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• Entropy using Decision Tree's

  - by Matt Clements

  Train a decision tree on the data represented by attributes A1, A2, A3 and outcome C described below: A1 A2 A3 C 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 For log2(1/3) = 1.6 and log2(2/3) = 0.6, answer the following questions: a) What is the value of entropy H for the given set of training example? b) What is the portion of the positive samples split by attribute A2? c) What is the value of information gain, G(A2), of attribute A2? d) What is IFTHEN rule(s) for the decision tree?

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• Explaining training method for AdaBoost algorithm

  - by konzti8

  Hi, I'm trying to understand the Haar feature method used for the training step in the AdaBoost algorithm. I don't understand the math that well so I'd appreciate more of a conceptual answer (as much as possible, anyway). Basically, what does it do? How do you choose positive and negative sets for what you want to select? Can it be generalized? What I mean by that is, can you choose it to find any kind of feature that you want no matter what the background is? So, for example, if I want to find some kind of circular blob - can I do that? I've also read that it is used on small patches for the images around the possible feature - does that mean you have to manually select that image patch or can it be automated to process the entire image? Is there matlab code for the training step? Thanks for any help...

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• versioning fails for onetomany collection holder

  - by Alexander Vasiljev

  given parent entity @Entity public class Expenditure implements Serializable { ... @OneToMany(mappedBy = "expenditure", cascade = CascadeType.ALL, orphanRemoval = true) @OrderBy() private List<ExpenditurePeriod> periods = new ArrayList<ExpenditurePeriod>(); @Version private Integer version = 0; ... } and child one @Entity public class ExpenditurePeriod implements Serializable { ... @ManyToOne @JoinColumn(name="expenditure_id", nullable = false) private Expenditure expenditure; ... } While updating both parent and child in one transaction, org.hibernate.StaleObjectStateException is thrown: Row was updated or deleted by another transaction (or unsaved-value mapping was incorrect): Indeed, hibernate issues two sql updates: one changing parent properties and another changing child properties. Do you know a way to get rid of parent update changing child? The update results both in inefficiency and false positive for optimistic lock. Note, that both child and parent save their state in DB correctly. Hibernate version is 3.5.1-Final

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• Do I need to use C3P0 pooling library in my (grails) web application?

  - by fabien7474

  Hi, I am not familiar at all with connection pooling library. I've just discovered it through this blog article) and I am not sure that I should use one in my web application based on grails/hibernate/mysql. So my question is simple : in which situations would you suggest to integrate a connection pooling library into a grails application? Always, Never or only over some connections threshold? P.S. : If you have ever used successfully C3P0 in your web application, I will greatly appreciate to hear your feedback (in terms of visible positive effects).

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• Graphing a line and scatter points using Matplotlib?

  - by Patrick O'Doherty

  Hi guys I'm using matplotlib at the moment to try and visualise some data I am working on. I'm trying to plot around 6500 points and the line y = x on the same graph but am having some trouble in doing so. I can only seem to get the points to render and not the line itself. I know matplotlib doesn't plot equations as such rather just a set of points so I'm trying to use and identical set of points for x and y co-ordinates to produce the line. The following is my code from matplotlib import pyplot import numpy from pymongo import * class Store(object): """docstring for Store""" def __init__(self): super(Store, self).__init__() c = Connection() ucd = c.ucd self.tweets = ucd.tweets def fetch(self): x = [] y = [] for t in self.tweets.find(): x.append(t['positive']) y.append(t['negative']) return [x,y] if __name__ == '__main__': c = Store() array = c.fetch() t = numpy.arange(0., 0.03, 1) pyplot.plot(array[0], array[1], 'ro', t, t, 'b--') pyplot.show() Any suggestions would be appreciated, Patrick

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• assembly language programming (prime number)

  - by chris

  Prompt the user for a positive three digit number, then read it. Let's call it N. Divide into N all integer values from 2 to (N/2)+1 and test to see if the division was even, in which case N is instantly shown to be non-prime. Output a message printing N and saying that it is not prime. If none of those integer values divide evenly (remainder never is zero), then N is shown to be prime. Output a message printing N and saying that it is prime. Ask the user if he or she wants to test another number; if the user types "n" or "N", quit. If "y" or "Y", jump back and repeat. Comments in your code are essential. Hi. I am kinda in rush to do this.. please help me doing it. I'll be much appreciated. thank you

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• How to recognise vehicle licence / number plate (ANPR) from an image?

