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• How does the "Fourth Dimension" work with arrays?

  - by Questionmark

  Abstract: So, as I understand it (although I have a very limited understanding), there are three dimensions that we (usually) work with physically: The 1st would be represented by a line. The 2nd would be represented by a square. The 3rd would be represented by a cube. Simple enough until we get to the 4th -- It is kinda hard to draw in a 3D space, if you know what I mean... Some people say that it has something to do with time. The Question: Now, that is all great with me. My question isn't about this, or I'd be asking it on MathSO or PhysicsSO. My question is: How does the computer handle this with arrays? I know that you can create 4D, 5D, 6D, etc... arrays in many different programming languages, but I want to know how that works.

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• What layer to introduce human readable error messages?

  - by MrLane

  One of the things that I have never been happy with on any project I have worked on over the years and have really not been able to resolve myself is exactly at what tier in an application should human readable error information be retrieved for display to a user. A common approach that has worked well has been to return strongly typed/concrete "result objects" from the methods on the public surface of the business tier/API. A method on the interface may be: public ClearUserAccountsResult ClearUserAccounts(ClearUserAccountsParam param); And the result class implementation: public class ClearUserAccountsResult : IResult { public readonly List<Account> ClearedAccounts{get; set;} public readonly bool Success {get; set;} // Implements IResult public readonly string Message{get; set;} // Implements IResult, human readable // Constructor implemented here to set readonly properties... } This works great when the API needs to be exposed over WCF as the result object can be serialized. Again this is only done on the public surface of the API/business tier. The error message can also be looked up from the database, which means it can be changed and localized. However, it has always been suspect to me, this idea of returning human readable information from the business tier like this, partly because what constitutes the public surface of the API may change over time...and it may be the case that the API will need to be reused by other API components in the future that do not need the human readable string messages (and looking them up from a database would be an expensive waste). I am thinking a better approach is to keep the business objects free from such result objects and keep them simple and then retrieve human readable error strings somewhere closer to the UI layer or only in the UI itself, but I have two problems here: 1) The UI may be a remote client (Winforms/WPF/Silverlight) or an ASP.NET web application hosted on another server. In these cases the UI will have to fetch the error strings from the server. 2) Often there are multiple legitimate modes of failure. If the business tier becomes so vague and generic in the way it returns errors there may not be enough information exposed publicly to tell what the error actually was: i.e: if a method has 3 modes of legitimate failure but returns a boolean to indicate failure, you cannot work out what the appropriate message to display to the user should be. I have thought about using failure enums as a substitute, they can indicate a specific error that can be tested for and coded against. This is sometimes useful within the business tier itself as a way of passing via method returns the specifics of a failure rather than just a boolean, but it is not so good for serialization scenarios. Is there a well worn pattern for this? What do people think? Thanks.

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• Hints to properly design UML class diagram

  - by mic4ael

  Here is the problem. I have just started learning UML and that is why I would like to ask for a few cues from experienced users how I could improve my diagram because I do know it lacks a lot of details, it has mistakes for sure etc. Renovation company hires workers. Each employee has some kind of profession, which is required to work on a particular position. Workers work in groups consisting of at most 15 members - so called production units, which specializes in a specified kind of work. Each production unit is managed by a foreman. Every worker in order to be able to perform job tasks needs proper accessories. There are two kind of tools - light and heavy. To use heavy tools, a worker must have proper privileges. A worker can have at most 3 light tools taken from the warehouse.

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• Design Patterns for these scenarios

  - by user1899749

  Please help me to find design patterns for following situations. Situation 1: how can a smart robot use Wi-Fi? Situation 2: How can a Smart robot automatically go to rechargeable unit while there is no remote signal? Situation 3: Voice recognition component (If homeowner itself at home and motion detection is off then how can Smart Robot voice recognition component will recognize those very sensitive sentences) Situation 4: Motion detection component (How can Smart Robot send video stream on cell phone while homeowner/resident driving) I am looking for the design patterns for above Situations to answer following question. if not using design patterns, then what’re the difficulties?

