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  • Simplifying C++11 optimal parameter passing when a copy is needed

    - by Mr.C64
    It seems to me that in C++11 lots of attention was made to simplify returning values from functions and methods, i.e.: with move semantics it's possible to simply return heavy-to-copy but cheap-to-move values (while in C++98/03 the general guideline was to use output parameters via non-const references or pointers), e.g.: // C++11 style vector<string> MakeAVeryBigStringList(); // C++98/03 style void MakeAVeryBigStringList(vector<string>& result); On the other side, it seems to me that more work should be done on input parameter passing, in particular when a copy of an input parameter is needed, e.g. in constructors and setters. My understanding is that the best technique in this case is to use templates and std::forward<>, e.g. (following the pattern of this answer on C++11 optimal parameter passing): class Person { std::string m_name; public: template <class T, class = typename std::enable_if < std::is_constructible<std::string, T>::value >::type> explicit Person(T&& name) : m_name(std::forward<T>(name)) { } ... }; A similar code could be written for setters. Frankly, this code seems boilerplate and complex, and doesn't scale up well when there are more parameters (e.g. if a surname attribute is added to the above class). Would it be possible to add a new feature to C++11 to simplify code like this (just like lambdas simplify C++98/03 code with functors in several cases)? I was thinking of a syntax with some special character, like @ (since introducing a &&& in addition to && would be too much typing :) e.g.: class Person { std::string m_name; public: /* Simplified syntax to produce boilerplate code like this: template <class T, class = typename std::enable_if < std::is_constructible<std::string, T>::value >::type> */ explicit Person(std::string@ name) : m_name(name) // implicit std::forward as well { } ... }; This would be very convenient also for more complex cases involving more parameters, e.g. Person(std::string@ name, std::string@ surname) : m_name(name), m_surname(surname) { } Would it be possible to add a simplified convenient syntax like this in C++? What would be the downsides of such a syntax?

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  • How do you model roles / relationships with Domain Driven Design in mind?

    - by kitsune
    If I have three entities, Project, ProjectRole and Person, where a Person can be a member of different Projects and be in different Project Roles (such as "Project Lead", or "Project Member") - how would you model such a relationship? In the database, I currently have the following tablers: Project, Person, ProjectRole Project_Person with PersonId & ProjectId as PK and a ProjectRoleId as a FK Relationship. I'm really at a loss here since all domain models I come up with seem to break some "DDD" rule. Are there any 'standards' for this problem? I had a look at a Streamlined Object Modeling and there is an example what a Project and ProjectMember would look like, but AddProjectMember() in Project would call ProjectMember.AddProject(). So Project has a List of ProjectMembers, and each ProjectMember in return has a reference to the Project. Looks a bit convoluted to me. update After reading more about this subject, I will try the following: There are distinct roles, or better, model relationships, that are of a certain role type within my domain. For instance, ProjectMember is a distinct role that tells us something about the relationship a Person plays within a Project. It contains a ProjectMembershipType that tells us more about the Role it will play. I do know for certain that persons will have to play roles inside a project, so I will model that relationship. ProjectMembershipTypes can be created and modified. These can be "Project Leader", "Developer", "External Adviser", or something different. A person can have many roles inside a project, and these roles can start and end at a certain date. Such relationships are modeled by the class ProjectMember. public class ProjectMember : IRole { public virtual int ProjectMemberId { get; set; } public virtual ProjectMembershipType ProjectMembershipType { get; set; } public virtual Person Person { get; set; } public virtual Project Project { get; set; } public virtual DateTime From { get; set; } public virtual DateTime Thru { get; set; } // etc... } ProjectMembershipType: ie. "Project Manager", "Developer", "Adviser" public class ProjectMembershipType : IRoleType { public virtual int ProjectMembershipTypeId { get; set; } public virtual string Name { get; set; } public virtual string Description { get; set; } // etc... }

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  • Testing Entity Framework applications, pt. 3: NDbUnit

