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• Dynamic vs Statically typed languages for websites

  - by Bradford

  Wanted to hear what others thought about this statement: I’ll contrast that with building a website. When rendering web pages, often you have very many components interacting on a web page. You have buttons over here and little widgets over there and there are dozens of them on a webpage, as well as possibly dozens or hundreds of web pages on your website that are all dynamic. With a system with a really large surface area like that, using a statically typed language is actually quite inflexible. I would find it painful probably to program in Scala and render a web page with it, when I want to interactively push around buttons and what-not. If the whole system has to be coherent, like the whole system has to type check just to be able to move a button around, I think that can be really inflexible. Source: http://www.infoq.com/interviews/kallen-scala-twitter

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• What are your advice, methods, or practices to take out the most from a day on-site at a customer?

  - by Stephane

  We just deployed a large software that affects the way the user work-day looks like in many aspects. It changes a lot of things in the way they interact between eachothers. The developers of the team are taking rounds and spending one day at the customer's site to understand better what is a typical day for our user, and the learning process they go through. In this context, what How would you approach that day, what kind of questions do you ask, how do you observe the user. Are there defined practices that exist? Also what wouldn't you do? Did you have some bad experience out of this?

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• Automate #include refactoring in C++ [on hold]

  - by Mikhail

  I have a big project with hundreds of files. And as it often happens to C++ projects, #include directives are in messed up. I want to refactor them to increase clarity, decrease compilation time and simplify analysis. For each .h file I want to make sure that: It have #include directives only for types it is using But it have only forward declarations of types that are used as T* or T& For each .cpp file I want to make sure that: It have #include directives only for types it is using and not already included by another headers (no indirect includes when possible) I'm looking for a tool which will help me to automate this refactoring. For now I only know of tools that helps to remove redundant includes, they are many: PC-lint include-what-you-use cppclean ProFactor IncludeManager But I know of no tools to help me to move necessary includes in .h files or replace includes with forward declarations. Any ideas? Tools for Windows and Visual Studio are preferred. Update. Considered to be off-topic. Please, follow the link on Software Recommendations http://softwarerecs.stackexchange.com/q/4461/3331

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• Audio Panning using RtAudio

  - by user1801724

  I use the RtAudio library. I would like to implement an audio program where I can control the panning (e.g. shifting the sound from the left channel to the right channel). In my specific case, I use RtAudio in duplex mode (you can find an example here: duplex mode). It means that I link the microphone input to the speaker output. I have searched on the web, but I did not find anything useful. Should I apply a filter on the output buffer? What kind of filter?

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• how to process document state transition?

  - by brick

  Imagine there is an application (ASP.NET MVC) that processes some documents. The document must be revised several times by different group of users. state/role rules: simple user can only publish document; (priority: low) userGroup1 can switch it to next state or reject it; (priority: higher) userGroup2 can confirm previous state and switch it to next gradual state or reject it; (priority: highest) How to implement such a workflow in ASP.NET MVC? How to impelement UI, views so that group with lower priority can both visually/technically perform only allowed transitions? Can I somehow extend that system: link? Do I need extras like service bus, event sourcing for that?

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• How are Implicit-Heap dynamic Storage Binding and Dynamic type binding similar?

  - by Appy

  "Concepts of Programming languages" by Robert Sebesta says - Implicit Heap-Dynamic Storage Binding: Implicit Heap-Dynamic variables are bound to heap storage only when they are assigned values. It is similar to dynamic type binding. Can anyone explain the similarity with suitable examples. I understand the meaning of both the phrases, but I am an amateur when it comes to in-depth details.

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• What does "context-free" mean in the term "context-free grammar"?

  - by rick

  Given the amount of material that tries to explain what a context-free grammar (CFG) is, I found it surprising that very few (in my sample, less than 1 in 20) give an explanation on why such grammars are called "context-free". And, to my mind, none succeeds in doing so. My question is, why are context-free grammars called context-free? What is "the context"? I had an intuition that the context could be other language constructs surrounding the currently analyzed construct, but that seems not to be the case. Could anyone provide a precise explanation?

