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• Why the macros in Objective-C / Cocoa?

  - by Joe

  I'm coming from a place without macros (Java/Python/C#/Scala) so perhaps my perspective is distorted but... Why are macros used in Cocoa? Two that spring to mind are NSLocalizedString and NSAssert (and STAssert). Would it be so hard / unsuitable to make them functions (which could be inlined)? I suppose I find them a little bizarre as an unnecessary throw-back to C (and yes, I am familiar with the pedigree of Obj-C). Is it just something that was done back in the day or is there a specific reason?

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• P/Invoke or C++/CLI for wrapping a C library

  - by Ian G

  Have a moderate size (40-odd function) C API that needs to be called from a C# project. The functions logically break up to form a few classes that will be API presented to the rest of the project. Are there any objective reasons to prefer P/Invoke or C++/CLI for the interoperability underneath that API, in terms of robustness, maintainability, deployment, ...? The issues I could think of that might be, but aren't problematic are: C++/CLI will require an separate assembly, the P/Invoke classes can be in the main assembly. (We've already got multiple assemblies and there'll be the C dlls anyway so not a major issue). Performance doesn't seem differ noticeable between the two methods. Issues that I'm not sure about are: My feeling is C++/CLI will be easier to debug if there's inter-op problem, is this true? Language familiarity enough people know C# and C++ but knowledge of details of C++/CLI are rarer here. Anything else?

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• What is the most useful R trick?

  - by Dirk Eddelbuettel

  In order to share some more tips and tricks for R, what is you single-most useful feature or trick? Clever vectorization? Data input/output? Visualization and graphics? Statistical analysis? Special functions? The interactive environment itself? One item per post, and we will see if we get a winner by means of votes. [Edit 25-Aug 2008]: So after one week, it seems that the simple str() won the poll. As I like to recommend that one myself, it is an easy answer to accept.

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• Is there any Prototype Javascript function similar to Jquery Live to trace dynamic dom elements?

  - by Wbdvlpr

  Hi Event.observe(window,"load",function() { $$(".elem_classs").findAll(function(node){ return node.getAttribute('title'); }).each(function(node){ new Tooltip(node,node.title); node.removeAttribute("title"); }); }); Using above method, I can retrieve all elements having ".elem_class" and apply some javascript functions on them. But I have a modal/popup box which has some elements also having ".elem_class" and these dont get in the scope of findAll/each as they are loaded into the dom thru ajax. How do I apply the same to dynamically loaded elements as well? I am using Prototype Library. (I have used JQuery's Live function which keeps track of all future elements, but need to achieve something similar using Prototype) Thanks.

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• What are the implications of having an "implicit declaration of function" warning in C?

  - by SiegeX

  As the question states, what exactly are the implications of having the 'implicit declaration of function' warning? We just cranked up the warning flags on gcc and found quite a few instances of these warnings and I'm curious what type of problems this may have caused prior to fixing them? Also, why is this a warning and not an error. How is gcc even able to successfully link this executable? As you can see in the example below, the executable functions as expected. Take the following two files for example: file1.c #include <stdio.h> int main(void) { funcA(); return 0; } file2.c #include <stdio.h> void funcA(void) { puts("hello world"); } Compile & Output $ gcc -Wall -Wextra -c file1.c file2.c file1.c: In function 'main': file1.c:3: warning: implicit declaration of function 'funcA' $ gcc -Wall -Wextra file1.o file2.o -o test.exe $ ./test.exe hello world

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• How can I check that I didn't break anything when refactoring?

  - by Nathan Fellman

  I'm about to embark on a bout of refactoring of some functions in my code. I have a nice amount of unit tests that will ensure I didn't break anything, but I'm not sure about the coverage they give me. Are there any tools that can analyze the code and see that the functionality remains the same? I plan to refactor some rather isolated code, so I don't need to check the entire program, just the areas that I'm working on. For context, the code I'm working on is in C/C++, and I work in Linux with GCC and VIM.

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• Help using the Office Interop for Word and Outlook 2007 in VB.NET

  - by vhorsen

  I need to start utilizing the interop in my programs to automate several functions in Word and Outlook and I was checking if anyone knew a good place to start. My ultimate goal is for my program to kick off a mail merge, create several different files and save them accordingly, then e-mail the different files to different people based upon who needs what. So any help on learning how to use the interop properly would be greatly appreciated. I am currently using Visual Studio 2008 and Office 2007 and use vb.net to write my programs. Thank you in advance.