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• Finding the order of a set's elements

  - by Maciej Stachowski

  A little rephrased, in the form of a game, real-life problem: Suppose there is a set of elements {1, 2, ..., n}. Player A has chosen a single permutation of this set. Player B wants to find out the order of the elements by asking questions of form "Is X earlier in the permutation than Y?", where X and Y are elements of the set. Assuming B wants to minimize the amount of questions, how many times would he have to ask, and what would be the algorithm?

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• Seeking solution for printing-reporting .NET

  - by Parhs

  I am developing an application that prints in separate threads in extreme cases about 20-25 pages per minute to various thermal printers. Currently templates for these are XAML xps documents. All printers have graphics drivers that support EMF/GDI printing. So GDI-EMF is done by operating system resulting in slower performance. Sending raw text for printing is another good solution but doesnt work always , because some clients have old chinese thermal printer that nobody support thus impossible to change codepage / emulation. So it doesnt work always. Also most computers running my software are low end ATOM CPU. So I am thinking to return to GDI, EMF printing and have both Text-Only reports and EMF reports. Another reason i want EMF is because here receipts are signed by Electronic Fiscal Memory device.Most of these dont do good job extracting text from XPS as they dont follow the standard but how windows convert GDI to XPS.Even with text-only mode some of them dont support all character encodings and are impossible to send paper cut command after the sign. I know that using a reporting engine would solve rendering problem but I dont want to buy one. All I want is to be able to show tabular data and insert an image and replaced text.I know there is StringTemplate that could do the generation of template but the problem is i should parse somehow the template and render it using GDI commands. Is there any other solution/approach for this ? Or is there anything ready ?

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• Can I release complementary Windows 8 and WP8 apps on their respective stores?

  - by Clay Shannon

  I am creating a pair of apps, one to run preferably on tablets, but also laptops and PCs, and the other for WP8. These apps are complementary - having one is of no use without the other. I know there is a Windows Store, and a Windows Phone store, so one would be released on one, and one on the other. My question is: as these apps are useless by themselves (although in most cases it won't be the same people running both apps), will there be a problem with offering these useless-when-used-alone apps? IOW: Person A will use the Windows 8 app to interact with some people that have the WP8 app installed; those with the WP8 app will interact with a person or people who have the Windows 8 app installed. What I'm worried about is if these apps go through a certification process where they must be useful "standalone" - is that the case?

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• Finding links among many written and spoken thoughts

  - by Peter Fren

  So... I am using a digital voice recorder to record anything I see important, ranging from business to private, from rants to new business ideas. Every finalized idea is one wma-file. I wrote a program to sort the wma-files into folders. From time to time I listen to the wma-files, convert them to text(manually) and insert them into a mindmap with mindmanager, which I sort hierarchically by area and type in turn. This works very well, no idea is being lost, when I am out of ideas for a special topic, I listen to what I said and can get started again. What could a search system look like that finds links between thoughts(written in the mindmap and in the wma files) or in general gives me good search results even when the keyword I searched for is not present but a synonym of it or related topic(for instance flower should output entries containing orchid aswell, even if they contain orchid but not the very keyword flower). I prefer something ready-made but small adjustments to a given system are fine aswell. How would you approach this task?

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• Difference between bug, defect and flaw

  - by Hossein

  I was reading "Software Security: Building Security In" and in the first chapter I faced with 3 terms: bug, defect and flaw. The author gave a definition for each of them but I couldn't completely understand these. Can someone give me some examples for each term? What is a defect and what is a flaw? I think I know what bug is, a bug is a malfunction of a part of system which produces undesirable result, be it crashing on a wrong input or miscalculating a series of computations. Can someone elaborate more and correct me if I am wrong in this? UPDATE To be more precise in the book I mentioned above, they (the words) are presented in a way to make a distinction, that's why I am asking to know more. In that book there are some examples denoting which sample belongs to what and which category. For example: Buffer overflow is said to be a bug and issues in method overriding (subclassing issues) is being related to flaw category. Again race condition handling issues are considered bugs and Error-handling problems (fails open) are told to be flaws! I want more elaboration on these regards.

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• Why is using C++ libraries is so complicated?