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• Reuse Business Logic between Web and API

  - by fesja

  We have a website and two mobile apps that connect through an API. All the platforms do the exactly same things. Right now the structure is the following: Website. It manages models, controllers, views for the website. It also executes all background tasks. So if a user create a place, everything is executed in this code. API. It manages models, controllers and return a JSON. If a user creates a place on the mobile app, the place is created here. After, we add a background task to update other fields. This background task is executed by the Website. We are redoing everything, so it's time to improve the approach. Which is the best way to reuse the business logic so I only need to code the insert/edit/delete of the place & other actions related in just one place? Is a service oriented approach a good idea? For example: Service. It has the models and gets, adds, updates and deletes info from the DB. Website. It send the info to the service, and it renders HTML. API. It sends info to the service, and it returns JSON. Some problems I have found: More initial work? Not sure.. It can work slower. Any experience? The benefits: We only have the business logic in one place, both for web and api. It's easier to scale. We can put each piece on different servers. Other solutions Duplicate the code and be careful not to forget anything (do tests!) DUplicate some code but execute background tasks that updates the related fields and executes other things (emails, indexing...) A "small" detail is we are 1.3 person in backend, for now ;)

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• What do you call "X <= $foo <= Y" comparison?

  - by Jakob

  While writing a Perl statement like if ( $foo >= X && $foo <= Y ) yet again, I wondered why many programming languages do not support the more comfortable form if ( X <= $foo <= Y ) and what this is called. I came up with "3-legged comparison" but no results when searching for it. By the way there is also the "element-of-set" form if ( $foo in X..Y ) which I only consider more readable when provided via a short keyword. Is there a term for X <= $foo <= Y comparison? Which languages support it?

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• What is the best retort to "premature optimization is the root of all evil"

  - by waffles

  Often I hear the sentiment ... "Why worry about performance, write slow code, get your product to market ... don't worry about performance. You can sort that out later" The culmination of this sentiment is: "... premature optimization is the root of all evil ... #winning" I was wondering, does anybody have a good retort to this one liner. Ideally an equally strong one liner that encompasses the reverse of this sentiment?

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• Artificial Intelligence implemented in x86 Assembly? [closed]

  - by Bigyellow Bastion

  Okay, so I decided that for my upcoming operating system, I do basically everything in x86 Assembly, using only 16-bit mode. I will need to write the software to host on it once I have something up and going, and I'll definitely post the source and VM-executable file. But as for now I'm stuck with the idea of implementing the AI code for some of the games I'm making to host on it. AI in Assembly is tedious, and sometimes almost impossible seeming, especially complex AI(I'm talking SNES Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island AI here, by the way, not pong AI). I was thinking that it'd be such a hassle that I'd have to bring a higher-level language to work some of this out here, like maybe C++ or C#, but I'd have to go through more work linking it into a fine binary that my OS will host, and that adds unnecessary work to the table I wanted to avoid(I don't want a complex system, I want everything as bare-bones as possible, avoiding libraries, APIs, and linkable formats for now, to make everything more directly accessible to the kernel's API).

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• [PHP] Version Changes: How considerable are the compatibility issues in project?

  - by AdityaGameProgrammer

  For example if we consider ActionScript2.0(based on Objects but programming does not implement much OOP ) vs 3.0(highly OOP) its like a whole new scripting language in the sense of approach, programming style,features you get the idea. In PHP we can see current versions going from 3-5. brief version changes Question :Developers who work on PHP is it easy to migrate from version to version? Question :Are there any extensive compatibility issues, forward or backward? Question :Does your project stick to a particular version till the end ? Question :Does the programming style ,approach change from version to version? Question :If you had to get started on PHP to contribute to a project built earlier versions, would learning the latest version be counterproductive towards this aim? Some related topics i had come across on SE How should I be keeping track of php script version/changes? What is happening to PHP 6? It would be Really helpful in understanding if you could answer this topic directly to the questions put forth.

