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• How do I handle priority and propagation in an event system?

  - by Peeter

  Lets say I have a simple event system with the following syntax: object = new Object(); object.bind("my_trigger", function() { print "hello"; }); object.bind("my_trigger", function() { print "hello2"; }); object.trigger("my_trigger"); How could I make sure hello2 is printed out first (I do not want my code to depend on which order the events are binded). Ontop of that, how would I prevent my events from propagating (e.g. I want to stop every other event from being executed)

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• Good resources for language design

  - by Aaron Digulla

  There are lots of books about good web design, UI design, etc. With the advent of Xtext, it's very simple to write your own language. What are good books and resources about language design? I'm not looking for a book about compiler building (like the dragon book) but something that answers: How to create a grammar that is forgiving (like adding optional trailing commas)? Which grammar patterns cause problems for users of a language? How create a compact grammar without introducing ambiguities

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• What are the relative merits for implementing an Erlang-style "Continuation" pattern in C#

  - by JoeGeeky

  What are the relative merits (or demerits) for implementing an Erlang-style "Continuation" pattern in C#. I'm working on a project that has a large number of Lowest priority threads and I'm wondering if my approach may be all wrong. It would seem there is a reasonable upper limit to the number of long-running threads that any one Process 'should' spawn. With that said, I'm not sure what would signal the tipping-point for too many thread or when alternate patterns such as "Continuation" would be more suitable. In this case, many of the threads do a small amount of work and then sleep until woken to go again (Ex. Heartbeat, purge caches, etc...). This continues for the life of the Process.

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• How can I move towards the Business Intelligence/ data mining fields from software developer [closed]

  - by user1758043

  I am working as a Python developer and I work with django. I also do some web scraping and building spiders and bots. Now from there I want to make my move to Business Intelligence. I just want to know how I can move into that field. Because as companies are not going to hire me in that field directly, I just want to know how can I make the transistion. I was thinking of first working as Database developer in SQL and then I can see further. But I want advice from you guys so that I can start learning that stuff so that I can change jobs keeping that in mind. Here in my area there are plenty of jobs in all areas but I need to know how to transition and what things I should learn before making that transition. Here jobs are plenty so if I know my stuff, getting a job is a piece of cake because they don't have any people. Same jobs keep getting advertised for months and months.

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• Command line options style - POSIX or what?

  - by maaartinus

  Somewhere I saw a rant against java/javac allegedly using a mix of Windows and Unix style like java -classpath ... -ea ... Something IMHO, it is no mix, it's just like find works as well, isn't it? AFAIK, according to POSIX, the syntax should be like java --classpath ... --ea ... Something and -abcdef would mean specifying 6 short options at once. I wonder which version leads in general to less typing and less errors. I'm writing a small utility in Java and in no case I'm going to use Windows style /a /b since I'm interested primarily in Unix. What style should I choose?

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• Scrum - real life example?

  - by Camilo

  I'm starting with scrum and saw many partial examples on books and tutorials, but when try to use scrum in the real life, it's not easy to write the user stories and create the product backlog. I want to see a real project with user stories, product backlog and sprint backlogs to see if I'm doing it in the correct way. Is there any open source project with a public product backlog ? Is there any shared complete user stories and product backlog from a real project?

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• Do I really need to learn Python? [closed]

  - by Pouya

  These days, I see the name "Python" a lot. Mostly when I'm doing some programming on linux/mac, I see a trace of Python. I have a fair knowledge of C++ and I'm quite good at Java. I also know Delphi which comes handy sometimes. I've been good with these languages, however, I was wondering if learning Python could make it better. What does it offer that makes it worth learning? What are its key/unique advantages/features?

