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  • Why not have a High Level Language based OS? Are Low Level Languages more efficient?

    - by rtindru
    Without being presumptuous, I would like you to consider the possibility of this. Most OS today are based on pretty low level languages (mainly C/C++) Even the new ones such as Android uses JNI & underlying implementation is in C In fact, (this is a personal observation) many programs written in C run a lot faster than their high level counterparts (eg: Transmission (a bittorrent client on Ubuntu) is a whole lot faster than Vuze(Java) or Deluge(Python)). Even python compilers are written in C, although PyPy is an exception. So is there a particular reason for this? Why is it that all our so called "High Level Languages" with the great "OOP" concepts can't be used in making a solid OS? So I have 2 questions basically. Why are applications written in low level languages more efficient than their HLL counterparts? Do low level languages perform better for the simple reason that they are low level and are translated to machine code easier? Why do we not have a full fledged OS based entirely on a High Level Language?

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  • How do you demo software with No UI in the Sprint Review?

    - by Jeff Martin
    We are doing agile software development, basically following Scrum. We are trying to do sprint reviews but finding it difficult. Our software is doing a lot of data processing and the stories often are about changing various rules around this. What are some options for demoing the changes that occurred in the sprint when there isn't a UI or visible workflow change, but instead the change is a subtle business rule on a processing job that can take 10s of minutes or even a couple of hours?

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  • What to do when the programming activity becomes a problem?

    - by gablin
    I once saw a program (can't remember which) where it talked about people "experiencing flow" when they are doing something they are passionate about. When "in flow", they tend to lose track of time and surrounding, concentrating only on their activity at hand. This happens a lot for me when I program; most particularly when I face a problem. I refuse to give up until it's solved. This usually leads to hours just rushing by and I forget to eat lunch, dinner gets pushed into far into the evening, and when I finally look at the clock, it's way into the wee-hours of the night and I will only get a few hours of sleep before having to rise early in the morning. (This is not to say that I'm in flow only when facing a problem - but I find it particularly hard to stop programming and step back when there's something I can't solve immediately.) I love programming, but I hate it when it disrupts my normal routines (most importantly eating and sleeping patterns). And sitting still for so many hours, staring a screen, is not healthy. Please, any ideas on how I can get my rampant programming activity under control?

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  • Changes in Language Punctuation [closed]

    - by Wes Miller
    More social curiosity than actual programming question... (I got shot for posting this on Stack Overflow. They sent me here. At least i hope here is where they meant.) Based on the few responses I got before the content police ran me off Stack Overflow, I should note that I am legally blind and neatness and consistency in programming are my best friends. A thousand years ago when I took my first programming class (Fortran 66) and a mere 500 years ago when I tokk my first C and C++ classes, there were some pretty standard punctuation practices across languages. I saw them in Basic (shudder), PL/1, PL/AS, Rexx even Pascal. Ok, APL2 is not part of this discussion. Each language has its own peculiar punctuation. Pascal's periods, Fortran's comma separated do loops, almost everybody else's semicolons. As I learned it, each language also has KEYWORDS (if, for, do, while, until, etc.) which are set off by whitespace (or the left margin) if, etc. Each language has function, subroutines of whatever they're called. Some built-in some user coded. They were set off by function_name( parameters );. As in sqrt( x ) or rand( y ); Lately, there seems to be a new set of punctuation rules. Especially in c++ where initializers get glued onto the end of variable declarations int x(0); or auto_ptr p(new gizmo); This usually, briefly fools me into thinking someone is declaring a function prototype or using a function as a integer. Then "if" and 'for' seems to have grown parens; if(true) for(;;), etc. Since when did keywords become functions. I realize some people think they ARE functions with iterators as parameters. But if "for" is a function, where did the arg separating commas go? And finally, functions seem to have shed their parens; sqrt (2) select (...) I know, I koow, loosening whitespace rules is good. Keep reading. Question: when did the old ways disappear and this new way come into vogue? Does anyone besides me find it irritating to read and that the information that the placement of punctuation used to convey is gone? I know full well that K&R put the { at the end of the "if" or "for" to save a byte here and there. Can't use that excuse here. Space as an excuse for loss of readability died as HDD space soared past 100 MiB. Your thoughts are solicited. If there is a good reason to do this, I'll gladly learn it and maybe in another 50 years I'll get used to it. Of course it's good that compilers recognize these (IMHO) typos and keep right on going, but just because you CAN code it that way doesn't mean you HAVE to, right?

