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  • Double Buffering for Game objects, what's a nice clean generic C++ way?

    - by Gary
    This is in C++. So, I'm starting from scratch writing a game engine for fun and learning from the ground up. One of the ideas I want to implement is to have game object state (a struct) be double-buffered. For instance, I can have subsystems updating the new game object data while a render thread is rendering from the old data by guaranteeing there is a consistent state stored within the game object (the data from last time). After rendering of old and updating of new is finished, I can swap buffers and do it again. Question is, what's a good forward-looking and generic OOP way to expose this to my classes while trying to hide implementation details as much as possible? Would like to know your thoughts and considerations. I was thinking operator overloading could be used, but how do I overload assign for a templated class's member within my buffer class? for instance, I think this is an example of what I want: doublebuffer<Vector3> data; data.x=5; //would write to the member x within the new buffer int a=data.x; //would read from the old buffer's x member data.x+=1; //I guess this shouldn't be allowed If this is possible, I could choose to enable or disable double-buffering structs without changing much code. This is what I was considering: template <class T> class doublebuffer{ T T1; T T2; T * current=T1; T * old=T2; public: doublebuffer(); ~doublebuffer(); void swap(); operator=()?... }; and a game object would be like this: struct MyObjectData{ int x; float afloat; } class MyObject: public Node { doublebuffer<MyObjectData> data; functions... } What I have right now is functions that return pointers to the old and new buffer, and I guess any classes that use them have to be aware of this. Is there a better way?

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  • Multiprogramming in Django, writing to the Database

    - by Marcus Whybrow
    Introduction I have the following code which checks to see if a similar model exists in the database, and if it does not it creates the new model: class BookProfile(): # ... def save(self, *args, **kwargs): uniqueConstraint = {'book_instance': self.book_instance, 'collection': self.collection} # Test for other objects with identical values profiles = BookProfile.objects.filter(Q(**uniqueConstraint) & ~Q(pk=self.pk)) # If none are found create the object, else fail. if len(profiles) == 0: super(BookProfile, self).save(*args, **kwargs) else: raise ValidationError('A Book Profile for that book instance in that collection already exists') I first build my constraints, then search for a model with those values which I am enforcing must be unique Q(**uniqueConstraint). In addition I ensure that if the save method is updating and not inserting, that we do not find this object when looking for other similar objects ~Q(pk=self.pk). I should mention that I ham implementing soft delete (with a modified objects manager which only shows non-deleted objects) which is why I must check for myself rather then relying on unique_together errors. Problem Right thats the introduction out of the way. My problem is that when multiple identical objects are saved in quick (or as near as simultaneous) succession, sometimes both get added even though the first being added should prevent the second. I have tested the code in the shell and it succeeds every time I run it. Thus my assumption is if say we have two objects being added Object A and Object B. Object A runs its check upon save() being called. Then the process saving Object B gets some time on the processor. Object B runs that same test, but Object A has not yet been added so Object B is added to the database. Then Object A regains control of the processor, and has allready run its test, even though identical Object B is in the database, it adds it regardless. My Thoughts The reason I fear multiprogramming could be involved is that each Object A and Object is being added through an API save view, so a request to the view is made for each save, thus not a single request with multiple sequential saves on objects. It might be the case that Apache is creating a process for each request, and thus causing the problems I think I am seeing. As you would expect, the problem only occurs sometimes, which is characteristic of multiprogramming or multiprocessing errors. If this is the case, is there a way to make the test and set parts of the save() method a critical section, so that a process switch cannot happen between the test and the set?

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  • How to serialize as an array of objects from multiple fields in jQuery?

    - by teebot.be
    Hi, I'm using jQuery to dynamically add new divs containing a few fields. I'm adding new tunes in this example of output: <div id="uploadedTunes"> <div class="tune"> Title:<input type="text" name="Title"> Length:<input type="text" name="Length"> </div> <div class="tune"> Title:<input type="text" name="Title"> Length:<input type="text" name="Length"> </div> </div> Is there a way to serialize only the fields in the div uploadedTunes (and not the whole form) ? And how do I serialize this so I have an array like this: uploadedTunes{ tune { Title="highway to hell", Length="03:01" } } Thank you for your help or clues!

