.0-py2.7.egg\rtree\index.py:435(_intersection_obj) 686513 22.616 0.000 38.705 0.000 c:\python27\lib\site-packages\rtree-0.7.0-py2.7.egg\rtree\index.py:451(_get_objects) 343406 6.134 0.000 33.326 0.000 ImportDataIntoMongo.py:162(<dictcomp>) 346 0.396 0.001 30.665 0.089 c:\python27\lib\site-packages\pymongo\collection.py:240(insert) EDIT4 I have parallelized the code, but the results are still not very encouraging. I am convinced it could be done better. See my own answer to this question for details.

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• Why doesn't JFreeCharts correctly connect the points in my xy-line graph?

  - by Javajava

  /Each letter A,T,G,C represents a direction for the plot to graph. Specifically, “A” means move right, “T” is move down, “C” is move up, and “G” is move left. When the applet reads A,T,C, it plots the graph correctly. However, when I plot G, the graph is messed up. When I input "ACACACA," the graph is like a rising staircase. When I input "gtgtgt," the graph should look like a staircase, but it looks like a lightning bolt instead/ /This is all one code... i don't know why it's all split up like this:/ import java.applet.Applet; import java.awt.*; import java.awt.event.*; import java.util.Scanner.*; import java.jfree.chart.*; import java.jfree.data.xy.*; import java.jfree.chart.plot.PlotOrientation; public class If_Graph extends Applet implements ActionListener{ Panel panel; TextArea textarea, outputArea; Button move; String thetext; Scanner reader = new Scanner(System.in); String thetext2; int size,p,q; int x,y; public void init(){ setSize(500,500); //set size of applet panel = new Panel(); add(panel); setVisible(true); textarea= new TextArea(10,20); add(textarea); move=new Button("Graph"); move.addActionListener(this); add(move); } public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { XYSeries series = new XYSeries("DNA Walk"); x= 0; y = 0; series.add(x,y); if(e.getSource() == move) { thetext=textarea.getText(); //the text is the DNA bases pasted thetext=thetext.replaceAll(" ",""); //removes spaces thetext2 = ""; for(int i=0; i<thetext.length(); i++) { char a = thetext.charAt(i); switch (a) { case 'A': //moves right x+=1; y+=0; series.add(x,y); break; case 'a': x+=1;y+=0; series.add(x,y); break; case 'C': //moves up x+=0; y+=1; series.add(x,y); break; case 'c': x+=0; y+=1; System.out.println(x + "," + y); series.add(x,y); break; case 'G': //move left x-=1; y+=0; series.add(x,y); System.out.println("G is: "+ x +"," +y); break; case 'g': x-=1; y+=0; System.out.println("g is: " +x + "," + y); series.add(x,y); break; case 'T': //move down x+=0; y-=1; series.add(x,y); System.out.println("T is: "+ x +"," +y); break; case 't': x+=0; y-=1; series.add(x,y); System.out.println("t is: "+ x +"," +y); break; default: // series.add(0,0); break; } } XYDataset xyDataset = new XYSeriesCollection(series); JFreeChart chart = ChartFactory.createXYLineChart ("DNA Random Walk", "", "", xyDataset, PlotOrientation.VERTICAL, true, true, false); ChartFrame frame1=new ChartFrame("DNA Random Walk",chart); frame1.setVisible(true); frame1.setSize(300,300); outputArea.setText(thetext2); } } }

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• Partially Modifying an XML serialized document.

  - by Stacey

  I have an XML document, several actually, that will be editable via a front-end UI. I've discovered a problem with this approach (other than the fact that it is using xml files instead of a database... but I cannot change that right now). If one user makes a change while another user is in the process of making a change, then the second one's changes will overwrite the first. I need to be able to request objects from the xml files, change them, and then submit the changes back to the xml file without re-writing the entire file. I've got my entire xml access class posted here (which was formed thanks to wonderful help from stackoverflow!) using System; using System.Linq; using System.Collections; using System.Collections.Generic; namespace Repositories { /// <summary> /// A file base repository represents a data backing that is stored in an .xml file. /// </summary> public partial class Repository<T> : IRepository { /// <summary> /// Default constructor for a file repository /// </summary> public Repository() { } /// <summary> /// Initialize a basic repository with a filename. This will have to be passed from a context to be mapped. /// </summary> /// <param name="filename"></param> public Repository(string filename) { FileName = filename; } /// <summary> /// Discovers a single item from this repository. /// </summary> /// <typeparam name="TItem">The type of item to recover.</typeparam> /// <typeparam name="TCollection">The collection the item belongs to.</typeparam> /// <param name="expression"></param> /// <returns></returns> public TItem Single<TItem, TCollection>(Predicate<TItem> expression) where TCollection : IDisposable, IEnumerable<TItem> { using (var list = List<TCollection>()) { return list.Single(i => expression(i)); } } /// <summary> /// Discovers a collection from the repository, /// </summary> /// <typeparam name="TCollection"></typeparam> /// <returns></returns> public TCollection List<TCollection>() where TCollection : IDisposable { using (var list = System.Xml.Serializer.Deserialize<TCollection>(FileName)) { return (TCollection)list; } } /// <summary> /// Discovers a single item from this repository. /// </summary> /// <typeparam name="TItem">The type of item to recover.</typeparam> /// <typeparam name="TCollection">The collection the item belongs to.</typeparam> /// <param name="expression"></param> /// <returns></returns> public List<TItem> Select<TItem, TCollection>(Predicate<TItem> expression) where TCollection : IDisposable, IEnumerable<TItem> { using (var list = List<TCollection>()) { return list.Where( i => expression(i) ).ToList<TItem>(); } } /// <summary> /// Attempts to save an entire collection. /// </summary> /// <typeparam name="TCollection"></typeparam> /// <param name="collection"></param> /// <returns></returns> public Boolean Save<TCollection>(TCollection collection) { try { // load the collection into an xml reader and try to serialize it. System.Xml.XmlDocument xDoc = new System.Xml.XmlDocument(); xDoc.LoadXml(System.Xml.Serializer.Serialize<TCollection>(collection)); // attempt to flush the file xDoc.Save(FileName); // assume success return true; } catch { return false; } } internal string FileName { get; private set; } } public interface IRepository { TItem Single<TItem, TCollection>(Predicate<TItem> expression) where TCollection : IDisposable, IEnumerable<TItem>; TCollection List<TCollection>() where TCollection : IDisposable; List<TItem> Select<TItem, TCollection>(Predicate<TItem> expression) where TCollection : IDisposable, IEnumerable<TItem>; Boolean Save<TCollection>(TCollection collection); } }