  - by Ryan ONeill

  Hi all, I have a web site that allows users to upload images of cars and I would like to put a privacy filter in place to detect registration plates on the vehicle and blur them. The blurring is not a problem but is there a library or component (open source preferred) that will help with finding a licence within a photo? Caveats; I know nothing is perfect and image recognition of this type will provide false positive and negatives. I appreciate that we could ask the user to select the area to blur and we will do this as well, but the question is specifically about finding that data programmatically; so answers such as 'get a person to check every image' is not helpful. This software method is called 'Automatic Number Plate Recognition' in the UK but I cannot see any implementations of it as libraries. Any language is great although .Net is preferred. Thanks in advance Ryan

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• jQuery validation plugin , add custom method

  - by Eatdoku

  Hi, I am trying to add a method that validate a field to see if it contains a number value. so this is what i did, however it is not doing the check for me. anyone has any idea? thanks $(document).ready(function() { $.validator.addMethod('positiveNumber', function(value) { return Number(value) > 0; }, 'Enter a positive number.'); }); and jQuery('form').validate(); jQuery('.validateFieldToCheck').rules('add', { positiveNumber:, messages: { required: 'Field must contain a number.' } });

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• switch to mysqli a good idea?

  - by Rob

  I'm considering switching to mysqli for all my php projects. The way my code is written (I run very simple websites and built my own basic framework which I use across all of them) I shouldn't have too many problems modifying the functions and classes. However, i've only heard positive things about prepared statements, bar a few grumblings about the php functions available, most notably the lack of a simple replacement for using mysql_fetch_array in a while. This sounds a bit too good to be true, so I wondered if anyone could highlight some of the issues with using prepared statements, such as speed and resource usage.

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• Problem with filling dataset

  - by Brian

  This is a small portion of my code file. Each time my debugger reaches the line 'NewDA.Fill(NewDS);' at runtime it jumps to the catch. I'm positive the daynumber variable gets a value that's present in the database and I've tried the query outside of the codefile on my database and it works fine. I'm also using the connectionstring 'db' on more parts of the code with successful results. string QueryNew = "SELECT activityname AS [Name], activitycategorynumber AS [Category] " + "FROM ACTIVITY WHERE daynumber = @daynumber"; SqlCommand NewCmd = new SqlCommand(QueryNew, db); NewCmd.Parameters.Add("@daynumber", SqlDbType.Int).Value = daynumber; SqlDataAdapter NewDA = new SqlDataAdapter(NewCmd); DataSet NewDS = new DataSet(); NewDA.Fill(NewDS);

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• Binning a numeric variable in R

  - by McPeterson

  I have a vector X that contains positive numbers that I want to bin/discretize. For this vector, I want the numbers [0, 10) to show up just as they exist in the vector, but numbers [10,∞) to be 10+. I'm using: x <- c(0,1,3,4,2,4,2,5,43,432,34,2,34,2,342,3,4,2) binned.x <- as.factor(ifelse(x > 10,"10+",x)) but this feels klugey to me. Does anyone know a better solution or a different approach? mcpeterson

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• Storing And Using Microsoft User Account Credentials in MS SQL Srv 2008 Database

  - by instantmusic

  I'm not exactly positive how to word this for the sake of the title so please forgive me. Also I can't seem to figure out how to even google this question, so I'm hoping that I can get a lead in the right direction. Part of my software(VB.NET App) requires the ability to access/read/write a shared network folder. I have an option for the user to specify any credentials that might be needed to access said folder. I want to store these credentials given in the MS SQL Database as part of the config(I have a table which contains configuration). My concern is that the password for the user account will be unencrpyted. Yet, if I encrypt the password the VB.NET App And/Or database will be unable to use the credentials for file i/o operations unless the Password is unencrypted before use. I'm fishing for suggestions on how to better handle this situation.

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• I need a simple Example of JNA which can map char * of c dll.

  - by Vikas Sharma

  I have one dll of cpp and i need to call its function which returns char*. Im using String in native Declaration but getting out put like ???? or some crap thing. I just want to knw that do i have to decode the String.i have already set my system property like System.setProperty("jna.encoding","UTF-8"); Im in big mess. Hope to get Some Positive replies from u guys. Thanks in Advance.. Cheers...!