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  • Do I need to explicitly destroy JavaScript objects on window unload?

    - by Bilal Aslam
    I have a JavaScript widget that is hosted on websites. This widget tracks state in a number of variables in its local namespace. Moreover, it attaches listeners for several events, such as mouse movement. Should I explicitly destroy both state-tracking variables and detach event listeners on window unload? Or is it ok to rely on the browser to do a good job of cleaning up after the user leaves the page that hosts my widget?

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  • How to get a handle to all JCheckBox objects in order to loop?

    - by EmmyS
    I'm very new to Java and am having some issues looping through JCheckBoxes on a UI. The idea is that I have a bunch of checkboxes (not in a group because more than one can be selected.) When I click a JButton, I want to build a string containing the text from each selected checkbox. The issue I'm having is that our instructor told us that the checkboxes need to be created via a method, which means (see code below) that there isn't a discrete instance name for each checkbox. If there were, I could say something like if(checkBox1.isSelected()) { myString.append(checkBox.getText()); } That would repeat for checkBox2, checkBox3, and so on. But the method provided to us for adding checkboxes to a panel looks like this: public class CheckBoxPanel extends JPanel { private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; public CheckBoxPanel(String title, String... options) { setBorder(BorderFactory.createTitledBorder(BorderFactory .createEtchedBorder(), title)); setLayout(new BoxLayout(this, BoxLayout.Y_AXIS)); // make one checkbox for each option for (String option : options) { JCheckBox b = new JCheckBox(option); b.setActionCommand(option); add(b); } } } This is called like this: toppingPanel = new CheckBoxPanel("Each Topping $1.50", "Tomato", "Green Pepper", "Black Olives", "Mushrooms", "Extra Cheese", "Pepperoni", "Sausage"); So I now have a panel that contains a border with the title "Each Topping $1.50", and 7 visible checkboxes. What I need to do is get a list of all the selected toppings. We are not supposed to use an ActionListener for each checkbox, but rather get the list when a button is clicked. I'm feeling really clueless here, but I just can't figure out how to get the isSelected property of the checkboxes when the individual checkboxes don't have instance names. Ideally I'd like to somehow add all the checkboxes to an array and loop through the array in the button's action listener to determine which ones are checked, but if I have to check each one individually I will. I just can't figure out how to refer to an individual checkbox when they've been created dynamically.

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  • Entity Framework. Updating EntityCollection using disconnected objects via navigation property.

    - by yougotiger
    I have a question, much liket this unanswered one. I'm trying to work with the entity framework, and having a tough time getting my foreign tables to update. I have something basically like this in the DB: Incident (table): -ID -other fields Responses (table): -FK:Incident.ID -other fields And and entities that match: Incident (entity) -ID -Other fields -Responses (EntityCollection of Responses via navigation property) Each Incident can have 0 or more responses. In my Webpage, I have a form to allow the user to enter all the details of an Incident, including a list of responses. I can add everything to the database when a new Incident is created, however I'm having difficulty with editing the Incident. When the page loads for edit, I populate the form and then store the responses in the viewstate. When the user changes the list of responses (adds one, deletes one or edits one). I store this back into the viewstate. Then when the user clicks the save button, I'd like to save the changes to the Incident and the Responses back to the DB. I cannot figure out how to get the responses from the detached viewstate into the Incident object so that they can be updated together. Currently when the user clicks save, I'm getting the Incident to edit from the db, making changes to the Incident's fields and then saving it back to the DB. However I can't figure out how to have the detached list of responses from the viewstate attach to the Incident. I have tried the following without success: Clearning the Incident.Responses collection and adding the ones from the viewstate back in: Incident.Responses.Clear() for each objResponse in Viewstate("Responses") Incident.Responses.add(objResponse) next Creating an EntityCollection from my list and then assiging that to the Incident.Responses Incident.Responses = EntityCollectionFromViewstateList Iterating through the responses in Incident.Response and assigning the corresponding object from viewstate: for each ObjResponse in Incident.Responses objResponse = objCorrespondingModifedResonseFromViewState Next These all fail, I'd like to be able to merge the changes into the Inicdent object so that when the BLL calls SaveChanges on the changes to both the Incident and Responses will happen at the same time. Any suggestions? I keep finding lots of stuff about assigning foreign keys (singular), but I haven't found a great solution for doing a set of entities assigned to another entity in this manner.