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• SimpleXMLElement empty object

  - by Mike

  Hi, I am trying to parse an xml file using XmlReader but although I am getting a return from the xml file for the (commission) node for some reason I am getting an empty SimpleXMLElement Object returned as well. I don't know if its something to do with while loop,switch or something I missed in the parse setup. This is the xml file I am trying to read from, as you can see there is only 1 result returned: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <cj-api> <commissions total-matched="1"> <commission> <action-status> new </action-status> <action-type> lead </action-type> <aid> 10730981 </aid> <commission-id> 1021015513 </commission-id> <country> </country> <event-date> 2010-05-08T08:08:55-0700 </event-date> <locking-date> 2010-06-10 </locking-date> <order-id> 345007 </order-id> <original> true </original> <original-action-id> 787692438 </original-action-id> <posting-date> 2010-05-08T10:01:22-0700 </posting-date> <website-id> 3201921 </website-id> <cid> 2815954 </cid> <advertiser-name> SPS EurosportBET </advertiser-name> <commission-amount> 0 </commission-amount> <order-discount> 0 </order-discount> <sid> 0 </sid> <sale-amount> 0 </sale-amount> </commission> </commissions> </cj-api> This is my parser: <?php // read $response (xml feed) $file = "datafeed.xml"; $xml = new XMLReader; $xml->open($file); // loop to read in data while ($xml->read()) { switch ($xml->name) { // find the parent node for each commission payment case 'commission': // initalise xml parser $dom = new DomDocument(); $dom_node = $xml ->expand(); $element = $dom->appendChild($dom_node); $dom_string = $dom->saveXML($element); $commission = new SimpleXMLElement($dom_string); // read in data $action_status = $commission->{'action-status'}; $action_type = $commission->{'action-type'}; $aid = $commission->{'aid'}; $commission_id = $commission->{'commission-id'}; $country = $commission->{'country'}; $event_date = $commission->{'event-date'}; $locking_date = $commission->{'locking-date'}; $order_id = $commission->{'order-id'}; $original = $commission->{'original'}; $original_action_id = $commission->{'original_action-id'}; $posting_date = $commission->{'posting-date'}; $website_id = $commission->{'website-id'}; $cid = $commission->{'cid'}; $advertiser_name = $commission->{'advertiser-name'}; $commission_amount = $commission->{'commission-amount'}; $order_discount = $commission->{'order-discount'}; $sid = $commission->{'sid'}; $sale_amount = $commission->{'sale-amount'}; print_r($aid); break; } } ?> The result is : SimpleXMLElement Object ( [0] => 10730981 ) SimpleXMLElement Object ( ) Why is it returning the second object: SimpleXMLElement Object ( ) and what do I need to do correct it? Thanks.

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• Unwanted character being added to string in C

  - by Church

  I have a program that gives you shipping addresses from an input file. However at the beginning of one of the strings, order.add_one, a number is being added to the beginning of the string, that number is equivalent to the variable "choice" every time. Why is it doing this? #include <stdio.h> #include <math.h> #include <string.h> //structure typedef struct {char cust_name[25]; char cust_id[3]; char add_one[30]; char add_two[30]; char bike; char risky; int number_ordered; char cust_information[500]; }ORDER; ORDER order; int main(void){ fflush(stdin); system ( "clear" ); //initialize variables float price; float m = 359.95; float s = 279.95; //while loop, runs until user declares they no longer wish to input orders while (1==1){ printf("Options: \nEnter Customer information manually : 1 \nSearch Customer by ID(input.txt reader) : 2 \n"); int option = 0; scanf(" %d", &option); if (option == 1){ //Print and scan statements printf("Enter Customer Information\n"); printf("Customer Name: "); scanf(" %[^\n]s", &order.cust_name); printf("\nEnter Address Line One: "); scanf(" %[^\n]s", &order.add_one); printf("\nEnter Addres Line Two: "); scanf(" %[^\n]s", &order.add_two); printf("\nHow Many Bicycles Are Ordered: "); scanf(" %d", &order.number_ordered); printf("\nWhat Type Of Bike Is Ordered\n M Mountain Bike \n S Street Bike"); printf("\nChoose One (M or S): "); scanf(" %c", &order.bike); printf("\nIs The Customer Risky (Y/N): "); scanf(" %c", &order.risky); system ( "clear" ); } if (option == 2){ FILE *fpt; fpt = fopen("input.txt", "r"); if (fpt==NULL){ printf("Text file did not open\n"); return 1; } printf("Enter Customer ID: "); scanf("%s", &order.cust_id); char choice; choice = order.cust_id[0]; char x[3]; int w, u, y, z; char a[10], b[10], c[10], d[10], e[20], f[10], g[10], i[1], j[1]; int h; printf("%s value of c", c); if (choice >='1'){ while ((w = fgetc(fpt)) != '\n' ){ } } if (choice >='2'){ while ((u = fgetc(fpt)) != '\n' ){ } } if (choice >='3'){ while ((y = fgetc(fpt)) != '\n' ){ } } if (choice >= '4'){ while ((z = fgetc(fpt)) != '\n' ){ } } printf("\n"); fscanf(fpt, "%s", x); fscanf(fpt, "%s", a); printf("%s", a); strcat(order.cust_name, a); fscanf(fpt, " %s", b); printf(" %s", b); strcat(order.cust_name, " "); strcat(order.cust_name, b); fscanf(fpt, "%s", c); printf(" %s", c); strcat(order.add_one, "\0"); strcat(order.add_one, c); fscanf(fpt, "%s", d); printf(" %s", d); strcat(order.add_one, " "); strcat(order.add_one, d); fscanf(fpt, "%s", e); printf(" %s", e); strcat(order.add_two, e); fscanf(fpt, "%s", f); printf(" %s", f); strcat(order.add_two, " "); strcat(order.add_two, f); fscanf(fpt, "%s", g); printf(" %s", g); strcat(order.add_two, " "); strcat(order.add_two, g); strcat(order.add_two, "\0"); fscanf(fpt, "%d", &h); printf(" %d", h); order.number_ordered = h; fscanf(fpt, "%s", i); printf(" %s", i); order.bike = i[0]; fscanf(fpt, "%s", j); printf(" %s", j); order.risky = j[0]; fclose(fpt); printf("%s %s %s %d %c %c", order.cust_name, order.add_one, order.add_two, order.number_ordered, order.bike, order.risky); }