    - by Thomas Weller
    This is the third of a three part series that deals with the issue of faking test data in the context of a legacy app that was built with Microsoft's Entity Framework (EF) on top of an MS SQL Server database – a scenario that can be found very often. Please read the first part for a description of the sample application, a discussion of some general aspects of unit testing in a database context, and of some more specific aspects of the here discussed EF/MSSQL combination. Lately, I wondered how you would ‘mock’ the data layer of a legacy application, when this data layer is made up of an MS Entity Framework (EF) model in combination with a MS SQL Server database. Originally, this question came up in the context of how you could enable higher-level integration tests (automated UI tests, to be exact) for a legacy application that uses this EF/MSSQL combo as its data store mechanism – a not so uncommon scenario. The question sparked my interest, and I decided to dive into it somewhat deeper. What I've found out is, in short, that it's not very easy and straightforward to do it – but it can be done. The two strategies that are best suited to fit the bill involve using either the (commercial) Typemock Isolator tool or the (free) NDbUnit framework. The use of Typemock was discussed in the previous post, this post now will present the NDbUnit approach... NDbUnit is an Apache 2.0-licensed open-source project, and like so many other Nxxx tools and frameworks, it is basically a C#/.NET port of the corresponding Java version (DbUnit namely). In short, it helps you in flexibly managing the state of a database in that it lets you easily perform basic operations (like e.g. Insert, Delete, Refresh, DeleteAll)  against your database and, most notably, lets you feed it with data from external xml files. Let's have a look at how things can be done with the help of this framework. Preparing the test data Compared to Typemock, using NDbUnit implies a totally different approach to meet our testing needs.  So the here described testing scenario requires an instance of an SQL Server database in operation, and it also means that the Entity Framework model that sits on top of this database is completely unaffected. First things first: For its interactions with the database, NDbUnit relies on a .NET Dataset xsd file. See Step 1 of their Quick Start Guide for a description of how to create one. With this prerequisite in place then, the test fixture's setup code could look something like this: [TestFixture, TestsOn(typeof(PersonRepository))] [Metadata("NDbUnit Quickstart URL",           "http://code.google.com/p/ndbunit/wiki/QuickStartGuide")] [Description("Uses the NDbUnit library to provide test data to a local database.")] public class PersonRepositoryFixture {     #region Constants     private const string XmlSchema = @"..\..\TestData\School.xsd";     #endregion // Constants     #region Fields     private SchoolEntities _schoolContext;     private PersonRepository _personRepository;     private INDbUnitTest _database;     #endregion // Fields     #region Setup/TearDown     [FixtureSetUp]     public void FixtureSetUp()     {         var connectionString = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["School_Test"].ConnectionString;         _database = new SqlDbUnitTest(connectionString);         _database.ReadXmlSchema(XmlSchema);         var entityConnectionStringBuilder = new EntityConnectionStringBuilder         {             Metadata = "res://*/School.csdl|res://*/School.ssdl|res://*/School.msl",             Provider = "System.Data.SqlClient",             ProviderConnectionString = connectionString         };         _schoolContext = new SchoolEntities(entityConnectionStringBuilder.ConnectionString);         _personRepository = new PersonRepository(this._schoolContext);     }     [FixtureTearDown]     public void FixtureTearDown()     {         _database.PerformDbOperation(DbOperationFlag.DeleteAll);         _schoolContext.Dispose();     }     ...  As you can see, there is slightly more fixture setup code involved if your tests are using NDbUnit to provide the test data: Because we're dealing with a physical database instance here, we first need to pick up the test-specific connection string from the test assemblies' App.config, then initialize an NDbUnit helper object with this connection along with the provided xsd file, and also set up the SchoolEntities and the PersonRepository instances accordingly. The _database field (an instance of the INdUnitTest interface) will be our single access point to the underlying database: We use it to perform all the required operations against the data store. To have a flexible mechanism to easily insert data into the database, we can write a helper method like this: private void InsertTestData(params string[] dataFileNames) {     _database.PerformDbOperation(DbOperationFlag.DeleteAll);     if (dataFileNames == null)     {         return;     }     try     {         foreach (string fileName in dataFileNames)         {             if (!File.Exists(fileName))             {                 throw new FileNotFoundException(Path.GetFullPath(fileName));             }             _database.ReadXml(fileName);             _database.PerformDbOperation(DbOperationFlag.InsertIdentity);         }     }     catch     {         _database.PerformDbOperation(DbOperationFlag.DeleteAll);         throw;     } } This lets us easily insert test data from xml files, in any number and in a  controlled order (which is important because we eventually must fulfill referential constraints, or we must account for some other stuff that imposes a specific ordering on data insertion). Again, as with Typemock, I won't go into API details here. - Unfortunately, there isn't too much documentation for NDbUnit anyway, other than the already mentioned Quick Start Guide (and the source code itself, of course) - a not so uncommon problem with smaller Open Source Projects. Last not least, we need to provide the required test data in xml form. A snippet for data from the People table might look like this, for example: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> <School xmlns="http://tempuri.org/School.xsd">   <Person>     <PersonID>1</PersonID>     <LastName>Abercrombie</LastName>     <FirstName>Kim</FirstName>     <HireDate>1995-03-11T00:00:00</HireDate>   </Person>   <Person>     <PersonID>2</PersonID>     <LastName>Barzdukas</LastName>     <FirstName>Gytis</FirstName>     <EnrollmentDate>2005-09-01T00:00:00</EnrollmentDate>   </Person>   <Person>     ... You can also have data from various tables in one single xml file, if that's appropriate for you (but beware of the already mentioned ordering issues). It's true that your test assembly may end up with dozens of such xml files, each containing quite a big amount of text data. But because the files are of very low complexity, and with the help of a little bit of Copy/Paste and Excel magic, this appears to be well manageable. Executing some basic tests Here are some of the possible tests that can be written with the above preparations in place: private const string People = @"..\..\TestData\School.People.xml"; ... [Test, MultipleAsserts, TestsOn("PersonRepository.GetNameList")] public void GetNameList_ListOrdering_ReturnsTheExpectedFullNames() {     InsertTestData(People);     List<string> names =         _personRepository.GetNameList(NameOrdering.List);     Assert.Count(34, names);     Assert.AreEqual("Abercrombie, Kim", names.First());     Assert.AreEqual("Zheng, Roger", names.Last()); } [Test, MultipleAsserts, TestsOn("PersonRepository.GetNameList")] [DependsOn("RemovePerson_CalledOnce_DecreasesCountByOne")] public void GetNameList_NormalOrdering_ReturnsTheExpectedFullNames() {     InsertTestData(People);     List<string> names =         _personRepository.GetNameList(NameOrdering.Normal);     Assert.Count(34, names);     Assert.AreEqual("Alexandra Walker", names.First());     Assert.AreEqual("Yan Li", names.Last()); } [Test, TestsOn("PersonRepository.AddPerson")] public void AddPerson_CalledOnce_IncreasesCountByOne() {     InsertTestData(People);     int count = _personRepository.Count;     _personRepository.AddPerson(new Person { FirstName = "Thomas", LastName = "Weller" });     Assert.AreEqual(count + 1, _personRepository.Count); } [Test, TestsOn("PersonRepository.RemovePerson")] public void RemovePerson_CalledOnce_DecreasesCountByOne() {     InsertTestData(People);     int count = _personRepository.Count;     _personRepository.RemovePerson(new Person { PersonID = 33 });     Assert.AreEqual(count - 1, _personRepository.Count); } Not much difference here compared to the corresponding Typemock versions, except that we had to do a bit more preparational work (and also it was harder to get the required knowledge). But this picture changes quite dramatically if we look at some more demanding test cases: Ok, and what if things are becoming somewhat more complex? Tests like the above ones represent the 'easy' scenarios. They may account for the biggest portion of real-world use cases of the application, and they are important to make sure that it is generally sound. But usually, all these nasty little bugs originate from the more complex parts of our code, or they occur when something goes wrong. So, for a testing strategy to be of real practical use, it is especially important to see how easy or difficult it is to mimick a scenario which represents a more complex or exceptional case. The following test, for example, deals with the case that there is some sort of invalid input from the caller: [Test, MultipleAsserts, TestsOn("PersonRepository.GetCourseMembers")] [Row(null, typeof(ArgumentNullException))] [Row("", typeof(ArgumentException))] [Row("NotExistingCourse", typeof(ArgumentException))] public void GetCourseMembers_WithGivenVariousInvalidValues_Throws(string courseTitle, Type expectedInnerExceptionType) {     var exception = Assert.Throws<RepositoryException>(() =>                                 _personRepository.GetCourseMembers(courseTitle));     Assert.IsInstanceOfType(expectedInnerExceptionType, exception.InnerException); } Apparently, this test doesn't need an 'Arrange' part at all (see here for the same test with the Typemock tool). It acts just like any other client code, and all the required business logic comes from the database itself. This doesn't always necessarily mean that there is less complexity, but only that the complexity happens in a different part of your test resources (in the xml files namely, where you sometimes have to spend a lot of effort for carefully preparing the required test data). Another example, which relies on an underlying 1-n relationship, might be this: [Test, MultipleAsserts, TestsOn("PersonRepository.GetCourseMembers")] public void GetCourseMembers_WhenGivenAnExistingCourse_ReturnsListOfStudents() {     InsertTestData(People, Course, Department, StudentGrade);     List<Person> persons = _personRepository.GetCourseMembers("Macroeconomics");     Assert.Count(4, persons);     Assert.ForAll(         persons,         @p => new[] { 10, 11, 12, 14 }.Contains(@p.PersonID),         "Person has none of the expected IDs."); } If you compare this test to its corresponding Typemock version, you immediately see that the test itself is much simpler, easier to read, and thus much more intention-revealing. The complexity here lies hidden behind the call to the InsertTestData() helper method and the content of the used xml files with the test data. And also note that you might have to provide additional data which are not even directly relevant to your test, but are required only to fulfill some integrity needs of the underlying database. Conclusion The first thing to notice when comparing the NDbUnit approach to its Typemock counterpart obviously deals with performance: Of course, NDbUnit is much slower than Typemock. Technically,  it doesn't even make sense to compare the two tools. But practically, it may well play a role and could or could not be an issue, depending on how much tests you have of this kind, how often you run them, and what role they play in your development cycle. Also, because the dataset from the required xsd file must fully match the database schema (even in parts that otherwise wouldn't be relevant to you), it can be quite cumbersome to be in a team where different people are working with the database in parallel. My personal experience is – as already said in the first part – that Typemock gives you a better development experience in a 'dynamic' scenario (when you're working in some kind of TDD-style, you're oftentimes executing the tests from your dev box, and your database schema changes frequently), whereas the NDbUnit approach is a good and solid solution in more 'static' development scenarios (when you need to execute the tests less frequently or only on a separate build server, and/or the underlying database schema can be kept relatively stable), for example some variations of higher-level integration or User-Acceptance tests. But in any case, opening Entity Framework based applications for testing requires a fair amount of resources, planning, and preparational work – it's definitely not the kind of stuff that you would call 'easy to test'. Hopefully, future versions of EF will take testing concerns into account. Otherwise, I don't see too much of a future for the framework in the long run, even though it's quite popular at the moment... The sample solution A sample solution (VS 2010) with the code from this article series is available via my Bitbucket account from here (Bitbucket is a hosting site for Mercurial repositories. The repositories may also be accessed with the Git and Subversion SCMs - consult the documentation for details. In addition, it is possible to download the solution simply as a zipped archive – via the 'get source' button on the very right.). The solution contains some more tests against the PersonRepository class, which are not shown here. Also, it contains database scripts to create and fill the School sample database. To compile and run, the solution expects the Gallio/MbUnit framework to be installed (which is free and can be downloaded from here), the NDbUnit framework (which is also free and can be downloaded from here), and the Typemock Isolator tool (a fully functional 30day-trial is available here). Moreover, you will need an instance of the Microsoft SQL Server DBMS, and you will have to adapt the connection strings in the test projects App.config files accordingly.

