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• Sample domain model for online store

  - by Carel

  We are a group of 4 software development students currently studying at the Cape Peninsula University of Technology. Currently, we are tasked with developing a web application that functions as a online store. We decided to do the back-end in Java while making use of Google Guice for persistence(which is mostly irrelevant for my question). The general idea so far to use PHP to create the website. We decided that we would like to try, after handing in the project, and register a business to actually implement the website. The problem we have been experiencing is with the domain model. These are mostly small issues, however they are starting to impact the schedule of our project. Since we are all young IT students, we have virtually no experience in the business world. As such, we spend quite a significant amount of time planning the domain model in the first place. Now, some of the issues we're picking up is say the reference between the Customer entity and the order entity. Currently, we don't have the customer id in the order entity and we have a list of order entities in the customer entity. Lately, I have wondered if the persistence mechanism will put the client id physically in the order table, even if it's not in the entity? So, I started wondering, if you load a customer object, it will search the entire order table for orders with the customer's id. Now, say you have 10 000 customers and 500 000 orders, won't this take an extremely long time? There are also some business processes that I'm not completely clear on. Finally, my question is: does anyone know of a sample domain model out there that is similar to what we're trying to achieve that will be safe to look at as a reference? I don't want to be accused of stealing anybody's intellectual property, especially since we might implement this as a business.

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• Django throws 404 at generic views

  - by x0rg

  I'm trying to get the generic views for a date-based archive working in django. I defined the urls as described in a tutorial, but django returns a 404 error whenever I want to access an url with a variable (such as month or year) in it. It don't even produces a TemplateDoesNotExist-execption. Normal urls without variables work fine. Here's my urlconf: from django.conf.urls.defaults import * from zurichlive.zhl.models import Event info_dict = { 'queryset': Event.objects.all(), 'date_field': 'date', 'allow_future': 'True', } urlpatterns += patterns('django.views.generic.date_based', (r'events/(?P<year>d{4})/(?P<month>[a-z]{3})/(?P<day>w{1,2})/(?P<slug>[-w]+)/$', 'object_detail', dict(info_dict, slug_field='slug',template_name='archive/detail.html')), (r'^events/(?P<year>d{4})/(?P<month>[a-z]{3})/(?P<day>w{1,2})/(?P<slug>[-w]+)/$', 'object_detail', dict(info_dict, template_name='archive/list.html')), (r'^events/(?P<year>d{4})/(?P<month>[a-z]{3})/(?P<day>w{1,2})/$','archive_day',dict(info_dict,template_name='archive/list.html')), (r'^events/(?P<year>d{4})/(?P<month>[a-z]{3})/$','archive_month', dict(info_dict, template_name='archive/list.html')), (r'^events/(?P<year>)/$','archive_year', dict(info_dict, template_name='archive/list.html')), (r'^events/$','archive_index', dict(info_dict, template_name='archive/list.html')), ) When I access /events/2010/may/12/this-is-a-slug I should get to the detail.html template, but instead I get a 404. What am I doing wrong?

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• Logical and Physical Modeling for Analytical Applications

  - by Dejan Sarka

  I am proud to announce that my first course for Pluralsight is released. The course title is Logical and Physical Modeling for Analytical Applications. Here is the description of the course. A bad data model leads to an application that does not perform well. Therefore, when developing an application, you should create a good data model from the start. However, even the best logical model can’t help when the physical implementation is bad. It is also important to know how SQL Server stores and accesses data, and how to optimize the data access. Database optimization starts by splitting transactional and analytical applications. In this course, you learn how to support analytical applications with logical design, get understanding of the problems with data access for queries that deal with large amounts of data, and learn about SQL Server optimizations that help solving these problems. Enjoy the course!