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• Calling class in Java after editing file used in as source for table

  - by user2892290

  I'm currently working on a project, I'll try to subrscibe first. I save data into text file, that I use as a source for browser of that data. The browser is based on table that contains the data. I have to rewrite the source file everytime I delete or edit data. That's where the problem comes in. After deleting or editing data I call a method to create the table again, but the table never creates. Is it possibly made by editing the file and calling the method right after that? If I restart my app the table is successfully created with right data. Take in note that I don't get any error message. This is the method I use for loading data from source file: try (BufferedReader input1 = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("./src/data.src"))) { int lines = 0; while (input1.read() != -1) { if (!(input1.readLine()).equals("")) { lines++; } } input1.close(); if (lines == 0) { JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "No data to load, create a note first!"); new Writer().build(frame); } else { try (BufferedReader input = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("./src/data.src"))) { Game[] g = new Game[lines]; String currentLine; String[] help; int counter = 0; while (lines > 0) { currentLine = input.readLine(); help = currentLine.split("#"); g[counter] = new Game(help[0],help[1], help[2], help[3], help[4], help[5], help[6], help[7], help[8], help[9]); counter++; lines--; } input.close(); final JButton bButton = new backButton().create(frame, mPanel); build(g, frame, bButton); mPanel.add(panel); mPanel.add(panel2); mPanel.add(searchPanel); mPanel.add(bButton); bButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { frame.setCursor(Cursor.getPredefinedCursor(Cursor.WAIT_CURSOR)); panel.removeAll(); frame.setCursor(Cursor.getDefaultCursor()); } }); mPanel.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(1000, 750)); panel.setBorder(new EmptyBorder(10, 10, 10, 10)); frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout()); frame.add(mPanel); frame.pack(); JMenuBar menuBar = new Menu().create(frame, mPanel); frame.setJMenuBar(menuBar); frame.setVisible(true); Rectangle rec = GraphicsEnvironment.getLocalGraphicsEnvironment().getMaximumWindowBounds(); int width = (int) rec.getWidth(); int height = (int) rec.getHeight(); frame.setBounds(1, 3, width, height); frame.addComponentListener(new ComponentAdapter() { @Override public void componentMoved(ComponentEvent e) { frame.setLocation(1, 3); } }); And this is the method I use for creating the table: String[][] tableData = new String[g.length][9]; for (int i = 0; i < tableData.length; i++) { tableData[i][0] = g[i].getChampion(); tableData[i][1] = g[i].getRole(); tableData[i][2] = g[i].getEnemy(); tableData[i][3] = g[i].getDifficulty(); tableData[i][4] = g[i].getResult(); tableData[i][5] = g[i].getScore(); tableData[i][6] = g[i].getGameType(); tableData[i][7] = g[i].getPoints(); tableData[i][8] = g[i].getLeague(); } final JLabel searchLabel = new JLabel("Search for champion played."); final JButton searchButton = new JButton("Search"); final JTextField searchText = new JTextField(20); frame.setTitle("LoL Notepad - reading your notes"); JTable table = new JTable(tableData, columnNames); final JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(table); scrollPane.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(980, 500)); panel2.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(1000, 550)); panel2.setVisible(false); panel2.setBorder(new EmptyBorder(10, 10, 10, 10)); panel3.setVisible(false); panel.setLayout(new FlowLayout()); panel.add(scrollPane); searchPanel.add(searchLabel); searchPanel.add(searchText); searchPanel.add(searchButton); searchButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { try { frame.setCursor(Cursor.getPredefinedCursor(Cursor.WAIT_CURSOR)); search(g, searchText.getText(), frame, bButton); frame.setCursor(Cursor.getDefaultCursor()); } catch (IOException ex) { Logger.getLogger(Reader.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex); } } }); table.addMouseListener(new MouseAdapter() { @Override public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) { if (e.getClickCount() == 1) { JTable target = (JTable) e.getSource(); panel.setVisible(false); searchPanel.setVisible(false); bButton.setVisible(false); int row = target.getSelectedRow(); specific(row, g, frame, bButton); } } });

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• android listview loadmore button with xml parsing

