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  • Learning to implement dynamic language compiler

    - by TriArc
    I'm interested in learning how to create a compiler for a dynamic language. Most compiler books, college courses and articles/tutorials I've come across are specifically for statically typed languages. I've thought of a few ways to do it, but I'd like to know how it's usually done. I know type inferencing is a pretty common strategy, but what about others? Where can I find out more about how to create a dynamically typed language?

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  • Is there value in having technical authors in a software team?

    - by Desolate Planet
    During my 5 years in IT as a software developer, I've noticed that developers have a strong distaste towards doing any documentation. The act of taking screenshots and creating documentation seems to be a painful and time consuming experience. In one company I worked for, we had a technical documentation team with two technical authors and they developed all the user guides for our customers. In other companies where I've suggested hiring a technical author, I've been told they are not worth the money, but I'm a little unsure if that rings true. Is it better to have developers stop coding and take half a day to do screenshots and create the various guides or is it worth hiring someone who handles such tasks?

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  • Why write clean, refactored code?

    - by Shamal Karunarathne
    Hi programming lovers, This is a question I've been asking myself for a long time. Thought of throwing out it to you. From my experience of working on several Java based projects, I've seen tons of codes which we call 'dirty'. The unconventional class/method/field naming, wrong way of handling of exceptions, unnecessarily heavy loops and recursion etc. But the code gives the intended results. Though I hate to see dirty code, it's time taking to clean them up and eventually comes the question of "is it worth? it's giving the desired results so what's the point of cleaning?" In team projects, should there be someone specifically to refactor and check for clean code? Or are there situations where the 'dirty' codes fail to give intended results or make the customers unhappy? Do feel free to comment and reply. And tell me if I'm missing something here. Thanks.

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  • Is there a good book to grok C++?

    - by Paperflyer
    This question got me thinking. I would say I am a pretty experienced C++ programmer. I use it a lot at work, I had some courses on it at the university, I can understand most C++ code I find out there without problems. Other languages you can pretty much learn by using them. But every time I use a new C++ library or check out some new C++ code by someone I did not know before, I discover a new set of idioms C++ has to offer. Basically, this has lead me to believe that there is a lot of stuff in C++ that might be worth knowing but that is not easily discoverable. So, is there a good book for a somewhat experienced C++ programmer to step up the game? You know, to kind of 'get' that language the way you can 'get' Ruby or Objective-C, where everything just suddenly makes sense and you start instinctively knowing 'that C++ way of thing'?

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  • Index independent character comparison within text blocks

    - by Michael IV
    I have the following task: developing a program where there is a block of sample text which should be typed by user. Any typos the user does during the test are registered. Basically, I can compare each typed char with the sample char based on caret index position of the input, but there is one significant flaw in such a "naive" approach. If the user typed mistakenly more letters than a whole string has, or inserted more white spaces between the string than should be, then the rest of the comparisons will be wrong because of the index offsets added by the additional wrong insertions. I have thought of designing some kind of parser where each string (or even a char ) is tokenized and the comparisons are made "char-wise" and not "index-wise," but that seems to me like an overkill for such a task. I would like to get a reference to possibly existing algorithms which can be helpful in solving this kind of problem.

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  • What is a good stopword in full text indexation?

    - by Benoit
    When you go to the Appendix D in Oracle Text Reference they provide lists of stopwords used by Oracle Text when indexing table contents. When I see the English list, nothing puzzles me. But the reason why the French list includes moyennant (French for in view of which) for example is unclear. Oracle has probably thought it through more than once before including it. How would you constitute a list of appropriate stopwords if you were to design an indexer?

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  • How to write a product definition?

    - by Skarab
    I would like to learn how to write a software product definition. Therefore I am looking for online materials or books, which would help me to learn more about this topic. I would like to learn: what must be in what must not to be in how to make a product definition to sell internally the product finding balance between use case descriptions (the why), and feature descriptions (the how). ... I am aware that it is not something that can learn in 15 minutes but I think such a discussion could help me to have a good start.

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  • What relationship do software Scrum or Lean have to industrial engineering concepts like theory of constraints?