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  • _dl_runtime_resolve -- When do the shared objects get loaded in to memory?

    - by windfinder
    We have a message processing system with high performance demands. Recently we have noticed that the first message takes many times longer then subsequent messages. A bunch of transformation and message augmentation happens as this goes through our system, much of it done by way of external lib. I just profiled this issue (using callgrind), comparing a "run" of just one message with a "run" of many messages (providing a baseline of comparison). The main difference I see is the function "do_lookup_x" taking up a huge amount of time. Looking at the various calls to this function, they all seem to be called by the common function: _dl_runtime_resolve. Not sure what this function does, but to me this looks like the first time the various shared libraries are being used, and are then being loaded in to memory by the ld. Is this a correct assumption? That the binary will not load the shared libraries in to memory until they are being prepped for use, therefore we will see a massive slowdown on the first message, but on none of the subsequent? How do we go about avoiding this? Note: We operate on the microsecond scale.

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  • Is this an idiomatic way to pass mocks into objects?

    - by Billy ONeal
    I'm a bit confused about passing in this mock class into an implementation class. It feels wrong to have all this explicitly managed memory flying around. I'd just pass the class by value but that runs into the slicing problem. Am I missing something here? Implementation: namespace detail { struct FileApi { virtual HANDLE CreateFileW( __in LPCWSTR lpFileName, __in DWORD dwDesiredAccess, __in DWORD dwShareMode, __in_opt LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpSecurityAttributes, __in DWORD dwCreationDisposition, __in DWORD dwFlagsAndAttributes, __in_opt HANDLE hTemplateFile ) { return ::CreateFileW(lpFileName, dwDesiredAccess, dwShareMode, lpSecurityAttributes, dwCreationDisposition, dwFlagsAndAttributes, hTemplateFile); } virtual void CloseHandle(HANDLE handleToClose) { ::CloseHandle(handleToClose); } }; } class File : boost::noncopyable { HANDLE hWin32; boost::scoped_ptr<detail::FileApi> fileApi; public: File( __in LPCWSTR lpFileName, __in DWORD dwDesiredAccess, __in DWORD dwShareMode, __in_opt LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpSecurityAttributes, __in DWORD dwCreationDisposition, __in DWORD dwFlagsAndAttributes, __in_opt HANDLE hTemplateFile, __in detail::FileApi * method = new detail::FileApi() ) { fileApi.reset(method); hWin32 = fileApi->CreateFileW(lpFileName, dwDesiredAccess, dwShareMode, lpSecurityAttributes, dwCreationDisposition, dwFlagsAndAttributes, hTemplateFile); } }; namespace detail { struct FileApi { virtual HANDLE CreateFileW( __in LPCWSTR lpFileName, __in DWORD dwDesiredAccess, __in DWORD dwShareMode, __in_opt LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpSecurityAttributes, __in DWORD dwCreationDisposition, __in DWORD dwFlagsAndAttributes, __in_opt HANDLE hTemplateFile ) { return ::CreateFileW(lpFileName, dwDesiredAccess, dwShareMode, lpSecurityAttributes, dwCreationDisposition, dwFlagsAndAttributes, hTemplateFile); } virtual void CloseHandle(HANDLE handleToClose) { ::CloseHandle(handleToClose); } }; } class File : boost::noncopyable { HANDLE hWin32; boost::scoped_ptr<detail::FileApi> fileApi; public: File( __in LPCWSTR lpFileName, __in DWORD dwDesiredAccess, __in DWORD dwShareMode, __in_opt LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpSecurityAttributes, __in DWORD dwCreationDisposition, __in DWORD dwFlagsAndAttributes, __in_opt HANDLE hTemplateFile, __in detail::FileApi * method = new detail::FileApi() ) { fileApi.reset(method); hWin32 = fileApi->CreateFileW(lpFileName, dwDesiredAccess, dwShareMode, lpSecurityAttributes, dwCreationDisposition, dwFlagsAndAttributes, hTemplateFile); } ~File() { fileApi->CloseHandle(hWin32); } }; Tests: namespace detail { struct MockFileApi : public FileApi { MOCK_METHOD7(CreateFileW, HANDLE(LPCWSTR, DWORD, DWORD, LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES, DWORD, DWORD, HANDLE)); MOCK_METHOD1(CloseHandle, void(HANDLE)); }; } using namespace detail; using namespace testing; TEST(Test_File, OpenPassesArguments) { MockFileApi * api = new MockFileApi; EXPECT_CALL(*api, CreateFileW(Eq(L"BozoFile"), Eq(56), Eq(72), Eq(reinterpret_cast<LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES>(67)), Eq(98), Eq(102), Eq(reinterpret_cast<HANDLE>(98)))) .Times(1).WillOnce(Return(reinterpret_cast<HANDLE>(42))); File test(L"BozoFile", 56, 72, reinterpret_cast<LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES>(67), 98, 102, reinterpret_cast<HANDLE>(98), api); }