  - by user1780331

  Hi i have to developed listview with load more button using xml parsing in android application. Here i have faced some problem. my xml feed is empty means how can hide the load more button on last page. i have used below code here. public class CustomizedListView extends Activity { // All static variables private String URL = "http://dev.mmm.com/xctesting/xcart444pro/retrieve.php?page=1"; // XML node keys static final String KEY_SONG = "Order"; static final String KEY_TITLE = "orderid"; static final String KEY_DATE = "date"; static final String KEY_ARTIST = "payment_method"; int current_page = 1; ListView lv; LazyAdapter adapter; ProgressDialog pDialog; @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); lv = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.list); ArrayList<HashMap<String, String>> songsList = new ArrayList<HashMap<String, String>>(); XMLParser parser = new XMLParser(); String xml = parser.getXmlFromUrl(URL); // getting XML from URL Document doc = parser.getDomElement(xml); // getting DOM element NodeList nl = doc.getElementsByTagName(KEY_SONG); // looping through all song nodes <song> for (int i = 0; i < nl.getLength(); i++) { // creating new HashMap HashMap<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>(); Element e = (Element) nl.item(i); // adding each child node to HashMap key => value map.put(KEY_ID, parser.getValue(e, KEY_ID)); map.put(KEY_TITLE, parser.getValue(e, KEY_TITLE)); map.put(KEY_ARTIST, parser.getValue(e, KEY_ARTIST)); songsList.add(map); } Button btnLoadMore = new Button(this); btnLoadMore.setText("Load More"); btnLoadMore.setBackgroundResource(R.drawable.lgnbttn); // Adding Load More button to lisview at bottom lv.addFooterView(btnLoadMore); // Getting adapter adapter = new LazyAdapter(this, songsList); lv.setAdapter(adapter); btnLoadMore.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View arg0) { // Starting a new async task new loadMoreListView().execute(); } }); } private class loadMoreListView extends AsyncTask<Void, Void, Void> { @Override protected void onPreExecute() { // Showing progress dialog before sending http request pDialog = new ProgressDialog( CustomizedListView.this); pDialog.setMessage("Please wait.."); //pDialog.setIndeterminateDrawable(getResources().getDrawable(R.drawable.my_progress_indeterminate)); pDialog.setIndeterminate(true); pDialog.setCancelable(false); pDialog.show(); pDialog.setContentView(R.layout.custom_dialog); } protected Void doInBackground(Void... unused) { current_page += 1; // Next page request URL = "http://dev.mmm.com/xctesting/xcart444pro/retrieve.php?page=" + current_page; ArrayList<HashMap<String, String>> songsList = new ArrayList<HashMap<String, String>>(); XMLParser parser = new XMLParser(); String xml = parser.getXmlFromUrl(URL); // getting XML from URL Document doc = parser.getDomElement(xml); // getting DOM element NodeList nl = doc.getElementsByTagName(KEY_SONG); NodeList nl = doc.getElementsByTagName(KEY_SONG); if (nl.getLength() == 0) { btnLoadMore.setVisibility(View.GONE); pDialog.dismiss(); } else // looping through all item nodes <item> for (int i = 0; i < nl.getLength(); i++) { // creating new HashMap HashMap<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>(); Element e = (Element) nl.item(i); // adding each child node to HashMap key => value map.put(KEY_ID, parser.getValue(e, KEY_ID)); map.put(KEY_TITLE, parser.getValue(e, KEY_TITLE)); map.put(KEY_ARTIST, parser.getValue(e, KEY_ARTIST)); songsList.add(map); } // get listview current position - used to maintain scroll position int currentPosition = lv.getFirstVisiblePosition(); // Appending new data to menuItems ArrayList adapter = new LazyAdapter( CustomizedListView.this, songsList); lv.setAdapter(adapter); lv.setSelectionFromTop(currentPosition + 1, 0); } }); return (null); } protected void onPostExecute(Void unused) { // closing progress dialog pDialog.dismiss(); } } } EDIT: Here i have to run the app means the listview is displayed on perpage 4 items.my last page having 1 item.please refer this screenshot:http://screencast.com/t/fTl4FETd In last page i have to click the load more button means have to go next activity and successfully hide the button on empty page..please refer this screenshot:http://screencast.com/t/wyG5zdp3r i have to check the condition for empty page: if (nl.getLength() == 0) { btnLoadMore.setVisibility(View.GONE); pDialog.dismiss(); } How can i write the conditon fot last page?????pleas ehelp me Here i wish to need the o/p is hide the button on last page. Please help me.how can i check the condition.give me some code programmatically.

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• Where does ASP.NET Web API Fit?

