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  • Should programming languages be strict or loose?

    - by Ralph
    In Python and JavaScript, semi-colons are optional. In PHP, quotes around array-keys are optional ($_GET[key] vs $_GET['key']), although if you omit them it will first look for a constant by that name. It also allows 2 different styles for blocks (colon, or brace delimited). I'm creating a programming language now, and I'm trying to decide how strict I should make it. There are a lot of cases where extra characters aren't really necessary and can be unambiguously interpreted due to priorities, but I'm wondering if I should still enforce them or not to encourage good programming habits. What do you think?

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  • Why are most GNU's software written in C

    - by BallroomProgrammer
    I am a Java developer, and I rarely write GUI program in C. However, I noticed that many GNU's projects, such as PSPP, R, Dia, etc., are written in C, instead of Java or C++. I personally don't mind this, but I am really curious why GNU favors C so much. My understanding is that C is the one that supports the least in object-oriented programming, and today's CS education really emphasizes OOP, as OOP really makes codes more reusable. In this case, why would so many developers choose to develop in C instead of C++ or Java. Does anyone know why GNU's software are so exclusively written in C? Do you think or GNU's software should be written in C++ or Java so that the source code could be more useful to people? Why or why not?

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  • Hadoop and Object Reuse, Why?

    - by Andrew White
    In Hadoop, objects passed to reducers are reused. This is extremely surprising and hard to track down if you're not expecting it. Furthermore, the original tracker for this "feature" doesn't offer any evidence that this change actually improved performance (unless I missed it). It would speed up the system substantially if we reused the keys and values [...] but I think it is worth doing. This seems completely counter to this very popular answer. Is there some credence to the Hadoop developer's claim? Is there something "special" about Hadoop that would invalidate the notion of object creation being cheap?

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  • Has MyEclipse implicit breakpoint in debugging mode in class URLClassPath [migrated]

    - by MJM
    I am beginner in MyEclipse IDEA. I using 8.6.1 version of it. My issue is: When I execute my program in debug mode, MyEclipse go to sun.misc.URLClassPath class and I must Resume breakpoint(by pressing F8 key) and continue executing my program. MyEclipse stay in URLClassPath class in following thread stack: 1. URLClassPath$JarLoader.<init>(URL, URLStreamHandler, HashMap) line: 581 2. URLClassPath$JarLoader.ensureOpen() line: 631 3. URLClassPath$JarLoader.getJarFile(URL) line: 641 4. URLClassPath$JarLoader.ensureOpen() line: 631 Note: this event happen when some jar file exist in my project Build-Path but when my application is simple this problem don't make and first breakpoint is my first breakpoint. Why this event happened?

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  • Gödel, Escher, Bach - Gödel's string

    - by Brad Urani
    In the book Gödel, Escher, Bach: An Eternal Golden Braid by Douglas Hofstadter, the author gives us a representation of the precursor to Gödel's string (Gödel's string's uncle) as: ~Ea,a': (I don't have the book in front of me but I think that's right). All that remains to get Gödel's string is to plug the Gödel number for this string into the free variable a''. What I don't understand is how to get the Gödel number for the functions PROOF-PAIR and ARITHMOQUINE. I understand how to write these functions in a programming language like FlooP (from the book) and could even write them myself in C# or Java, but the scheme that Hofstadter defines for Gödel numbering only applies to TNT (which is just his own syntax for natural number theory) and I don't see any way to write a procedure in TNT since it doesn't have any loops, variable assignments etc. Am I missing the point? Perhaps Gödel's string is not something that can actually be printed, but rather a theoretical string that need not actually be defined? I thought it would be neat to write a computer program that actually prints Gödel's string, or Gödel's string encoded by Gödel numbering (yes, I realize it would have a gazillion digits) but it seems like doing so requires some kind of procedural language and a Gödel numbering system for that procedural language that isn't included in the book. Of course once you had that, you could write a program that plugs random numbers into variable "a" and run procedure PROOF-PAIR on it to test for theoromhood of Gödel's string. If you let it run for a trillion years you might find a derivation that proves Gödel's string.