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• Django data migration when changing a field to ManyToMany

  - by Ken H

  I have a Django application in which I want to change a field from a ForeignKey to a ManyToManyField. I want to preserve my old data. What is the simplest/best process to follow for this? If it matters, I use sqlite3 as my database back-end. If my summary of the problem isn't clear, here is an example. Say I have two models: class Author(models.Model): author = models.CharField(max_length=100) class Book(models.Model): author = models.ForeignKey(Author) title = models.CharField(max_length=100) Say I have a lot of data in my database. Now, I want to change the Book model as follows: class Book(models.Model): author = models.ManyToManyField(Author) title = models.CharField(max_length=100) I don't want to "lose" all my prior data. What is the best/simplest way to accomplish this? Ken

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• Returning form errors for AJAX request in Django

  - by mridang

  Hi Guys, I've been finding my way around Django and jQuery. I've built a basic form in Django. On clicking submit, I'm using jQuey to make an AJAX request to the sever to post my data. This bit seems to work fine and I've managed to save the data. Django returns a ValidatioError when a form is invalid. Could anyone tell me how to return this set of error messages as a response to my AJAX request so i can easily iterate through it using JS and do whatever? I found this snippet. Looking at the JS bit (processJson) you'll see that he seems to get the error messages by extracting them from the response HTML. It seems kinda kludgy to me. Is this a best way to go about it? My apologies for any vagueness. Thanks in advance.

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• Inline editing of ManyToMany relation in Django

  - by vorpyg

  After working through the Django tutorial I'm now trying to build a very simple invoicing application. I want to add several Products to an Invoice, and to specify the quantity of each product in the Invoice form in the Django admin. Now I've to create a new Product object if I've got different quantites of the same Product. Right now my models look like this (Company and Customer models left out): class Product(models.Model): description = models.TextField() quantity = models.IntegerField() price = models.DecimalField(max_digits=10,decimal_places=2) tax = models.ForeignKey(Tax) class Invoice(models.Model): company = models.ForeignKey(Company) customer = models.ForeignKey(Customer) products = models.ManyToManyField(Product) invoice_no = models.IntegerField() invoice_date = models.DateField(auto_now=True) due_date = models.DateField(default=datetime.date.today() + datetime.timedelta(days=14)) I guess the quantity should be left out of the Product model, but how can I make a field for it in the Invoice model?

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• django urlconf or .htaccess trouble

  - by Zayatzz

  Hello I am running my django project from subfolder of a website. Lets say the address where my project is meant to open from is. http://example.com/myproject/ the myproject folder is root folder for my user account. In that folder i have fcgi script that starts my project. The .htaccess file in the folder contains this: RewriteEngine On RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f RewriteRule ^(.*)$ mysite.fcgi/$1 [QSA,L] The trouble is, that at some cases, instead of redireting user to page like http://example.com/myproject/social/someurl/ it redirects to http://example.com/social/someurl/ which does not work. What i want to know is how to fix this problem. Is this django problem and i should change it with urconf and add myproject to all urls, or should i do this with .htaccess? I found similar question, which, sadly, remains unanswered: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2321154/how-to-write-htaccess-if-django-project-is-in-subfolder-and-subdomain Alan.

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• Django ORM and multiprocessing

  - by Ankur Gupta

  Hi, I am using Django ORM in my python script in a decoupled fashion i.e. it's not running in context of a normal Django Project. I am also using the multi processing module. And different process in turn are making queries. The process ran successfully for an hr and exited with this message "IOError: [Errno 32] Broken pipe" Upon futhur diagnosis and debugging this error pops up when I call save() on the model instance. I am wondering Is Django ORM Process save ? Why would this error arise else ? Cheers Ankur

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• django: Display image in admin interface

  - by Oleg Tarasenko

  Hi, I've defined a model which contains a link an image. Is there a way to display the image in the model items list. (e.g. if I defined an article this way: class Article(models.Model): url = models.CharField(max_length = 200, unique = True, help_text="/lessons/") title = models.CharField(max_length = 500) img = models.CharField(max_length = 100) # Contains path to image def __unicode__(self): return u"%s" %title ) Is there a way to display image together with title?

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• django model Form. Include fields from related models

  - by Tom

  Hi. I have a model, called Student, which has some fields, and a OneToOne relationship with user (django.contrib.auth.User). class Student(models.Model): phone = models.CharField(max_length = 25 ) birthdate = models.DateField(null=True) gender = models.CharField(max_length=1,choices = GENDER_CHOICES) city = models.CharField(max_length = 50) personalInfo = models.TextField() user = models.OneToOneField(User,unique=True) Then, I have a ModelForm for that model class StudentForm (forms.ModelForm): class Meta: model = Student Using the fields attribute in class Meta, i've managed to show only some fields in a template. However, can I indicate which user fields to show? Something as: fields =('personalInfo','user.username') is currently not showing anything. Works with only StudentFields though/ Thanks in advance.