  - by Rick Strahl

  With the pending release of ASP.NET MVC 4 and the new ASP.NET Web API, there has been a lot of discussion of where the new Web API technology fits in the ASP.NET Web stack. There are a lot of choices to build HTTP based applications available now on the stack - we've come a long way from when WebForms and Http Handlers/Modules where the only real options. Today we have WebForms, MVC, ASP.NET Web Pages, ASP.NET AJAX, WCF REST and now Web API as well as the core ASP.NET runtime to choose to build HTTP content with. Web API definitely squarely addresses the 'API' aspect - building consumable services - rather than HTML content, but even to that end there are a lot of choices you have today. So where does Web API fit, and when doesn't it? But before we get into that discussion, let's talk about what a Web API is and why we should care. What's a Web API? HTTP 'APIs' (Microsoft's new terminology for a service I guess)  are becoming increasingly more important with the rise of the many devices in use today. Most mobile devices like phones and tablets run Apps that are using data retrieved from the Web over HTTP. Desktop applications are also moving in this direction with more and more online content and synching moving into even traditional desktop applications. The pending Windows 8 release promises an app like platform for both the desktop and other devices, that also emphasizes consuming data from the Cloud. Likewise many Web browser hosted applications these days are relying on rich client functionality to create and manipulate the browser user interface, using AJAX rather than server generated HTML data to load up the user interface with data. These mobile or rich Web applications use their HTTP connection to return data rather than HTML markup in the form of JSON or XML typically. But an API can also serve other kinds of data, like images or other binary files, or even text data and HTML (although that's less common). A Web API is what feeds rich applications with data. ASP.NET Web API aims to service this particular segment of Web development by providing easy semantics to route and handle incoming requests and an easy to use platform to serve HTTP data in just about any content format you choose to create and serve from the server. But .NET already has various HTTP Platforms The .NET stack already includes a number of technologies that provide the ability to create HTTP service back ends, and it has done so since the very beginnings of the .NET platform. From raw HTTP Handlers and Modules in the core ASP.NET runtime, to high level platforms like ASP.NET MVC, Web Forms, ASP.NET AJAX and the WCF REST engine (which technically is not ASP.NET, but can integrate with it), you've always been able to handle just about any kind of HTTP request and response with ASP.NET. The beauty of the raw ASP.NET platform is that it provides you everything you need to build just about any type of HTTP application you can dream up from low level APIs/custom engines to high level HTML generation engine. ASP.NET as a core platform clearly has stood the test of time 10+ years later and all other frameworks like Web API are built on top of this ASP.NET core. However, although it's possible to create Web APIs / Services using any of the existing out of box .NET technologies, none of them have been a really nice fit for building arbitrary HTTP based APIs. Sure, you can use an HttpHandler to create just about anything, but you have to build a lot of plumbing to build something more complex like a comprehensive API that serves a variety of requests, handles multiple output formats and can easily pass data up to the server in a variety of ways. Likewise you can use ASP.NET MVC to handle routing and creating content in various formats fairly easily, but it doesn't provide a great way to automatically negotiate content types and serve various content formats directly (it's possible to do with some plumbing code of your own but not built in). Prior to Web API, Microsoft's main push for HTTP services has been WCF REST, which was always an awkward technology that had a severe personality conflict, not being clear on whether it wanted to be part of WCF or purely a separate technology. In the end it didn't do either WCF compatibility or WCF agnostic pure HTTP operation very well, which made for a very developer-unfriendly environment. Personally I didn't like any of the implementations at the time, so much so that I ended up building my own HTTP service engine (as part of the West Wind Web Toolkit), as have a few other third party tools that provided much better integration and ease of use. With the release of Web API for the first time I feel that I can finally use the tools in the box and not have to worry about creating and maintaining my own toolkit as Web API addresses just about all the features I implemented on my own and much more. ASP.NET Web API provides a better HTTP Experience ASP.NET Web API differentiates itself from the previous Microsoft in-box HTTP service solutions in that it was built from the ground up around the HTTP protocol and its messaging semantics. Unlike WCF REST or ASP.NET AJAX with ASMX, it’s a brand new platform rather than bolted on technology that is supposed to work in the context of an existing framework. The strength of the new ASP.NET Web API is that it combines the best features of the platforms that came before it, to provide a comprehensive and very usable HTTP platform. Because it's based on ASP.NET and borrows a lot of concepts from ASP.NET MVC, Web API should be immediately familiar and comfortable to most ASP.NET developers. Here are some of the features that Web API provides that I like: Strong Support for URL Routing to produce clean URLs using familiar MVC style routing semantics Content Negotiation based on Accept headers for request and response serialization Support for a host of supported output formats including JSON, XML, ATOM Strong default support for REST semantics but they are optional Easily extensible Formatter support to add new input/output types Deep support for more advanced HTTP features via HttpResponseMessage and HttpRequestMessage classes and strongly typed Enums to describe many HTTP operations Convention based design that drives you into doing the right thing for HTTP Services Very extensible, based on MVC like extensibility model of Formatters and Filters Self-hostable in non-Web applications  Testable using testing concepts similar to MVC Web API is meant to handle any kind of HTTP input and produce output and status codes using the full spectrum of HTTP functionality available in a straight forward and flexible manner. Looking at the list above you can see that a lot of functionality is very similar to ASP.NET MVC, so many ASP.NET developers should feel quite comfortable with the concepts of Web API. The Routing and core infrastructure of Web API are very similar to how MVC works providing many of the benefits of MVC, but with focus on HTTP access and manipulation in Controller methods rather than HTML generation in MVC. There’s much improved support for content negotiation based on HTTP Accept headers with the framework capable of detecting automatically what content the client is sending and requesting and serving the appropriate data format in return. This seems like such a little and obvious thing, but it's really important. Today's service backends often are used by multiple clients/applications and being able to choose the right data format for what fits best for the client is very important. While previous solutions were able to accomplish this using a variety of mixed features of WCF and ASP.NET, Web API combines all this functionality into a single robust server side HTTP framework that intrinsically understands the HTTP semantics and subtly drives you in the right direction for most operations. And when you need to customize or do something that is not built in, there are lots of hooks and overrides for most behaviors, and even many low level hook points that allow you to plug in custom functionality with relatively little effort. No Brainers for Web API There are a few scenarios that are a slam dunk for Web API. If your primary focus of an application or even a part of an application is some sort of API then Web API makes great sense. HTTP ServicesIf you're building a comprehensive