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• Multiple sites with the same codebase in Python

  - by Jimmy

  I am trying to run a large amount of sites which share about 90% of their code. They are simply designed to query an API and return the results. They will have a common userbase / database but will be configured slightly different and will have different CSS (perhaps even different templating). My initial idea was to run them as separate applications with a common library but I have read about the sites framework which would allow them to run from a single instance of Django which may help to reduce memory usage. https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/ref/contrib/sites/ Is the site framework the right approach to a problem like this, and does it have real benefits over running separate applications? Initially I thought it was, but now I think otherwise. I have heard the following: Your SITE_ID is set in settings.py, so in order to have multiple sites, you need multiple settings.py configurations, which means multiple distinct processes/instances. You can of course share the code base between them, but each site will need a dedicated worker / WSGIDaemon to serve the site. This effectively removes any benefit of running multiple sites under one hood, if each site needs a UWSGI instance running. Alternative ideas of systems: https://github.com/iivvoo/django_layers https://github.com/shestera/django-multisite I don't know what route to be taking with this.

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• Quantifying the value of refactoring in commercial terms

  - by Myles McDonnell

  Here is the classic scenario; Dev team build a prototype. Business mgmt like it and put it into production. Dev team now have to continue to deliver new features whilst at the same time pay the technical debt accrued when the code base was a prototype. My question is this (forgive me, it's rather open ended); how can the value of the refactoring work be quantified in commercial terms? As developers we can clearly understand and communicate the value in technical terms, such a the removal of code duplication, the simplification of an object model and so on. But this means little to an executive focussed on the commercial elements. What will mean something to this executive is the dev. team being able to deliver requirements at faster velocity. Just making this statement without any metrics that clearly quantify return on investment (increased velocity in return for resource allocated to refactoring) carries little weight. I'm interested to hear from anyone who has had experience, positive or negative, in relation to the above. ----------------- EDIT ---------------- Thanks for the responses so far, all of which I think are good. What I want to develop is a metric that proves (or disproves!) all of these statements. A report that ties velocity to refactoring and shows a positive effect.

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• How does one handle an incorrect resource file?

  - by AedonEtLIRA

  I'm starting the parser that will handle one of the key features of my app and realizing exactly who easy it would be for me to screw up a resource file that is provided to the application. For example, a simple resource that I provide to my app is a JSON file that contains an entity layout (name, fascia, location etc...). It would be easy for me to leave out the name of the entity or misspell the JSON key. Obviously catastrophic failures during parsing are to be handled in a try/catch, but how would subtle failures (such as a dyslexic spelling of name) be handled?

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• Efficient Trie implementation for unicode strings

  - by U Mad

  I have been looking for an efficient String trie implementation. Mostly I have found code like this: Referential implementation in Java (per wikipedia) I dislike these implementations for mostly two reasons: They support only 256 ASCII characters. I need to cover things like cyrillic. They are extremely memory inefficient. Each node contains an array of 256 references, which is 4096 bytes on a 64 bit machine in Java. Each of these nodes can have up to 256 subnodes with 4096 bytes of references each. So a full Trie for every ASCII 2 character string would require a bit over 1MB. Three character strings? 256MB just for arrays in nodes. And so on. Of course I don't intend to have all of 16 million three character strings in my Trie, so a lot of space is just wasted. Most of these arrays are just null references as their capacity far exceeds the actual number of inserted keys. And if I add unicode, the arrays get even larger (char has 64k values instead of 256 in Java). Is there any hope of making an efficient trie for strings? I have considered a couple of improvements over these types of implementations: Instead of using array of references, I could use an array of primitive integer type, which indexes into an array of references to nodes whose size is close to the number of actual nodes. I could break strings into 4 bit parts which would allow for node arrays of size 16 at the cost of a deeper tree.

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• How to convince management to deal with technical debt?

  - by Desolate Planet

  This is a question that I often ask myself when working with developers. I've worked at four companies so far, and I've noticed a lack of attention to keeping code clean and dealing with technical debt that hinders future progress in a software app. For example, the first company I worked for had written a database from scratch rather than take something like MySQL and that created hell for the team when refacoring or extending the app. I've always tried to be honest and clear with my manager when he discusses projections, but management doesn't seem interested in fixing what's already there and it's horrible to see the impact it has on team morale and in their attitude towards others. What are your thoughts on the best way to tackle this problem? What I've seen is people packing up and leaving and the company becomes a revolving door with developers coming and and out and making the code worse. How do you communicate this to management to get them interested in sorting out technical debt?

