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• A general question about compilation and interpretation.

  - by wucnuc

  Hi stackoverflow, I apologize in advance for the possible stupidity of this question. However, the following has been the source of some confusion for me and I know the people here will be able to handily clear up the confusion for me. Basically, I would like to finally understand the relationship between any and all of the following terms. Some of the terms I do actually understand pretty well, but some of them are similar in my mind and I would like to once and for all to see their relationships/distinctions laid out all at once. They are: compiler interpreter bytecode machine code assembler assembly language binary object code executable Ideally, an answer would use examples from Java and C++ and other well-known programming languages that a young-ish student like me would be familiar with. Also, if you want to throw in any other useful terms that would be fine too :)

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• How, in general, can web framework support REST style?

  - by juro

  I would like to know, what are the ways a web framework may be suitable for designing a RESTful app, in general. One goal is for example to provide http request routing, so they are automatically sent to appropriate controllers. From architectural point of view, web framework based on MVC pattern are more suitable for REST. What other features of web frameworks are helpful by building apps satisfying the REST constraints? Is there any reason why you consider certain languages(python/java) or web frameworks(django/turbogears/jersey/restlets/...) as the most applicable ones?

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• Why does derivative trading position always require C++ knowledge?

  - by Jeffrey

  I’ve never worked in trading environment before and I was curious to see that few of the trading houses seem to use C# but most of them do heavily rely on C++. Why is it? Is it because C++ is better performance wise? Is it because of legacy code base? Is it because cross platform issue? What about dynamic languages (ruby, python)? Are they too slow for this kind of work in terms of performance? Updated: If realibility and performance are important would "Erlang" be the "next big thing" in trading platform?

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• How to use SOAP in asp.net mvc

  - by bastijn

  A 3rd party site sends its notifications after my web application has completed some action in order to notify me of its succes. Receiving a notification item requires a response back to the 3rd party server (URL) with the a containing the value "accepted". I have never user SOAP and with the basic info found I'm a bit lost for the case of asp.net mvc. Are there any good links showing the principle of receiving and sending SOAP responses? Tutorials / information may be presented in other languages such as java, asp.net (classic) or something. I need to get a general idea since googling on SOAP is not giving me anything for the past few hours. thanks in advance.

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• is it better to use a "natural" language to write code?

  - by M.H

  I recently saw a programming language called supernova and they said in the web page : The Supernova Programming language is a modern scripting language and the First one presents the concept of programming with direct Fiction Description using Clear subset of pure Human Language. and you can write code like: i want window and the window title is Hello World. i want button and button caption is Close. and button name is btn1. btn1 mouse click. instructions are you close window end of instructions my question is not about the language itself but it is that are we need such languages and did they make writing code easier or not?

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• How to localize static content in database with Django

  - by man with python

  My app has tables for languages and countries (actually django-countries at the moment, but open for suggestions). The tables are populated when I initialize the database and remain static after that. What would be the ideal localization mechanism for the contents of these tables, so that I can show the country and language names to users in their chosen site language? I'm aware of projects like django-multilingual and transdb, but IMO they are more suitable for dynamic content, i.e. stuff that's supposed to be modified. Please englighten me!

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• Generating dynamic C# based on textual data into the runtime?

  - by WeNeedAnswers

  Is there a quick and easy way to load textual C# into a program. I would like to load the LINQ from the database as an Expression and run it against some data (SQL or Array/List don't mind). I know I can do it using the C# CodeDom/ExpressionTree builder with Assembly Loading and Creating AppDomains, but this seems very long winded. Is there an easier way. I thought with the advent of .net 3.5 that the ExpressionTree would come to my aid, but I now realise that I have to write a parser to use this. Maybe there is a new trick in 4.0? Something along the lines of a dynamic languages Parse would be great. Any suggestions greatly appreciated.

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• -1 as a return value

  - by dimadima

  This question is specifically about PHP, but I'm guessing it might be applicable to other languages as well. I've noticed that between PHP4 and PHP5, the designers of the language shifted away from using -1 as a return value to using constants or other forms of output. This makes sense, as -1 is not particularly evocative, and I'm guessing this practice led to confusion. That said, I am sometimes inclined to return -1 when I want to quickly add another return option to a function, and -1 often seems like a perfectly valid way to express the outcome I am coding for. So here are my questions: Is my observation generally correct, regarding the move away from -1 as a return value in PHP5 vs PHP4? What are the cons of returning -1, beyond for the reason I mentioned above, wherein the -1 return value doesn't contribute positively to code clarity?

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• how to give language option at installation time of my .net project?

  - by Ashwin

  I created one desktop project in c#. i want to know about how it could be use for different languages. i created resx file for all the forms like that: select particular form goes to the property window set localiztion true select language in which i want to show in particular language. convert all labels text and other functionality in selected language and build it. after building one another resx file created other than default resx. This process is did for all the form. so now each form having to resx file first is hi.resx for hindi and another is default resx. now my qus is that : how to give language selection option at installation time. and when user choose any language then my application is converted in that language that means particular language resx file set life time whenever user uninstall that application.

