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• Customer site is out of IP addresses, they want to go from /24 to /12 netmask... Bad idea?

  - by ewwhite

  One of my client sites called to ask me to change the subnet masks of the Linux servers I manage there while they re-IP/change the netmask of their network based on a 10.0.0.x scheme. "Can you change the server netmasks from 255.255.255.0 to 255.240.0.0?" You mean, 255.255.240.0? "No, 255.240.0.0." Are you sure you need that many IP addresses? "Yeah, we never want to run out of IP addresses." A quick check against the Subnet Cheat Sheet shows: a 255.255.255.0 netmask, a /24 provides 256 hosts. It's clear to see that an organization can exhaust that number of IP addresses. a 255.240.0.0 netmask, a /12 provides 1,048,576 hosts. This is a small < 200-user site. I doubt that they'd allocate more than 400 IP addresses. I suggested something that provides fewer hosts, like a /22 or /21 (1024 and 2048 hosts, respectively), but was unable to give a specific reason against using the /12 subnet. Is there anything this customer should be concerned about? Are there any specific reasons they shouldn't use such an incredibly large mask in their environment?

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• WNDR3700 Router + Cisco SG200-08 + LACP + Dual Uplink

  - by kobaltz

  Background I have a storage server that has several virtual machine images stored on them. I would store them locally, but I have limited space on my desktop (using SSD storage). I would like to increase the bandwidth between the desktop and the storage server by using two NICs on each computer. My original configuration allowed about 55MBps between the desktop and storage server. This storage server also has several TBs of documents, pictures, movies, vms, and ISO/programs. The storage server has 8 1.5TB hard drives in a RAID 10 configuration with a hardware RAID controller. The benchmarks on the RAID 10 are about 300MBps. Configuration In short, I am trying to bridge my switch and router. The switch is a small 8 port Cisco smart switch that supports 802.3ad LACP. I have two computers plugged into the switch, each with 2 Intel Gigabit NICs. The first computer is a Windows 7 machine that has the Intel ANS software installed. I have LACP configured with the computer and now show 3 NICs (2 Physical + 1 TEAM Virtual @ 2Gbps). It looks like this computer is configured correctly. I trunked the two ports that this computer is plugged into with the switch's web interface. The second computer is a homebrew storage box running debian. I also have the bonding enabled on this machine and the switch configured with LACP. Without having the WNDR3700 router in the picture yet, I am able to communicate between the Windows 7 machine and the debian box since they both have static IP addresses. With LACP enabled on both machines I am getting about 106-108MBps speeds. Issue I plug in a network cable from the switch into the router and enable DHCP on the desktop. I saw no need to have a static address on the desktop. My transfer rates are still from 106MBps-108MBps. While this is still a boost, I am trying to figure out how to get about 140-180MBps. I am thinking that I need to increase the bandwidth from the router to the switch. My switch allows 4 groups for port trunking. I plugged in a second network cable from the router to the switch. My question is, what is the proper way to fix this issue. Should I port trunk the two ports that are going from the switch to the router? Keep in mind that the router is a WNDR3700 and is unsure whether or not it supports LACP. I do have OpenWRT installed on the router, but it still wasn't clear in any documentation that I found if it supported 802.3ad LACP standards. I am also wondering if there needs to be anything changed within the Cisco settings. [Edit] - Corrected some numbers, wasn't really paying attention. It looks like the speeds though at least two NICs are bonded with LACP is still reaching the max bandwidth of one port. Is there a way to configure the switch so that I can increase this bandwidth? Also, on the storage server, I had a couple of extra NICs laying around and threw them on there as well. Another EDIT and More Findings I happened to look at the traffic of each individual NIC and think that I see the problem. I tested with a simple transfer for a 4GB file. I noticed that only one of the NICs was taking the load of the traffic. I then copied the file back to the Storage Server and noticed that the other NIC was sending out the traffic. I have 802.3ad LACP enabled on the two NICs and I see that it gets enabled dynamically on the switch's interface. Should I be using Static Link Aggregation?