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  • How to create refresh statements for TableAdapter objects in Visual Studio?

    - by Mark Wilkins
    I am working on developing an ADO.NET data provider and an associated DDEX provider. I am unable to convince the Visual Studio TableAdapater Configuration Wizard to generate SQL statements to refresh the data table after inserts and updates. It generates the insert and delete statements but will not produce the select statements to do the refresh. The functionality referred to can be accessed by dropping a table from the Server Explorer (inside Visual Studio) onto a DataSet (e.g., DataSet1.xsd). It creates a TableAdapter object and configures SELECT, UPDATE, DELETE, and INSERT statements. If you right click on the TableAdapter object, the context menu has a “Configure” option that starts the “TableAdapter Configuration Wizard”. The first dialog of that wizard has an Advanced Options button, which leads to an option titled “Refresh the data table”. When used with SQL Server tables, that option causes a statement of the form “select field1, field2, …” to be added on to the end of the commands for the TableAdapter’s InsertCommand and UpdateCommand. Do you have any idea what type property or interface might need to be exposed from the DDEX provider (or maybe the ADO.NET data provider) in order to make Visual Studio add those refresh statements to the update/insert commands? The MSDN documentation for the Advanced SQL Generation Options Dialog Box has a note stating, “Refreshing the data table is only supported on databases that support batching of SQL statements.” This seems to imply that a .NET data provider might need to expose some property indicating such behavior is supported. But I cannot find it. Any ideas?

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  • Write directly to a remote Git repository, without adding objects to a local index/repo?

    - by Ryan B. Lynch
    Does Git support any commands that would allow me to commit directly from a local/working tree into a remote repository? The normal workflow requires a "git add", at least, to populate the object database with copies of the file contents, etc. I understand that this is NOT the normal, expected Git workflow. But I noticed that Git already supports downloading directly from the repository, with no local repo ("git archive"), so it seems reasonable that there might be a similar uploading operation. Alternatively, if there isn't such a command in the core Git itself, does any 3rd-party software support direct remote writes?

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  • Several Objective-C objects become Invalid for no reason, sometimes.

    - by farnsworth
    - (void)loadLocations { NSString *url = @"<URL to a text file>"; NSStringEncoding enc = NSUTF8StringEncoding; NSString *locationString = [[NSString alloc] initWithContentsOfURL:[NSURL URLWithString:url] usedEncoding:&enc error:nil]; NSArray *lines = [locationString componentsSeparatedByString:@"\n"]; for (int i=0; i<[lines count]; i++) { NSString *line = [lines objectAtIndex:i]; NSArray *components = [line componentsSeparatedByString:@", "]; Restaurant *res = [byID objectForKey:[components objectAtIndex:0]]; if (res) { NSString *resAddress = [components objectAtIndex:3]; NSArray *loc = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:[components objectAtIndex:1], [components objectAtIndex:2]]; [res.locationCoords setObject:loc forKey:resAddress]; } else { NSLog([[components objectAtIndex:0] stringByAppendingString:@" res id not found."]); } } } There are a few weird things happening here. First, at the two lines where the NSArray lines is used, this message is printed to the console- *** Terminating app due to uncaught exception 'NSInvalidArgumentException', reason: '*** -[NSCFDictionary count]: method sent to an uninitialized mutable dictionary object' which is strange since lines is definitely not an NSMutableDictionary, definitely is initialized, and because the app doesn't crash. Also, at random points in the loop, all of the variables that the debugger can see will become Invalid. Local variables, property variables, everything. Then after a couple lines they will go back to their original values. setObject:forKey never has an effect on res.locationCoords, which is an NSMutableDictionary. I'm sure that res, res.locationCoords, and byId are initialized. I also tried adding a retain or copy to lines, same thing. I'm sure there's a basic memory management principle I'm missing here but I'm at a loss.