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  • What was your the most impressive technical programming achievement performed to impress a romantic

    - by DVK
    OK, so the archetypal human story is for a guy to go out and impress the girl with some wonderful achievement like slaying a dragon or building a monument or conquering neighboring tribe. This being enlightened 21st century on SO, let's morph this into a: StackOverflower performing a feat of programming to impress a romantic interest. There are two ways to do this: Technical achievement: Impressing a person with suitable background/understanding of programming with actual coding powerss you displayed. A dumb movie example would be that kid in "Hackers" move showing off his hacking skills in front of Angeline Jolie. Artistic achievement: Impressing a person with a result of running said code, whether they understand just how incredible the code itself is. An example is the animated ANSI rose (for a guy who actually wrote the ANSI code) This question is only about the first kind (technical achievements) - e.g. the person of interest was presented with impressive code/design that (s)he was able to properly appreciate. Rules (what doesn't qualify): The target audience must have been a person of romantic interest (prospective or present significant other or random hook-up). E.g. showing your program to your sister who's also a software developer doesn't count. The achievement must have been done specifically with the goal to impress such a person. However, it is OK if the achievement was done to impress a generic qualifying person, not someone specific. Although... if you write code to impress girls in general, I'd say "get a better idea of the opposite sex" The achievement must have been done with the goal of impressing the person. In other words, if you would have done it without romantic interest's knowledge anyway, it doesn't count. As examples, the following does not count: programming for your job. Programming for a coding contest. Open Source program that you'd have done anyway. The precise nature of the awesomeness of the achievement is somewhat irrelevant - from learning entire J2EE in 2 days to writing fancy game engine to implementing Python compiler in LOGO. As long as it's programming/software development related. The achievement should preferably be something other people would rank highly as well. If your date was impressed with your skill at calculating Fibonacci sequence without recursive function calls, it doesn't mean most developers will be. But it does mean you need to start finding better things to do on dates ;)

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  • DataRelation Insert and ForeignKey