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• Python unicode issues (2.6)

  - by ephemeralis

  I'm currently working on a irc bot for a multi-lingual channel, and I'm encountering some issues with unicode which are proving nearly impossible to solve. No matter what configuration of unicode encoding I seem to try, the list function which the below code sits within just flat out does nothing (c.notice is a class function which sends a NOTICE command to the irc server) or when it does do something, spits out something which obviously isn't encoded. The command should be sending ??, but instead it seems hellbent on sending å¤©å­ with a previous configuration of the same commands. The one I have specified below is of the 'send nothing' variety. I haven't worked with unicode before this, and thus I am quite stuck. I'm also positive that I'm doing this completely wrong as a consequence. (compileCMD just takes a list and spits out a single string of all the elements within the list) uk = self.compileCMD(self.faq.keys(),0) ukeys = unicode(uk,"utf-8").encode("utf-8") c.notice(nick, u"Current list of faq entries: %s" % (uk))

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• Caption in longtable

  - by Tim

  Hi, I find that the caption in my longtable takes two lines but it seems that it can fit in one line. See the figure below: http://i42.tinypic.com/96dqms.jpg My code is: \begin{longtable}{|c|c|c|c||c|c|c|} \caption{Testing error for training size 100000 and 8000 random counts\label{tab:1}}\\ \hline \multicolumn{2}{|c|}{Concept} & \multicolumn{2}{c||}{Negative Class} & \multicolumn{2}{c|}{Positive Class} & Error rate \\ \hline ... \end{longtable} How to make the caption fit into a single line? Thanks and regards!

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• [Ruby on Rails] scribd_fu gsub error

  - by siulamvictor

  I have an application which allow user upload documents to Scribd. I tried to use scribd_fu in Rails. An error occurred when the controller try to save the model. NoMethodError in DocumentsController#processupload private method `gsub' called for nil:NilClass here is the related controller def processupload @document = Document.new(params[:document]) if @document.save session[:scribdid] = @document.ipaper_access_key else xxxxx and this is the related html form <form action="/documents/processupload" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post"> <input name="authenticity_token" type="hidden" value="FqTCmlGGIvRjiaiaa+YtF50wgI7FfpxfrZsulLCbXcw=" /> <label class="label_h2">Upload a Document</label> <input id="document_document_upload" name="document[document_upload]" size="30" type="file" /></div> <div class="buttons"><button type="submit" class="positive"><img src="/images/icons/tick.png" alt="Save Document"/>Save Document</button> </form> Is there anything wrong?

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• keep duplicate number records only - perl

  - by manu

  Hello I have one text string which is having some duplicate characters (FFGGHHJKL), these can be made unique by using the positive lookahead [perl script for the same$ perl -pe 's/(.)(?=.*?\1)//g']. (FFEEDDCCGG OUTPUT == FEDCG) My question is how to make it work on the numbers (Ex. 212 212 43 43 5689 6689 5689 71 81 === output should be 212 43 5689 6689 71 81) ? Also if we want to have only duplicate records to be given as the output from a file having n rows (212 212 43 43 5689 6689 5689 71 81 \n 66 66 67 68 69 69 69 71 71 52 ..\n .. .. \n... OUTPUT == 212 212 43 43 5689 5689 \n 66 66 69 69 69 71 71) then what should be done ? Thanks and regards -manu

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• Using emacs across many hosts

  - by mbac32768

  On a daily basis I: use multiple workstations running either Linux, Windows, or MacOS X edit files on additional Linux hosts that are not any of the workstations mentioned above The only common element here is that the internet connects all of these hosts: workstations and servers. I can keep all of the config files in sync on my workstations too and can run an X server on all of them. What's the right way of running emacs? I don't want to sacrifice any features. In my ideal world I can type 'emacs foo.txt' on a remote host and some magic happens via X forwarding to display the file in my workstation's existing emacs session. Non-solutions tramp: when I'm manipulating a remote host an editor is just part of my workflow. I need a terminal open so I can run other commands quickly. tramp is all wrong for this. ncurses emacs: sucks, I want the graphical kind If you don't have a positive answer to my question, please don't just guess. Thanks.

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• Solving the water jug problem

  - by Amit

  While reading through some lecture notes on preliminary number theory, I came across the solution to water jug problem (with two jugs) which is summed as thus: Using the property of the G.C.D of two numbers that GCD(a,b) is the smallest possible linear combination of a and b, and hence a certain quantity Q is only measurable by the 2 jugs, iff Q is a n*GCD(a,b), since Q=sA + tB, where: n = a positive integer A = capacity of jug A B= capacity of jug B And, then the method to the solution is discussed Another model of the solution is to model the various states as a state-space search problem as often resorted to in Artificial Intelligence. My question is: What other known methods exist which models the solution, and how? Google didn't throw up much.

