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  • How to understand Linux kernel source code for a beginner?

    - by Amit Chavan
    Hi, I am a student interested in working on Memory Management, particularly the page replacement component of the linux kernel. What are the different guides that can help me to begin understanding the kernel source? I have tried to read the book Understanding the Linux Virutal Memory Manager by Mel Gorman and Understanding the Linux Kernel by Cesati and Bovet, but they do not explain the flow of control through the code. They only end up explaining various data structures used and the work various functions perform. This makes the code more confusing. My project deals with tweaking the page replacement algorithm in a mainstream kernel and analyse its performance for a set of workloads. Is there a flavor of the linux kernel that would be easier to understand(if not the linux-2.6.xx kernel)?

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  • Is linq more efficient than it appears on the surface?

    - by Justin984
    If I write something like this: var things = mythings .Where(x => x.IsSomeValue) .Where(y => y.IsSomeOtherValue) Is this the same as: var results1 = new List<Thing>(); foreach(var t in mythings) if(t.IsSomeValue) results1.Add(t); var results2 = new List<Thing>(); foreach(var t in results1) if(t.IsSomeOtherValue) results2.Add(t); Or is there some magic under the covers that works more like this: var results = new List<Thing>(); foreach(var t in mythings) if(t.IsSomeValue && t.IsSomeOtherValue) results.Add(t); Or is it something completely different altogether?

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  • Writing Large Portions Of Code Then Debugging?

    - by The Floating Brain
    Lately I have been writing a game engine, and I have been writing a lot of "foundation stuff" (standard interfaces, modules, a message system ect.), but I have noticed a pattern, a lot of the stuff is interdependent and I can not debug until everything is done, hence I do not debug for about 3 to 5 hours at a time. I am wondering if this is an acceptable practice for this part of the project, and if not, if anyone can give me some advice? -----Update-----: I downloaded some code metrics tools, and my programs cyclomatic complexity is 1.52 which as I understand it is good, and should correlate to high cohesion, if I am wrong please correct me/

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  • What tools, libraries, or framework is needed to create a completely offline Javascript application?

    - by makerofthings7
    I am interested in creating a HTML application that can run as disconnected from the server as possible. Two examples of this include OWA in Exchange 2013 and to a lesser extent and the client available at www.ripple.com With the focus on OWA in Exchange 2013, what is needed to replicate the offline functionality available in a different application? A list technologies, frameworks, etc would be immensely helpful

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  • Algorithm for tracking progress of controller method running in background

    - by SilentAssassin
    I am using Codeigniter framework for PHP on Windows platform. My problem is I am trying to track progress of a controller method running in background. The controller extracts data from the database(MySQL) then does some processing and then stores the results again in the database. The complete aforesaid process can be considered as a single task. A new task can be assigned while another task is running. The newly assigned task will be added in a queue. So if I can track progress of the controller, I can show status for each of these tasks. Like I can show "Pending" status for tasks in the queue, "In Progress" for tasks running and "Done" for tasks that are completed. Main Issue: Now first thing I need to find is an algorithm to track the progress of how much amount of execution the controller method has completed and that means tracking how much amount of method has completed execution. For instance, this PHP script tracks progress of array being counted. Here the current state and state after total execution are known so it is possible to track its progress. But I am not able to devise anything analogous to it in my case. Maybe what I am trying to achieve is programmtically not possible. If its not possible then suggest me a workaround or a completely new approach. If some details are pending you can mention them. Sorry for my ignorance this is my first post here. I welcome you to point out my mistakes. EDIT: Database outline: The URL(s) and keyword(s) are first entered by user which are stored in a database table called link_master and keyword_master respectively. Then keywords are extracted from all the links present in this table and compared with keywords entered by user and their frequency is calculated which is the final result. And the results are stored in another table called link_result. Now sub-links are extracted from the domain links and stored in a table called sub_link_master. Now again the keywords are extracted from these sub-links and the corresponding results are stored in a table called sub_link_result. The number of records cannot be defined beforehand as the number of links on any web page can be different. Only the cardinality of *link_result* table can be known which will be equal to multiplication of number of keyword(s) and URL(s) . I insert multiple records at a time using this resource. Controller outline: The controller extracts keywords from a web page and also extracts keywords from all the links present on that page. There is a method called crawlLink. I used Rolling Curl to extract keywords and web page content. It has callback function which I used for extracting keywords alongwith generating results and extracting valid sub-links. There is a insertResult method which stores results for links and sub-links in the respective tables. Yes, the processing depends on the number of records. The more the number of records, the more time it takes to execute: Consider this scenario: Number of Domain Links = 1 Number of Keywords = 3 Number of Domain Links Result generated = 3 (3 x 1 as described in the question) Number of Sub Links generated = 41 Number of Sub Links Result = 117 (41 x 3 = 123 but some links are not valid or searchable) Approximate time taken for above process to complete = 55 seconds. The above result is for a single link. I want to track the progress of the above results getting stored in database. When all results are stored, the task is complete. If results are getting stored, the task is In Progress. I am not clear how can I track this progress.