    - by DeveloperDon
    In Scrum, work is delivered to customers through a series of sprints in which project work is time boxed to a fixed number of days or weeks, usually 30 days. In lean software development, the goal is to deliver as soon as possible, permitting early feedback for the next iteration. Both techniques stress the importance of workflow in which software work product does not accumulate in development awaiting release at some future date. Both permit new or refined requirements and feedback from QA and customers to be acted on with as little delay as possible based on priority. A few years ago I heard a lecture where the speaker talked briefly about a family of concepts from industrial engineering called theory of constraints. In the factory, they use an operations model based on three components: drum, buffer, and rope. The drum synchronizes work product as it flows through the system. Buffers that protect the system by holding output from one stage as it waits to be consumed by the next. The rope pulls product from one work station to the next. Historically, are these ideas part of the heritage of Scrum and Lean, or are they on a separate track? It we wanted to think about Scrum and Lean in terms of drum-buffer-rope, what are the parts? Drum = {daily scrum meeting, monthly release)? Buffer = {burn down list, source control system)? Rope = { daily meeting, constant integration server, monthly releases}? Industrial engineers define work flow in terms of different kinds of factories. I-Factories: straight pipeline. One input, one output. A-Factories: many inputs and one output. V-Factories: one input, many output products. T-Plants: many inputs, many outputs. If it applies, what kind of factory is most like Scrum or Lean and why?

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  • Liskov substitution and abstract classes / strategy pattern

    - by Kolyunya
    I'm trying to follow LSP in practical programming. And I wonder if different constructors of subclasses violate it. It would be great to hear an explanation instead of just yes/no. Thanks much! P.S. If the answer is no, how do I make different strategies with different input without violating LSP? class IStrategy { public: virtual void use() = 0; }; class FooStrategy : public IStrategy { public: FooStrategy(A a, B b) { c = /* some operations with a, b */ } virtual void use() { std::cout << c; } private: C c; }; class BarStrategy : public IStrategy { public: BarStrategy(D d, E e) { f = /* some operations with d, e */ } virtual void use() { std::cout << f; } private: F f; };

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  • Daylight saving time: Annoying and pointless [closed]

    - by polemon
    Daylight saving time is a big annoyance for me. Not just from the standpoint, that I never know when we set our clocks an hour ahead or an hour back. Setting the clock ahead or back disturbs my time organization, and is responsible for my bad mood around that day. From the standpoint of a programmer, it's no less annoying. you always have to check whether it isn't "that date" in the year, when you have to work with local time. I hear people have the same views on this that I have. also, I don't see any benefits from it. The supposedly added "extra hour" of sunlight; I don't feel that. In case you live in a region where daylight savings is observed (like in Germany, where I live), please tell me how you manage the annoyances that come with it, and (if possible) how to get rid of it, once and for all...

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  • Materialized View vs POJO View based on Objects representing Oracle tables

    - by Zack Macomber
    I have about 12 Oracle tables that represent data that's being integrated from an external system into my web application. This data is going to be used in an informational and comparative manner for the clients using my web application. On one particular page of my web application, I need to combine data from 3 - 5 Oracle tables for display as an HTML table on the page. We are NOT currently using a framework (Apache Struts for instance) and we're not in a position to move this Java web application into one at this moment (I'm trying to get us there...). I am certainly not an architect, but I see one of two ways that I can effectively build this page (I know there are other ways, but these seem like they would be good ones...): 1. Create an Oracle Materialized View that represents what the HTML table should look like and then create a POJO based on the View that I can then integrate into my JSP. 2. Create POJOs that represent the Oracle tables themselves and then create another POJO that is the View used for the HTML table and then integrate that POJO into my JSP. To me, it seems the Materialized View would possibly offer quicker results which is always what we strive for in web applications. But, if I just create 12 POJOs that represent the Oracle tables and then build POJO Views off of those, I have the advantage of keeping all the code in one place for this and possibility for creating any number of different views and reusable components in my web application. Any thoughts on which one might be the better route? Or, maybe you know of an even better one?