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  • Design pattern for an automated mechanical test bench

    - by JJS
    Background I have a test fixture with a number of communication/data acquisition devices on it that is used as an end of line test for a product. Because of all the various sensors used in the bench and the need to run the test procedure in near real-time, I'm having a hard time structuring the program to be more friendly to modify later on. For example, a National Instruments USB data acquisition device is used to control an analog output (load) and monitor an analog input (current), a digital scale with a serial data interface measures position, an air pressure gauge with a different serial data interface, and the product is interfaced through a proprietary DLL that handles its own serial communication. The hard part The "real-time" aspect of the program is my biggest tripping point. For example, I need to time how long the product needs to go from position 0 to position 10,000 to the tenth of a second. While it's traveling, I need to ramp up an output of the NI DAQ when it reaches position 6,000 and ramp it down when it reaches position 8,000. This sort of control looks easy from browsing NI's LabVIEW docs but I'm stuck with C# for now. All external communication is done by polling which makes for lots of annoying loops. I've slapped together a loose Producer Consumer model where the Producer thread loops through reading the sensors and sets the outputs. The Consumer thread executes functions containing timed loops that poll the Producer for current data and execute movement commands as required. The UI thread polls both threads for updating some gauges indicating current test progress. Unsure where to start Is there a more appropriate pattern for this type of application? Are there any good resources for writing control loops in software (non-LabVIEW) that interface with external sensors and whatnot?

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  • Design for future changes or solve the problem at hand.

    - by Naveen
    While writing the code or during design do you try to generalize the problem at the first instance itself or try to solve that very specific problem. I am asking this because, trying to generalize the problem tends to complicate the things (which may not be necessary) and on the otherhand it will be very difficult to extend the specific solution if there is a change in the requirement. I guess the solution is to find the middle path which is easier said than done. How do you tackle this type of problem ? If you start generalizing it at what point of time you know that this much of generalization is sufficient ?

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  • What is the relationship between the business logic layer and the data access layer?

    - by Matt Fenwick
    I'm working on an MVC-ish app (I'm not very experienced with MVC, hence the "-ish"). My model and data access layer are hard to test because they're very tightly coupled, so I'm trying to uncouple them. What is the nature of the relationship between them? Should just the model know about the DAL? Should just the DAL know about the model? Or should both the model and the DAL be listeners of the other? In my specific case, it's: a web application the model is client-side (javascript) the data is accessed from the back-end using Ajax persistence/back-end is currently PHP/MySQL, but may have to switch to Python/GoogleDataStore on the GAE

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  • Forking project on Github process

    - by Mike Wills
    There is a project on Github that I mostly like and want to use. There are a few things I want to do differently/remove that doesn't make sense for what I want/need. Also I want to add a few things as well. As I understand it, I should fork the project and I can make whatever changes I want and push back to my fork. From there, I also want to occasionally pull into my fork the changes from the original project so I get the latest bug fixes/features. Am I off-base of how I think it should work? How would bring in the changes from the original project?

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  • How do you version/track changes to SQL tables?

    - by gabe.
    When working in a team of developers, where everyone is making changes to local tables, and development tables, how do you keep all the changes in sync? A central log file where everyone keeps their sql changes? A wiki page to track alter table statements, individual .sql files that the devs can run to bring their local db's to the latest version? I've used some of these solutions, and I'm tyring to get a good solid solution together that works, so I'd appreciate your ideas.

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  • Microsoft Interview Attire

    - by Michael
    Hi all, I have an interview with Microsoft in a week and am wondering what to wear. The recruiter said Business Casual but that means very little to me. I'm sure some people here have already had interviews at MS. Anyone care to share what the interviewers were wearing? Would I be out of place with jeans and a polo shirt? Honestly, I feel more comfortable with casual clothes (some people are the opposite) but I don't want to look under dressed either. Thanks for the tips.

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  • Validating data to nest if or not within try and catch

    - by Skippy
    I am validating data, in this case I want one of three ints. I am asking this question, as it is the fundamental principle I'm interested in. This is a basic example, but I am developing best practices now, so when things become more complicated later, I am better equipped to manage them. Is it preferable to have the try and catch followed by the condition: public static int getProcType() { try { procType = getIntInput("Enter procedure type -\n" + " 1 for Exploratory,\n" + " 2 for Reconstructive, \n" + "3 for Follow up: \n"); } catch (NumberFormatException ex) { System.out.println("Error! Enter a valid option!"); getProcType(); } if (procType == 1 || procType == 2 || procType == 3) { hrlyRate = hrlyRate(procType); procedure = procedure(procType); } else { System.out.println("Error! Enter a valid option!"); getProcType(); } return procType; } Or is it better to put the if within the try and catch? public static int getProcType() { try { procType = getIntInput("Enter procedure type -\n" + " 1 for Exploratory,\n" + " 2 for Reconstructive, \n" + "3 for Follow up: \n"); if (procType == 1 || procType == 2 || procType == 3) { hrlyRate = hrlyRate(procType); procedure = procedure(procType); } else { System.out.println("Error! Enter a valid option!"); getProcType(); } } catch (NumberFormatException ex) { System.out.println("Error! Enter a valid option!"); getProcType(); } return procType; } I am thinking the if within the try, may be quicker, but also may be clumsy. Which would be better, as my programming becomes more advanced?