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  • In which cases build artifacts will be different in different environments

    - by Sundeep
    We are working on automation of deployment using Jenkins. We have different environments - DEV, UAT, PROD. In SVN, we are tagging each release and placing same binaries in DEV, UAT, PROD. The artifacts already contains config files w.r.t each environment but I am not understanding why we are storing binaries in environment folder again. Are there any scenarios where deployment might be different for different environments.

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  • Develop secureness first or as a later step?

    - by MattyD
    The question Do you actively think about security when coding? asks about security mindset while programming. Obviously, a developer does need to think about security while coding — SQL injection, password security, etc. However, as far as the real, fully-formed security, especially the tricky problems that may not be immediately obvious, should I be concerned with tackling these throughout the development process, or should it be a step of its own in later development? I was listening to a podcast on Security Now and they mentioned about how a lot of the of the security problems found in Flash were because when Flash was first developed it wasn't built with security in mind (because it didn't need to) — therefore Flash has major security flaws at its core. I know that no one would want to actively disagree with "think security first" as a best practice, but many companies do not follow best practices. So, what is the correct approach to balance between needing to get the product done and developing it securely?

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  • How to keep your third party libraries up to date?

    - by Joonas Pulakka
    Let's say that I have a project that depends on 10 libraries, and within my project's trunk I'm free to use any versions of those libraries. So I start with the most recent versions. Then, each of those libraries gets an update once a month (on average). Now, keeping my trunk completely up to date would require updating a library reference every three days. This is obviously too much. Even though usually version 1.2.3 is a drop-in replacement for version 1.2.2, you never know without testing. Unit tests aren't enough; if it's a DB / file engine, you have to ensure that it works properly with files that were created with older versions, and maybe vice versa. If it has something to do with GUI, you have to visually inspect everything. And so on. How do you handle this? Some possible approaches: If it ain't broke, don't fix it. Stay with your current version of the library as long as you don't notice anything wrong with it when used in your application, no matter how often the library vendor publishes updates. Small incremental changes are just waste. Update frequently in order to keep change small. Since you'll have to update some day in any case, it's better to update often so that you notice any problems early when they're easy to fix, instead of jumping over several versions and letting potential problems to accumulate. Something in between. Is there a sweet spot?

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  • How are Java ByteBuffer's limit and position variable's updated?

    - by Dummy Derp
    There are two scenarios: writing and reading Writing: Whenever I write something to the ByteBuffer by calling its put(byte[]) method the position variable is incremented as: current position + size of byte[] and limit stays at the max. If, however, I put the data in a view buffer then I will have to, manually, calculate and update the position Before I call the write(ByteBuffer) method of the channel to write something, I will have to flip() the Bytebuffer so that position points to zero and limit points to the last byte that was written to the ByteBuffer. Reading: Whenever I call the read(ByteBuffer) method of a channel to read something, the position variable stays at 0 and the limit variable of the ByteBuffer points to the last byte that was read. So, if the ByteBuffer is smaller than the file being read, the limit variable is pushed to max This means that the ByteBuffer is already flipped and I can proceed to extracting the values from the ByteBuffer. Please, correct me where I am wrong :)

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  • Nested languages code smell

    - by l0b0
    Many projects combine languages, for example on the web with the ubiquitous SQL + server-side language + markup du jour + JavaScript + CSS mix (often in a single function). Bash and other shell code is mixed with Perl and Python on the server side, evaled and sometimes even passed through sed before execution. Many languages support runtime execution of arbitrary code strings, and in some it seems to be fairly common practice. In addition to advice about security and separation of concerns, what other issues are there with this type of programming, what can be done to minimize it, and is it ever defensible (except in the "PHB on the shoulder" situation)?