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• Connecting office to data center via Metro-ethernet

  - by Eric

  I am installing a metro ethernet link from my office to my data center. The office will have a cisco 3750 with several vlans. The data center end will have a more complicated set up. The metro e from the office will connect to a 2960, which will have two other 2960s with a few vlans and a 2811 router connected to it for connectivity to our other environments and the internet. I am looking at implementing this by connecting the office 3750 and the data center 2960 with a dot1q trunk and doing all routing at the 2811. I will configure subinterfaces for gateways for each of the vlans on the 2811. I work for a small company and don't have much of a budget for an ideal architecture. I can post a simple diagram if needed for clarification. Is there anything I am missing here? I feel like I am forgetting something very basic and want to make sure I eliminate any boneheaded mistakes.

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• How to set which IP to use for a HTTP request?

  - by GetFree

  This is probably a silly question. I'm doing some http requests using wget from the command line, and I want those connections to be made through one specific IP of the 4 IPs my server has. Those http requests go to one specific range of IPs so I only want those to be routed differently. The 4 interfaces in my server are eth0, eth0:0, eth0:1, eth0:2. I tried with the following command: route add -net 192.164.10.0/24 dev eth0:0 But when I see the routing table it says: Destination Gateway Genmask Flags MSS Window irtt Iface 192.164.10.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 The interface is set to eth0 not eth0:0 as my command says. What am I doing wrong?

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• How can I create a VLAN on my extreme switch for a seperate subnet/domain?

  - by drpcken

  I'm putting together a small active directory implementation for a buddy of mine. I currently have 2 servers (one is the primary domain controller) and a couple clients. I need to test and run updates on every machine on this domain, but I would have plug them into my current LIVE domain to get it internet access. From what I've read having two separate domains on a single subnet is a bad idea (even though it is temporary) so I don't want to risk messing anything up on my production domain. I'm pretty sure I can create a separate VLAN on my extreme 48 port switch and plug this smaller domain into it on a different subnet, but I don't know the commands. Both subnets would need internet access of course (one of the things I can't wrap my head around is routing internet traffic between subnets (gateway is on production subnet). My production domain is on subnet 192.168.200.0. My new domain I want to put online would go into subnet 192.168.10.0. A shove in the right direction would be greatly appreciated. Thank you!

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• How to elegantly selectively exclude FreeBSD network traffic from OpenVPN interface by port

  - by Polygonica

  inexperienced sysadmin here. I'm planning on running a net daemon inside a FreeBSD jail through OpenVPN, but want to be able to SSH directly into the jail and use the daemon's web interface daemon without going through the VPN. As I understand it, an OpenVPN tunnel is normally set up as a default virtual internet interface, and so incoming traffic will go out on the OpenVPN interface by default (which is problematic, as this incurs latency). I thought "well, obviously, since all of this traffic is leaving on a handful of ports, I'll just redirect those to the non-VPN gateway." I've tried to look for solutions, but almost all of them involve iptables instead of ipfw (which is default for FreeBSD) and solve slightly different problems. And alternate solutions like using multiple default routes to ensure that incoming traffic on any interface is always sent out on the same interface seem far-reaching and require deep knowledge of all tools involved. Is there an elegant way of ensuring that traffic leaving on specific ports exits on a specified non-default interface using ipfw?

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• Ubuntu 10.04 network manager issues