  - by Pius

  First of all, I want to note I love C++ and I'm one of those people who thinks it is easier to code in C++ than Java. Except for one tiny thing: libraries. In Java you can simply add some jar to the build path and you're done. In C++ you usually have to set multiple paths for the header files and the library itself. In some cases, you even have to use special build flags. I have mainly used Visual Studio, Code Blocks and no IDE at all. All 3 options do not differ much when talking about using external libraries. I wonder why was there made no simpler alternative for this? Like having a special .zip file that has everything you need in one place so the IDE can do all the work for you setting up the build flags. Is there any technical barrier for this?

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• When to use identity comparison instead of equals?

  - by maaartinus

  I wonder why would anybody want to use identity comparison for fields in equals, like here (Java syntax): class C { private A a; public boolean equals(Object other) { // standard boring prelude if (other==this) return true; if (other==null) return false; if (other.getClass() != this.getClass()) return false; C c = (C) other; // the relevant part if (c.a != this.a) return false; // more tests... and then return true; } // getter, setters, hashCode, ... } Using == is a bit faster than equals and a bit shorter (due to no need for null tests), too, but in what cases (if any) you'd say it's really better to use == for fields inside equals?

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• Authenticating users for a website

  - by MCB

  I'm working on a website and I want to validate that an individual is an employee at one of a large number of companies (probably using their company's email address, which I don't know before hand). The idea being some users are the general public and others are from these companies. And I need some way to authenticate that the users claiming to be employees are being honest while still having a friendly enough UI. I did an informal survey of people I know and the domains and emails will match in a majority of cases but they might not always match exactly so you might have a company with a website foo.com and an email [email protected] (although foobar.com did redirect back to foo.com). And while I can easily check that I'm not sure what other variations might be out there (maybe fooLA.com and email [email protected], etc.)

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• Script language native extensions - avoiding name collisions and cluttering others' namespace

  - by H2CO3

  I have developed a small scripting language and I've just started writing the very first native library bindings. This is practically the first time I'm writing a native extension to a script language, so I've run into a conceptual issue. I'd like to write glue code for popular libraries so that they can be used from this language, and because of the design of the engine I've written, this is achieved using an array of C structs describing the function name visible by the virtual machine, along with a function pointer. Thus, a native binding is really just a global array variable, and now I must obviously give it a (preferably good) name. In C, it's idiomatic to put one's own functions in a "namespace" by prepending a custom prefix to function names, as in myscript_parse_source() or myscript_run_bytecode(). The custom name shall ideally describe the name of the library which it is part of. Here arises the confusion. Let's say I'm writing a binding for libcURL. In this case, it seems reasonable to call my extension library curl_myscript_binding, like this: MYSCRIPT_API const MyScriptExtFunc curl_myscript_lib[10]; But now this collides with the curl namespace. (I have even thought about calling it curlmyscript_lib but unfortunately, libcURL does not exclusively use the curl_ prefix -- the public APIs contain macros like CURLCODE_* and CURLOPT_*, so I assume this would clutter the namespace as well.) Another option would be to declare it as myscript_curl_lib, but that's good only as long as I'm the only one who writes bindings (since I know what I am doing with my namespace). As soon as other contributors start to add their own native bindings, they now clutter the myscript namespace. (I've done some research, and it seems that for example the Perl cURL binding follows this pattern. Not sure what I should think about that...) So how do you suggest I name my variables? Are there any general guidelines that should be followed?

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• Should a poll framework be closed sourced

  - by samquo

  I was having a chat with a coworker who is working on a polling app and framework. He was asking technical questions and I suggested he open source the application to get more quality opinions from developers who are interested in this problem and are willing to give it heavy though. He has a different point of view which I think is still valid so I want to open this question for discussion here. He says he believes something like a polling framework should not be open sourced because it will reduce its security and validity as people reveal loopholes through which they can cheat. Can't say I completely disagree. I see a somewhat valid point there, but I always believed that solutions by a group of people are almost always better than a solution thought by a single person asking a small number of coworkers, no matter how smart that person is. Again I'm willing to accept that maybe some types of applications are different. Does anyone have an argument in his favor? I'd really like to present your responses to him.