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• WPF with code only

  - by rwallace

  I've seen a lot of questions about the merits of WPF here, and essentially every answer says it's the bee's knees, but essentially every answer also talks about things like XAML, in many cases graphic designers and Expression Blend etc. My question is, is it worth getting into WPF if you're a solo coder working in C# only? Specifically, I don't have a graphic designer, nor any great talent in that area myself; I don't use point-and-click tools; I write everything in C#, not XML. Winforms works fine in those conditions. Is the same true of WPF, or does it turn out that important functions can only be done in XAML, the default settings aren't intended for actual use and you have to have a graphic designer on the team to make things look good, etc., and somebody in my position would be better off to stick to Winforms?

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• Must a Language that Implements Monads be Statically Typed?

  - by Morgan Cheng

  I am learning functional programming style. From this link http://channel9.msdn.com/shows/Going+Deep/Brian-Beckman-Dont-fear-the-Monads/, Brian Beckman gave a brilliant introduction about Monad. He mentioned that Monad is about composition of functions so as to address complexity. A Monad includes a unit function that transfers type T to an amplified type M(T); and a Bind function that, given function from T to M(U), transforms type M(T) to another type M(U). (U can be T, but is not necessarily). In my understanding, the language implementing monad should be type-checked statically. Otherwise, type errors cannot be found during compilation and "Complexity" is not controlled. Is my understanding correct?

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• How do you use Exslt.dyn (especially the 'evaluate' method) in Umbraco?

  - by jeffreypriebe

  I am trying to execute the string contained in an XSL variable. Umbraco has hooks for several Exslt pieces, but it seems the Exslt.dyn (Exslt.dynamic) is not one of them. How do you add it in? Acceptable methods (in order of preference: Writing your own XSLT extension (possibly using existing Umbraco code for Exslt Dynamic). Uploading the XSL from http://www.exslt.org/dyn/functions/evaluate/index.html into Umbraco. Modifying the Umbraco source to add it (possibly using existing Umbraco code for Exslt Dynamic). The reason I mention Exslt Dyanmic is because some Umbraco XSLT sources show a reference that I am assuming existing in some versions of Umbraco. I cannot find it in the source code, however. (Example: the XSL sources pasted in here: http://our.umbraco.org/projects/starter-kits/business-website-starter-pack/general-%28bugs,-feedback,-feature-requests%29/8085-Changing-the-first-day-to-fx-monday)

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• Is there a language designed for code golf?

  - by J S

  I am not really a fan of code golf, but I have to wonder, is there an esoteric language designed for it? I mean a language with following properties: Common programs may be expressed in very short amount of characters It uses ASCII character set effectively (for example, common operators are not identifiers, so they don't have to be separated by whitespace, character usage is distributed more or less evenly because we cannot use Huffman coding and so on) Except the terse syntax, it should have very expressible and clean semantics (like, let's say, Python or Scheme); it shouldn't be difficult to program in It doesn't need features for large scale programs, such as OOP, but it definitely should allow custom functions and data structures It should have a large standard library, identifiers in this library should be as short as possible Maybe it should be called CG? Languages that can be a source of inspiration are Forth, APL and Joy.

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• Why use event listeners over function calls?

  - by Organiccat

  I've been studying event listeners lately and I think I've finally gotten them down. Basically, they are functions that are called on another object's method. My question is, why create an event listener when calling the function will work just fine? Example, I want to call player.display_health(), and when this is fired, the method player.get_health() should be fired and stored so that display_health() has access to it. Why should I use an event listener over simply calling the function? Even if display_health() were in another object, this still doesn't appear to be a problem to me. If you have another example that fits the usage better, please let me know. Perhaps particular languages don't benefit from it as much? (Javascript, PHP, ASP?)

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• correct way to store an exception in a variable

  - by Evan Teran

  I have an API which internally has some exceptions for error reporting. The basic structure is that it has a root exception object which inherits from std::exception, then it will throw some subclass of that. Since catching an exception thrown in one library and catching it in another can lead to undefined behavior (at least Qt complains about it and disallows it in many contexts). I would like to wrap the library calls in functions which will return a status code, and if an exception occurred, a copy of the exception object. What is the best way to store an exception (with it's polymorphic behavior) for later use? I believe that the c++0x futures API makes use of something like this. So what is the best approach? The best I can think of is to have a clone() method in each exception class which will return a pointer to an exception of the same type. But that's not very generic and doesn't deal with standard exceptions at all. Any thoughts?