  - by Shark

  I was using the default network manager to connect to my wi-fi network, but if the connection is dropped or router restarted the network manager wont reconnect automatically after i guess a couple of tries and just gives a pop-up to connect manually . To avoid this annoyance I installed WICD but though it does try to reconnect to the network after a drop in connection it is unable to resolve the ip address and i am left with an even bigger annoyance . 1. Is there a way to counter either of these issues ? 2. Something like a background process that will check network status periodically and then try to connect to a favored network ? Edit- out put of lshw -C network *-network description: Wireless interface product: Broadcom Corporation vendor: Broadcom Corporation physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:12:00.0 logical name: eth1 version: 01 serial: c0:cb:38:18:9b:7f width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list ethernet physical wireless configuration: broadcast=yes driver=wl0 driverversion=5.60.48.36 ip=192.168.11.2 latency=0 multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11 resources: irq:17 memory:fbc00000-fbc03fff *-network description: Ethernet interface product: RTL8101E/RTL8102E PCI Express Fast Ethernet controller vendor: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:13:00.0 logical name: eth0 version: 02 serial: f0:4d:a2:94:2d:74 size: 10MB/s capacity: 100MB/s width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress msix vpd bus_master cap_list rom ethernet physical tp mii 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd autonegotiation configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=r8169 driverversion=2.3LK-NAPI duplex=half latency=0 link=no multicast=yes port=MII speed=10MB/s resources: irq:29 ioport:e000(size=256) memory:d0b10000-d0b10fff(prefetchable) memory:d0b00000-d0b0ffff(prefetchable) memory:fb200000-fb21ffff(prefetchable)

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• Internet setup for my office

  - by prakash

  We have two internet connections to our office and our current setup is like this.. The internet connections require pppoe log in so i take each cable and plug it into a wifi router and configure the router to log in to the pppoe and then plug in a cable from the router to a switch and distribute the internet throughout my office. The problem with this setup is it is really hard to monitor and im not able to monitor who is hogging internet usage and what he or she is actually using it for. apart from this we also have a nas setup which is routed through another switch . Could someone please throw a little light on how i can restructure this setup for easy monitoring and better transparency... ? each wan router is connected to a different switch and is distributed to users accordingly.. we have around 40 users in the office.. we want to setup a single linux box to which i want to connect the two wan connections and from there distribute it to all our users.... im looking for a solution where we do not have to invest more that buying a single pc and a couple of nics

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• Establish connection with an IP camera behind a modem-router assigned with a private IP by Internet Service Provider?

  - by silvernightstar

  Most solutions out there require the modem-router to have been assigned a public IP by the ISP. After which, one can access the IP camera via a portforward setting on the router. However, my ISP only provides private IPs internal to their system (they probably have a limited pool of public IPs). So I am unable to view my IP cameras in the way described. I'm wondering if there's a way to work around this problem without having to need a public IP. Since, after all, two users on Yahoo Messenger or Facebook Chat are able to find one another and exchange data despite both sides being within the internal networks of their respective ISPs. Given that I only plan to view my IP cameras via iOS or Android running on a smartphone or tablet, any ready-to-use solutions out there?

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• Multicast Prblem in Linux Red Hat server

  - by Uma Kant Verma

  I am facing a very strange behavior on my server. I am using a linux cluster.On fail over server my broadcast application halts after 5 minutes.But it is working fine on Primary server. My application process listening on port and send broadcast.It is working 5 mins after that it wait on socket for further packets but it didn't receive anything. Same process is working fine at Primary server. Plz help me.

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• Is there a utility to visualise / isolate and watch application calls

  - by MyStream

  Note: I'm not sure what to search for so guidance on that may be just as valuable as an answer. I'm looking for a way to visually compare activity of two applications (in this case a webserver with php communicating with the system or mysql or network devices, etc) such that I can compare the performance at a glance. I know there are tools to generate data dumps from benchmarks for apache and some available for php for tracing that you can dump and analyse but what I'm looking for is something that can report performance metrics visually from data on calls (what called what, how long did it take, how much memory did it consume, how can that be represented visually in a call stack) and present it graphically as if it were a topology or layered visual with different elements of system calls occupying different layers. A typical visual may consist of (e.g. using swim diagrams as just one analogy): Network (details here relevant to network diagnostics) | ^ back out v | Linux (details here related to firewall/routing diagnostics) ^ back to network | | V ^ back to system Apache (details here related to web request) | | ^ response to V | apache PHP (etc) PHP---------->other accesses to php files/resources----- | ^ v | MySQL (total time) MySQL | ^ V | Each call listed + time + tables hit/record returned My aim would be to be able to 'inspect' a request/range of requests over a period of time to see what constituted the activity at that point in time and trace it from beginning to end as a diagnostic tool. Is there any such work in this direction? I realise it would be intensive on the server, but the intention is to benchmark and analyse processes against each other for both educational and professional reasons and a visual aid is a great eye-opener compared to raw statistics or dozens of discrete activity vs time graphs. It's hard to show the full cycle. Any pointers welcome. Thanks! FROM COMMENTS: > XHProf in conjunction with other programs such as Perconna toolkit > (percona.com/doc/percona-toolkit/2.0/pt-pmp.html) for mySQL run apache > with httpd -X & (Single threaded debug mode and background) then > attach with strace -> kcache grind