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• Recommened design pattern to handle multiple compression algorithms for a class hierarchy

  - by sgorozco

  For all you OOD experts. What would be the recommended way to model the following scenario? I have a certain class hierarchy similar to the following one: class Base { ... } class Derived1 : Base { ... } class Derived2 : Base { ... } ... Next, I would like to implement different compression/decompression engines for this hierarchy. (I already have code for several strategies that best handle different cases, like file compression, network stream compression, legacy system compression, etc.) I would like the compression strategy to be pluggable and chosen at runtime, however I'm not sure how to handle the class hierarchy. Currently I have a tighly-coupled design that looks like this: interface ICompressor { byte[] Compress(Base instance); } class Strategy1Compressor : ICompressor { byte[] Compress(Base instance) { // Common compression guts for Base class ... // if( instance is Derived1 ) { // Compression guts for Derived1 class } if( instance is Derived2 ) { // Compression guts for Derived2 class } // Additional compression logic to handle other class derivations ... } } As it is, whenever I add a new derived class inheriting from Base, I would have to modify all compression strategies to take into account this new class. Is there a design pattern that allows me to decouple this, and allow me to easily introduce more classes to the Base hierarchy and/or additional compression strategies?

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• What ever happened to the Google AJAX Search API

  - by John

  I am looking to query the main Google search however all references including stackoveflow point to the Google AJAX Search API. The odd thing is that it does not seem to exist any more not even a note to say it is depreciated? The old links point to main Google code site. If I look at the list of API's on that site the API it replaced is there Web Search API (Deprecated) which links back to same page but not the Google AJAX Search API. Further Google searching is not being helpful either, many blog posts pointing to the same Google site (http://code.google.com/apis/ajaxsearch/) that has no content and redirects to the same place? Just to prove it did exist I have found it on the way back machine however the last snapshot did not show any special unusual message.

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• Can this word search algorithm be made faster?

  - by Ashwin Singh

  Problem: Find a match of word S in text T Given: S and T are part of spoken and written English. Example: Match 'Math' in 'I love Mathematics' NOTE: Ignore CASES. My algorithm: STEP 1) Convert S, T to char[] STEP 2) for i=0, i < T.length , i++ STEP 3) for j=S.length-1, j>0 , j-- STEP 3 is the magic, instead of going about matching M,A,T,H, this matches M, H, T and finally A. This helps in eliminating a lot of possible partial matches. For example, if I go sequentially like M A as in Boyer Moore's method ... it can match Matter, Mass, Matchstick etc. using M _ _ H will bring down size of partial matches. STEP 4) if S[j]!=T[i] -> break; else if j==i -> PRINT MATCH

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• What have you seen go wrong when introducing SCRUM?

  - by cringe

  What was the single point of failure encountered when your company decided to replace the current processes with SCRUM? Can you give me some examples of things that have gone really wrong when a company tried to introduce SCRUM? I'd like to hear your anecdotes, something you experienced yourself, the big fail that you saw coming but couldn't prevent. I hear a lot of concern about missing documentation on decisions about the implementation details, and about story sizes and detail level of the stories.

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• C# inherit from a class in a different DLL

  - by Onno

  I need to make an application that needs to be highly modular and that can easily be expanded with new functionality. I've thought up a design where I have a main window and a list of actions that are implemented using a strategy pattern. I'd like to implement the base classes/interfaces in a DLL and have the option of loading actions from DLL's which are loaded dynamically when the application starts. This way the main window can initiate actions without having to recompile or redistribute a new version. I just have to (re)distribute new DLL's which I can update dynamically at runtime. This should enable very easy modular updating from a central online source. The 'action' DLL's all inherit their structure from the code defined in the the DLL which defines the main strategy pattern structure and it's abstract factory. I'd like to know if C# /.Net will allow such a construction. I'd also like to know whether this construction has any major problems in terms of design.