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• How lookaheads are propagated in "channel" method of building LALR parser?

  - by greenoldman

  The method is described in Dragon Book, however I read about it in ""Parsing Techniques" by D.Grune and C.J.H.Jacobs". I start from my understanding of building channels for NFA: channels are built once, they are like water channels with current you "drop" lookahead symbols in right places (sources) of the channel, and they propagate with "current" when symbol propagates, there are no barriers (the only sufficient things for propagation are presence of channel and direction/current); i.e. lookahead cannot just die out of the blue Is that right? If I am correct, then eof lookahead should be present in all states, because the source of it is the start production, and all other production states are reachable from start state. How the DFA is made out of this NFA is not perfectly clear for me -- the authors of the mentioned book write about preserving channels, but I see no purpose, if you propagated lookaheads. If the channels have to be preserved, are they cut off from the source if the DFA state does not include source NFA state? I assume no -- the channels still runs between DFA states, not only within given DFA state. In the effect eof should still be present in all items in all states. But when you take a look at DFA presented in book (pdf is from errata): DFA for LALR (fig. 9.34 in the book, p.301) you will see there are items without eof in lookahead. The grammar for this DFA is: S -> E E -> E - T E -> T T -> ( E ) T -> n So how it was computed, when eof was dropped, and on what condition? Update It is textual pdf, so two interesting states (in DFA; # is eof): State 1: S--- >•E[#] E--- >•E-T[#-] E--- >•T[#-] T--- >•n[#-] T--- >•(E)[#-] State 6: T--- >(•E)[#-)] E--- >•E-T[-)] E--- >•T[-)] T--- >•n[-)] T--- >•(E)[-)] Arc from 1 to 6 is labeled (.

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• Pursuing violators of software license/copyright

  - by Dmitry Brant

  I've recently discovered a seller on eBay who is selling CDs with my (trialware) software on it. The seller is clearly trying to pass the software off as his own; he's copied all the verbiage from my software's website, except its actual name. This seller also sells a whole bunch of other CDs with free software for which he's misrepresenting authorship. For example, this listing contains screen shots that are obviously of the free program InfraRecorder. However, the name InfraRecorder or its authors aren't mentioned anywhere. Before I splurge on official legal assistance, does the community have any recommendations or past experiences with these kinds of matters? What's the best way to proceed, and at the very least, have the eBay listings taken down? Is it possible to reclaim the earnings from the sales of these CDs (not just for me, but for the other authors of the free software that this person is selling)? I realize that GPL'd software doesn't have any restrictions on "selling" the software, but this person has gone to great lengths to obfuscate the software's authorship, which is surely a violation of the license. (My software is not GPL; it's a custom license, and it does not permit redistribution of any kind without permission)

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• why not use unmanaged safe code in c#

  - by user613326

  There is an option in c# to execute code unchecked. It's generally not advised to do so, as managed code is much safer and it overcomes a lot of problems. However I am wondering, if you're sure your code won't cause errors, and you know how to handle memory then why (if you like fast code) follow the general advice? I am wondering this since I wrote a program for a video camera, which required some extremely fast bitmap manipulation. I made some fast graphical algorithms myself, and they work excellent on the bitmaps using unmanaged code. Now I wonder in general, if you're sure you don't have memory leaks, or risks of crashes, why not use unmanaged code more often ? PS my background: I kinda rolled into this programming world and I work alone (I do so for a few years) and so I hope this software design question isn't that strange. I don't really have other people out there like a teacher to ask such things.

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• Ruby on Rails background API polling

  - by Matthew Turney

  I need to integrate a free/busy calendar integration with Zimbra. Unlike outlook, it seems, Zimbra requires polling their API. I need to be able to grab the free/busy data in background tasks for 10's of thousands of users on a regular time interval, preferably every few minutes. What would be the best way to implement this in a Rails application without bogging down our current resque tasks? I have considered moving this process to something like node.js or something similar in Ruby. The biggest problem is that we have no control over the IO, as each clients Zimbra instances could be slow and we don't want to create a huge backup in tasks. Thoughts and ideas?