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  • Introducing Agile development after traditional project inception

    - by Riggy
    About a year and a half ago, I entered a workplace that claimed to do Agile development. What I learned was that this place has adopted several agile practices (such as daily standups, sprint plannings and sprint reviews) but none of the principles (just in time / just good enough mentality, exposing failure early, rich communication). I've now been tasked with making the team more agile and I've been assured that I have complete buy-in from the devs and the business team. As a pilot program, they've given me a project that just completed 15 months of requirements gathering, has a 110 page Analysis & Design document (to be considered as "written in stone"), and where I have no access to the end users (only to the committee made up of the users' managers who won't actually be using the product). I started small, giving them a list of expected deliverables for the first 5 sprints (leaving the future sprints undefined), a list of goals for the first sprint, and I dissected the A&D doc to get enough user stories to meet the first sprint's goals. Since then, they've asked why we don't have all the requirements for all the sprints, why I haven't started working on stuff for the third sprint (which they consider more important but is based off of the deliverables of the first 2 sprints) and are pressing for even more documentation that my entire IT team considers busy-work or un-related to us (such as writing the user manual up-front, documenting all the data fields from all the sprints up front, and more "up-front" work). This has been pretty rough for me as a new project manager, but there are improvements I have effectively implemented such as scrumban for story management, pair programming, and having the business give us customer acceptance tests up front (as part of the requirements documentation). So my questions are: What can I do to more effectively introduce change to a resistant business? Are there other practices that I can introduce on the IT side to help show the business the benefits of agile? The burden of documentation is strangling us - the business still sees it as a risk management strategy instead of as a risk. What can we do to alleviate their documentation concerns and demands (specifically the quantity of documentation and their need for all of it up front)? We are in a separate building from our business, about 3 blocks away and they refuse to have their people on the project co-habitate b/c that person "won't be able to work on their other projects while they're at our building." They expect us to always go over there and to bundle our questions so that we can ask them all at once and not waste that person's time with "constant interruptions." What can we do to get richer communication from them? Any additional advice would also be appreciated. Thanks!

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  • Elo system behaves oddly in program I've created

    - by adc
    Alright, so I'm looking to build a small program (C# and XAML) that, essentially, does this: Generate array of players. Each player has a current rating and a true rating. I set current rating to 1200 as a starting point right now; I've also tried setting it to true rating and the average of the two. True rating is what their skill level actually is. Their true rating is calculated based on percentages from the current League of Legends rating system; generating an array of 970 thousand generates results very similar to the data from here: (removed due to URL limit - but trust me, the results are very similar). This array is of length specified by the user. If need be, sort the array from smallest to largest. Play X number of games, again specified by the user. This is done by taking the array of players (which is sorted by Current Rating after being created) and running through it in groups of 10. The first five are on team one, the second five are on team two. It then takes the True Rating of these players and calculates an expected chance to win using the Elo system. It generates a random double and compares it to the expected chance to win; if the number is lower, team one wins - otherwise team two wins. I then update the rating of the players via, again, the Elo system - giving the winning team a score of 1 and the losing team a score of 0. I use a K value of 36 (but have tried 12, 24, and even higher ones) and an F value of 400. After going through the entire loop of players (which I have conveniently forced to be a multiple of ten), it sorts the array - again via current rating. This, if my understanding of the Elo system is correct, runs properly. However, it doesn't seem to work. I have a running test telling me how many players of the full array are within 100 current rating of their true rating. I would expect some portion of the population to be outside this range (as probability is not always going to go in their favor), but a full 40-45% of the population is outside of this range. I also have it outputting the maximum difference between true and current rating - and I have never seen this drop below 500! It hovers between 550-600, occasionally going over or under. I'm at a loss as to what to change - I've fiddled with the K and F values, where I start all the players, etc. but nothing changes the fact that eventually a good 40% of the population is outside the range. And it isn't that I have it playing too few games - it's now run through over 60 thousand games and the problem never disappears or really fluctuates. The full C# code, including everything except the XAML file and the Player class (pastebin is being very slow and I can only post two links, so I can't link to the XAML file): http://pastebin.com/rFcZRL84 The Player class: http://pastebin.com/4cJTdTRu I guess my question is did I do anything wrong? Is there a problem with the way I implemented the system, or is it just that Riot uses a significantly modified Elo system? I don't think it's the latter, as that still wouldn't explain the massive true and current rating differences to me, however.