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• No Drivers in Ubuntu 9.1!!!

  - by Chris

  I have a Lenovo G550 and I installed Ubuntu on it through Windows and I have no drivers. No sound, no wireless. I previously had installed it through Windows Vista with no problems at all. I now run Windows 7 and cannot seem to get it to function properly. I tried installing the recommended drivers to make sure the proper ones were installed and that still did nothing. Any one have ANY idea what could be happening? I just don't feel like dealing with it.

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• How to make Windows 7 Network show Samba share after VM is rebooted/restored?

  - by lackey

  On Windows 7, I have VirtualBox running Linux (Ubuntu 8.04), with Samba set up so that the Windows host can access it. But if the virtual machine is shut down & restored, or rebooted, the Windows Network no longer shows it. I've tried refreshing many times, restarting Samba, disabling/enabling the virtual network adapter, and running the succession of commands ipconfig /release, ipconfig /flushdns, & ipconfig /renew, but none worked. As a last resort I could restart the host itself, but is there a better way?

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• How frequent are network partitions on cloud services?

  - by roja

  Much is made of the CAP trade-off for data storage where conflicts can be introduced if there is a network partition. My question is there any evidence that this is a problem that arises with any significant frequency in modern cloud IAAS services e.g.; EC2, Azure, Rackspace. Is it a problem which, despite being a theoretical roadblock in constructing idealised distributed systems is, in fact, a non-issue for all practical concerns? Has anyone experienced a network partition within one of these systems (within a single data-centre?) If so would you be willing to share any details?

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• How to use aliases for remote hosts when accessing locally

  - by alexloh

  I would like to use an alias for a remote host. For example, when instead of "ping giraffe.foo.bar.com" I want to do "ping giraffe", but only when I do it from my own machine. I am able to do this for raw IP addresses by adding an entry in /etc/hosts (ie "123.456.1.0 giraffe"), but it does not seem to work for host names.

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• default virtual network interface

  - by Zulakis

  I got a single ethernet connection to a network but need multiple ips. Because of this, I am using virtual network interfaces like this: auto intern iface intern inet static address ... netmask ... gateway ...U auto intern:1 iface intern:1 inet static address ... netmask ... gateway ... I need to specify which IP should be used by default for outgoing traffic. How can I do that?

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• I have to manually enter the pwd when I login at school and when I come back home with my laptop (DELL E6410)

  - by Bong Paduano

  I didn't have to do this the first 3 months of me going to school. My laptop used to be able to connect to my Home WiFi and school Wifi automatically then after the 3rd month something changed and eversince then I literally have to manually enter each of the Wifi passwords in each location each time I try to connect to their respective WLAN. I tried adding each WiFi networks in the "Manage wireless networks" section in the Network and Sharing Center but everytime I login to one of the location, the created network disappears and I did this more than once. I tried restoring the OS back but to no avail. Can someone please assist me on this issue. I'm not sure if this issue has been addressed in this website but I haven't seen any similar question in here. I appreciate any help anyone may be able to share.

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• How to build a private Wi-Fi Network server with VMware?

  - by Maarten Schermer

  For a school project, we have to build a Private network with VMware vSphere , which we can connect to with a Username and Password. On the network we want to create a folder for each Useraccount. Also we must have add a few groups (Admin,Customer,Manager). We must be able to connect to our network via the school Wi-Fi. We want to build a safe and secure network, with an easy way to access the network. Do you have any tips on how to approach this?