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  • Is there a Windows philosophy of programming?

    - by Maglob
    I've been programming both in Unix and Windows environments. Mostly I've worked in Unix, where I've learned Unix Philosophy, which can be summarized as Write programs that do one thing and do it well. Write programs to work together. Write programs to handle text streams, because that is a universal interface. There seems to be a clear difference in programming cultures between Unix and Windows worlds, for example: GUI vs CLI Registry vs config files Lots of tools specializing for any given need vs group of generic orthogonal tools which can combined Is there equivalent of "Unix philosophy" in Windows world? What Unix-programmer can learn from Windows or should be aware of when moving to programming in Windows? I would like answers to focus on the best practices of Windows programming (and not a fight between Windows and Unix).

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  • What does "context-free" mean in the term "context-free grammar"?

    - by rick
    Given the amount of material that tries to explain what a context-free grammar (CFG) is, I found it surprising that very few (in my sample, less than 1 in 20) give an explanation on why such grammars are called "context-free". And, to my mind, none succeeds in doing so. My question is, why are context-free grammars called context-free? What is "the context"? I had an intuition that the context could be other language constructs surrounding the currently analyzed construct, but that seems not to be the case. Could anyone provide a precise explanation?

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  • Why the recent shift to removing/omitting semicolons from Javascript?

    - by Jonathan
    It seems to be fashionable recently to omit semicolons from Javascript. There was a blog post a few years ago emphasising that in Javascript, semicolons are optional and the gist of the post seemed to be that you shouldn't bother with them because they're unnecessary. The post, widely cited, doesn't give any compelling reasons not to use them, just that leaving them out has few side-effects. Even GitHub has jumped on the no-semicolon bandwagon, requiring their omission in any internally-developed code, and a recent commit to the zepto.js project by its maintainer has removed all semicolons from the codebase. His chief justifications were: it's a matter of preference for his team; less typing Are there other good reasons to leave them out? Frankly I can see no reason to omit them, and certainly no reason to go back over code to erase them. It also goes against (years of) recommended practice, which I don't really buy the "cargo cult" argument for. So, why all the recent semicolon-hate? Is there a shortage looming? Or is this just the latest Javascript fad?

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  • Which approach would lead to an API that is easier to use?

    - by Clem
    I'm writing a JavaScript API and for a particular case, I'm wondering which approach is the sexiest. Let's take an example: writing a VideoPlayer, I add a getCurrentTime method which gives the elapsed time since the start. The first approach simply declares getCurrentTime as follows: getCurrentTime():number where number is the native number type. This approach includes a CURRENT_TIME_CHANGED event so that API users can add callbacks to be aware of time changes. Listening to this event would look like the following: myVideoPlayer.addEventListener(CURRENT_TIME_CHANGED, function(evt){ console.log ("current time = "+evt.getDispatcher().getCurrentTime()); }); The second approach declares getCurrentTime differently: getCurrentTime():CustomNumber where CustomNumber is a custom number object, not the native one. This custom object dispatches a VALUE_CHANGED event when its value changes, so there is no need for the CURRENT_TIME_CHANGED event! Just listen to the returned object for value changes! Listening to this event would look like the following: myVideoPlayer.getCurrentTime().addEventListener(VALUE_CHANGED, function(evt){ console.log ("current time = "+evt.getDispatcher().valueOf()); }); Note that CustomNumber has a valueOf method which returns a native number that lets the returned CustomNumber object being used as a number, so: var result = myVideoPlayer.getCurrentTime()+5; will work! So in the first approach, we listen to an object for a change in its property's value. In the second one we directly listen to the property for a change on its value. There are multiple pros and cons for each approach, I just want to know which one the developers would prefer to use!