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• How should developers handle subpar working conditions? [closed]

  - by ivar

  I have been working in my current job for less than a year and at the beginning didn't have the courage to say anything about the things that bothered me. Now I'm a bit fed up and need things to get better. The first problem is not random but I'll mention it anyway. We are running out of space so every new employee gets a smaller table. We are promised that the space problem will be fixed soon. Almost every employee has a different keyboard, mouse, headphones (if any). Mine are $10 keyboard, some random cheap mouse and some random crappy headphones with a mic. All these were used and dirty when I got them. The number of monitor is 1-3 and with different sizes. I have 2 nice monitors and can't complain but some are given 1 small monitor. When it's their first job they don't have the guts to ask for 2 even if most others have 2. Nobody seems to care too. Project manager asked if it's ok? He obviously said he can handle the 1 small one. Then the manager said you can go ask for 1 more. I'm watching this and think go and ask where? The company is trying to hire more people but is not doing much after the person has signed the contract. We are put in one room that is open to the hallway and it's super noisy. Almost like a zoo at times. Even if nobody is talking the crappy keyboards make too much noise. Is this normal? Am I too negative and should I just do my job with what I was given? Should I demand better things? Should the company have some system that everybody gets things in some price range?

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• Algorithm for tracking progress of controller method running in background

  - by SilentAssassin

  I am using Codeigniter framework for PHP on Windows platform. My problem is I am trying to track progress of a controller method running in background. The controller extracts data from the database(MySQL) then does some processing and then stores the results again in the database. The complete aforesaid process can be considered as a single task. A new task can be assigned while another task is running. The newly assigned task will be added in a queue. So if I can track progress of the controller, I can show status for each of these tasks. Like I can show "Pending" status for tasks in the queue, "In Progress" for tasks running and "Done" for tasks that are completed. Main Issue: Now first thing I need to find is an algorithm to track the progress of how much amount of execution the controller method has completed and that means tracking how much amount of method has completed execution. For instance, this PHP script tracks progress of array being counted. Here the current state and state after total execution are known so it is possible to track its progress. But I am not able to devise anything analogous to it in my case. Maybe what I am trying to achieve is programmtically not possible. If its not possible then suggest me a workaround or a completely new approach. If some details are pending you can mention them. Sorry for my ignorance this is my first post here. I welcome you to point out my mistakes. EDIT: Database outline: The URL(s) and keyword(s) are first entered by user which are stored in a database table called link_master and keyword_master respectively. Then keywords are extracted from all the links present in this table and compared with keywords entered by user and their frequency is calculated which is the final result. And the results are stored in another table called link_result. Now sub-links are extracted from the domain links and stored in a table called sub_link_master. Now again the keywords are extracted from these sub-links and the corresponding results are stored in a table called sub_link_result. The number of records cannot be defined beforehand as the number of links on any web page can be different. Only the cardinality of *link_result* table can be known which will be equal to multiplication of number of keyword(s) and URL(s) . I insert multiple records at a time using this resource. Controller outline: The controller extracts keywords from a web page and also extracts keywords from all the links present on that page. There is a method called crawlLink. I used Rolling Curl to extract keywords and web page content. It has callback function which I used for extracting keywords alongwith generating results and extracting valid sub-links. There is a insertResult method which stores results for links and sub-links in the respective tables. Yes, the processing depends on the number of records. The more the number of records, the more time it takes to execute: Consider this scenario: Number of Domain Links = 1 Number of Keywords = 3 Number of Domain Links Result generated = 3 (3 x 1 as described in the question) Number of Sub Links generated = 41 Number of Sub Links Result = 117 (41 x 3 = 123 but some links are not valid or searchable) Approximate time taken for above process to complete = 55 seconds. The above result is for a single link. I want to track the progress of the above results getting stored in database. When all results are stored, the task is complete. If results are getting stored, the task is In Progress. I am not clear how can I track this progress.