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• How can I do block-oriented disk I/O with Java? Or similar for a B+ tree

  - by Sanoj

  I would like to implement an B+ tree in Java and try to optimize it for disk based I/O. Is there an API for accessing individual disk blocks from Java? or is there an API that can do similar block-oriented access that fits my purpose? I would like to create something like Tokyo Cabinet in 100% Java. Is there anyone that knows what Java only databases like JavaDB is using in the back-end for this? I know that there are probably other languages than Java that can do this better, but I do this in a learning purpose only.

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• Parsing/executing C# code in C++ (on Linux)?

  - by Stick it to THE MAN

  I want to be able to add scripting functionality to my application. One of the language bindings I am considering is C# (and possibly VB.Net). The challenge is this: My application is developed in C++ My application runs on Linux I am aware of Mono, but I dont know (as yet), what is required to allow my C++ appliaction (running on linux), to be scriptable with .Net languages. Is this feasible? Am I crazy for even thinking of doing this? If I'm not crazy, can anyone provide some guidelines on how to go about implementing this? Help, tips, ideas, suggestions anyone?

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• Has anybody managed to teach themself strong OOP skills through mainly developing with JavaScript?

  - by yaya3

  I am trying to do this, I'm a full time front-end dev and am aware that I am struglling to achieve this. When I am referring to OOP skills I am referring to understanding and being familiar with concepts like inheritance, polymorphism, encapsulation, abstaction. I am aware that it may be more likely to achieve what I'm after by focusing on another language in my spare time. This is the plan, but I'd be really intrigued to hear if anybody has managed to achieve this purely through JavaScript and how you did it. It'd be even better to hear from strong OOP developers from who use different programming languages to know if they have worked with developers who have managed to achieve this.

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• I need an efficient protocol between webservices that are more or less supported by all major langua

  - by corgrath

  Hey all. I am looking for a fast and efficient protocol that can be used between different web services to send text-data (not binary data). Doesn't matter if the protocol is binary or text base. Some conditions: I has to be more "efficient" than normal XML which adds a lot of extra data and the tools to read/write is too heavy It has to be "supported" by most major languages, meaning it cannot only be available for one specific language. At the moment, both Java and PHP have to be able to talk to each other using this protocol. I have already looked at: XML - which I am currently using. Hessian 2 -which works perfectly in Java, but the PHP-support is out of date JSON -the different between JSON and XML is only minor Any suggestions are welcome!

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• Implementation communication protocols in C/C++

  - by MeThinks

  I am in the process of starting to implement some proprietary communication protocol stack in software but not sure where to start. It is the kind of work I have not done before and I am looking for help in terms of resources for best/recommended approaches. I will be using c/c++ and I am free to use use libraries (BSD/BOOST/Apache) but no GPL. I have used C++ extensively so using the features of C++ is not a problem. The protocol stack has three layers and it is already fully specified and formally verified. So all I need to do is implemented and test it fully in the specified languages. Should also mention that protocol is very simple but can run on different devices over a reliable physical transport layer Any help with references/recommendations will be appreciated. I am willing to use a different language if only to help me understand how to implement them but I will have to eventually resort to the language of choice.

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• Advice for building a browser-based audio mixer up to 32 tracks

  - by Jonathan P.

  As a personal hobby I am looking to build an online audio mixer where I can upload individual instrument tracks, control individual volumes of each track, and export the mixed down version. I've been trying (and have come pretty close) with javascript. I really would like to stay away from flash if possible, but I'm really looking for suggestions for technologies to try. If anyone has any suggestions on languages that are good at stuff like this or libraries that I am missing, please let me know! I have a test environment that I have been using: http://driverstestpractice.com/sandbox Currently all tracks on the site are set to the click track in order to test the track sync (which as you can tell is a little off)! Thanks!

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• Capabilities & Linux & Java

  - by Marek Jelen

  Hi, I am experimenting with linux capabilities for java application ... I do not want to add capabilities to interpreter (JVM), so I tried to write simple wrapper (with debugging information printed to stdout): #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <sys/capability.h> #include <unistd.h> int main(int argc, char *argv[]){ cap_t cap = cap_get_proc(); if (!cap) { perror("cap_get_proc"); exit(1); } printf("%s: running with caps %s\n", argv[0], cap_to_text(cap, NULL)); return execlp("/usr/bin/java", "-server", "-jar", "project.jar", (char *)NULL); } This way, I can se that the capability is set for this execucatable: ./runner: running with caps = cap_net_bind_service+p And getcap shows runner = cap_net_bind_service+ip I have the capability set to be inheritable, so there should be no problem. However java still don't want to bind to privileged ports :-( I am getting this error: sun/nio/ch/Net.java:-2:in `bind': java.net.SocketException: Permission denied (NativeException) Can someone help me to resolve this? Thanks in advance

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• What is so great about STL?

  - by Zygrob

  Hello StackOverflow. I am a Java developer trying to learn C++. I have many times read over the web (including StackOverflow) that STL is the best collections library that you can get in *any* language. (Sorry, I do not have any citations atm) However after studying some STL, I am really failing to see what makes STL so special. Would you please shed some light on what sets STL apart from the collection libraries of other languages and make it the _best_ collection library? Thanks in advance, Zygr??b.