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  • Best C# and SQL server reporting tool [closed]

    - by user65439
    What is the best reporting tool to use with C# applications? I have been playing around with Pentaho (a Java based reporting tool) but would prefer to work with something that integrate better with my c# and SQL server. The reporting requirements are extensive and I need a tool that can generate graphs etc. and can be called from within my c# code to automate and email these reports. Perhaps the people that is more experienced with report generation can help me out with some of the better applications used with C#

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  • Help in (re)designing my Swing application

    - by Harihar Das
    I have developed a Swing application that controls execution of several script like jobs. I need to display the interim output of the jobs concurrently. I have followed MVC while writing the application. The application is working as expected. But off late I have the following requirements in hand: A few of the script jobs need special user privileges to execute so as to access specialized resources. There seems to be now way in Java to impersonate as a different user while running an application.[examined in this question]. Also trying to run the Swing application as a scheduled task in windows is not helping. Once started the jobs should be running even if the user logs off after starting the jobs. I am thinking of separating the execution logic from the UI and run that as a service; and introduce JMS in between the two layers so as to store/retrieve the interim the output. Note: I need to run this application on windows Any ideas on meeting my requirements will be highly appreciated.

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  • C Programming matrix

    - by Bilal Khan
    In this program the user enters the # of columns of the matrix and then the entries of the matrix. So, for example, if the user enters 2 for column # and 1 2 3 4 for entries then the program develops a 2 by 2 matrix with 1 2 3 4 as entries. My program works perfectly in such a case. However, if the user for example had only entered 1 2 3 then my program makes a matrix with garbage values. I would like the program in such a case to exit the program. It is a simple question, but it has me baffled. #include<stdio.h> #include<stdlib.h> int main() { int m,x, n, c = 0, d,k, matrix[10][10], transpose[10][10], product[10][10]; printf("Enter the number of columns of matrix "); scanf("%d",&m); if(m<=0){ printf("You entered a invalid value."); exit(0); } else{ printf("Enter the elements of matrix \n"); for( c = 0 ; c < 10 ; c++ ) { for( d = 0 ; d < m ; d++ ) { scanf("%d",&matrix[c][d]); if (matrix[c][d] == 99) // 'x' is character variable I declared to use as a break break; // c = c+1; } if (matrix[c][d] == 99) break; } } printf("\nHere is your matrix:\n"); int i; for(i=0;i<c;i++) { for(d=0;d<m;d++) { printf("%3d ",matrix[i][d]); } printf("\n"); }

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  • GSL Uniform Random Number Generator

    - by Jamaia
    I want to use GSL's uniform random number generator. On their website, they include this sample code: #include <stdio.h> #include <gsl/gsl_rng.h> int main (void) { const gsl_rng_type * T; gsl_rng * r; int i, n = 10; gsl_rng_env_setup(); T = gsl_rng_default; r = gsl_rng_alloc (T); for (i = 0; i < n; i++) { double u = gsl_rng_uniform (r); printf ("%.5f\n", u); } gsl_rng_free (r); return 0; } However, this does not rely on any seed and so, the same random numbers will be produced each time. They also specify the following: The generator itself can be changed using the environment variable GSL_RNG_TYPE. Here is the output of the program using a seed value of 123 and the multiple-recursive generator mrg, $ GSL_RNG_SEED=123 GSL_RNG_TYPE=mrg ./a.out But I don't understand how to implement this. Any ideas as to what modifications I can make to the above code to incorporate the seed?

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  • should i concentrate on logical and puzzles part in programming, i want to be a web (flex)developer?

    - by abhilashm86
    I'm a student not good and can't easily crack at more puzzle, complex mathematics, hard logic problems? in college i studied c++, java, oops. I'm comfortable with all syntax and writing programs and using API's and doing mashups, i can do.......... but once a friend asked help on coding contest, i was in dilemma and frustration? It was simple and complex, i could not write code for those, so got scared? Is logical ability,complex mathematics, puzzles required for a developer point of view? please help and suggest methods to achieve things......

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  • What is Object Oriented Programming ill-suited for?