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• Architecture- Tracking lead origin when data is submitted by a server

  - by Kevin

  I'm looking for some assistance in determining the least complex strategy for tracking leads on an affiliate's website. The idea is to make the affiliate's integration with my application as easy as possible. I've run into theoretical barriers, so i'm here to explore other options. Application Overview: This is a lead aggregation / distribution platform. We will be focusing on the affiliate portion of this website. Essentially affiliates sign up, enter in marketing campaigns and sell us their conversions. Problem to be solved: We want to track a lead's origin and other events on the affiliate site. We want to know what pages, ads, and forms they viewed before they converted. This can easily be solved with pixel tracking. Very straightforward. Theoretical Issues: I thought I would ask affiliates to place the pixel where I could log impressions and set a third party cookie when the pixel is first called. Then I could associate future impressions with this cookie. The problem is that when the visitor converts on the affiliate's site and I receive their information via HTTP POST from the Affiliate's server I wouldn't be able to access the cookie and associate it with the lead record unless the lead lands on my processor via a redirect and is then redirected back to the affiliate's landing page. I don't want to force the affiliates to submit their forms directly to my tracking site, so allowing them to make an HTTP POST from their server side form processor would be ideal. I've considered writing JavaScript to set a First Party cookie but this seems to make things more complicated for the affiliate. I also considered having the affiliate submit the lead's data via a conversion pixel. This seems to be the most ideal scenario so far as almost all pixels are as easy as copy/paste. The only complication comes from the conversion pixel- which would submit all of the lead information and the request would come from the visitor's machine so I could access my third party cookie.

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• How do i rotate a 2D picturebox according to my mouse

  - by Gwenda.T

  I would want to rotate my picturebox which contains an image. The image will just spin around following the mouse, but the position of the image is fixed. Any idea on how it should be done? Btw using Visual Studio 2012 C# Windows phone application for Windows Phone 8. I've did a little research on google but the other codes were from VS2012 using a WinForm But it's different now I'm not able to use their code. So I was hoping I could find some answer at here! Currently now I have this private void arrowHead_Tap(object sender, System.Windows.Input.GestureEventArgs e) { Duration Time_duration = new Duration(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(0.5)); Storyboard MyStory = new Storyboard(); MyStory.Duration = Time_duration; DoubleAnimation My_Double = new DoubleAnimation(); My_Double.Duration = Time_duration; MyStory.Children.Add(My_Double); RotateTransform MyTransform = new RotateTransform(); Storyboard.SetTarget(My_Double, MyTransform); Storyboard.SetTargetProperty(My_Double, new PropertyPath("Angle")); My_Double.To = 15; arrowHead.RenderTransform = MyTransform; arrowHead.RenderTransformOrigin = new Point(0.5, 0.5); //stackPanel1.Children.Add(image1); MyStory.Begin(); } This is my only way of tilting the image however now I want it to follow my mouse! Thanks!

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• Prefer algorithms to hand-written loops?

  - by FredOverflow

  Which of the following to you find more readable? The hand-written loop: for (std::vector<Foo>::const_iterator it = vec.begin(); it != vec.end(); ++it) { bar.process(*it); } Or the algorithm invocation: #include <algorithm> #include <functional> std::for_each(vec.begin(), vec.end(), std::bind1st(std::mem_fun_ref(&Bar::process), bar)); I wonder if std::for_each is really worth it, given such a simple example already requires so much code. What are your thoughts on this matter?

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• Using which technique does facebook and pininterest show images?

  - by manish

  If anybody has ever noticed that when you open a image in Facebook something like this happens:- suppose you are at your homepage on Facebook:- the URL is https://www.facebook.com/ now if you open a image it gets opened in new modal like window and URL changes to:- https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=10151125374887397&set=a.338008237396.161268.36922302396&type=1&theater As far as I know in any common case a modal overlay would have kept the url in the address bar the same , My question is how does facebook / pintrest achieve this behaviour of not re-loading the whole page but still achieving the change in the address bar. Is there any jquery or javascript plugin for this?