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  • Consuming JSON stream into AWS Database on the cheap

    - by wjl
    I'm working on a project that needs to consume a JSON stream (approximately 1MB / minute), and parse and insert objects into a database. Amazon's DynamoDB or SimpleDB seem like attractive options for this. Is there a web service that can run a very simple script to eat the data and put it in a database? I could use a worker on Heroku or Elastic Beanstalk, or even pure EC2, but I'd like to find a service that's much cheaper, due to the very low amount of bandwidth and CPU required. (Sorry for the crappy tags. I'm not even sure where to categorize this question.)

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  • Is reference to bug/issue in commit message considered good practice?

    - by Christian P
    I'm working on a project where we have the source control set up to automatically write notes in the bug tracker. We simply write the bug issue ID in the commit message and the commit message is added as a note to the bug tracker. I can see only a few downsides for this practice. If sometime in the future the source code gets separated from the bug tracking software (or the reported bugs/issues are somehow lost). Or when someone is looking in the history of commits but doesn't have access to our bug tracker. My question is if having a bug/issue reference in the commit message is considered good practice? Are there some other downsides?

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  • Does Microsoft really offer "support"?

    - by SpashHit
    One of the arguments against using Open Source is that there is no "support". However, do big vendors (e.g. Microsoft) really offer "support" of any kind? I'm sure there is some sort of 4-figure-per-hour "paid support" option out there, but is that really an "option" for any problem short of one that is going to bankrupt your business? To put it more concretely... I buy a Microsoft product... it has a bug... now what? And how is that better than what I get from Open Source?

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  • Advice needed: Software Development [closed]

    - by Hunter McMillen
    I recently graduated from college with a B.S. in Computer Science, and am now currently attending the same college to get an M.S. in Computer Science. I know lots of things about Computer Science and programming but throughout all of my coursework I have never had to develop a single complete application, the projects were always relatively small (~300-500 lines of code). Basically, my overall I am about to have these two degrees and I feel like I don't know anything about software development or design; which doesn't make a whole lot of sense. I am looking for ways to fill in the gaps in my knowledge, I would love people's advice on these questions: 1) How do you design good software? Where do you start? 2) What makes a good software developer? Sorry for the convoluted question, but in my mind it is a convoluted situation. Thanks Edit Thanks everyone for your advice.

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  • Permissions and MVC

    - by not-rightfold
    I’m in the progress of developing a web application. This web application is mostly a CRUD interface, although some users are only allowed to perform some actions and see only some parts of views. What would be a reasonable way to handle user permissions, given that some parts of views are not available to users? I was thinking of having a function hasPermission(permission) that returns true iff the current user has the given permission, although it would require conditionals around all parts of views that are only visible to some users. For example: {% if has_permission('view_location') %} {{ product.location }} {% endif %} I’m fearing this will become an ugly and unreadable mess, especially since these permissions can get kind of complicated. How is this problem commonly solved in web applications? I’m considering using Haskell with Happstack or Python with Django.

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  • Testcase runner for parametrized testcases

    - by Razer
    Let me explain my situation. I'm planning a kind of test case runner for doing testcases on external devices, which are microcontroller based. Lets consider the devices: Device 1 Device 2 There exist a lot of test cases which can be run with one of the devices above. For example: Testcase 1 Testcase 2 The main reason that all the testcases can be run with any device is, that the testcases validates some standard and this software should be extensible for future devices. The testcases itself must be runnable with changing parameters. For example Testcase 1 does some Timing Verification the testcase needs as input parameter the datarate: 4800, 9600, 19200. Now hoping you understand the situation, let me explain my design questions. For implementing the test cases I thought about an Attribute based approach, like nunit does it. The more complicated problem is, how to define the parametrized testcases? Like this: Device 1: Testcase 1: datarate: 4800, 9600, 19200 Testcase 2: supply: 1, 2, 3 Device 2: Testcase 1: datarate: 9600, 19200, 38400 Testcase 2: supply: 3, 4, 5 How would you design such a framework? I've done a similar desin in python where I had for every device a XML containing the testcase definitions like: <Testcase="Testcase 1" datarate=4800/> <Testcase="Testcase 1" datarate=9600/> <Testcase="Testcase 1" datarate=19200/>

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  • An ideal way to decode JSON documents in C?