    - by LeguRi
    In Martin Fowler's book Refactoring, Fowler speaks of how when developers learn something new, they don't consider when it's inappropriate for the job: Ten years ago it was like that with objects. If someone asked me when not to use objects, it was hard to answer. [...] It was just that I didn't know what those limitations were, although I knew what the benefits were. Reading this, it occurred to me I don't know what the limitations or potential disadvantages of Object-Oriented Programming are. What are the limitations of Object Oriented Programming? When should one look at a project and think "OOP is not best suited for this"?

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  • Relationships in a Chen ERD

    - by Nibroc A Rehpotsirhc
    I am working on a Chen ERD to model our organizations merchandise. Our central entity is a Style. We have supplemental entities of Color and Season. I am defining our assortment as the relationship between these three entities, and this relationship itself will have attributes and is defined by the three entities which participate in the mandatory relationship. The rules are; Many Styles can be offered in a Season, and a Style can be offered in many Seasons. Within a Season, a Style can be offered in Many Colors. I then have 2 other entities, one of which I believe is a weak entity, Climate, and the other may be weak, but I am not sure, this being Transaction Channel. I am thinking of these as relationships off of a relationship? Meaning, for a given Style/Color combination offered in a Season, it can be available through 1 or more Transaction Channels. Additionally, within a season, a given Style/Color combination can be intended for 1 or more Climates. Is it valid to have relationships off of relationships? Or does this requirement dictate that I should think of this Style/Color/Season relationship as an entity itself, and define the relationships to Climate and Transaction Channel off of this entity?

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  • How to visualize the design of a program in order to communicate it to others

    - by Joris Meys
    I am (re-)designing some packages for R, and I am currently working out the necessary functions, objects, both internal and for the interface with the user. I have documented the individual functions and objects. So I have the description of all the little parts. Now I need to give an overview of how the parts fit together. The scheme of the motor so to say. I've started with making some flowchart-like graphs in Visio, but that quickly became a clumsy and useless collection of boxes, arrrows and-what-not. So hence the question: Is there specific software you can use for vizualizing the design of your program If so, care to share some tips on how to do this most efficiently If not, how do other designers create the scheme of their programs and communicate that to others? Edit: I am NOT asking how to explain complex processes to somebody, nor asking how to illustrate programming logic. I am asking how to communicate the design of a program/package, i.e.: the objects (with key features and representation if possible) the related functions (with arguments and function if possible) the interrelation between the functions at the interface and the internal functions (I'm talking about an extension package for a scripting language, keep that in mind) So something like this : But better. This is (part of) the interrelations between functions in the old package that I'm now redesigning for obvious reasons :-) PS : I made that graph myself, using code extraction tools on the source and feeding the interrelation matrix to yEd Graph Editor.

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  • Compiled code spreadsheet-like cell management? (auto-updating)

    - by proGrammar
    Okay so I am fully aware how spreadsheets manage cells, they build dependency graphs where when one cell changes it tells all the other cells that are dependent on it that it changed. So they can from there update. How they update I think involves either re-evaluating the formulas stored as strings, or re-evaluating the abstract syntax tree which I think is stored differently and might be faster. Something like that. What I'm looking to do is manage a few variables in my code so I don't have to update them in the correct way, which would be a nightmare. But I also want it much faster than spreadsheets. And since I'm not looking for any functionality as great as are in these spreadsheets, I just figured from that thought point that there has to be a way to have a very fast implementation of this functionality. Especially since I don't have to modify cells after compiling unless that would be an option. I'm very new to programming so I have no idea. One example might be to have a code-generator that generates code that does this for me. But I have no clue what the generated code would look like. Specifically, how exactly would variables inform others that they need to update, and what do those variables do to update? I'm looking for any kind of ideas. Programming is not my job but nonetheless I was hoping to have some kind of system like this that would greatly help me with some stuff. Of course I have been programming plenty lately so I can still program. I just don't have the full scope on things. I'm looking for any kind of ideas, thank you very much in advance! Also, please help me with the tags. I know C# and Java mainly and I'm hoping to implement this in either of those languages and I'm hoping this can stay in those tags. Forcing this into some kind of spreadsheet tag wouldn't be accurate.