HTTP API that is to be consumed over the Web, Web API is a perfect fit. You can isolate the logic in Web API and build your application as a service breaking out the logic into controllers as needed. Because the primary interface is the service there's no confusion of what should go where (MVC or API). Perfect fit. Primary AJAX BackendsIf you're building rich client Web applications that are relying heavily on AJAX callbacks to serve its data, Web API is also a slam dunk. Again because much if not most of the business logic will probably end up in your Web API service logic, there's no confusion over where logic should go and there's no duplication. In Single Page Applications (SPA), typically there's very little HTML based logic served other than bringing up a shell UI and then filling the data from the server with AJAX which means the business logic required for data retrieval and data acceptance and validation too lives in the Web API. Perfect fit. Generic HTTP EndpointsAnother good fit are generic HTTP endpoints that to serve data or handle 'utility' type functionality in typical Web applications. If you need to implement an image server, or an upload handler in the past I'd implement that as an HTTP handler. With Web API you now have a well defined place where you can implement these types of generic 'services' in a location that can easily add endpoints (via Controller methods) or separated out as more full featured APIs. Granted this could be done with MVC as well, but Web API seems a clearer and more well defined place to store generic application services. This is one thing I used to do a lot of in my own libraries and Web API addresses this nicely. Great fit. Mixed HTML and AJAX Applications: Not a clear Choice  For all the commonality that Web API and MVC share they are fundamentally different platforms that are independent of each other. A lot of people have asked when does it make sense to use MVC vs. Web API when you're dealing with typical Web application that creates HTML and also uses AJAX functionality for rich functionality. While it's easy to say that all 'service'/AJAX logic should go into a Web API and all HTML related generation into MVC, that can often result in a lot of code duplication. Also MVC supports JSON and XML result data fairly easily as well so there's some confusion where that 'trigger point' is of when you should switch to Web API vs. just implementing functionality as part of MVC controllers. Ultimately there's a tradeoff between isolation of functionality and duplication. A good rule of thumb I think works is that if a large chunk of the application's functionality serves data Web API is a good choice, but if you have a couple of small AJAX requests to serve data to a grid or autocomplete box it'd be overkill to separate out that logic into a separate Web API controller. Web API does add overhead to your application (it's yet another framework that sits on top of core ASP.NET) so it should be worth it .Keep in mind that MVC can generate HTML and JSON/XML and just about any other content easily and that functionality is not going away, so just because you Web API is there it doesn't mean you have to use it. Web API is not a full replacement for MVC obviously either since there's not the same level of support to feed HTML from Web API controllers (although you can host a RazorEngine easily enough if you really want to go that route) so if you're HTML is part of your API or application in general MVC is still a better choice either alone or in combination with Web API. I suspect (and hope) that in the future Web API's functionality will merge even closer with MVC so that you might even be able to mix functionality of both into single Controllers so that you don't have to make any trade offs, but at the moment that's not the case. Some Issues To think about Web API is similar to MVC but not the Same Although Web API looks a lot like MVC it's not the same and some common functionality of MVC behaves differently in Web API. For example, the way single POST variables are handled is different than MVC and doesn't lend itself particularly well to some AJAX scenarios with POST data. Code Duplication I already touched on this in the Mixed HTML and Web API section, but if you build an MVC application that also exposes a Web API it's quite likely that you end up duplicating a bunch of code and - potentially - infrastructure. You may have to create authentication logic both for an HTML application and for the Web API which might need something different altogether. More often than not though the same logic is used, and there's no easy way to share. If you implement an MVC ActionFilter and you want that same functionality in your Web API you'll end up creating the filter twice. AJAX Data or AJAX HTML On a recent post's comments, David made some really good points regarding the commonality of MVC and Web API's and its place. One comment that caught my eye was a little more generic, regarding data services vs. HTML services. David says: I see a lot of merit in the combination of Knockout.js, client side templates and view models, calling Web API for a responsive UI, but sometimes late at night that still leaves me wondering why I would no longer be using some of the nice tooling and features that have evolved in MVC ;-) You know what - I can totally relate to that. On the last Web based mobile app I worked on, we decided to serve HTML partials to the client via AJAX for many (but not all!) things, rather than sending down raw data to inject into the DOM on the client via templating or direct manipulation. While there are definitely more bytes on the wire, with this, the overhead ended up being actually fairly small if you keep the 'data' requests small and atomic. Performance was often made up by the lack of client side rendering of HTML. Server rendered HTML for AJAX templating gives so much better infrastructure support without having to screw around with 20 mismatched client libraries. Especially with MVC and partials it's pretty easy to break out your HTML logic into very small, atomic chunks, so it's actually easy to create small rendering islands that can be used via composition on the server, or via AJAX calls to small, tight partials that return HTML to the client. Although this is often frowned upon as to 'heavy', it worked really well in terms of developer effort as well as providing surprisingly good performance on devices. There's still plenty of jQuery and AJAX logic happening on the client but it's more manageable in small doses rather than trying to do the entire UI composition with JavaScript and/or 'not-quite-there-yet' template engines that are very difficult to debug. This is not an issue directly related to Web API of course, but something to think about especially for AJAX or SPA style applications. Summary Web API is a great new addition to the ASP.NET platform and it addresses a serious need for consolidation of a lot of half-baked HTTP service API technologies that came before it. Web API feels 'right', and hits the right combination of usability and flexibility at least for me and it's a good fit for true API scenarios. However, just because a new platform is available it doesn't meant that other tools or tech that came before it should be discarded or even upgraded to the new platform. There's nothing wrong with continuing to use MVC controller methods to handle API tasks if that's what your app is running now - there's very little to be gained by upgrading to Web API just because. But going forward Web API clearly is the way to go, when building HTTP data interfaces and it's good to see that Microsoft got this one right - it was sorely needed! Resources ASP.NET Web API AspConf Ask the Experts Session (first 5 minutes) © Rick Strahl, West Wind Technologies, 2005-2012Posted in Web Api   Tweet !function(d,s,id){var js,fjs=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];if(!d.getElementById(id)){js=d.createElement(s);js.id=id;js.src="//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js";fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js,fjs);}}(document,"script","twitter-wjs"); (function() { var po = document.createElement('script'); po.type = 'text/javascript'; po.async = true; po.src = 'https://apis.google.com/js/plusone.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(po, s); })();