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• MATLAB: Best fitness vs mean fitness, initial range

  - by Sa Ta

  Based on the example of Rastrigin's function. At the plot function, if I chose 'best fitness', on the same graph 'mean fitness' will also be plotted. I understand well about 'best fitness' whereby it plots the best function value in each generation versus iteration number. It will reach value zero after some times. I don't understand about 'mean fitness'in the graph plotted. What do those 'mean fitness' values mean? How does the 'mean fitness' graph help to understand Rastrigin's function? What are the meaning of the term initial population, initial score and initial range? I wish to have a better understanding of these terms. The default value for initial range is [0,1]. Does it mean that 0 is the lower bound (lb) and 1 is the upper bound (ub)? Do these values interfere with the lb and ub values I set in the constraints? I try to better understand about lb and ub. If my lb is 0 and ub is 5, does it mean that my final point values will be within 0 and 5? If I know the lb and ub for my problem is between 0 and 5, do I just set the initial range as [0,5] at all times and may I assume that this is the best option for initial range, and I need not try it with any other values?

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• Resources on learning to program in machine code?

  - by AceofSpades

  I'm a student, fresh into programming and loving it, from Java to C++ and down to C. I moved backwards to the barebones and thought to go further down to Assembly. But, to my surprise, a lot of people said it's not as fast as C and there is no use. They suggested learning either how to program a kernel or writing a C compiler. My dream is to learn to program in binary (machine code) or maybe program bare metal (program micro-controller physically) or write bios or boot loaders or something of that nature. The only possible thing I heard after so much research is that a hex editor is the closest thing to machine language I could find in this age and era. Are there other things I'm unaware of? Are there any resources to learn to program in machine code? Preferably on a 8-bit micro-controller/microprocessor. This question is similar to mine, but I'm interested in practical learning first and then understanding the theory.

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• How to deal with social login

  - by Matteo Pagliazzi

  In my new web app I'm going to allow social login through Twitter (maybe), Facebook and Google and I'm in search of the best way to do it. Actually I'm using Rails with Devise + Omniauth and this is the problem: Should I ask the user to choose a password so that he can login without a social network? Or maybe the user should be able to set a password if he want (for example when editing his account?) The second way seems the best one but since Twitter doesn't provide user email and google doesn't provide an username I'll probably have to ask the user for username/email when he log in so in that case I may also ask for the password... waht do you think?

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• How do we keep dependent data structures up to date?

  - by Geo

  Suppose you have a parse tree, an abstract syntax tree, and a control flow graph, each one logically derived from the one before. In principle it is easy to construct each graph given the parse tree, but how can we manage the complexity of updating the graphs when the parse tree is modified? We know exactly how the tree has been modified, but how can the change be propagated to the other trees in a way that doesn't become difficult to manage? Naturally the dependent graph can be updated by simply reconstructing it from scratch every time the first graph changes, but then there would be no way of knowing the details of the changes in the dependent graph. I currently have four ways to attempt to solve this problem, but each one has difficulties. Nodes of the dependent tree each observe the relevant nodes of the original tree, updating themselves and the observer lists of original tree nodes as necessary. The conceptual complexity of this can become daunting. Each node of the original tree has a list of the dependent tree nodes that specifically depend upon it, and when the node changes it sets a flag on the dependent nodes to mark them as dirty, including the parents of the dependent nodes all the way down to the root. After each change we run an algorithm that is much like the algorithm for constructing the dependent graph from scratch, but it skips over any clean node and reconstructs each dirty node, keeping track of whether the reconstructed node is actually different from the dirty node. This can also get tricky. We can represent the logical connection between the original graph and the dependent graph as a data structure, like a list of constraints, perhaps designed using a declarative language. When the original graph changes we need only scan the list to discover which constraints are violated and how the dependent tree needs to change to correct the violation, all encoded as data. We can reconstruct the dependent graph from scratch as though there were no existing dependent graph, and then compare the existing graph and the new graph to discover how it has changed. I'm sure this is the easiest way because I know there are algorithms available for detecting differences, but they are all quite computationally expensive and in principle it seems unnecessary so I'm deliberately avoiding this option. What is the right way to deal with these sorts of problems? Surely there must be a design pattern that makes this whole thing almost easy. It would be nice to have a good solution for every problem of this general description. Does this class of problem have a name?