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  • Compiled code spreadsheet-like cell management? (auto-updating)

    - by proGrammar
    Okay so I am fully aware how spreadsheets manage cells, they build dependency graphs where when one cell changes it tells all the other cells that are dependent on it that it changed. So they can from there update. How they update I think involves either re-evaluating the formulas stored as strings, or re-evaluating the abstract syntax tree which I think is stored differently and might be faster. Something like that. What I'm looking to do is manage a few variables in my code so I don't have to update them in the correct way, which would be a nightmare. But I also want it much faster than spreadsheets. And since I'm not looking for any functionality as great as are in these spreadsheets, I just figured from that thought point that there has to be a way to have a very fast implementation of this functionality. Especially since I don't have to modify cells after compiling unless that would be an option. I'm very new to programming so I have no idea. One example might be to have a code-generator that generates code that does this for me. But I have no clue what the generated code would look like. Specifically, how exactly would variables inform others that they need to update, and what do those variables do to update? I'm looking for any kind of ideas. Programming is not my job but nonetheless I was hoping to have some kind of system like this that would greatly help me with some stuff. Of course I have been programming plenty lately so I can still program. I just don't have the full scope on things. I'm looking for any kind of ideas, thank you very much in advance! Also, please help me with the tags. I know C# and Java mainly and I'm hoping to implement this in either of those languages and I'm hoping this can stay in those tags. Forcing this into some kind of spreadsheet tag wouldn't be accurate.

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  • Solutions for Project management [closed]

    - by user14416
    The team consists of 3 people. The method of development is Scrum. The language of the project is C++. The project will be under the control of the git system. The start up budget is 0. The following things have to be chosen: Build and Version Numbering Project documentation ( file with the most common info for current stage of the project, which will be changed every time the new version or subversion of the project emerges ) Project management tool ( like Trac or Redmine, I cannot use them, because there is no hosting ) Code documentation ( I consider Doxygen ) The following questions have arisen: What can you add to the above list of the main solutions for project management in the described project? One of three project participants has linux os (No MS Office), one has Windows and MS Office (does not want to use Libre or Open Office), one has Windows, but does not have MS Office. What formats, tools can u suggest using for project documentation? The variant of using online wiki does not fit, it must be files. OneNote mb is a good tool for project management, but because of the reason mentioned above it is not possible. What can you advise? Offer a system for Build and Version Numbering.

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  • Alternate method to dependent, nested if statements to check multiple states

    - by octopusgrabbus
    Is there an easier way to process multiple true/false states than using nested if statements? I think there is, and it would be to create a sequence of states, and then use a function like when to determine if all states were true, and drop out if not. I am asking the question to make sure there is not a preferred Clojure way to do this. Here is the background of my problem: I have an application that depends on quite a few input files. The application depends on .csv data reports; column headers for each report (.csv files also), so each sequence in the sequence of sequences can be zipped together with its columns for the purposes of creating a smaller sequence; and column files for output data. I use the following functions to find out if a file is present: (defn kind [filename] (let [f (File. filename)] (cond (.isFile f) "file" (.isDirectory f) "directory" (.exists f) "other" :else "(cannot be found)" ))) (defn look-for [filename expected-type] (let [find-status (kind-stat filename expected-type)] find-status)) And here are the first few lines of a multiple if which looks ugly and is hard to maintain: (defn extract-re-values "Plain old-fashioned sub-routine to process real-estate values / 3rd Q re bills extract." [opts] (if (= (utl/look-for (:ifm1 opts) "f") 0) ; got re columns? (if (= (utl/look-for (:ifn1 opts) "f") 0) ; got re data? (if (= (utl/look-for (:ifm3 opts) "f") 0) ; got re values output columns? (if (= (utl/look-for (:ifm4 opts) "f") 0) ; got re_mixed_use_ratio columns? (let [re-in-col-nams (first (utl/fetch-csv-data (:ifm1 opts))) re-in-data (utl/fetch-csv-data (:ifn1 opts)) re-val-cols-out (first (utl/fetch-csv-data (:ifm3 opts))) mu-val-cols-out (first (utl/fetch-csv-data (:ifm4 opts))) chk-results (utl/chk-seq-len re-in-col-nams (first re-in-data) re-rec-count)] I am not looking for a discussion of the best way, but what is in Clojure that facilitates solving a problem like this.