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• Use IIS Application Initialization for keeping ASP.NET Apps alive

  - by Rick Strahl

  I've been working quite a bit with Windows Services in the recent months, and well, it turns out that Windows Services are quite a bear to debug, deploy, update and maintain. The process of getting services set up,  debugged and updated is a major chore that has to be extensively documented and or automated specifically. On most projects when a service is built, people end up scrambling for the right 'process' to use for administration. Web app deployment and maintenance on the other hand are common and well understood today, as we are constantly dealing with Web apps. There's plenty of infrastructure and tooling built into Web Tools like Visual Studio to facilitate the process. By comparison Windows Services or anything self-hosted for that matter seems convoluted.In fact, in a recent blog post I mentioned that on a recent project I'd been using self-hosting for SignalR inside of a Windows service, because the application is in fact a 'service' that also needs to send out lots of messages via SignalR. But the reality is that it could just as well be an IIS application with a service component that runs in the background. Either way you look at it, it's either a Windows Service with a built in Web Server, or an IIS application running a Service application, neither of which follows the standard Service or Web App template.Personally I much prefer Web applications. Running inside of IIS I get all the benefits of the IIS platform including service lifetime management (crash and restart), controlled shutdowns, the whole security infrastructure including easy certificate support, hot-swapping of code and the the ability to publish directly to IIS from within Visual Studio with ease.Because of these benefits we set out to move from the self hosted service into an ASP.NET Web app instead.The Missing Link for ASP.NET as a Service: Auto-LoadingI've had moments in the past where I wanted to run a 'service like' application in ASP.NET because when you think about it, it's so much easier to control a Web application remotely. Services are locked into start/stop operations, but if you host inside of a Web app you can write your own ticket and control it from anywhere. In fact nearly 10 years ago I built a background scheduling application that ran inside of ASP.NET and it worked great and it's still running doing its job today.The tricky part for running an app as a service inside of IIS then and now, is how to get IIS and ASP.NET launched so your 'service' stays alive even after an Application Pool reset. 7 years ago I faked it by using a web monitor (my own West Wind Web Monitor app) I was running anyway to monitor my various web sites for uptime, and having the monitor ping my 'service' every 20 seconds to effectively keep ASP.NET alive or fire it back up after a reload. I used a simple scheduler class that also includes some logic for 'self-reloading'. Hacky for sure, but it worked reliably.Luckily today it's much easier and more integrated to get IIS to launch ASP.NET as soon as an Application Pool is started by using the Application Initialization Module. The Application Initialization Module basically allows you to turn on Preloading on the Application Pool and the Site/IIS App, which essentially fires a request through the IIS pipeline as soon as the Application Pool has been launched. This means that effectively your ASP.NET app becomes active immediately, Application_Start is fired making sure your app stays up and running at all times. All the other features like Application Pool recycling and auto-shutdown after idle time still work, but IIS will then always immediately re-launch the application.Getting started with Application InitializationAs of IIS 8 Application Initialization is part of the IIS feature set. For IIS 7 and 7.5 there's a separate download available via Web Platform Installer. Using IIS 8 Application Initialization is an optional install component in Windows or the Windows Server Role Manager: This is an optional component so make sure you explicitly select it.IIS Configuration for Application InitializationInitialization needs to be applied on the Application Pool as well as the IIS Application level. As of IIS 8 these settings can be made through the IIS Administration console.Start with the Application Pool:Here you need to set both the Start Automatically which is always set, and the StartMode which should be set to AlwaysRunning. Both have to be set - the Start Automatically flag is set true by default and controls the starting of the application pool itself while Always Running flag is required in order to launch the application. Without the latter flag set the site settings have no effect.Now on the Site/Application level you can specify whether the site should pre load: Set the Preload Enabled flag to true.At this point ASP.NET apps should auto-load. This is all that's needed to pre-load the site if all you want is to get your site launched automatically.If you want a little more control over the load process you can add a few more settings to your web.config file that allow you to show a static page while the App is starting up. This can be useful if startup is really slow, so rather than displaying blank screen while the user is fiddling their thumbs you can display a static HTML page instead: <system.webServer> <applicationInitialization remapManagedRequestsTo="Startup.htm" skipManagedModules="true"> <add initializationPage="ping.ashx" /> </applicationInitialization> </system.webServer>This allows you to specify a page to execute in a dry run. IIS basically fakes request and pushes it directly into the IIS pipeline without hitting the network. You specify a page and IIS will fake a request to that page in this case ping.ashx which just returns a simple OK string - ie. a fast pipeline request. This request is run immediately after Application Pool restart, and while this request is running and your app is warming up, IIS can display an alternate static page - Startup.htm above. So instead of showing users an empty loading page when clicking a link on your site you can optionally show some sort of static status page that says, "we'll be right back".  I'm not sure if that's such a brilliant idea since this can be pretty disruptive in some cases. Personally I think I prefer letting people wait, but at least get the response they were supposed to get back rather than a random page. But it's there if you need it.Note that the web.config stuff is optional. If you don't provide it IIS hits the default site link (/) and even if there's no matching request at the end of that request it'll still fire the request through the IIS pipeline. Ideally though you want to make sure that an ASP.NET endpoint is hit either with your default page, or by specify the initializationPage to ensure ASP.NET actually gets hit since it's possible for IIS fire unmanaged requests only for static pages (depending how your pipeline is configured).What about AppDomain Restarts?In addition to full Worker Process recycles at the IIS level, ASP.NET also has to deal with AppDomain shutdowns which can occur for a variety of reasons:Files are updated in the BIN folderWeb Deploy to your siteweb.config is changedHard application crashThese operations don't cause the worker process to restart, but they do cause ASP.NET to unload the current AppDomain and start up a new one. Because the features above only apply to Application Pool restarts, AppDomain restarts could also cause your 'ASP.NET service' to stop processing in the background.In order to keep the app running on AppDomain recycles, you can resort to a simple ping in the Application_End event:protected void Application_End() { var client = new WebClient(); var url = App.AdminConfiguration.MonitorHostUrl + "ping.aspx"; client.DownloadString(url); Trace.WriteLine("Application Shut Down Ping: " + url); }which fires any ASP.NET url to the current site at the very end of the pipeline shutdown which in turn ensures that the site immediately starts back up.Manual Configuration in ApplicationHost.configThe above UI corresponds to the following ApplicationHost.config settings. If you're using IIS 7, there's no UI for these flags so you'll have to manually edit them.When you install the Application Initialization component into IIS it should auto-configure the module into ApplicationHost.config. Unfortunately for me, with Mr. Murphy in his best form for me, the module registration did not occur and I had to manually add it.