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  • Access 2007 DAO VBA Error 3381 causes objects in calling methods to "break".

    - by MT
    ---AFTER FURTHER INVESTIGATION--- "tblABC" in the below example must be a linked table (to another Access database). If "tblABC" is in the same database as the code then the problem does not occur. Hi, We have recently upgraded to Office 2007. We have a method in which we have an open recordset (DAO). We then call another sub (UpdatingSub below) that executes SQL. This method has its own error handler. If error 3381 is encountered then the recordset in the calling method becomes "unset" and we get error 3420 'Object invalid or no longer set'. Other errors in UpdatingSub do not cause the same problem. This code works fine in Access 2003. Private Sub Whatonearth() Dim rs As dao.Recordset set rs = CurrentDb.OpenRecordset("tblLinkedABC") Debug.Print rs.RecordCount UpdatingSub "ALTER TABLE tblTest DROP Column ColumnNotThere" 'Error 3240 occurs on the below line even though err 3381 is trapped in the calling procedure 'This appears to be because error 3381 is encountered when calling UpdatingSub above Debug.Print rs.RecordCount End Sub Private Sub WhatonearthThatWorks() Dim rs As dao.Recordset set rs = CurrentDb.OpenRecordset("tblLinkedABC") Debug.Print rs.RecordCount 'Change the update to generate a different error UpdatingSub "NONSENSE SQL STATEMENT" 'Error is trapped in UpdatingSub. Next line works fine. Debug.Print rs.RecordCount End Sub Private Sub UpdatingSub(strSQL As String) On Error GoTo ErrHandler: CurrentDb.Execute strSQL ErrHandler: 'LogError' End Sub Any thoughts? We are running Office Access 2007 (12.0.6211.1000) SP1 MSO (12.0.6425.1000). Perhaps see if SP2 can be distributed? Sorry about formatting - not sure how to fix that.

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  • Safe to pass objects to C functions when working in JNI Invocation API?

    - by bubbadoughball
    I am coding up something using the JNI Invocation API. A C program starts up a JVM and makes calls into it. The JNIenv pointer is global to the C file. I have numerous C functions which need to perform the same operation on a given class of jobject. So I wrote helper functions which take a jobject and process it, returning the needed data (a C data type...for example, an int status value). Is it safe to write C helper functions and pass jobjects to them as arguments? i.e. (a simple example - designed to illustrate the question): int getStatusValue(jobject jStatus) { return (*jenv)->CallIntMethod(jenv,jStatus,statusMethod); } int function1() { int status; jobject aObj = (*jenv)->NewObject (jenv, aDefinedClass, aDefinedCtor); jobject j = (*jenv)->CallObjectMethod (jenv, aObj, aDefinedObjGetMethod) status = getStatusValue(j); (*jenv)->DeleteLocalRef(jenv,aObj); (*jenv)->DeleteLocalRef(jenv,j); return status; } Thanks.

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  • How can I pass managed objects from one AppDomain to another?