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• What is the easiest way to loop through a folder of files in C#?

  - by badpanda

  I am new to C# and am trying to write a program that navigates the local file system using a config file containing relevant filepaths. My question is this: What are the best practices to use when performing file I/O (this will be from the desktop app to a server and back) and file system navigation in C#? I know how to google, and I have found several solutions, but I would like to know which of the various functions is most robust and flexible. As well, if anyone has any tips regarding exception handling for C# file I/O that would also be very helpful. Thanks!!! badPanda

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• calling a function without knowing the number of parameters in advance

  - by Sourabh Bose

  suppose i have a dll with 2 functions.name of dll="dll1" f1(int a, int b, int c); f2(int a); my program would take the funtion name ,the dll name and a "list" of parameters as input. how would i call the appropriate function with its appropriate parameters. i.e, if input is dll1 f1 list(5,8,9) this would require me to call f1 with 3 parameters if input was dll1 f2 list(8) it would require me to call f2 with one parameter how would i call the function without knowing the number of parameters in advance. further clarification: how do I write code that will call any function with all its arguments by building the argument list dynamically using some other source of information

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• Data Access Layer in an ASP.NET website

  - by user3519124

  :) i have a DAL class file in my project, that my teacher sent me and explained to me but i did not really understand it. It has number of functions, and I understand only few of them, like with connecting to the database or creating a command object but there are 2 that I dont understand: public static DataTable GetTable(string str) { OleDbConnection con = DAL.GetConnection(); OleDbCommand cmd = DAL.GetCommand(con, str); DataTable dt = new DataTable(); OleDbDataAdapter adp = new OleDbDataAdapter(); adp.SelectCommand = cmd; adp.Fill(dt); return dt; } public static int ExecuteNonQuery(string str) { int num = -1; OleDbConnection con = DAL.GetConnection(); con.Open(); if (con.State == ConnectionState.Open) { OleDbCommand cmd = DAL.GetCommand(con, str); num = cmd.ExecuteNonQuery(); con.Close(); } return num; } thank you :)

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• How to disable log4j logging from Java code

  - by Erel Segal Halevi

  I use a legacy library that writes logs using log4j. My default log4j.properties file directs the log to the console, but in some specific functions of my main program, I would like to disable logging altogether (from all classes). I tried this: Logger.getLogger(BasicImplementation.class.getName()).setLevel(Level.OFF); where "BasicImplementation" is one of the main classes that does logging, but it didn't work - the logs are still written to the console. Here is my log4j.properties: log4j.rootLogger=warn, stdout log4j.logger.ac.biu.nlp.nlp.engineml=info, logfile log4j.logger.org.BIU.utils.logging.ExperimentLogger=warn log4j.appender.stdout = org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender log4j.appender.stdout.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern = %-5p %d{HH:mm:ss} [%t]: %m%n log4j.appender.logfile = ac.biu.nlp.nlp.log.BackupOlderFileAppender log4j.appender.logfile.append=false log4j.appender.logfile.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout log4j.appender.logfile.layout.ConversionPattern = %-5p %d{HH:mm:ss} [%t]: %m%n log4j.appender.logfile.File = logfile.log

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• Restrict violation of architecture - asp.net MVP

  - by Srikanth

  If we had a defined hierarchy in an application. For ex a 3 - tier architecture, how do we restrict subsequent developers from violating the norms? For ex, in case of MVP (not asp.net MVC) architecture, the presenter should always bind the model and view. This helps in writing proper unit test programs. However, we had instances where people directly imported the model in view and called the functions violating the norms and hence the test cases couldn't be written properly. Is there a way we can restrict which classes are allowed to inherit from a set of classes? I am looking at various possibilities, including adopting a different design pattern, however a new approach should be worth the code change involved.

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• Can PHP Perform Magic Instantiation?

  - by Aiden Bell

  Despite PHP being a pretty poor language and ad-hoc set of libraries ... of which the mix of functions and objects, random argument orders and generally ill-thought out semantics mean constant WTF moments.... ... I will admit, it is quite fun to program in and is fairly ubiquitous. (waiting for Server-side JavaScript to flesh out though) question: Given a class class RandomName extends CommonAppBase {} is there any way to automatically create an instance of any class extending CommonAppBase without explicitly using new? As a rule there will only be one class definition per PHP file. And appending new RandomName() to the end of all files is something I would like to eliminate. The extending class has no constructor; only CommonAppBase's constructor is called. Strange question, but would be nice if anyone knows a solution. Thanks in advance, Aiden (btw, my PHP version is 5.3.2) Please state version restrictions with any answer.