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  • How to depict Import a file action in the Sequence diagram

    - by user970696
    Everyone says sequence diagrams are so easy but I just cannot figure this out. Basically user clicks on an 'Import from temp folder' button, the program opens a window with a list populated with filenames, user clicks on a filename, clicks on OK and the document is imported. I know the order of the actions but how to depict e.g. populating a list, or selecting an item from a list? So I assume the objects would be like: [USER] [ImportDialogWindow] [ListOfFiles:STRING] [?where to go with selected file]

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  • String patterns that can be used to filter and group files

    - by Louis Rhys
    One of our application filters files in certain directory, extract some data from it and export a document from the extracted data. The algorithm for extracting the data depends on the file, and so far we use regex to select the algorithm to be used, for example .*\.txt will be processed by algorithm A, foo[0-5]\.xml will be processed by algo B, etc. However now we need some files to be processed together. For example, in one case we need two files, foo.*\.xml and bar.*\.xml. Part of the information to be extracted exist in the foo file, and the other part in the bar file. Moreover, we need to make sure the wild card is compatible. For example, if there are 6 files foo1.xml foo23.xml bar1.xml bar9.xml bar23.xml foo4.xml I would expect foo1 and bar1 to be identified as a group, and foo23 and bar23 as another group. bar9 and foo4 has no pair, so they will not be treated. Now, since the filter is configured by user, we need to have a pattern that can express the above requirement. I don't think you can express meaning like above in standard regex. (foo|bar).*\.xml will match all 6 file above and we can't identify which file is paired for a particular file. Is there any standard pattern that can express it? Or any idea how to modify regex to support this, that can be implemented easily?

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  • how to write good programming logic?

    - by user106616
    recently I got job as a java developer, and now I have assigned project too. I want to know what is a good logic? when I check in the code my team lead is saying that its a good code. But when it comes to my project manager he is saying that its a bad code. And he is changing my code, after his changes if I see his code its really very very good and even simple. can you please tell me how to develop the good program, good logic? what is the best way to structure a problem in terms of code?

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  • Any Practical Alternative to the Signals + Slots model for GUI Programming?

    - by IntermediateHacker
    The majority of GUI Toolkits nowadays use the Signals + Slots model. It was Qt and GTK+, if I am not wrong, who pioneered it. You know, the widgets or graphical objects (sometimes even ones that aren't displayed) send signals to the main-loop handler. The main-loop handler then calls the events, callbacks or slots assigned for that widget / graphical object. There are usually default (and in most cases virtual) event-handlers already provided by the toolkit for handling all pre-defined signals, therefore, unlike previous designs where the developer had to write the entire main-loop and handler for each and every message himself (think WINAPI), the developer only has to worry about the signals he needs to implement new functionality on. Now this design is being used in most modern toolkits as far as I know. There are Qt, GTK+, FLTK etc. There is Java Swing. C# even has a language feature for it ( events and delegates ), and Windows Forms has been developed on this design. In fact, over the last decade, this design for GUI programming has become a kind of an unwritten standard. Since it increases productivity and provides greater abstraction. However, my question is: Is there any alternative design, that is parallel or practical for modern GUI programming? i.e Is the Signals + Slots design, the only practical one in town? Is it feasible to do GUI Programming with any other design? Are any modern (preferably successful and popular) GUI toolkits built on an alternative design?

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  • Scripting custom drawing in Delphi application with IF/THEN/ELSE statements?