    - by Steve
    Guys, I have a winforms application with two DataGridViews displaying a master-detail relationship from my Person and Address tables. Person table has a PersonID field that is auto-incrementing primary key. Address has a PersonID field that is the FK. I fill my DataTables with DataAdapter and set Person.PersonID column's AutoIncrement=true and AutoIncrementStep=-1. I can insert records in the Person DataTable from the DataGridView. The PersonID column displays unique negative values for PersonID. I update the database by calling DataAdapter.Update(PersonTable) and the negative PersonIDs are converted to positive unique values automatically by SQL Server. Here's the rub. The Address DataGridView show the address table which has a DataRelation to Person by PersonID. Inserted Person records have the temporary negative PersonID. I can now insert records into Address via DataGridView and Address.PersonID is set to the negative value from the DataRelation mapping. I call Adapter.Update(AddressTable) and the negative PersonIDs go into the Address table breaking the relationship. How do you guys handle primary/foreign keys using DataTables and master-detail DataGridViews? Thanks! Steve EDIT: After more googling, I found that SqlDataAdapter.RowUpdated event gives me what I need. I create a new command to query the last id inserted by using @@IDENTITY. It works pretty well. The DataRelation updates the Address.PersonID field for me so it's required to Update the Person table first then update the Address table. All the new records insert properly with correct ids in place! Adapter = new SqlDataAdapter(cmd); Adapter.RowUpdated += (s, e) => { if (e.StatementType != StatementType.Insert) return; //set the id for the inserted record SqlCommand c = e.Command.Connection.CreateCommand(); c.CommandText = "select @@IDENTITY id"; e.Row[0] = Convert.ToInt32( c.ExecuteScalar() ); }; Adapter.Fill(this); SqlCommandBuilder sb = new SqlCommandBuilder(Adapter); sb.GetDeleteCommand(); sb.GetUpdateCommand(); sb.GetInsertCommand(); this.Columns[0].AutoIncrement = true; this.Columns[0].AutoIncrementSeed = -1; this.Columns[0].AutoIncrementStep = -1;

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  • Working with Hibernate Queries

    - by jschoen
    I am new to hibernate queries, and trying to get a grasp on how everything works. I am using Hibernate 3 with Netbeans 6.5. I have a basic project set up and have been playing around with how to do everything. I started with essentially a search query. Where the user can enter values into one or more fields. The table would be Person with the columns first_name, middle_name, last_name for the sake of the example. The first way I found was to have a method that took firstName, middleName, and lastName as parameters: Session session = HibernateUtil.getSessionFactory().getCurrentSession(); Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction(); String query = "from Person where (first_name = :firstName or :firstName is null) "+ "and (middle_name = :middleName or :middleName is null) " "and (last_name = :lastname or :lastName is null)"; Query q = session.createQuery(query); q.setString("firstName", firstName); q.setString("middleName", middleName); q.setString("lastName", lastName); List<Person> results = (List<Person>) q.list(); This did not sit well with me, since it seemed like I should not have to write that much, and well, that I was doing it wrong. So I kept digging and found another way: Session session = HibernateUtil.getSessionFactory().getCurrentSession(); Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction(); Criteria crit = session.createCriteria(Person.class); if (firstName != null) { crit.add(Expression.ge("firstName", firstName); } if (middleName != null) { crit.add(Expression.ge("middleName", middleName); } if (lastName != null) { crit.add(Expression.ge("lastName", lastName); } List<Person> results = (List<Person>) crit.list(); So what I am trying to figure out is which way is the preferred way for this type of query? Criteria or Query? Why? I am guessing that Criteria is the preferred way and you should only use Query when you need to write it by hand for performance type reasons. Am I close?

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  • ASP.NET MVC grid/table

    - by nivlam
    public class Person { public string First { get; set; } public string Last { get; set; } public int Age { get; set; } public IEnumerable<Child> Children { get; set; } } public class Child { public string First { get; set; } public string Last { get; set; } public int Age { get; set; } } I'm searching for a way to render a table from my model, which is of type IEnumerable<Person>. I'm trying to generate the following table: <table> <tr class="person"> <td>First 1</td> <td>Last 1</td> <td>1</td> </tr> <tr class="child"> <td>First 1</td> <td>Last 1</td> <td>1</td> </tr> <tr class="child"> <td>First 2</td> <td>Last 2</td> <td>2</td> </tr> ... ... </table> Each person is a row and each of their children would be individual rows under the person row. This would repeat for each person in IEnumerable<Person>. Are there any grids or components that generate a table like this? I found MvcContrib's grid component, but it doesn't appear to be able to generate these child rows. Is there a way to extend MvcContrib's grid to do this?

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  • Ninject with Object Initializers and LINQ

    - by Alexander Kahoun
    I'm new to Ninject so what I'm trying may not even be possible but I wanted to ask. I free-handed the below so there may be typos. Let's say I have an interface: public interface IPerson { string FirstName { get; set; } string LastName { get; set;} string GetFullName(); } And a concrete: public class Person : IPerson { public string FirstName { get; set; } public string LastName { get; set; } public string GetFullName() { return String.Concat(FirstName, " ", LastName); } } What I'm used to doing is something like this when I'm retrieving data from arrays or xml: public IEnumerable<IPerson> GetPeople(string xml) { XElement persons = XElement.Parse(xml); IEnumerable<IPerson> people = ( from person in persons.Descendants("person") select new Person { FirstName = person.Attribute("FName").Value, LastName = person.Attribute("LName").Value }).ToList(); return people; } I don't want to tightly couple the concrete to the interface in this manner. I haven't been able to find any information in regards to using Ninject with LINQ to Objects or with object initializers. I may be looking in the wrong places, but I've been searching for a day now with no luck at all. I was contemplating putting the kernel into an singleton instance and seeing if that would work, but I'm not sure that it will plus I've heard that passing your kernel around is a bad thing. I'm trying to implement this in a class library currently. If this is not possible, does anyone have any examples or suggestions as to what the best practice is in this case? Thanks in advance for the help. EDIT: Based on some of the answers I feel I should clarify. Yes, the example above appears short lived but it was simply an example of one piece that I was trying to do. Let's give a bigger picture. Say instead of XML I am gathering all my data through a 3rd party web service and I'm creating an interface for it, the data could be a defined object in the wsdl or it could sometimes be an xml string. IPerson could be used for both the Person object and a User object. I will be doing this inside of a separate class library, because it needs to be portable and will be used in other projects, and handing it to an MVC3 Web Application and the objects will be used in javascript as well. I appreciate all the input so far.