    - by Dennis P
    I have two assemblies that I'm trying to link together. One is a sort of background process that's built with WinForms and will be designed to run as a Windows Service. I have a second project that will act as a UI for the background process whenever a user launches it. I've never tried attempting something like this with managed code before, so I've started trying to use windows messages to communicate between the two processes. I'm struggling when it comes to passing more than just IntPtrs back and forth, however. Here's the code from a control in my UI project that registers itself with the background process: public void Init() { IntPtr hwnd = IntPtr.Zero; Process[] ps = Process.GetProcessesByName("BGServiceApp"); Process mainProcess = null; if(ps == null || ps.GetLength(0) == 0) { mainProcess = LaunchApp(); } else { mainProcess = ps[0]; } SendMessage(mainProcess.MainWindowHandle, INIT_CONNECTION, this.Handle, IntPtr.Zero); } protected override void WndProc(ref Message m) { if(m.Msg == INIT_CONFIRMED && InitComplete != null) { string message = Marshal.PtrToStringAuto(m.WParam); Marshal.FreeHGlobal(m.WParam); InitComplete(message, EventArgs.Empty); } base.WndProc(ref m); } This is the code from the background process that's supposed to receive a request from the UI process to register for status updates and send a confirmation message. protected override void WndProc(ref Message m) { if(m.Msg == INIT_CONNECTION) { RegisterUIDispatcher(m.WParam); Respond(m.WParam); } if(m.Msg == UNINIT_CONNECTION) { UnregisterUIDispatcher(m.WParam); if(m_RegisteredDispatchers.Count == 0) { this.Close(); } } base.WndProc(ref m); } private void Respond(IntPtr caller) { string test = "Registration confirmed!"; IntPtr ptr = Marshal.StringToHGlobalAuto(test); SendMessage(caller, INIT_CONFIRMED, ptr, IntPtr.Zero); } } The UI process receives the INIT_CONFIRMED message from my background process, but when I try to marshal the IntPtr back into a string, I get an empty string. Is the area of heap I'm using out of scope to the other process or am I missing some security attribute maybe? Is there a better and cleaner way to go about something like this using an event driven model?

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  • How do I read CalDAV objects from Google using python/django?

    - by user60626
    I've looked at vObject, iCalendar and the official list of CalDAV libraries, including 3 in python. However, I can't find any code that can get me an event object from a given CalDAV (i.e. google, exchange, etc.) server using a username/password. Most of the django calendar related code uses native code libraries and not WebDAV. An ideal python CalDAV client example would 1) use a given uid/pw, 2) obtain primary calendar and 3) obtain next appointment information (i.e. subject, location, start, end, etc.) Thanks!

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  • [Python] How can I speed up unpickling large objects if I have plenty of RAM?

    - by conradlee
    It's taking me up to an hour to read a 1-gigabyte NetworkX graph data structure using cPickle (its 1-GB when stored on disk as a binary pickle file). Note that the file quickly loads into memory. In other words, if I run: import cPickle as pickle f = open("bigNetworkXGraph.pickle","rb") binary_data = f.read() # This part doesn't take long graph = pickle.loads(binary_data) # This takes ages How can I speed this last operation up? Note that I have tried pickling the data both in using both binary protocols (1 and 2), and it doesn't seem to make much difference which protocol I use. Also note that although I am using the "loads" (meaning "load string") function above, it is loading binary data, not ascii-data. I have 128gb of RAM on the system I'm using, so I'm hoping that somebody will tell me how to increase some read buffer buried in the pickle implementation.

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  • In Ruby, how can I initialize instance variables in new objects of core classes created from literal

    - by Ollie Saunders
    class Object attr_reader :foo def initialize @foo = 'bar' end end Object.new.foo # => 'bar' ''.foo # => nil //.foo # => nil [].foo # => nil I want them all to return 'bar' Am aware that you can do this already: class Object def foo 'bar' end end But I specifically want to initialize a state variable. Also note that this doesn't work. class String alias_method :old_init, :initialize def initialize(*args) super old_init(*args) end end class Object attr_reader :foo def initialize @foo = 'bar' super end end ''.foo # => nil Nor does this: class String attr_reader :foo def initialize @foo = 'bar' end end ''.instance_variables # => [] I'm beginning to think that this isn't actually possible.

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  • How to include all objects of an archive in a shared object?