    - by Jerry Dodge
    I'm building a Delphi application which displays a blueprint of a building, including doors, windows, wiring, lighting, outlets, switches, etc. I have implemented a very lightweight script of my own to call drawing commands to the canvas, which is loaded from a database. For example, one command is ELP 1110,1110,1290,1290,3,8388608 which draws an ellipse, parameters are 1110x1110 to 1290x1290 with pen width of 3 and the color 8388608 converted from an integer to a TColor. What I'm now doing is implementing objects with common drawing routines, and I'd like to use my scripting engine, but this calls for IF/THEN/ELSE statements and such. For example, when I'm drawing a light, if the light is turned on, I'd like to draw it yellow, but if it's off, I'd like to draw it gray. My current scripting engine has no recognition of such statements. It just accepts simple drawing commands which correspond with TCanvas methods. Here's the procedure I've developed (incomplete) for executing a drawing command on a canvas: function DrawCommand(const Cmd: String; var Canvas: TCanvas): Boolean; type TSingleArray = array of Single; var Br: TBrush; Pn: TPen; X: Integer; P: Integer; L: String; Inst: String; T: String; Nums: TSingleArray; begin Result:= False; Br:= Canvas.Brush; Pn:= Canvas.Pen; if Assigned(Canvas) then begin if Length(Cmd) > 5 then begin L:= UpperCase(Cmd); if Pos(' ', L)> 0 then begin Inst:= Copy(L, 1, Pos(' ', L) - 1); Delete(L, 1, Pos(' ', L)); L:= L + ','; SetLength(Nums, 0); X:= 0; while Pos(',', L) > 0 do begin P:= Pos(',', L); T:= Copy(L, 1, P - 1); Delete(L, 1, P); SetLength(Nums, X + 1); Nums[X]:= StrToFloatDef(T, 0); Inc(X); end; Br.Style:= bsClear; Pn.Style:= psSolid; Pn.Color:= clBlack; if Inst = 'LIN' then begin Pn.Width:= Trunc(Nums[4]); if Length(Nums) > 5 then begin Br.Style:= bsSolid; Br.Color:= Trunc(Nums[5]); end; Canvas.MoveTo(Trunc(Nums[0]), Trunc(Nums[1])); Canvas.LineTo(Trunc(Nums[2]), Trunc(Nums[3])); Result:= True; end else if Inst = 'ELP' then begin Pn.Width:= Trunc(Nums[4]); if Length(Nums) > 5 then begin Br.Style:= bsSolid; Br.Color:= Trunc(Nums[5]); end; Canvas.Ellipse(Trunc(Nums[0]),Trunc(Nums[1]),Trunc(Nums[2]),Trunc(Nums[3])); Result:= True; end else if Inst = 'ARC' then begin Pn.Width:= Trunc(Nums[8]); Canvas.Arc(Trunc(Nums[0]),Trunc(Nums[1]),Trunc(Nums[2]),Trunc(Nums[3]), Trunc(Nums[4]),Trunc(Nums[5]),Trunc(Nums[6]),Trunc(Nums[7])); Result:= True; end else if Inst = 'TXT' then begin Canvas.Font.Size:= Trunc(Nums[2]); Br.Style:= bsClear; Pn.Style:= psSolid; T:= Cmd; Delete(T, 1, Pos(' ', T)); Delete(T, 1, Pos(',', T)); Delete(T, 1, Pos(',', T)); Delete(T, 1, Pos(',', T)); Canvas.TextOut(Trunc(Nums[0]), Trunc(Nums[1]), T); Result:= True; end; end else begin //No space found, not a valid command end; end; end; end; What I'd like to know is what's a good lightweight third-party scripting engine I could use to accomplish this? I would hate to implement parsing of IF, THEN, ELSE, END, IFELSE, IFEND, and all those necessary commands. I need simply the ability to tell the scripting engine if certain properties meet certain conditions, it needs to draw the object a certain way. The light example above is only one scenario, but the same solution needs to also be applicable to other scenarios, such as a door being open or closed, locked or unlocked, and draw it a different way accordingly. This needs to be implemented in the object script drawing level. I can't hard-code any of these scripting/drawing rules, the drawing needs to be controlled based on the current state of the object, and I may also wish to draw a light a certain shade or darkness depending on how dimmed the light is.