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  • How do I return clean JSON from a WCF Service?

    - by user208662
    I am trying to return some JSON from a WCF service. This service simply returns some content from my database. I can get the data. However, I am concerned about the format of my JSON. Currently, the JSON that gets returned is formatted like this: {"d":"[{\"Age\":35,\"FirstName\":\"Peyton\",\"LastName\":\"Manning\"},{\"Age\":31,\"FirstName\":\"Drew\",\"LastName\":\"Brees\"},{\"Age\":29,\"FirstName\":\"Tony\",\"LastName\":\"Romo\"}]"} In reality, I would like my JSON to be formatted as cleanly as possible. I believe (I may be incorrect), that the same collection of results, represented in clean JSON, should look like so: [{"Age":35,"FirstName":"Peyton","LastName":"Manning"},{"Age":31,"FirstName":"Drew","LastName":"Brees"},{"Age":29,"FirstName":"Tony","LastName":"Romo"}] I have no idea where the “d” is coming from. I also have no clue why the escape characters are being inserted. My entity looks like the following: [DataContract] public class Person { [DataMember] public string FirstName { get; set; } [DataMember] public string LastName { get; set; } [DataMember] public int Age { get; set; } public Person(string firstName, string lastName, int age) { this.FirstName = firstName; this.LastName = lastName; this.Age = age; } } The service that is responsible for returning the content is defined as: [ServiceContract(Namespace = "")] [AspNetCompatibilityRequirements(RequirementsMode = AspNetCompatibilityRequirementsMode.Allowed)] public class TestService { [OperationContract] [WebGet(ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json)] public string GetResults() { List<Person> results = new List<Person>(); results.Add(new Person("Peyton", "Manning", 35)); results.Add(new Person("Drew", "Brees", 31)); results.Add(new Person("Tony", "Romo", 29)); // Serialize the results as JSON DataContractJsonSerializer serializer = new DataContractJsonSerializer(results.GetType()); MemoryStream memoryStream = new MemoryStream(); serializer.WriteObject(memoryStream, results); // Return the results serialized as JSON string json = Encoding.Default.GetString(memoryStream.ToArray()); return json; } } How do I return “clean” JSON from a WCF service? Thank you!

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  • SQL query - choosing 'last updated' record in a group, better db design?

    - by Jimmy
    Hi, Let's say I have a MySQL database with 3 tables: table 1: Persons, with 1 column ID (int) table 2: Newsletters, with 1 column ID (int) table 3: Subscriptions, with columns Person_ID (int), Newsletter_ID (int), Subscribed (bool), Updated (Datetime) Subscriptions.Person_ID points to a Person, and Subscription.Newsletter_ID points to a Newsletter. Thus, each person may have 0 or more subscriptions to 0 or more magazines at once. The table Subscriptions will also store the entire history of each person's subscriptions to each newsletter. If a particular Person_ID-Newsletter_ID pair doesn't have a row in the Subscriptions table, then it's equivalent to that pair having a subscription status of 'false'. Here is a sample dataset Persons ID 1 2 3 Newsletters ID 4 5 6 Subscriptions Person_ID Newsletter_ID Subscribed Updated 2 4 true 2010-05-01 3 4 true 2010-05-01 3 5 true 2010-05-10 3 4 false 2010-05-15 Thus, as of 2010-05-16, Person 1 has no subscription, Person 2 has a subscription to Newsletter 4, and Person 3 has a subscription to Newsletter 5. Person 3 had a subscription to Newsletter 4 for a while, but not anymore. I'm trying to do 2 kinds of query. A query that shows everyone's active subscriptions as of query time (we can assume that updated will never be in the future -- thus, this means returning the record with the latest 'updated' value for each Person_ID-Newsletter_ID pair, as long as Subscribed is true (if the latest record for a Person_ID-Newsletter_ID pair has a Subscribed status of false, then I don't want that record returned)). A query that returns all active subscriptions for a specific newsletter - same qualification as in 1. regarding records with 'false' in the Subscribed column. I don't use SQL/databases often enough to tell if this design is good, or if the SQL queries needed would be slow on a database with, say, 1M records in the Subscriptions table. I was using the Visual query builder tool in Visual Studio 2010 but I can't even get the query to return the latest updated record for each Person_ID-Newsletter_ID pair. Is it possible to come up with SQL queries that don't involve using subqueries (presumably because they would become too slow with a larger data set)? If not, would it be a better design to have a separate Subscriptions_History table, and every time a subscription status for a Person_ID-Newsletter-ID pair is added to Subscriptions, any existing record for that pair is moved to Subscriptions_History (that way the Subscriptions table only ever contains the latest status update for any Person_ID-Newsletter_ID pair)? I'm using .net on Windows, so would it be easier (or the same, or harder) to do this kind of queries using Linq? Entity Framework? Thanks!

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  • How should I organize my C# classes? [closed]

    - by oscar.fimbres
    I'm creating an email generator system. I'm creating some clases and I'm trying to make things right. By the time, I have created 5 classes. Look at the class diagram: I'm going to explain you each one. Person. It's not a big deal. Just have two constructors: Person(fname, lname1, lname2) and Person(token, fname, lname1, lname2). Note that email property stays without value. StringGenerator. This is a static class and it has only a public function: Generate. The function receives a Person class and it will return a list of patterns for the email. MySql. It contains all the necessary to connect to a database. Database. This class inherits from MySql class. It has particular functions for the database. This gets all the registries from a table (function GetPeople) and return a List. Each person from the list contains all data except Email. Also it can add records (List but this must contains an available email). An available email is when an email doesn't have another person. For that reason, I have a method named ExistsEmail. Container. This is the class which is causing me some problems. It's like a temporary container. It supposed to have a people list from GetPeople (in Database class) and for each person it adds, it must generate a list of possible names (StringGenerator.Generate), then it selects one of the list and it must check out if exists in the database or in the same container. As I told above this is temporal, it may none of the possible emails is available. So the user can modify or enter a custom email available and update the list in this container. When all the email's people are available, it sends a list to add in the database, It must have a Flush method, to insert all the people in the database. I'm trying to design correct class. I need a little help to improve or edite the classes, because I want to separate the logic and visual, and learn of you. I hope you've been able to understand me. Any question or doubt, please let me know. Anyway, I attached the solution here to better understand it: http://www.megaupload.com/?d=D94FH8GZ