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  • Is Query Performance different for different versions of SQL Server?

    - by Ronak Mathia
    I have fired 3 update queries in my stored procedure for 3 different tables. Each table contains almost 2,00,000 records and all records have to be updated. I am using indexing to speed up the performance. It quite working well with SQL Server 2008. stored procedure takes only 12 to 15 minutes to execute. (updates almost 1000 rows in 1 second in all three tables) But when I run same scenario with SQL Server 2008 R2 then stored procedure takes more time to complete execution. its about 55 to 60 minutes. (updates almost 100 rows in 1 second in all three tables). I couldn't find any reason or solution for that. I have also tested same scenario with SQL Server 2012. but result is same as above. Please give suggestions.

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  • Best practice with pyGTK and Builder XML files

    - by Phoenix87
    I usually design GUI with Glade, thus producing a series of Builder XML files (one such file for each application window). Now my idea is to define a class, e.g. MainWindow, that inherits from gtk.Window and that implements all the signal handlers for the application main window. The problem is that when I retrieve the main window from the containing XML file, it is returned as a gtk.Window instance. The solution I have adopted so far is the following: I have defined a class "Window" in the following way class Window(): def __init__(self, win_name): builder = gtk.Builder() self.builder = builder builder.add_from_file("%s.glade" % win_name) self.window = builder.get_object(win_name) builder.connect_signals(self) def run(self): return self.window.run() def show_all(self): return self.window.show_all() def destroy(self): return self.window.destroy() def child(self, name): return self.builder.get_object(name) In the actual application code I have then defined a new class, say MainWindow, that inherits frow Window, and that looks like class Main(Window): def __init__(self): Window.__init__(self, "main") ### Signal handlers ##################################################### def on_mnu_file_quit_activated(self, widget, data = None): ... The string "main" refers to the main window, called "main", which resides into the XML Builder file "main.glade" (this is a sort of convention I decided to adopt). So the question is: how can I inherit from gtk.Window directly, by defining, say, the class Foo(gtk.Window), and recast the return value of builder.get_object(win_name) to Foo?

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  • Rationale behind freeware projects

    - by VexXtreme
    I've seen some freeware projects in the past where the author(s) invested a significant amount of their personal time and resources and never even considered charging for the software. A lot of these projects were donation based, and from what I've heard, donationware can never be a viable business model (even to simply support development costs) because most people choose not to donate if given an option. A lot of these projects eventually shut down because their authors could not sustain them further. Granted, some people simply like making the community happy (or something), but if you're struggling to keep your project alive, why not charge some small amount such as $10 simply to stay operational? If people find your software useful (and a lot of people found those projects VERY useful) they won't have a problem paying such a small amount. The question is: if you have a popular app that people like and download in great numbers, why not put a price tag on it? Why do it for free?

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  • Are there any examples of a temporal field/object updater?

    - by Bryan Agee
    The system in question has numerous examples of temporal objects and fields--ones which are a certain variable at a certain point in time. An example of this would be someone's rate of pay--there are different answers depending on when you ask and what the constraints might be; eg, can there ever be more than one of a certain temporal object concurrently, etc. Ideally, there would be an object that handles those constraints when a new state/stateful object is introduced; when a new value is set, it would prevent creating negative ranges and overlaps. Martin Fowler has written some great material on this (such as this description of Temporal Objects) , but what I've found of it tends to be entirely theoretic, with no concrete implementations. PHP is the target language, but examples in any language would be most helpful.

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  • When not to use Spring to instantiate a bean?