    - by AzizAG
    Assuming I have an API to consume that uses JSON as a data transmission method, what is an ideal way to decode the JSON returned by each API resource? For example, in Java I'd create a class for each API resource then initiate an object of that class and consume data from it. for example: class UserJson extends JsonParser { public function UserJson(String document) { /*Initial document parsing goes here...*/ } //A bunch of getter methods . . . . } The probably do something like this: UserJson userJson = new UserJson(jsonString);//Initial parsing goes in the constructor String username = userJson.getName();//Parse JSON name property then return it as a String. Or when using a programming language with associative arrays(i.e., hash table) the decoding process doesn't require creating a class: (PHP) $userJson = json_decode($jsonString);//Decode JSON as key=>value $username = $userJson['name']; But, when I'm programming in procedural programming languages (C), I can't go with either method, since C is neither OOP nor supports associative arrays(by default, at least). What is the "correct" method of parsing pre-defined JSON strings(i.e., JSON documents specified by the API provider via examples or documentation)? The method I'm currently using is creating a file for each API resource to parse, the problem with this method is that it's basically a lousy version of the OOP method, as it looks exactly like the OOP method but doesn't provide any OOP benefits(e.g., can't pass an object of the parser, etc.). I've been thinking about encapsulating each API resource parser file in a publicly accessed structure(pointing all functions/publicly usable variables to the structure) then accessing the parser file code from within the structure(parser.parse(), parser.getName(), etc.). As this way looks a bit better than the my current method, it still just a rip off the OOP way, isn't it? Any suggestions for methods to parse JSON documents on procedural programming lanauges? Any comments on the methods I'm currently using(either 3 of them)?

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  • How does one handle an incorrect resource file?

    - by AedonEtLIRA
    I'm starting the parser that will handle one of the key features of my app and realizing exactly who easy it would be for me to screw up a resource file that is provided to the application. For example, a simple resource that I provide to my app is a JSON file that contains an entity layout (name, fascia, location etc...). It would be easy for me to leave out the name of the entity or misspell the JSON key. Obviously catastrophic failures during parsing are to be handled in a try/catch, but how would subtle failures (such as a dyslexic spelling of name) be handled?

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  • Quantifying the value of refactoring in commercial terms

    - by Myles McDonnell
    Here is the classic scenario; Dev team build a prototype. Business mgmt like it and put it into production. Dev team now have to continue to deliver new features whilst at the same time pay the technical debt accrued when the code base was a prototype. My question is this (forgive me, it's rather open ended); how can the value of the refactoring work be quantified in commercial terms? As developers we can clearly understand and communicate the value in technical terms, such a the removal of code duplication, the simplification of an object model and so on. But this means little to an executive focussed on the commercial elements. What will mean something to this executive is the dev. team being able to deliver requirements at faster velocity. Just making this statement without any metrics that clearly quantify return on investment (increased velocity in return for resource allocated to refactoring) carries little weight. I'm interested to hear from anyone who has had experience, positive or negative, in relation to the above. ----------------- EDIT ---------------- Thanks for the responses so far, all of which I think are good. What I want to develop is a metric that proves (or disproves!) all of these statements. A report that ties velocity to refactoring and shows a positive effect.

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  • Cloning existing software for commercial purposes - legal implications

    - by user2036256
    I have been asked to clone some existing software for a company. Basically its an old 16 bit DOS console app, which was supplied free of charge in I believe the late 80's. Having replaced the machine that needs to run it with a box running Win7 x64 they can't get it to work. It crashes every couple of minutes under DOSbox. The company that supplied it appears to no longer exist - if they did the company asking me to do this would almost certainly know about it. Its undetermined whether they have gone entirely or are just trading under a different name. If the latter they seem to have withdrawn from the market related to this product (because again, niche area, we should know about everyone there). What is the status to this with regards to copyright etc.? The main concern for the company involved is they want an identical interface to what they already have so I would have to clone this entirely. Having no source code / indication of the underlying mechanisms these would be written from scratch. Is an interface covered by copyright? / Does that still hold 30 years later? What is the assumed license when none at all is provided? Under UK law would I be under any serious risk were I to take on the project? How would this pan out if I then decided to sell the software on to other companies? Thanks

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  • Windows 7+ desktop apps - what's the best UI toolkit for a new project?