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  • ADO.NET (WCF) Data Services Query Interceptor Hangs IIS

    - by PreMagination
    I have an ADO.NET Data Service that's supposed to provide read-only access to a somewhat complex database. Logically I have table-per-type (TPT) inheritance in my data model but the EDM doesn't implement inheritance. (Limitation of EF and navigation properties on derived types. STILL not fixed in EF4!) I can query my EDM directly (using a separate project) using a copy of the query I'm trying to run against the web service, results are returned within 10 seconds. Disabling the query interceptors I'm able to make the same query against the web service, results are returned similarly quickly. I can enable some of the query interceptors and the results are returned slowly, up to a minute or so later. Alternatively, I can enable all the query interceptors, expand less of the properties on the main object I'm querying, and results are returned in a similar period of time. (I've increased some of the timeout periods) Up til this point Sql Profiler indicates the slow-down is the database. (That's a post for a different day) But when I enable all my query interceptors and expand all the properties I'd like to have the IIS worker process pegs the CPU for 20 minutes and a query is never even made against the database. This implies to me that yes, my implementation probably sucks but regardless the Data Services "tier" is having an issue it shouldn't. WCF tracing didn't reveal anything interesting to my untrained eye. Details: Data model: Agent-Person-Student Student has a collection of referrals Students and referrals are private, queries against the web service should only return "your" students and referrals. This means Person and Agent need to be filtered too. Other entities (Agent-Organization-School) can be accessed by anyone who has authenticated. The existing security model is poorly suited to perform this type of filtering for this type of data access, the query interceptors are complicated and cause EF to generate some entertaining sql queries. Sample Interceptor [QueryInterceptor("Agents")] public Expression<Func<Agent, Boolean>> OnQueryAgents() { //Agent is a Person(1), Educator(2), Student(3), or Other Person(13); allow if scope permissions exist return ag => (ag.AgentType.AgentTypeId == 1 || ag.AgentType.AgentTypeId == 2 || ag.AgentType.AgentTypeId == 3 || ag.AgentType.AgentTypeId == 13) && ag.Person.OrganizationPersons.Count<OrganizationPerson>(op => op.Organization.ScopePermissions.Any<ScopePermission> (p => p.ApplicationRoleAccount.Account.UserName == HttpContext.Current.User.Identity.Name && p.ApplicationRoleAccount.Application.ApplicationId == 124) || op.Organization.HierarchyDescendents.Any<OrganizationsHierarchy>(oh => oh.AncestorOrganization.ScopePermissions.Any<ScopePermission> (p => p.ApplicationRoleAccount.Account.UserName == HttpContext.Current.User.Identity.Name && p.ApplicationRoleAccount.Application.ApplicationId == 124))) > 0; } The query interceptors for Person, Student, Referral are all very similar, ie they traverse multiple same/similar tables to look for ScopePermissions as above. Sample Query var referrals = (from r in service.Referrals .Expand("Organization/ParentOrganization") .Expand("Educator/Person/Agent") .Expand("Student/Person/Agent") .Expand("Student") .Expand("Grade") .Expand("ProblemBehavior") .Expand("Location") .Expand("Motivation") .Expand("AdminDecision") .Expand("OthersInvolved") where r.DateCreated >= coupledays && r.DateDeleted == null select r); Any suggestions or tips would be greatly associated, for fixing my current implementation or in developing a new one, with the caveat that the database can't be changed and that ultimately I need to expose a large portion of the database via a web service that limits data access to the data authorized for, for the purpose of data integration with multiple outside parties. THANK YOU!!!

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  • Blackberry message text is all white on white cannot read - Outlook 2007

    - by johnny
    Hi, I have a user that has Outlook 2007. When a certain person sends her an email from their blackberry the text is all white. If you copy all the text and place it in Word and change the font color you can see the email. The recipient is the only person that has the trouble with email from the blackberry device from this certain person. Everyone else can see the bb messages fine. Any ideas on what to check? I made sure the theme was set to none and that all fonts selected were installed (changed it to arial.) All other emails sent to the recipient are fine from everyone. The user that sends from the blackberry also has a PC. When he sends emails from the machine it looks fine for the troubled recipient. It is only when sending from the bb to that certain person that we get the white on white "invisible" text. Thank you for any help.

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  • Mail.app doesn't detect sender in Address Book

    - by CoreSandello
    Hi there. I don't understand, how does 'smart addresses' in Mail.app work. Recently I mentioned, that for some emails I don't see person's full name in 'From' column. I started to dig into this behavior and found out, that I have few contacts in my Address Book, that are not recognized by Mail.app. Here how it looks: I have a person in Address Book with filled email entry and filled first/last name (localized). I have an incoming email from that person (from email specified in Address Book), but first/last name in the email itself doesn't match with ones specified in Address Book (e. g. 'From' field in email looks like 'John [work] <[email protected]>' while Address Book entry is 'John Smith' (localized, in Russian)). And Mail.app doesn't recognize that this mail is originating from that person in Address Book: if I click on 'From' field, it suggests to me to add sender to Address Book, while for others' emails I have 'Show in Address Book' menu entry (especially for ones with full localized name in 'From' field). I'm wondering, is that behavior correct or I'm missing something? I'm using Snow Leopard & Mail 4.0; my system language set to English, if that matters. I'd like to have some clarifications on that Mail.app behavior: whenever it fixable or not (and if it's fixable, I'd like to see a fix). By the way, is it possible to match sender's address against Address Book entry in filter rules or not? That would be great, if I can create rules like 'move all mail from that person to that folder' without specifying exact source address. Thanks, Ivan.

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  • How to make an excel formula which totals several agecent rows based on cell values

    - by Yishai
    I have an excel sheet with three columns: date, person and percentage. I would like to put in a data validation that flags cells if the total for a given data/person combination do not equal 100%. Is that possible? In other words, in the custom formula of a data validation, I would like to make the following type of formula. =if(sum( cells with a (date = the date on this row, person = person on this row))=1) Is there a function which will return the cells in a range conditioned on certain values, or will sum the cells. Note that if it is not possible to do two cells, I have no issue adding a cell which combines both values for the purpose of effecting the lookup.