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• Django, ModelForms, User and UserProfile - not hashing password

  - by IvanBernat

  I'm trying to setup a User - UserProfile relationship, display the form and save the data. When submitted, the data is saved, except the password field doesn't get hashed. Additionally, how can I remove the help_text from the username and password (inherited from the User model)? Full code is below, excuse me if it's too long. Models.py USER_IS_CHOICES = ( ('u', 'Choice A'), ('p', 'Choice B'), ('n', 'Ninja'), ) class UserProfile(models.Model): user = models.ForeignKey(User, unique=True) user_is = models.CharField(max_length=1, choices=USER_IS_CHOICES) Forms.py class UserForm(forms.ModelForm): class Meta: model = User fields = ["first_name", "last_name", "username", "email", "password"] def clean_username(self): username = self.cleaned_data['username'] if not re.search(r'^\w+$', username): raise forms.ValidationError('Username can contain only alphanumeric characters') try: User.objects.get(username=username) except ObjectDoesNotExist: return username raise forms.ValidationError('Username is already taken') class UserProfileForm(forms.ModelForm): class Meta: model = UserProfile fields = ['user_is'] Views.py if request.method == 'POST': uform = UserForm(request.POST) pform = UserProfileForm(request.POST) if uform.is_valid() and pform.is_valid(): user = uform.save() profile = pform.save(commit = False) profile.user = user profile.save() return HttpResponseRedirect('/') else: uform = UserForm() pform = UserProfileForm() variables = RequestContext(request, { 'uform':uform, 'pform':pform }) return render_to_response('registration/register.html', variables)

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• Django + Postgres: How to specify sequence for a field

  - by Giovanni Di Milia

  I have this model in django: class JournalsGeneral(models.Model): jid = models.AutoField(primary_key=True) code = models.CharField("Code", max_length=50) name = models.CharField("Name", max_length=2000) url = models.URLField("Journal Web Site", max_length=2000, blank=True) online = models.BooleanField("Online?") active = models.BooleanField("Active?") class Meta: db_table = u'journals_general' verbose_name = "Journal General" ordering = ['code'] def __unicode__(self): return self.name My problem is that in the DB (Postgres) the name of the sequence connected to jid is not journals_general_jid_seq as expected by Django but it has a different name. Is there a way to specify which sequence Django has to use for an AutoField? In the documentation I read I was not able to find an answer.

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• Filtering model results for Django admin select box

  - by blcArmadillo

  I just started playing with Django today and so far am finding it rather difficult to do simple things. What I'm struggling with right now is filtering a list of status types. The StatusTypes model is: class StatusTypes(models.Model): status = models.CharField(max_length=50) type = models.IntegerField() def __unicode__(self): return self.status class Meta: db_table = u'status_types' In one admin page I need all the results where type = 0 and in another I'll need all the results where type = 1 so I can't just limit it from within the model. How would I go about doing this?

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• Using Django Admin for a custom database solution

  - by Prashanth Ellina

  A client wants to have a simple intranet application to manage his process. He runs a Quarry and wishes to track number of loads delivered per day and associated activities. Since I knew about Django's excellent Admin interface, I figured I could define the "Schema" in models.py and have Django Admin generate the forms. I did exactly that and the result is not bad at all. I've been able to customize the look and feel to suit the client's taste. Some questions: Is Django Admin the right choice for such a use-case? Will I run to problems in the future due to flexibility of the framework? Is there a better framework out there specifically designed for this use-case (general Database management for small businesses)? I prefer ones written in Python since I can hack it up to customize. Thanks!

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• How to deal with multiple sub-type of one super-type in Django admin

  - by Henri

  What would be the best solution for adding/editing multiple sub-types. E.g a super-type class Contact with sub-type class Client and sub-type class Supplier. The way shown here works, but when you edit a Contact you get both inlines i.e. sub-type Client AND sub-type Supplier. So even if you only want to add a Client you also get the fields for Supplier of vice versa. If you add a third sub-type , you get three sub-type field groups, while you actually only want one sub-type group, in the mentioned example: Client. E.g.: class Contact(models.Model): contact_name = models.CharField(max_length=128) class Client(models.Model): contact = models.OneToOneField(Contact, primary_key=True) user_name = models.CharField(max_length=128) class Supplier(models.Model): contact.OneToOneField(Contact, primary_key=True) company_name = models.CharField(max_length=128) and in admin.py class ClientInline(admin.StackedInline): model = Client class SupplierInline(admin.StackedInline): model = Supplier class ContactAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): inlines = (ClientInline, SupplierInline,) class ClientAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): ... class SupplierAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): ... Now when I want to add a Client, i.e. only a Client I edit Contact and I get the inlines for both Client and Supplier. And of course the same for Supplier. Is there a way to avoid this? When I want to add/edit a Client that I only see the Inline for Client and when I want to add/edit a Supplier that I only see the Inline for Supplier, when adding/editing a Contact? Or perhaps there is a different approach. Any help or suggestion will be greatly appreciated.