    - by Rishabh
    I am trying to understand what would be the correct usage of Spring. Not syntactically, but in term of its purpose. If one is using Spring, then should Spring code replace all bean instantiation code? When to use or when not to use Spring, to instantiate a bean? May be the following code sample will help in you understanding my dilemma: List<ClassA> caList = new ArrayList<ClassA>(); for (String name : nameList) { ClassA ca = new ClassA(); ca.setName(name); caList.add(ca); } If I configure Spring it becomes something like: List<ClassA> caList = new ArrayList<ClassA>(); for (String name : nameList) { ClassA ca = (ClassA)SomeContext.getBean(BeanLookupConstants.CLASS_A); ca.setName(name); caList.add(ca); } I personally think using Spring here is an unnecessary overhead, because The code the simpler to read/understand. It isn't really a good place for Dependency Injection as I am not expecting that there will be multiple/varied implementation of ClassA, that I would like freedom to replace using Spring configuration at a later point in time. Am I thinking correct? If not, where am I going wrong?

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  • Where do service implementations fit into the Microsoft Application Architecture guidelines?

    - by tuespetre
    The guidelines discuss the service layer with its service interfaces and data/message/fault contracts. They also discuss the business layer with its logic/workflow components and entities as well as the 'optional' application facade. What is unclear still to me after studying this guide is where the implementations of the service interfaces belong. Does the application facade in the business layer implement these interfaces, or does a separate 'service facade' exist to make calls to the business layer and it's facade/raw components? (With the former, there would be less seemingly trivial calls to yet another layer, though with the latter I could see how the service layer could remove the concerns of translating business entities to data contracts from the business layer.)

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  • What tools are available for remote communication when working from home or with a distributed team?

    - by Ryan Hayes
    My supervisor is allowing my team to dip our toes in the water of working from home. Considering a recent aquisition of another company is requiring some employees to love this new idea which will hack up to an hour off their commute into work every morning, I really want this to succeed. In order to make it a success, we need good tools to make our lives a lot easier. We currently are set up with OpenVPN, and Team Foundation Server 2010 with SharePoint 2010, and use Live Messenger (for SharePoint integration and easier remote desktop) for IM. These are just what we use (and they are currently working well) , but you can suggest other products. So, what are some great tools that will helps us collaborate, communicate, and generally work together when we're hours apart?

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  • How to structure a set of RESTful URLs

    - by meetamit
    Kind of a REST lightweight here... Wondering which url scheme is more appropriate for a stock market data app (BTW, all queries will be GETs as the client doesn't modify data): Scheme 1 examples: /stocks/ABC/news /indexes/XYZ/news /stocks/ABC/time_series/daily /stocks/ABC/time_series/weekly /groups/ABC/time_series/daily /groups/ABC/time_series/weekly Scheme 2 examples: /news/stock/ABC /news/index/XYZ /time_series/stock/ABC/daily /time_series/stock/ABC/weekly /time_series/index/XYZ/daily /time_series/index/XYZ/weekly Scheme 3 examples: /news/stock/ABC /news/index/XYZ /time_series/daily/stock/ABC /time_series/weekly/stock/ABC /time_series/daily/index/XYZ /time_series/weekly/index/XYZ Scheme 4: Something else??? The point is that for any data being requested, the url needs to encapsulate whether an item is a Stock or an Index. And, with all the RESTful talk about resources I'm confused about whether my primary resource is the stock & index or the time_series & news. Sorry if this is a silly question :/ Thanks!

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  • I have a stacktrace and limit of 250 characters for a bug report

    - by George Duckett
    I'm developing an xbox indie game and as a last-resort I have a try...catch encompassing everything. At this point if an exception is raised I can get the user to send me a message through the xbox however the limit is 250 characters. How can I get the most value out of my 250 characters? I don't want to do any encoding / compressing at least initially. Any solution to this problem could be compressed if needed as a second step anyway. I'm thinking of doing things like turning this: at EasyStorage.SaveDevice.VerifyIsReady() at EasyStorage.SaveDevice.Save(String containerName, String fileName) into this (drop the repeated namespace/class and method parameter names): at EasyStorage.SaveDevice.VerifyIsReady() at ..Save(String, String) Or maybe even just including the inner-most method, then only line numbers up the stack etc. TL;DR: Given an exception with a stacktrace how would you get the most useful debugging infromation out of 250 characters? (It will be a .net exception/stacktrace)

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