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  • Intel programming "performance" books? [closed]

    - by user997112
    I vaguely remember seeing that Intel have produced a few good books, especially with regards to low latency programming, but I cannot remember the titles. Could people suggest the titles of Intel books (or ones relating to Intel products)? Examples include books on: -Intel Compiler -Intel Assembler -Any low level programming on Intel assembler -The Intel CPU architecture -Intel threading blocks library

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  • Software licensing and code generation

    - by Nicol Bolas
    I'm developing a tool that generates code from some various data. The tool itself will be licensed with the MIT license, which strikes a good balance for me in terms of allowing the freedom to use and modify it, while still holding the copyright. OK, but what is the legal status of the code generated by the tool? Who holds the copyright for code generated by a tool? Do I need to give users of the tool a license for the generated code, or do they already have that by virtue of it being generated by them? What is different about this code generation system (which may be relevant) is that the source information about the code generation is provided by the system itself. The user doesn't feed source data in; the source data is bundled along with it. They simply have the means to transform it in various ways (filtering out parts of the data they don't want, etc). Obviously they could edit the bundled data. Does that affect anything about this?

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  • How do you manage extensibility in your multi-tenant systems?

    - by Brian MacKay
    I've got a few big web based multi-tenant products now, and very soon I can see that there will be a lot of customizations that are tenant specific. An extra field here or there, maybe an extra page or some extra logic in the middle of a workflow - that sort of thing. Some of these customizations can be rolled into the core product, and that's great. Some of them are highly specific and would get in everyone else's way. I have a few ideas in mind for managing this, but none of them seem to scale well. The obvious solution is to introduce a ton of client-level settings, allowing various 'features' to be enabled on per-client basis. The downside with that, of course, is massive complexity and clutter. You could introduce a truly huge number of settings, and over time various types of logic (presentation, business) could get way out of hand. Then there's the problem of client-specific fields, which begs for something cleaner than just adding a bunch of nullable fields to the existing tables. So what are people doing to manage this? Force.com seems to be the master of extensibility; obviously they've created a platform from the ground up that is super extensible. You can add on to almost anything with their web-based UI. FogBugz did something similiar where they created a robust plugin model that, come to think of it, might have actually been inspired by Force. I know they spent a lot of time and money on it and if I'm not mistaken the intention was to actually use it internally for future product development. Sounds like the kind of thing I could be tempted to build but probably shouldn't. :) Is a massive investment in pluggable architecture the only way to go? How are you managing these problems, and what kind of results are you seeing? EDIT: It does look as though FogBugz handled the problem by building a fairly robust platform and then using that to put together their screens. To extend it you create a DLL containing classes that implement interfaces like ISearchScreenGridColumn, and that becomes a module. I'm sure it was tremendously expensive to build considering that they have a large of devs and they worked on it for months, plus their surface area is perhaps 5% of the size of my application. Right now I am seriously wondering if Force.com is the right way to handle this. And I am a hard core ASP.Net guy, so this is a strange position to find myself in.

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  • How to decide whether to implement an operation as Entity operation vs Service operation in Domain Driven Design?

    - by Louis Rhys
    I am reading Evans's Domain Driven Design. The book says that there are entity and there are services. If I were to implement an operation, how to decide whether I should add it as a method on an entity or do it in a service class? e.g. myEntity.DoStuff() or myService.DoStuffOn(myEntity)? Does it depend on whether other entities are involved? If it involves other entities, implement as service operation? But entities can have associations and can traverse it from there too right? Does it depend on stateless or not? But service can also access entities' variable, right? Like in do stuff myService.DoStuffOn, it can have code like if(myEntity.IsX) doSomething(); Which means that it will depend on the state? Or does it depend on complexity? How do you define complex operations?

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  • What are the IEEE and ACM good for?

    - by Joshua Fox
    Membership in the IEEE and ACM is sometimes portrayed as a sign of professionalism. But all that is involved, as far as I can tell, is sending them your money. In return, besides the potential resume line, these organizations sponsor conferences and journals. I can always attend a conference or subscribe to or submit a paper to a journal, whether I am a member or not. If being a member makes some of that cheaper, or is a prerequisite for admission then OK, but I still don't see the purpose of these organizations. The answer, as far as I can gather, is that their most important value is to provide some reading material. I'd suggest that this is not worth the money given the wide availability of other valuable reading materials.