<globalModules> <add name="ApplicationInitializationModule" image="%windir%\System32\inetsrv\warmup.dll" /> </globalModules>Most likely you won't need ever need to add this, but if things are not working it's worth to check if the module is actually registered.Next you need to configure the ApplicationPool and the Web site. The following are the two relevant entries in ApplicationHost.config.<system.applicationHost> <applicationPools> <add name="West Wind West Wind Web Connection" autoStart="true" startMode="AlwaysRunning" managedRuntimeVersion="v4.0" managedPipelineMode="Integrated"> <processModel identityType="LocalSystem" setProfileEnvironment="true" /> </add> </applicationPools> <sites> <site name="Default Web Site" id="1"> <application path="/MPress.Workflow.WebQueueMessageManager" applicationPool="West Wind West Wind Web Connection" preloadEnabled="true"> <virtualDirectory path="/" physicalPath="C:\Clients\…" /> </application> </site> </sites> </system.applicationHost>On the Application Pool make sure to set the autoStart and startMode flags to true and AlwaysRunning respectively. On the site make sure to set the preloadEnabled flag to true.And that's all you should need. You can still set the web.config settings described above as well.ASP.NET as a Service?In the particular application I'm working on currently, we have a queue manager that runs as standalone service that polls a database queue and picks out jobs and processes them on several threads. The service can spin up any number of threads and keep these threads alive in the background while IIS is running doing its own thing. These threads are newly created threads, so they sit completely outside of the IIS thread pool. In order for this service to work all it needs is a long running reference that keeps it alive for the life time of the application.In this particular app there are two components that run in the background on their own threads: A scheduler that runs various scheduled tasks and handles things like picking up emails to send out outside of IIS's scope and the QueueManager. Here's what this looks like in global.asax:public class Global : System.Web.HttpApplication { private static ApplicationScheduler scheduler; private static ServiceLauncher launcher; protected void Application_Start(object sender, EventArgs e) { // Pings the service and ensures it stays alive scheduler = new ApplicationScheduler() { CheckFrequency = 600000 }; scheduler.Start(); launcher = new ServiceLauncher(); launcher.Start(); // register so shutdown is controlled HostingEnvironment.RegisterObject(launcher); }}By keeping these objects around as static instances that are set only once on startup, they survive the lifetime of the application. The code in these classes is essentially unchanged from the Windows Service code except that I could remove the various overrides required for the Windows Service interface (OnStart,OnStop,OnResume etc.). Otherwise the behavior and operation is very similar.In this application ASP.NET serves two purposes: It acts as the host for SignalR and provides the administration interface which allows remote management of the 'service'. I can start and stop the service remotely by shutting down the ApplicationScheduler very easily. I can also very easily feed stats from the queue out directly via a couple of Web requests or (as we do now) through the SignalR service.Registering a Background Object with ASP.NETNotice also the use of the HostingEnvironment.RegisterObject(). This function registers an object with ASP.NET to let it know that it's a background task that should be notified if the AppDomain shuts down. RegisterObject() requires an interface with a Stop() method that's fired and allows your code to respond to a shutdown request. Here's what the IRegisteredObject::Stop() method looks like on the launcher:public void Stop(bool immediate = false) { LogManager.Current.LogInfo("QueueManager Controller Stopped."); Controller.StopProcessing(); Controller.Dispose(); Thread.Sleep(1500); // give background threads some time HostingEnvironment.UnregisterObject(this); }Implementing IRegisterObject should help with reliability on AppDomain shutdowns. Thanks to Justin Van Patten for pointing this out to me on Twitter.RegisterObject() is not required but I would highly recommend implementing it on whatever object controls your background processing to all clean shutdowns when the AppDomain shuts down.Testing it outI'm still in the testing phase with this particular service to see if there are any side effects. But so far it doesn't look like it. With about 50 lines of code I was able to replace the Windows service startup to Web start up - everything else just worked as is. An honorable mention goes to SignalR 2.0's oWin hosting, because with the new oWin based hosting no code changes at all were required, merely a couple of configuration file settings and an assembly directive needed, to point at the SignalR startup class. Sweet!It also seems like SignalR is noticeably faster running inside of IIS compared to self-host. Startup feels faster because of the preload.Starting and Stopping the 'Service'Because the application is running as a Web Server, it's easy to have a Web interface for starting and stopping the services running inside of the service. For our queue manager the SignalR service and front monitoring app has a play and stop button for toggling the queue.If you want more administrative control and have it work more like a Windows Service you can also stop the application pool explicitly from the command line which would be equivalent to stopping and restarting a service.To start and stop from the command line you can use the IIS appCmd tool. To stop:> %windir%\system32\inetsrv\appcmd stop apppool /apppool.name:"Weblog"and to start> %windir%\system32\inetsrv\appcmd start apppool /apppool.name:"Weblog"Note that when you explicitly force the AppPool to stop running either in the UI (on the ApplicationPools page use Start/Stop) or via command line tools, the application pool will not auto-restart immediately. You have to manually start it back up.What's not to like?There are certainly a lot of benefits to running a background service in IIS, but… ASP.NET applications do have more overhead in terms of memory footprint and startup time is a little slower, but generally for server applications this is not a big deal. If the application is stable the service should fire up and stay running indefinitely. A lot of times this kind of service interface can simply be attached to an existing Web application, or if scalability requires be offloaded to its own Web server.Easier to work withBut the ultimate benefit here is that it's much easier to work with a Web app as opposed to a service. While developing I can simply turn off the auto-launch features and launch the service on demand through IIS simply by hitting a page on the site. If I want to shut down an IISRESET -stop will shut down the service easily enough. I can then attach a debugger anywhere I want and this works like any other ASP.NET application. Yes you end up on a background thread for debugging but Visual Studio handles that just fine and if you stay on a single thread this is no different than debugging any other code.SummaryUsing ASP.NET to run background service operations is probably not a super common scenario, but it probably should be something that is considered carefully when building services. Many applications have service like features and with the auto-start functionality of the Application Initialization module, it's easy to build this functionality into ASP.NET. Especially when combined with the notification features of SignalR it becomes very, very easy to create rich services that can also communicate their status easily to the outside world.Whether it's existing applications that need some background processing for scheduling related tasks, or whether you just create a separate site altogether just to host your service it's easy to do and you can leverage the same tool chain you're already using for other Web projects. If you have lots of service projects it's worth considering… give it some thought…© Rick Strahl, West Wind Technologies, 2005-2013Posted in ASP.NET  SignalR  IIS   Tweet !function(d,s,id){var js,fjs=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];if(!d.getElementById(id)){js=d.createElement(s);js.id=id;js.src="//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js";fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js,fjs);}}(document,"script","twitter-wjs"); (function() { var po = document.createElement('script'); po.type = 'text/javascript'; po.async = true; po.src = 'https://apis.google.com/js/plusone.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(po, s); })();

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