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• Which is better: string html generation or jquery DOM element creation?

  - by Ed Woodcock

  Ok, I'm rewriting some vanilla JS functions in my current project, and I'm at a point where there's a lot of HTML being generated for tooltips etc. My question is, is it better/preferred to do this: var html = '<div><span>Some More Stuff</span></div>'; if (someCondition) { html += '<div>Some Conditional Content</div>'; } $('#parent').append(html); OR var html = $('<div/>').append($('<span/>').append('Some More Stuff')); if (someCondition) { html.append($('<div/>').append('Some conditionalContent'); } $('#parent').append(html); ?

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• How do I get bison/flex to restart scanning after something like token substitution?

  - by chucknelson

  Is there a way to force bison and/or flex to restart scanning after I replace some token with something else? My particular example would be with replacement for a specific word/string. If I want a word of hello to be replaced by echo hello, how can I get flex or bison to replace hello and then start parsing again (to pick up 2 words instead of just one). So it would be like: Get token WORD (which is a string type) If hello, replace token value with echo hello Restart parsing entire input (which is now echo hello) Get token WORD (echo) Get token WORD (hello) I've seen very tempting functions like yyrestart(), but I don't really understand what that function in particular really accomplishes. Any help is greatly appreciated, thanks!

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• PHP - Frameworks, ORM, Encapsulation.

  - by Ian

  Programming languages/environments aside, are there many developers who are using a framework in PHP, ORM and still abide by encapsulation for the DAL/BLL? I'm managing a team of a few developers and am finding that most of the frameworks require me to do daily code inspection because my developers are using the built in ORM. Right now, I've been using a tool to generate the classes and CRUD myself, with an area for them to write additional queries/functions. What's been happening though, is they are creating vulnerabilities by not doing proper checks on data permission, or allowing the key fields to be manipulated in the form. Any suggestions, other than get a new team and a new language (I've seen Python/Ruby frameworks have the same issues).

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• cross-domain data with AJAX using JSONP

  - by kooshka

  I'm trying to get data from Geobytes. One of the templates returns JSON and I need to cross-domain access it. I wrote these 2 functions function getCountry(ip) { var surl = "http://www.geobytes.com/IpLocator.htm?GetLocation&template=json.txt"; $.ajax({ url: surl, data: '{"ipaddress":"' + ip + '"}', dataType: "jsonp", jsonp: "callback", jsonpCallback: "jsonpcallback" }); } function jsonpcallback(rtndata) { alert(rtndata.message); } The call is executed but I get 1 warning: Resource interpreted as Script but transferred with MIME type text/html: "http://www.geobytes.com/IpLocator.htm?GetLocation&template=json.txt&callback=jsonpcallback&{%22ipaddress%22:%22200.167.254.166%22}&_=1353148931121" 1 Error: Uncaught SyntaxError: Unexpected token : The error is thrown on the returned data at {"geobytes":{"countryid":117, I think is maybe because it's 117 and not "117" but I obviously can't control the returned data How can I fix these 2 issues?

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• OpenAL device, buffer and context relationship

  - by Markus

  I'm trying to create an object oriented model to wrap OpenAL and have a little problem understanding the devices, buffers and contexts. From what I can see in the Programmer's Guide, there are multiple devices, each of which can have multiple contexts as well as multiple buffers. Each context has a listener, and the alListener*() functions all operate on the listener of the active context. (Meaning that I have to make another context active first if I wanted to change it's listener, if I got that right.) So far, so good. What irritates me though is that I need to pass a device to the alcCreateContext() function, but none to alGenBuffers(). How does this work then? When I open multiple devices, on which device are the buffers created? Are the buffers shared between all devices? What happens to the buffers if I close all open devices? (Or is there something I missed?)

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• Functional languages & support for memoization

  - by Joel

  Do any of the current crop of popular functional languages have good support for memoization & if I was to pick one on the strength of its memoisation which would you recommend & why? Update: I'm looking to optimise a directed graph (where nodes could be functions or data). When a node in the graph is updated I would like the values of other nodes to be recalculated only if they depend the node that changed. Update2: require free or open-source language/runtime.

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