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  • Reading email address from contacts fails with weird memory issue - Solved

    - by CapsicumDreams
    Hi all, I'm stumped. I'm trying to get a list of all the email address a person has. I'm using the ABPeoplePickerNavigationController to select the person, which all seems fine. I'm setting my ABRecordRef personDealingWith; from the person argument to - (BOOL)peoplePickerNavigationController:(ABPeoplePickerNavigationController *)peoplePicker shouldContinueAfterSelectingPerson:(ABRecordRef)person property:(ABPropertyID)property identifier:(ABMultiValueIdentifier)identifier { and everything seems fine up till this point. The first time the following code executes, all is well. When subsequently run, I can get issues. First, the code: // following line seems to make the difference (issue 1) // NSLog(@"%d", ABMultiValueGetCount(ABRecordCopyValue(personDealingWith, kABPersonEmailProperty))); // construct array of emails ABMultiValueRef multi = ABRecordCopyValue(personDealingWith, kABPersonEmailProperty); CFIndex emailCount = ABMultiValueGetCount(multi); if (emailCount > 0) { // collect all emails in array for (CFIndex i = 0; i < emailCount; i++) { CFStringRef emailRef = ABMultiValueCopyValueAtIndex(multi, i); [emailArray addObject:(NSString *)emailRef]; CFRelease(emailRef); } } // following line also matters (issue 2) CFRelease(multi); If compiled as written, the are no errors or static analysis problems. This crashes with a *** -[Not A Type retain]: message sent to deallocated instance 0x4e9dc60 error. But wait, there's more! I can fix it in either of two ways. Firstly, I can uncomment the NSLog at the top of the function. I get a leak from the NSLog's ABRecordCopyValue every time through, but the code seems to run fine. Also, I can comment out the CFRelease(multi); at the end, which does exactly the same thing. Static compilation errors, but running code. So without a leak, this function crashes. To prevent a crash, I need to haemorrhage memory. Neither is a great solution. Can anyone point out what's going on? Solution: It turned out that I wasn't storing the ABRecordRef personDealingWith var correctly. I'm still not sure how to do that properly, but instead of having the functionality in another routine (performed later), I'm now doing the grunt-work in the delegate method, and using the derived results at my leisure. The new (working) routine: - (BOOL)peoplePickerNavigationController:(ABPeoplePickerNavigationController *)peoplePicker shouldContinueAfterSelectingPerson:(ABRecordRef)person { // as soon as they select someone, return personDealingWithFullName = (NSString *)ABRecordCopyCompositeName(person); personDealingWithFirstName = (NSString *)ABRecordCopyValue(person, kABPersonFirstNameProperty); // construct array of emails [personDealingWithEmails removeAllObjects]; ABMutableMultiValueRef multi = ABRecordCopyValue(person, kABPersonEmailProperty); if (ABMultiValueGetCount(multi) > 0) { // collect all emails in array for (CFIndex i = 0; i < ABMultiValueGetCount(multi); i++) { CFStringRef emailRef = ABMultiValueCopyValueAtIndex(multi, i); [personDealingWithEmails addObject:(NSString *)emailRef]; CFRelease(emailRef); } } CFRelease(multi); return NO; }

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  • Pivot tables: How can I total the subtotal?

    - by Mike
    Person A needs £115, Person D £234 and Person G £789, but how do I SUM that and get it to show on the same ROW as the subtotal? The Rows are subscription names. The Value field holds the Cost per subscription. the Columns holds the name of the person who receives the subscription. I have GROUPED on YEAR & MONTH, and have a subtotal that shows me how much each person will need to pay each month for all their subscriptions, but I need a figure showing me the total of all the subscriptions per month. I've tried adding calculated fields, but I want to SUM the subtotals so I'm struggling to see the field I need to use. I've tried Grand Totals but that SUMS all rows and I really only want SUM the Subtotal Total Row. I need a nice neat report that my managers won't go white at when looking at it...to many numbers = fear and confusion. Anyway it got messy, so I've come for help. Cheers Mike.

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  • Mail.app doesn't detect sender in Address Book

    - by CoreSandello
    I don't understand, how does 'smart addresses' in Mail.app work. Recently I mentioned, that for some emails I don't see person's full name in 'From' column. I started to dig into this behavior and found out, that I have few contacts in my Address Book, that are not recognized by Mail.app. Here how it looks: I have a person in Address Book with filled email entry and filled first/last name (localized). I have an incoming email from that person (from email specified in Address Book), but first/last name in the email itself doesn't match with ones specified in Address Book (e. g. 'From' field in email looks like 'John [work] <[email protected]>' while Address Book entry is 'John Smith' (localized, in Russian)). And Mail.app doesn't recognize that this mail is originating from that person in Address Book: if I click on 'From' field, it suggests to me to add sender to Address Book, while for others' emails I have 'Show in Address Book' menu entry (especially for ones with full localized name in 'From' field). I'm wondering, is that behavior correct or I'm missing something? I'm using Snow Leopard & Mail 4.0; my system language set to English, if that matters. I'd like to have some clarifications on that Mail.app behavior: whenever it fixable or not (and if it's fixable, I'd like to see a fix). By the way, is it possible to match sender's address against Address Book entry in filter rules or not? That would be great, if I can create rules like 'move all mail from that person to that folder' without specifying exact source address. Thanks, Ivan.

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  • Linking to lua libraries w/ codeblocks on linux

    - by person
    After I downloaded the source for lua, I followed the install instructions, doing... make linux install make generic install I've also done the make test and it passes, printing out Hello World, from Lua 5.1. However, I can't link to the lua libraries in CodeBlocks. I know where lualib.a is (usr/local/lib) which I set in my Search Directories for the linker. I still get error messages like... undefined reference to lua_isstring Am I missing something critical here? P.S. I had this running on Windows via Visual Studio.