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• C++ double division by 0.0 versus DBL_MIN

  - by wonsungi

  When finding the inverse square root of a double, is it better to clamp invalid non-positive inputs at 0.0 or MIN_DBL? (In my example below double b may end up being negative due to floating point rounding errors and because the laws of physics are slightly slightly fudged in the game.) Both division by 0.0 and MIN_DBL produce the same outcome in the game because 1/0.0 and 1/DBL_MIN are effectively infinity. My intuition says MIN_DBL is the better choice, but would there be any case for using 0.0? Like perhaps sqrt(0.0), 1/0.0 and multiplication by 1.#INF000000000000 execute faster because they are special cases. double b = 1 - v.length_squared()/(c*c); #ifdef CLAMP_BY_0 if (b < 0.0) b = 0.0; #endif #ifdef CLAMP_BY_DBL_MIN if (b <= 0.0) b = DBL_MIN; #endif double lorentz_factor = 1/sqrt(b); double division in MSVC: 1/0.0 = 1.#INF000000000000 1/DBL_MIN = 4.4942328371557898e+307

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• html tag attribute displayed in unicode

  - by user297975

  I have the following code, from which you can see that, I use the same way to create the text in utf-8. The text shown between html tags are shown corrently. But the text shown as html tag attribute are shown in unicode. I'm positive that on the server side(PHP), both texts are treated in the same way and are encoded in utf-8. Why the text as html tag attribute shown in unicode? ?????????????????????? ??

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• Is it considered bad form to execute a function within a conditional statement?

  - by michael

  Consider a situation in which you need to call successive routines and stop as soon as one returns a value that could be evaluated as positive (true, object, 1, str(1)). It's very tempting to do this: if (fruit = getOrange()) elseif (fruit = getApple()) elseif (fruit = getMango()) else fruit = new Banana(); return fruit; I like it, but this isn't a very recurrent style in what can be considered professional production code. One is likely to rather see more elaborate code like: fruit = getOrange(); if(!fruit){ fruit = getApple(); if(!fruit){ fruit = getMango(); if(!fruit){ fruit = new Banana(); } } } return fruit; According to the dogma on basic structures, is the previous form acceptable? Would you recommend it?

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• Is there a simpler way to convert a byte array to a 2-byte-size hexadecimal string?

  - by Tom Brito

  Is there a simpler way of implement this? Or a implemented method in JDK or other lib? /** * Convert a byte array to 2-byte-size hexadecimal String. */ public static String to2DigitsHex(byte[] bytes) { String hexData = ""; for (int i = 0; i < bytes.length; i++) { int intV = bytes[i] & 0xFF; // positive int String hexV = Integer.toHexString(intV); if (hexV.length() < 2) { hexV = "0" + hexV; } hexData += hexV; } return hexData; } public static void main(String[] args) { System.out.println(to2DigitsHex(new byte[] {8, 10, 12})); } the output is: "08 0A 0C" (without the spaces)

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• Double Negation in C++ code.

  - by Brian Gianforcaro

  I just came onto a project with a pretty huge code base. I'm mostly dealing with C++ and a lot of the code they write uses double negation for their boolean logic. if (!!variable && (!!api.lookup("some-string"))) { do_some_stuff(); } I know these guys are intelligent programmers, it's obvious they aren't doing this by accident. I'm no seasoned C++ expert, my only guess at why they are doing this is that they want to make absolutely positive that the value being evaluated is the actual boolean representation. So they negate it, then negate that again to get it back to its actual boolean value. Is this a correct? or am I missing something else? Thanks, Brian Gianforcaro

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• Regex pattern for searches with include and exclude

  - by alex-kravchenko-zmeyp

  I am working on a Regex pattern for searches that should allow optional '+' sign to include in the search and '-' sign to exclude from the search. For example: +apple orange -peach should search for apples and oranges and not for peaches. Also the pattern should allow for phrases in double quotes mixed with single words, for example: "red apple" -"black grape" +orange - you get the idea, same as most of the internet searches. So I am running 2 regular expressions, first to pick all the negatives, which is simple because '-' is required: (?<=[\-]"?)((?<=")(?<exclude>[^"]+)|(?<exclude>[^\s,\+\-"]+)) And second to pick positives, and it is a little more complex because '+' is optional: ((?<=[\+\s]")(?<include>[^\s"\+\-][^"]+))|(?<include>(?<![\-\w]"?)([\w][^,\s\-\+]+))(?<!") Positive search is where I am having a problem, it works fine when I run it in RegexBuddy but when I try in .Net the pattern picks up second word from negative criteria, for example in -"black grape" it picks up word 'grape' even though it ends with double quote. Any suggestions?

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