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• Developing a php system that tracks other websites analytics

  - by CodeCrack

  I want to develop a PHP website feature where users sign up, get a javascript snippet code that display an image on their site, and let's me track the number of visitors, unique hits, clicks and average visitor duration on their page. Is that something that should be done with some open source analytic software such as http://piwik.org/ or it's pretty doable on your own? If I had to do it myself from scratch, I would use image/pixel as a way to track the visit, drop a cookie with javascript snippet to track uniques, track clicks based on image click and redirect, and not sure about the bounce rate. Any thoughts or opinions are welcome.

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• How to import ejb project classes into web project on eclipse?

  - by Jhonnytunes

  I have 3 projects on eclipse, maven ejb project, maven wicket webapp project and a enterprise application project that includes ejb and web I mentioned before, as modules. But my question is, How from my web project can I use classes on the ejb project. Lets say ClassA is on the ejb project and I want to say from web project: ClassA cl = new ClassA. I wont be allowed since web project doesnt have ClassA but ejb project. I want to use ejb project as a Business Logic, JPA part. Also I want to include here some not beans classes that I want to use from the web. Dont know if its possible. The web project goes without Business logic, just the wicket pages calling ejb, and using ther classes. Im new in the EE world. Never made an ear file including a war and ejb jar for deploying it on Glassfish. Thanks in advanced.

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• Is my work on a developer test being taken advantage of?

  - by CodeWarrior

  I am looking for a job and have applied to a number of positions. One of them responded, I had a pretty lengthy phone interview (perhaps an hour +) and they then set me up with a developer test. I was told that this test is estimated to take between 6 and 8 hours and that, provided it met with their approval, I could be paid for my work on it. That gave me some pause, but I endeavored. The developer test took place on a VM accessed via RDP. The task was to implement a search page in a web project that requests data from the server, displays it on the screen in a table, has a pretty complicated search filtering scheme (there are about 15 statuses and when sending the search to the server you can search by these statuses) in addition to the string/field search. They want some SVG icons to change color on certain data values, they want some data to be represented differently than how it is in the database, etc. Loooong story short, this took one heck of a lot longer than 6-8 hours. Much of it was due to the very poor VM that I was running on (Visual Studio 2013 took 10 minutes to load, and another 15 minutes to open the 3 GB ginormous solution). After completing, I was told to commit my changes to source control... Hmm, OK. I get an email back that they thought that the SVGs could have their color changed differently, they found a bug in this edge-case, there was an occasional problem with this other thing that I never experienced, etc. So I am 13-14 hours into this thing now, and I have to do bug fixes. I do them, and they come back with some more. This is all apparently going into a production application. I noticed some anomalies in the code that was already in there where it looked like other people had coded all of one functionality and not anything else that I could find. Am I just being used for cheap labor? Even if they pay me the promised 50 dollars and hour for 6 hours, I have committed like 18 hours to this thing now. If I bug fix all of the stuff they keep coming up with, I will have worked at least 16 hours for free. I have taken a number of developer tests. I have never taken one where I worked on code that was destined for production. I have never taken one where I implemented a feature that was in the pipeline for development (it was planned for, and I implemented it through the course of the test). And I have never taken one that took 4 rounds and a total of 20+ hours. I get the impression that they are using their developer test to field some of the functionality, that they don't have time for in their normal team, on the cheap. Also, I wouldn't mind a 'devtest' tag.

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• Why is it java code indented as BSD KNF Style and C C++ code indented as Allman or BSD style?