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  • Enabling vim file type plugin

    - by person
    In my .vimrc file I have this line.. filetype plugin indent on and then in ~/.vim/ftplugin/py.vimrc (I've also tried saving it as a .vim file) I've copied and pasted a vimrc file for python standards and have enabled all of the suggested settings in it (uncommented them). When I create and open a test.py file and do something like a tab, it goes 8 spaces instead of 4. Not sure what's going wrong.

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  • macbook video chat not working

    - by amit
    I am on a macbook. on ichat, i am unable to initialise video chat. I can see the other person's camera, but the other person is uanble to see mine. What could be the problem? Also, in iChat, if i right click on the other person's name, the option to "Invite to Video Chat" is greyed out. I am using Snow Leopard.

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  • duplicate data from another sheet in Excel

    - by Max
    I have a rather large Excel document with a lot of separate sheets in it. There is some info (email, last name, first name) that has to be the first three columns on each sheet. In order to be sure that no mistakes are made, I created a "Person" sheet that only contains those three columns. On the other sheets, I want to get the info from that Person sheet. I can get the email column in several ways (right now, I have =Person[Email] in that column), and then I use that to get the last name and first name. So, there isn't a problem getting the data into those other sheets; but now, I want to sort by last name or first name (this is all in a table). What happens is that if I sort by Name, then you can see a flash where it re-orders the entire table, but then the =Person[Email] gets run again and the first column resets back to the order that is in the Person sheet. So this is even worse--not only can't I sort properly, but now the entire table is messed up because all of the data is in name ascending order except for the email addresses which are in the default order. Is there a way to get the email column to replicate in all other sheets, but then stop updating so I can sort/etc? Thanks in advance

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  • Merging .net object graph

    - by Tiju John
    Hi guys, has anyone come across any scenario wherein you needed to merge one object with another object of same type, merging the complete object graph. for e.g. If i have a person object and one person object is having first name and other the last name, some way to merge both the objects into a single object. public class Person { public Int32 Id { get; set; } public string FirstName { get; set; } public string LastName { get; set; } } public class MyClass { //both instances refer to the same person, probably coming from different sources Person obj1 = new Person(); obj1.Id=1; obj1.FirstName = "Tiju"; Person obj2 = new Person(); ojb2.Id=1; obj2.LastName = "John"; //some way of merging both the object obj1.MergeObject(obj2); //?? //obj1.Id // = 1 //obj1.FirstName // = "Tiju" //obj1.LastName // = "John" } I had come across such type of requirement and I wrote an extension method to do the same. public static class ExtensionMethods { private const string Key = "Id"; public static IList MergeList(this IList source, IList target) { Dictionary itemData = new Dictionary(); //fill the dictionary for existing list string temp = null; foreach (object item in source) { temp = GetKeyOfRecord(item); if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(temp)) itemData[temp] = item; } //if the same id exists, merge the object, otherwise add to the existing list. foreach (object item in target) { temp = GetKeyOfRecord(item); if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(temp) && itemData.ContainsKey(temp)) itemData[temp].MergeObject(item); else source.Add(item); } return source; } private static string GetKeyOfRecord(object o) { string keyValue = null; Type pointType = o.GetType(); if (pointType != null) foreach (PropertyInfo propertyItem in pointType.GetProperties()) { if (propertyItem.Name == Key) { keyValue = (string)propertyItem.GetValue(o, null); } } return keyValue; } public static object MergeObject(this object source, object target) { if (source != null && target != null) { Type typeSource = source.GetType(); Type typeTarget = target.GetType(); //if both types are same, try to merge if (typeSource != null && typeTarget != null && typeSource.FullName == typeTarget.FullName) if (typeSource.IsClass && !typeSource.Namespace.Equals("System", StringComparison.InvariantCulture)) { PropertyInfo[] propertyList = typeSource.GetProperties(); for (int index = 0; index < propertyList.Length; index++) { Type tempPropertySourceValueType = null; object tempPropertySourceValue = null; Type tempPropertyTargetValueType = null; object tempPropertyTargetValue = null; //get rid of indexers if (propertyList[index].GetIndexParameters().Length == 0) { tempPropertySourceValue = propertyList[index].GetValue(source, null); tempPropertyTargetValue = propertyList[index].GetValue(target, null); } if (tempPropertySourceValue != null) tempPropertySourceValueType = tempPropertySourceValue.GetType(); if (tempPropertyTargetValue != null) tempPropertyTargetValueType = tempPropertyTargetValue.GetType(); //if the property is a list IList ilistSource = tempPropertySourceValue as IList; IList ilistTarget = tempPropertyTargetValue as IList; if (ilistSource != null || ilistTarget != null) { if (ilistSource != null) ilistSource.MergeList(ilistTarget); else propertyList[index].SetValue(source, ilistTarget, null); } //if the property is a Dto else if (tempPropertySourceValue != null || tempPropertyTargetValue != null) { if (tempPropertySourceValue != null) tempPropertySourceValue.MergeObject(tempPropertyTargetValue); else propertyList[index].SetValue(source, tempPropertyTargetValue, null); } } } } return source; } } However, this works when the source property is null, if target has it, it will copy that to source. IT can still be improved to merge when inconsistencies are there e.g. if FirstName="Tiju" and FirstName="John" Any commments appreciated. Thanks TJ

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  • Color Schemes don't look right in CLI vim

    - by person
    I was having a bit of trouble reading the dark red strings of Vim's default color scheme, so I decided to switch to a different one. http://code.google.com/p/vimcolorsch...kboard.vim?r=2 http://files.werx.dk/wombat.vim However, when I set my color schemes to these, not only do they not come out correctly (for example, comments are bright blue), but these 2 somehow come out looking exactly the same! Am I doing something wrong, or are these colors restricted in the terminal so default colors are being chosen?

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  • Calendar invites go out OK, acknowldegements don't come back, using exchange server

    - by Robert Olsen
    When I send an invite it goew out OK, however, I don't get an acceptances acknowledgement back. Both I and the person who got the invite are on exchange. When the person who got the invite sends an email responce there is a .ics mini-attachment. When I click on the .ics attachment it doesn't put anything in the calander, it just points to the contact for the person I sent the inviter to.

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