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• Session serialization in JavaEE environment

  - by Ionut

  Please consider the following scenario: We are working on a JavaEE project for which the scalability starts to become an issue. Up until now, we were able to scale up but this is no longer an option. Therefore we need to consider scaling out and preparing the App for a clustered environment. Our main concern right now is serializing the user sessions. Sadly, we did not consider from the beginning the issue and we are encountering the following excetion: java.io.WriteAbortedException: writing aborted; java.io.NotSerializableException: org.apache.catalina.session.StandardSessionFacade I did some research and this exception is thrown because there are objects stored on the session which does not implement the Serializable interface. Considering that all over the app there are quite a few custom objects which are stored on the session without implementing this interface, it would require a lot of tedious work and dedication to fix all these classes declaration. We will fix all this declarations but the main concern is that, in the future, there may be a developer which will add a non Serializable object on the session and break the session serialization & replication over multiple nodes. As a quick overview of the project, we are developing using a home grown framework based on Struts 1 with the Servlet 3.0 API. This means that at this point, we are using the standard session.getAttribute() and session.setAttribute() to work with the session and the session handling is scattered all over the code base. Besides updating the classes of the objects stored on session and making sure that they implement the Serializable interface, what other measures of precaution should we take in order to ensure a reliable Session replication capability on the Application layer? I know it is a little bit late to consider this but what would be the best practice in this case? Furthermore, are there any other issues we should consider regarding this transition? Thank you in advance!

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• How does session middleware generally verify browser sessions?

  - by BBnyc

  I've been using session middleware to build web apps for years: from PHP's built-in session handling layer to node's connect session middleware. However, I've never tried (or needed) to roll my own session handling layer. How would one go about it? What sort of checks are necessary to provide at least some modicum of security against HTTP session highjacking? I figure setting a cookie with a token to keep track of the session, and then perhaps some check to see that the originating IP address of the session doesn't change and that the client browser software remains consistent. Hoping to hear about current best-practices...

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• Is it common practice to hire third parties to do code reviews for contractors?

  - by blueberryfields

  I recently observed some contract offers which included a "code review by third party" clause - the contract would not pay out fully until the code review was completed and it received a pass. I was surprised, especially considering that these were fairly simple, and small-scale contracts (churning out vanity apps for the iPhone). Is this kind of third-party code review a common thing to run into when contracting out as a programmer?

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• How to get that first development job

  - by cju

  I have been in QA for 10 years, trying to get into developement for about 5 of them. I have taken classes in C++, Java and C#. I was able to write some tools and unit tests in C# at my current job and (by all accounts) did a good job of it. However, 8 months ago, my employer tasked me with the responsibility of establishing the new QA group. Now, I'm doing manual testing and deployment with no promise of returning to development. I have looked at the job boards and there are a lot of jobs for Web developers and wondered how I could break into that. I've picked up some books on Ruby on Rails that I plan to work through on the Mac at home, but I'm not sure employers would be interested in anything but commercial web development. Do you have any suggestions on how I can use my experience to get a job as a junior developer? And I mean one that entailes programming...the postings I've seen for junior developer amount to doing all the grunt work besides coding. They should just call them "Technical Secretaries".

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• Open source projects, how to choose?!

  - by Dhaivat Pandya

  I would like to join an open source project since I think I am good enough at programming to progress onto reading others code and to modify it. But the proble mis, how would I choose an open source project to work on? I know many languages and chief ones that I am good are python, C++ (not really very good at C, the lack of object orientation is difficult for me) and Java. For c++, I am proficient wit Qt. I would like to start with something that isn't huge, and hasn't reached a phase where the bugs are so complicated it would take me a month to understand what affects the bug. Any suggestions? At the current time, I don't use any libraries in either of the mentioned libraries that I would need to modify (AFAIK).

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• How do you track bugs in your personal projects?

  - by bedwyr

  I'm trying to decide if I need to reassess my defect-tracking process for my home-grown projects. For the last several years, I really just track defects using TODO tags in the code, and keeping track of them in a specific view (I use Eclipse, which has a decent tagging system). Unfortunately, I'm starting to wonder if this system is unsustainable. The defects I find are typically associated with a snippet of code I'm working on; bugs which are not immediately understood tend to be forgotten, or ignored. I wrote an application for my wife which has had a severe defect for almost 9 months, and I keep forgetting to fix it. What mechanism do you use to track defects in your personal projects? Do you have a specific system, or a process for prioritizing and managing them?

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