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  • Design guideline for saving big byte stream in c# [migrated]

    - by Praveen
    I have an application where I am receiving big byte array very fast around per 50 miliseconds. The byte array contains some information like file name etc. The data (byte array ) may come from several sources. Each time I receive the data, I have to find the file name and save the data to that file name. I need some guide lines to how should I design it so that it works efficient. Following is my code... public class DataSaver { private static Dictionary<string, FileStream> _dictFileStream; public static void SaveData(byte[] byteArray) { string fileName = GetFileNameFromArray(byteArray); FileStream fs = GetFileStream(fileName); fs.Write(byteArray, 0, byteArray.Length); } private static FileStream GetFileStream(string fileName) { FileStream fs; bool hasStream = _dictFileStream.TryGetValue(fileName, out fs); if (!hasStream) { fs = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Append); _dictFileStream.Add(fileName, fs); } return fs; } public static void CloseSaver() { foreach (var key in _dictFileStream.Keys) { _dictFileStream[key].Close(); } } } How can I improve this code ? I need to create a thread maybe to do the saving.

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  • What types of programming contest problems are there?

    - by Alex
    Basically, I want to make a great reference for use with programming contests that would have all of the algorithms that I can put together that I would need during a contest as well as sample useage for the code. I'm planning on making this into a sort of book that I could print off and take with me to competitions. I would like to do this rather than simply bringing other books (such as Algorithms books) because I think that I will learn a lot more by going over all of the algorithms myself as well as I would know exactly what I have in the book, making it more efficient to have and use. So, I've been doing research to determine what types of programming problems and algorithms are common on contests, and the only thing I can really find is this (which I have seen referenced a few times): Hal Burch conducted an analysis over spring break of 1999 and made an amazing discovery: there are only 16 types of programming contest problems! Furthermore, the top several comprise almost 80% of the problems seen at the IOI. Here they are: Dynamic Programming Greedy Complete Search Flood Fill Shortest Path Recursive Search Techniques Minimum Spanning Tree Knapsack Computational Geometry Network Flow Eulerian Path Two-Dimensional Convex Hull BigNums Heuristic Search Approximate Search Ad Hoc Problems The most challenging problems are Combination Problems which involve a loop (combinations, subsets, etc.) around one of the above algorithms - or even a loop of one algorithm with another inside it. These seem extraordinarily tricky to get right, even though conceptually they are ``obvious''. Now that's good and all, but that study was conducted in 1999, which was 13 years ago! One thing I know is that there are no BigNums problems any more (as Java has a BigInteger class, they have stopped making those problems). So, I'm wondering if anyone knows of any more recent studies of the types of problems that may be seen in a programming contest? Or what the most helpful algorithms on contests would be?

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  • Is it convenient to use a XML/JSON generated based system? [closed]

    - by Marcelo de Assis
    One of my clients insists that we missed a requisite for the project(a little social network, using PHP + MySql), is that all queries are made from XML / JSON static files (using AJAX) and not directly from the database. Edit: The main reason, stated by client, is a way to economize bandwith. Even the file loading, has to be using AJAX, to avoid server side processing. We will still use a database to store and insert data. These XML / JSON files will be (re) generated whenever any data is changed by CMS or users. As the project was developed without this "technique", we'll have a lot of work ahead, so I would like to avoid that. I'm asking if it's convenient to use a XML generated based system, because I think a database is already "optimized" and secure to deal with a lot of data traffic. Other issue I'm afraid of, is a chance of conflict when a user is trying to read a XML/JSON which is being just generated.

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  • null values vs "empty" singleton for optional fields

    - by Uko
    First of all I'm developing a parser for an XML-based format for 3D graphics called XGL. But this question can be applied to any situation when you have fields in your class that are optional i.e. the value of this field can be missing. As I was taking a Scala course on coursera there was an interesting pattern when you create an abstract class with all the methods you need and then create a normal fully functional subclass and an "empty" singleton subclass that always returns false for isEmpty method and throws exceptions for the other ones. So my question is: is it better to just assign null if the optional field's value is missing or make a hierarchy described above and assign it an empty singleton implementation?

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  • Securing credentials passed to web service

    - by Greg Smith
    I'm attempting to design a single sign on system for use in a distributed architecture. Specifically, I must provide a way for a client website (that is, a website on a different domain/server/network) to allow users to register accounts on my central system. So, when the user takes an action on a client website, and that action is deemed to require an account, the client will produce a page (on their site/domain) where the user can register for a new account by providing an email and password. The client must then send this information to a web service, which will register the account and return some session token type value. The client will need to hash the password before sending it across the wire, and the webservice will require https, but this doesn't feel like it's safe enough and I need some advice on how I can implement this in the most secure way possible. A few other bits of relevant information: Ideally we'd prefer not to share any code with the client We've considered just redirecting the user to a secure page on the same server as the webservice, but this is likely to be rejected for non-technical reasons. We almost certainaly need to salt the password before hashing and passing it over, but that requires the client to either a) generate the salt and communicate it to us, or b) come and ask us for the salt - both feel dirty. Any help or advice is most appreciated.

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