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• Cannot Extend Django 1.2.1 Admin Template

  - by jcady

  I am attempting to override/extend the header for the Django admin in version 1.2.1. However when I try to extend the admin template and simply change what I need documented here: http://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/ref/contrib/admin/#overriding-vs-replacing-an-admin-template), I run into a recursion problem. I have an index.html file in my project's templates/admin/ directory that starts with {% extends "admin/index.html" %} But it seems that this is referencing the local index file (a.k.a. itself) rather than the default Django copy. I want to extend the default Django template and simply change a few blocks. When I try this file, I get a recursion depth error. How can I extend parts of the admin? Thanks.

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• Django: how to cleanup form fields and avoid code duplication

  - by Alexander Konstantinov

  Quite often I need to filter some form data before using it (saving to database etc.) Let's say I want to strip whitespaces and replace repeating whitespaces with a single one in most of the text fields, in many forms. It's not difficult to do this using clean_<fieldname> methods: # Simplified model with two text fields class MyModel(models.Model): title = models.CharField() description = models.CharField() # Model-based form class MyForm(forms.ModelForm): class Meta: model = MyModel def clean_title(self): title = self.cleaned_data['title'] return re.sub(r'\s{2,}', ' ', title.strip()) def clean_description(self): description = self.cleaned_data['description'] return re.sub(r'\s{2,}', ' ', description.strip()) It does exactly what I need, and has a nice side effect which I like: if user enters only whitespaces, the field will be considered empty and therefore invalid (if it is required) and I don't even have to throw a ValidationError. The obvious problem here is code duplication. Even if I'll create some function for that, say my_text_filter, I'll have to call it for every text field in all my forms: from myproject.filters import my_text_filter class MyForm(forms.ModelForm): class Meta: model = MyModel def clean_title(self): return my_text_filter(self.cleaned_data['title']) def clean_description(self): return my_text_filter(self.cleaned_data['description']) The question: is there any standard and simple way in Django (I use version 1.2 if that matters) to do this (like, for example, by adding property validators = {'title': my_text_filter, 'description': my_text_filter} to MyModel), or at least some more or less standard workaround? I've read about form validation and validators in the documentation, but couldn't find what I need there.

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• Django - Better evaluation of relationship at the model level

  - by Brant

  Here's a simple relational pair of models. class Shelf(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=100) def has_books(self): if Book.objects.filter(shelf=self): return True else: return False class Book(models.Model): shelf = models.ForeignKey(Shelf) name = models.CharField(max_length=100) Is there a better (or alternative) way to write the "has_book" method? I'm not a fan of the double database hit but I want to do this at the model level.

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• Add a prefix do Django comment form

  - by Stefan Manastirliu

  I would like to add a prefix to each django comment form. I'm using multiply comment forms in the same page and depsite it's working well, i don't like having many input fields with the same id attribute like <input type="text" name="honeypot" id="id_honeypot" />. So, is there a way to tell django do add a prefix to each form instance? I know i can do it with other forms when i create a form instance in this waynewform = CustomForm(prefix="a") but using Django's comment system, this part is handled by a comment template tag {% get_comment_form for [object] as [varname] %}. Can I tell to the template tag to add a prefix?

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• General rule - when to use a model (Codeigniter)

  - by pingu

  Hi guys, I was just curious as to what the rule of thumb was for models. Generally, I use them only for situations where I need to add/edit or update database entries for an object. However, I'm building an app at the moment that has a "config" table which holds various data, such as last updated, which will control when certain features in the app should be displayed. In this instance, I will mostly need to retrieve data from the config table. Is it worth putting these config methods in model? I'm interested to hear how more experienced coders approach the MVC methodology in CI - example pseudo methods (e.g., what methods relating to the same object you'd use in the model and the controller) would be most helpful.