    - by Didier Trosset
    When compiling our project, we create several archives (static libraries), say liby.a and libz.a that each contains an object file defining a function y_function() and z_function(). Then, these archives are joined in a shared object, say libyz.so, that is one of our main distributable target. g++ -fPIC -c -o y.o y.cpp ar cr liby.a y.o g++ -fPIC -c -o z.o z.cpp ar cr libz.a z.o g++ -shared -L. -ly -lz -o libyz.so When using this shared object into the example program, say x.c, the link fails because of an undefined references to functions y_function() and z_function(). g++ x.o -L. -lyz -o xyz It works however when I link the final executable directly with the archives (static libraries). g++ x.o -L. -ly -lz -o xyz My guess is that the object files contained in the archives are not linked into the shared library because they are not used in it. How to force inclusion? Edit: Inclusion can be forced using --whole-archive ld option. But if results in compilation errors: g++ -shared '-Wl,--whole-archive' -L. -ly -lz -o libyz.so /usr/lib/libc_nonshared.a(elf-init.oS): In function `__libc_csu_init': (.text+0x1d): undefined reference to `__init_array_end' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/libc_nonshared.a(elf-init.oS): relocation R_X86_64_PC32 against undefined hidden symbol `__init_array_end' can not be used when making a shared object /usr/bin/ld: final link failed: Bad value Any idea where this comes from?

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  • Why do bind1st and bind2nd require constant function objects?

    - by rlbond
    So, I was writing a C++ program which would allow me to take control of the entire world. I was all done writing the final translation unit, but I got an error: error C3848: expression having type 'const `anonymous-namespace'::ElementAccumulator<T,BinaryFunction>' would lose some const-volatile qualifiers in order to call 'void `anonymous-namespace'::ElementAccumulator<T,BinaryFunction>::operator ()(const point::Point &,const int &)' with [ T=SideCounter, BinaryFunction=std::plus<int> ] c:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\functional(324) : while compiling class template member function 'void std::binder2nd<_Fn2>::operator ()(point::Point &) const' with [ _Fn2=`anonymous-namespace'::ElementAccumulator<SideCounter,std::plus<int>> ] c:\users\****\documents\visual studio 2008\projects\TAKE_OVER_THE_WORLD\grid_divider.cpp(361) : see reference to class template instantiation 'std::binder2nd<_Fn2>' being compiled with [ _Fn2=`anonymous-namespace'::ElementAccumulator<SideCounter,std::plus<int>> ] I looked in the specifications of binder2nd and there it was: it took a const AdaptibleBinaryFunction. So, not a big deal, I thought. I just used boost::bind instead, right? Wrong! Now my take-over-the-world program takes too long to compile (bind is used inside a template which is instantiated quite a lot)! At this rate, my nemesis is going to take over the world first! I can't let that happen -- he uses Java! So can someone tell me why this design decision was made? It seems like an odd decision. I guess I'll have to make some of the elements of my class mutable for now...

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  • How do I initialize attributes when I instantiate objects in Rails?

    - by nfm
    Clients have many Invoices. Invoices have a number attribute that I want to initialize by incrementing the client's previous invoice number. For example: @client = Client.find(1) @client.last_invoice_number > 14 @invoice = @client.invoices.build @invoice.number > 15 I want to get this functionality into my Invoice model, but I'm not sure how to. Here's what I'm imagining the code to be like: class Invoice < ActiveRecord::Base ... def initialize(attributes = {}) client = Client.find(attributes[:client_id]) attributes[:number] = client.last_invoice_number + 1 client.update_attributes(:last_invoice_number => client.last_invoice_number + 1) end end However, attributes[:client_id] isn't set when I call @client.invoices.build. How and when is the invoice's client_id initialized, and when can I use it to initialize the invoice's number? Can I get this logic into the model, or will I have to put it in the controller?

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  • Trying to put a generic MyObj<T, U> into an IList where U can be different between objects

    - by Sergio Romero
    I have the following class definition: public interface IItem{} public class FirstObject<T, U> : IItem { public U SomeProperty { get; private set; } } IList<IItem> myList = new List<IItem>(); I did it like this because U can be of different types. Now I want to iterate the list and get my items back, the problem is that I do not know how to cast them back to their original type so I can read the value of SomeProperty. Thanks for your help.

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