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  • Working with CPU cycles in Gameboy Advance

    - by Preston Sexton
    I am working on an GBA emulator and stuck at implementing CPU cycles. I just know the basic knowledge about it, each instruction of ARM and THUMB mode as each different set of cycles for each instructions. Currently I am simply saying every ARM instructions cost 4 cycles and THUMB instructions cost 2 cycles. But how do you implement it like the CPU documentation says? Does instruction cycles vary depending on which section of the memory it's currently accessing to? http://nocash.emubase.de/gbatek.htm#cpuinstructioncycletimes According to the above specification, it says different memory areas have different waitstates but I don't know what it exactly mean. Furthermore, what are Non-sequential cycle, Sequential cycle, Internal Cycle, Coprocessor Cycle for? I saw in some GBA source code that they are using PC to figure out how many cycles each instruction takes to complete, but how are they doing it?

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  • There is any reason for which a delete method/field/function refactoring doesn't exist?

    - by raisercostin
    An operation in an interface is obsolete so I decided to delete it. It seems that there is no automatic support for such a "refactoring". For me is a refactoring operation since the behavior of the code will be preserved since nobody(tests, client apis) will notice that the operation was removed. In eclipse, in java code, on an method in an interface I have the following options: rename, move, change method signature, inline, extract interface, extract superclass, use supertype when possible, pull up, push down, introduce parameter objet, introduce indirection, generate declared type. There is any reason for which a delete method/field/function refactoring doesn't exist?

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  • How fast does a language get outdated?

    - by Dummy Derp
    I started learning Java recently. I started learning it using books that I picked up from the library, some that I bought, and here and there from Java documentation. The book that I use for Java was published in the year 2011. In 2012, Java8 will be released followed by Java9 in the year 2013. The questions are: How do I keep myself updated about developments in Java without having to buy a tome for Java8 and/or Java9 Is a book published in 2008 an outdated book for studying JSP and Servelets? I'm talking about Head First Servlets and JSP

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  • What was the first consumer-oriented hardware/software solution?

    - by Maksee
    We all know the story of the personal computer as a consumer-oriented product. But I just thought that real end user solution should have appeared before that time. So a product that was probably expensive, but allowed using it as a service charging for it, for example computer-terminal for transport time-table access or game machine. On the other site, the video terminals as we know them appeared not so long ago. So if there was something like this, this could be hardware/software most likely offering no interactivity, but probably printing some information based on user actions.

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  • Does a mature agile team requires any management?

    - by ashy_32bit
    After a recent heated debate over Scrum, I realized my problem is that I think of management as a quite unnecessary and redundant activity in a fully agile team. I believe a mature Agile team does not require management or any non-technical decision making process whatsoever. To my (apparently erring) eyes it is more than obvious that the only one suitable and capable of managing a mature development team is their coach (who is the most technically competent colleague with proper communication skills). I can't imagine how a Scrum master can contribute to such a team. I am having great difficulty realizing and understanding the value of such things in Scrum and the manager as someone who is not a veteran developer but is well skilled in planning the production cycles when a coach exists in the team. What does that even mean? How on earth can someone with no edge-skills of development manage a highly technical team? Perhaps management here means something else? I see management as a total waste of time and a by-product of immaturity. In my understanding a mature team is fully self-managing. Apparently I'm mistaken since many great people say the contrary but I can't convince myself.

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  • Best C# and SQL server reporting tool [closed]

    - by user65439
    What is the best reporting tool to use with C# applications? I have been playing around with Pentaho (a Java based reporting tool) but would prefer to work with something that integrate better with my c# and SQL server. The reporting requirements are extensive and I need a tool that can generate graphs etc. and can be called from within my c# code to automate and email these reports. Perhaps the people that is more experienced with report generation can help me out with some of the better applications used with C#

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