    - by Chris Adams
    I'm trying to make a decision for a new Windows desktop app: what to use for the UI. (This is a desktop app that needs to have compatibility with Windows 7. It won't be distributed on the Windows Store.) This application is going to be cross-platform. I intend on writing the core in C++, and using each platform's native UI toolkit. I feel this is preferable to using a cross-platform toolkit like Qt, as it allows me to keep the native look and feel of each platform. On the Windows side, the UI situation isn't exactly clear. I'm getting the feeling that Microsoft is slowly abandoning .NET, particularly as their preferred toolkit for desktop apps. Indeed, the Getting Started chapter for Windows 7, as well as the rest of Microsoft's documentation, seems to be more suited for C++. I have a few options here: C# with WPF - This sesms like this might be the best Microsoft has to offer for Windows 7 desktop apps, even if it isn't their "preferred" toolkit. I'd need to use P/Invoke to call my C++ code. C++ with Direct2D - This is what Microsoft used in one of their examples. This feels like it's too low-level. Part of the appeal of a higher-level UI toolkit is the consistency with the native look and feel of the platform, so doing this would just feel strange. C++ with a third-party UI toolkit, like Qt There might be some other options I'm missing, which I'd love to hear about. So, if you were starting a new Windows 7+ desktop app today, what would you use?

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  • What does Symfony Framework offer that Zend Framework does not?

    - by Fatmuemoo
    I have professionally working with Zend Framework for about a year. No major complaints. With some modifications, it has done a good job. I'm beginning to work on a side project where I want to heavily rely on MongoDb and Doctrine. I thought it might be a good idea to broaden my horizons and learn another enterprise level framework. There seems to be a lot a buzz about Symfony. After quickly looking over the site and documentation, I must say I came away pretty underwhelmed. I'm woundering what, if anything, Symfony has to offer that Zend doesn't? What would the advantage be in choosing Symfony?

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  • handling a GET error properly

    - by Andrew Heath
    I have a website that takes two primary get strings: ?type=GAME&id=SomeGameID ?type=SCENARIO&id=SomeScenarioID for reasons unknown, I have recently begun receiving requests for erroneous get strings from both Yandex and Baidu. They are always in the form of: ?type=GAME&id=SomeScenarioID None of my users are triggering these errors, so I am (sort of) confident that this is not due to an HTML template error somewhere on my part. There is also no HTTP_REFER showing up in the $_SERVER array, so I'm guessing these are direct requests from bad dbase data on their part. I see two options for dealing with these bad requests, and would like to know which is recommended... or if there are other, better options I have not thought of: simply 404 the request, since it is incorrect redirect the request to ?type=SCENARIO&id=SomeScenarioID because the scenario IDs are always valid, the breakage is due to asking for the wrong type.

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  • Naming a predicate: "precondition" or "precondition_is_met"?

    - by RexE
    In my web app framework, each page can have a precondition that needs to be satisfied before it can be displayed to the user. For example, if user 1 and user 2 are playing a back-and-forth role-playing game, user 2 needs to wait for user 1 to finish his turn before he can take his turn. Otherwise, the user is displayed a waiting page. This is implemented with a predicate: def precondition(self): return user_1.completed_turn The simplest name for this API is precondition, but this leads to code like if precondition(): ..., which is not really obvious. Seems to me like it is more accurate to call it precondition_is_met(), but not sure about that either. Is there a best practice for naming methods like this?

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  • Help in (re)designing my Swing application

    - by Harihar Das
    I have developed a Swing application that controls execution of several script like jobs. I need to display the interim output of the jobs concurrently. I have followed MVC while writing the application. The application is working as expected. But off late I have the following requirements in hand: A few of the script jobs need special user privileges to execute so as to access specialized resources. There seems to be now way in Java to impersonate as a different user while running an application.[examined in this question]. Also trying to run the Swing application as a scheduled task in windows is not helping. Once started the jobs should be running even if the user logs off after starting the jobs. I am thinking of separating the execution logic from the UI and run that as a service; and introduce JMS in between the two layers so as to store/retrieve the interim the output. Note: I need to run this application on windows Any ideas on meeting my requirements will be highly appreciated.

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