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• What is causing my internet to be slow on one laptop but not the other and only at a distance?

  - by Matt Case

  I have a newer laptop, purchased within the last year (acer aspire 7740). This laptop does not have any problem connecting to wireless networks and indicates that the signal strength is excellent on most of the wireless networks I connect to. When the laptop is within 10 feet of my wireless router it gets 30 down 10 up. When it is farther away than 10 feet it will be lucky to get 3 down and 1 up. I also have an older laptop, purchased in 2005, that has no problems at all at the same range. None of my phones, gaming consoles or tablets have this problem. I am beginning to think that the problem must be some hardware defect with the wireless card. I can provide additional information if needed. Just thought I'd check to see what others thought because I've been working on computers my whole life and have never heard of this happening. I have also tried to change the channels on my wireless router and have had no success with this idea.

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• What software is available to keep track of hundreds of servers?

  - by djangofan

  What good software is available (free or not free) to help me keep track of information relating to hundreds of servers, their relationships to each other (parent/child, category, type), and information on connecting to them, as well as possibly showing a picture or grid of some kind that allows me to report these relationships and key information to my supervisor. I am trying to avoid the "spreadsheet solution" or "visio solution" because I want to share this information and make changes with other persons in my server team. In other words, the solution I am looking for is a cross between a spreadsheet solution and a visio solution, providing both graphing and configuration information WITHOUT monitoring, and in a consistent format.

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• How to get all IPs of a domain?

  - by DenMark

  How can I get all IPs of a domain name, say, www.google.com? Of course, nslookup and host command will give me IPs of a domain. But what shall I do if I want a list ALL (or, at least a lot more than just one or two..) IPs of that domain?

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• nmap reports host up when it isn't

  - by martianway

  On an Ubuntu VM I ran: sudo nmap -sP 192.168.0.* This returned: Starting Nmap 5.00 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2010-12-28 22:46 PST Host 192.168.0.0 is up (0.00064s latency). Host 192.168.0.1 is up (0.00078s latency). Host 192.168.0.2 is up (0.00011s latency). . . . Host 192.168.0.254 is up (0.00068s latency). Host 192.168.0.255 is up (0.00066s latency). The problem is I only have 4 live machines on 192.168.0.* so why did nmap report every ip in the subnet has a live host? The ip address of the Ubuntu machine is 192.168.28.131 From this VM I can ping the live systems on my internal subnet 192.168.0.* and get the expected response. And if I ping a machine that doesn't exist I can get no response as expected.

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• How to setup wireless radio to network using 2 nics?

  - by CptanPanic

  I am having problems setting up this network, hopefully someone can help me. Laptop <- Wireless Radio <- ... - Wireless Radio <- CPU1( NIC1,NIC2) <- SWITCH <- CPU2 I have a computer with 2 NICs (CPU1). One goes to a wireless radio that connects to a wireless laptop, the other NIC goes to network switch. I can't connect Wireless Radio to switch due to space constraints. All the machines and radios are on same network addresses. I tried using Window's Bridge network which did allow Laptop to reach CPU2, but not CPU1. What is the way to get this to work so all the computers can talk to each other?

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• Use name instead of IP address for home network

  - by abney317

  I have IIS7 on my computer, and I can access it through other computers in my house on the same network through my computer's IP address - 192.168.1.10x Instead of typing in http : //192.168.1.10x/ I want to be able to go to http : //somename/ I know you can change the hosts file to add it but I'd have to do that on each computer and I'd still have to type in the IP to access it from my iPod/Wii... etc.

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• Use name instead of IP address for home network

  - by abney317

  I have IIS7 on my computer, and I can access it through other computers in my house on the same network through my computer's IP address - 192.168.1.10x Instead of typing in http : //192.168.1.10x/ I want to be able to go to http : //somename/ I know you can change the hosts file to add it but I'd have to do that on each computer and I'd still have to type in the IP to access it from my iPod/Wii... etc.

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