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• How to present a stable data model in a public API that allows internal data structures to be changed without breaking the public view of the data?

  - by Max Palmer

  I am in the process of developing an application that allows users to write C# scripts. These scripts allow users to call selected methods and to access and manipulate data in a document. This works well, however, in the development version, scripts access the document's (internal) data structures directly. This means that if we were to change the internal data model/structure, there is a good chance that someone's script will no longer compile. We obviously want to prevent this breaking change from happening, but still want to allow the user to write sensible C# code (whilst not restricting how we develop our internal data model as a result). We therefore need to decouple our scripting API and its data structures from our internal methods and data structures. We've a few ideas as to how we might allow the user to access a what is effectively a stable public version of the document's internal data*, but I wanted to throw the question out there to someone who might have some real experience of this problem. NB our internal document's data structure is quite complex and it could be quite difficult to wrap. We know we want to expose as little as possible in our public API, especially as once it's out there, it's out there for good. Can anyone help? How do scripting languages / APIs decouple their public API and data structures from their internal data structures? Is there no real alternative to having to write a complex interaction layer? If we need to do this, what's a good approach or pattern for wrapping complex data structures that include nested objects, including collections? I've looked at the API facade pattern, which looks like it's trying to address these kinds of issues, but are there alternatives? *One idea is to build a data facade that is kept stable across versions of our application. The facade exposes a set of facade data objects that are used in the script code. These maintain backwards compatibility and wrap access to our internal document's data model.

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• What are basic programming directions? [closed]

  - by Goward Gerald

  What are basic programming directions? Can you please list them and give a brief review of each? Would be nice to have a list for each direction (web-development/*enterprise*/standalone/*mobile*/etc, correct me if I skipped something) like this: 1). Most popular languages of this direction (php for web, objective C for iOS mobile development etc) 2). It's demand on market (from 0 to 5, subjective) 3). How much tasks differ (do you always create same-of-a-kind programs which are like clones of each oother or projects change and you often get to create something interesting, new and fresh?) 4). Freelance demand (from 0 to 5) 5). Fun factor (from 0 to 5, totally subjective but still write it please) Thanks!

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• Should I ditch a creative pet project in lieu of one that would demonstrate skills more applicable to an employer?

  - by Hart Simha

  I am currently working on a project on github that I think would be a good demonstration of my initiative, creativity and enthusiasm. It is an educational game I am developing in pygame that enables the user to learn to improve their development productivity by using vim, specifically with python, though learning to code faster with vim should be transferable to any language. I think this is something that might have a mass appeal and benefit to a lot of people in a measurable way. -However- I am graduating from college in a month (my degree is computer science with a minor in english), with no experience that is relevant to helping me get any kind of job in the field, and a gpa that doesn't tout my merits. I could pursue a career in game development, but it's not necessarily what I'm most interested in, and see myself applying to startups around the country. To the places I am looking at applying, showing that I have experience with pygame is going to be largely irrelevant, except in demonstration of my ability to code, period. A lot of skills that ARE more marketable, such a data modeling, GIS, mobile development, javascript, .net framework, and various web development technologies, are not going to be showcased by this project (on the upside, employers do like to see familiarity with git and python). I'm wondering if I should sink all my free time in the next couple of months into this project, since I'm motivated and interested in it, and if the value of being able to demonstrate ambition and 'good ideas' (for lack of a better term, and in my own opinion) will compensate for the absence of demonstrating more sought-after skills. I am probably at a point where I should either commit fully to this project now, or put it on the backburner in favor of something else, and I am leaning towards continuing with what I am already working on, because I think it's a great idea, and something achievable to me with enough dedication over the next couple months. But the most important thing to me is being able to get a job out of college, which I am exceedingly concerned about as the professional landscape which I am navigating for the first time is a lot more intimidating than I could have anticipated, with almost every job (even short-term contract positions) requiring years of experience which I lack. Oh, and in case anyone is interested, my repository is here: www.github.com/hmsimha/vimagine

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