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• Check if Django model field choices exists

  - by Justin Lucas

  I'm attempting to check if a value exists in the choices tuple set for a model field. For example lets say I have a Model like this: class Vote(models.Model): VOTE_TYPE = ( (1, "Up"), (-1, "Down"), ) value = models.SmallIntegerField(max_length=1, choices=VOTE_TYPES) Now lets say in a view I have a variable new_value = 'Up' that I would like to use as the value field in a new Vote. How can I first check to see if the value of that variable exists in the VOTE_TYPE tuple? Thank you.

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• Prevent Django from redirecting to add trailing slash

  - by konrad

  UPDATED: Sorry, it looks like it's Apache that's rewriting it for some reason, not Django. I'll investigate further and post my findings. I need to add a /xmlrpc.php to my Byteflow installation to handle an application that is written for PHP blog engines and uses this hardcoded path. For some reason Byteflow appends a slash to this URL using a 301 Moved Permanently redirect, which breaks the application. It does not do so for the /robots.txt that is configured in a similar way. Relevant lines from the project urls.py: url(r'^xmlrpc.php$', 'django_xmlrpc.views.xmlrpc_handler'), url(r'^robots.txt$', include('robots.urls')), I read that the behavior was changed in the Django codebase in commit 6852 (in 2007) to prevent redirects being done for urls that have been explicitly configured not to contain any trailing slashes. I'm using Django 1.1. I assume that once I have fixed this problem, I should be able to use this application with Byteflow, because the application uses the MetaWeblog XML-RPC API. Any clue?

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• Joining different models in Django

  - by Andrew Roberts

  Let's say I have this data model: class Workflow(models.Model): ... class Command(models.Model): workflow = models.ForeignKey(Workflow) ... class Job(models.Model): command = models.ForeignKey(Command) ... Suppose somewhere I want to loop through all the Workflow objects, and for each workflow I want to loop through its Commands, and for each Command I want to loop through each Job. Is there a way to structure this with a single query? That is, I'd like Workflow.objects.all() to join in its dependent models, so I get a collection that has dependent objects already cached, so workflows[0].command_set.get() doesn't produce an additional query. Is this possible?

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• Django database caching

  - by hekevintran

  I have a Django form that uses an integer field to lookup a model object by its primary key. The form has a save() method that uses the model object referred to by the integer field. The model's manager's get() method is called twice, once in the clean method and once in the save() method: class MyForm(forms.Form): id_a = fields.IntegerField() def clean_id_a(user_id): id_a = self.cleaned_data['id_a'] try: # here is the first call to get MyModel.objects.get(id=id_a) except User.DoesNotExist: raise ValidationError('Object does not exist') def save(self): id_a = self.cleaned_data['id_a'] # here is the second call to get my_model_object = MyModel.objects.get(id=id_a) # do other stuff I wasn't sure whether this hits the database two times or one time so I returned the object itself in the clean method so that I could avoid a second get() call. Does calling get() hit the database two times? Or is the object cached in the thread? class MyForm(forms.Form): id_a = fields.IntegerField() def clean_id_a(user_id): id_a = self.cleaned_data['id_a'] try: # here is my workaround return MyModel.objects.get(id=id_a) except User.DoesNotExist: raise ValidationError('Object does not exist') def save(self): # looking up the cleaned value returns the model object my_model_object = self.cleaned_data['id_a'] # do other stuff

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• Dropdown sorting in django-admin

  - by Andrey

  I'd like to know how can I sort values in the Django admin dropdowns. For example, I have a model called Article with a foreign key pointing to the Users model, smth like: class Article(models.Model): title = models.CharField(_('Title'), max_length=200) slug = models.SlugField(_('Slug'), unique_for_date='publish') author = models.ForeignKey(User) body = models.TextField(_('Body')) status = models.IntegerField(_('Status')) categories = models.ManyToManyField(Category, blank=True) publish = models.DateTimeField(_('Publish date')) I edit this model in django admin: class ArticleAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): list_display = ('title', 'publish', 'status') list_filter = ('publish', 'categories', 'status') search_fields = ('title', 'body') prepopulated_fields = {'slug': ('title',)} admin.site.register(Article, ArticleAdmin) and of course it makes the nice user select dropdown for me, but it's not sorted and it takes a lot of time to find a user by username.

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