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• Is window.location.href = 'some_page.html' followed by search engines?

  - by Arkaaito

  Currently our website uses links to allow the user to change their locale. The problem with this is that you get a lot of random outlinks from each page on the site to... the same page, in other languages. When a search engine traverses this, it gets an excessively complex view of the site. We were going to change it to a form post to avoid this. However, it seems to me that we should just be able to change it to an onclick="window.location.href='change_my_language.php'" rather than an href="change_my_language.php". Am I right? Or do the major search engines scan for and follow this sort of thing nowadays?

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• [Symfony] Admin generator and i18n

  - by David

  I have read lots of questions about i18n, but I haven't found any about performance. I have a simple backend app listing the contents of an ads table. These ads have a category, that is translated in some languages (it's defined as i18n in the Doctrine schema). So, when I add a "table_method" in my generator.yml to include de Category table, it reduces the number of queries, but there are yet some of them referencing i18n translation tables. So, if I add the category Translation table to the query, it reduces even more the queries BUT it increases the processing time considerably. Why this time penalty? Just because of the translation table? And why isn't the filter using this method to avoid so many translation queries as well? I mean, if I want to filter by category, it is making one query per category to include the translation table. Why??

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• Why are forward declarations necessary?

  - by user199421

  In languages like C# and Java there is no need to declare (for example) a class before using it. If I understand it correctly this is because the compiler does two passes on the code. In the first it just "collects the information available" and in the second one it checks that the code is correct. In C and C++ the compiler does only one pass so everything needs to be available at that time. So my question basically is why isn't it done this way in C and C++. Wouldn't it eliminate the needs for header files?

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• How to make an application scriptable in Linux

  - by arx

  I've written an application in C++ that takes a complex binary file format and translates it into human-readable text. Having edited the text you can recompile it back into the binary file format. This would be more useful if the application's internal object model was scriptable. On Windows I'd expose the objects using COM or .Net but I want this to work on Linux. I could embed a scripting language but that's a fair bit of work, and limits users to the scripting language I choose. Ideally, I'm looking for some way of exposing a scriptable DOM from my application that is: Widely support in scripting languages (without writing language-specific wrappers) Cross-platform (but Linux support is most important) In-process (but this isn't essential)

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• Using static variables for Strings

  - by Vivart

  below content is taken from Best practice: Writing efficient code but i didn't understand why private static String x = "example"; faster than private static final String x ="example"; Can anybody explain this. Using static variables for Strings When you define static fields (also called class fields) of type String, you can increase application speed by using static variables (not final) instead of constants (final). The opposite is true for primitive data types, such as int. For example, you might create a String object as follows: private static final String x = "example"; For this static constant (denoted by the final keyword), each time that you use the constant, a temporary String instance is created. The compiler eliminates "x" and replaces it with the string "example" in the bytecode, so that the BlackBerry® Java® Virtual Machine performs a hash table lookup each time that you reference "x". In contrast, for a static variable (no final keyword), the String is created once. The BlackBerry JVM performs the hash table lookup only when it initializes "x", so access is faster. private static String x = "example"; You can use public constants (that is, final fields), but you must mark variables as private.

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• Unsigneds in order to prevent negative numbers

  - by Bruno Brant

  let's rope I can make this non-sujective Here's the thing: Sometimes, on fixed-typed languages, I restrict input on methods and functions to positive numbers by using the unsigned types, like unsigned int or unsigned double, etc. Most libraries, however, doesn't seem to think that way. Take C# string.Length. It's a integer, even though it can never be negative. Same goes for C/C++: sqrt input is an int or a double. I know there are reasons for this ... for example your argument might be read from a file and (no idea why) you may prefer to send the value directly to the function and check for errors latter (or use a try-catch block). So, I'm assuming that libraries are way better designed than my own code. So what are the reasons against using unsigned numbers to represent positive numbers? It's because of overflow when we cast then back to signed types?

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• Code Golf: Duplicate Character Removal in String

  - by Alex

  The challenge: The shortest code, by character count, that detects and removes duplicate characters in a String. Removal includes ALL instances of the duplicated character (so if you find 3 n's, all three have to go), and original character order needs to be preserved. Example Input 1: nbHHkRvrXbvkn Example Output 1: RrX Example Input 2: nbHHkRbvnrXbvkn Example Output 2: RrX (the second example removes letters that occur three times; some solutions have failed to account for this) (This is based on my other question where I needed the fastest way to do this in C#, but I think it makes good Code Golf across languages.)

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• Is C++ Unmanaged?

  - by Chris Becke

  Am I the only one bugged by the phrase "unmanaged c++"? I think the phrase is implicitly insulting, and is designed to be so. Stroustrup never wrote "The Design and Evolution of Unmanaged C++" and the not unmanaged C++ standards committee is not working on "UC++1x". Maybe I should disingeneously invent a suite of languages called "Faster" purely so I can refer to any language I want to implicitly denigrate with a "Slow" prefix. "Oh, youre using Slow CSharp? Shame!"

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