  - by Caffeine

  I do understand that coding convention is a matter of preference, and that different coding conventions have different subtle advantages or shortcomings, and depending on what one wants, one should choose his/her style. But why is usually Java written where the opening brace is on the same line as the function definition of control statement, and in C or C++ the curly braces have a line of their own? BSD KNF style if (data != NULL && res > 0) { if (JS_DefineProperty(cx, o, "data", STRING_TO_JSVAL(JS_NewStringCopyN(cx, data, res)), NULL, NULL, JSPROP_ENUMERATE) != 0) { QUEUE_EXCEPTION("Internal error!"); goto err; } PQfreemem(data); } else { if (JS_DefineProperty(cx, o, "data", OBJECT_TO_JSVAL(NULL), NULL, NULL, JSPROP_ENUMERATE) != 0) { QUEUE_EXCEPTION("Internal error!"); goto err; } } Allman or BSD Style if (x == y) { something(); somethingelse(); } Courtesy: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indent_style

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• How to solve SocketException: Permission denied: connect

  - by luxinxian

  I recently encountered a problem getting a headache, need help... System consists of: Two subsystems, called A, B (each running on a standalone tomcat instance), currently running on the same machine. A invoke B's service via spring httpInvoker(http). B system also invoke other system's services via http. Symptoms: 1, the system starts to run normally after 10-15 days; 2, the system will run for a period of time after an exception: org.springframework.remoting.RemoteAccessException: Could not access HTTP invoker remote service at [http://xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/remoting/call]; nested exception is java. net.SocketException: Permission denied: connect 3, when the exception occour, it continues, not only occasional .(it looks like some resources exhausted, but cpu rate < 5%, memory < 15%, network < 5%) 4, A, B when the system call fails, B system via http call to an external service also failed for the same exception. 5, closed two tomcat services, restart, and working properly. So repeatedly (step 1 - 5), has not found the root reason. Emvironment: windows 2008 R2 tomcat7.0.42 x86_64 oralce-jdk-1.7.0_40 Any ideas?

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• What is the oldest living piece of unaltered production code? [closed]

  - by user1598390

  It's come to my mind that parts of the code in, say, Unix, has maybe passed unaltered from one version or flavor into another. Maybe some pieces of the source code of the ls command is the same, unaltered, than was written years ago. Have any of you read or learn about this ? What would be the oldest living piece of unaltered production code still running, passing from version through version of a program or system ? Will the code we write outlive us for decades ?

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• what is the difference between the below two syntaxes?

  - by Hari

  1. $(function () { function foo() { return true; } log(bar()); // getting error var bar = function() { return true; }; }); 2. $(function () { function foo() { return true; } log(bar()); // working function bar() { return true; }; }); in above snippets log is my custom function to log the result.

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• Best Java Book(s) for an Experienced Developer

  - by Steven Elliott Jr

  I have been a .NET developer now for about the past 5/6 years give or take. I have never done any professional Java development and the last time I really touched it was probably back in college. I have been toying with the Scala language a little bit but nothing serious. Recently, I've been offered an opportunity to do some pretty cool work, but using Java instead of .NET. I think I can get by alright with my current skill set, meaning I already know how to program well and am familiar with languages such as C# and C++, etc. So, the syntax and all that language stuff are really not a problem. What I need is a really good reference book and a book about how to think in Java. Each language/Framework/Stack tries to address things a certain way and I'm sure Java is no different. What are some great Java books that you simply can't live without? Are there any books that talk about the most important parts of Java that must be understood before all else? As a side note, I will be doing mostly Java web development. Not really 100% on what types of stuff they are using for persistence, framework, server, etc. Thanks again for the consideration.

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• Proposal for a new position at work

  - by Seth P.

  I have an idea at work for a new Product Manager position at our office. I work with several developers, and it would be helpful to have someone working in a type of "Scrum Master" capacity, dividing out assignments and making sure they get complete. This position does not currently exist, however I feel that I have enough evidence to indicate that it be very helpful for our business. What is the best way to present this proposal to my boss? Is there a specific template that you know of for new position? It should be able to describe the qualification for the position, their responsibilities, and what metrics we would use to measure them. Thanks. UPDATE++++ With Anna's suggestion, I gave more details about this specific position. However, I would ideally like the most generic way to present a new position to my boss.

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