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  • Why does gcc generate verbose assembly code?

    - by Jared Nash
    I have a question about assembly code generated by GCC (-S option). Since, I am new to assembly language and know very little about it, the question will be very primitive. Still, I hope somebody will answer: Suppose, I have this C code: main(){ int x = 15; int y = 6; int z = x - y; return 0; } If we look at the assembly code (especially the part corresponding to int z = x - y ), we see: main: ... subl $16, %esp movl $15, -4(%ebp) movl $6, -8(%ebp) movl -8(%ebp), %eax movl -4(%ebp), %edx movl %edx, %ecx subl %eax, %ecx movl %ecx, %eax movl %eax, -12(%ebp) ... Why doesn't GCC generate something like this, which is less copying things around. main: ... movl $15, -4(%ebp) movl $6, -8(%ebp) movl -8(%ebp), %edx movl -4(%ebp), %eax subl %edx, %eax movl %eax, -12(%ebp) ... P.S. Linux zion-5 2.6.32-21-generic #32-Ubuntu SMP Fri Apr 16 08:10:02 UTC 2010 i686 GNU/Linux gcc version 4.4.3 (Ubuntu 4.4.3-4ubuntu5)

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  • Can't Display Bitmap of Higher Resolution than CDC area

    - by T. Jones
    Hi there dear gurus and expert coders. i am not gonna start with im a newbie and don't know much about image programming but unfortunately those are the facts :( I am trying to display an image from a bitmap pointer *ImageData which is of resolution 1392x1032. I am trying to draw that at an area of resolution or size 627x474. However, repeated trying doesnt seem to work. It works when I change the bitmap image I created from *ImageData width and height to resolution or size of around 627x474 I really do not know how to solve this after trying all possible solutions from various forums and google. pDC is a CDC* and memDC is a CDC initialized in an earlier method Anything uninitialized here was initialized in other methods. Here is my code dear humble gurus. Do provide me with guidance Yoda and Obi-Wan provided to Luke Skywalker. void DemoControl::ShowImage( void *ImageData ) { int Width; //Width of Image From Camera int Height; //Height of Image From Camera int m_DisplayWidth = 627 ;//width of rectangle area to display int m_DisplayHeight = 474;//height of rectangle area to display GetImageSize( &Width, &Height ) ; //this will return Width = 1392, Height 1032 CBitmap bitmap; bitmap.CreateBitmap(Width,Height,32,1,ImageData); CBitmap* pOldBitmap = memDC.SelectObject((CBitmap*)&bitmap); pDC->BitBlt(22, 24, 627, 474, &memDC, 0, 0, SRCCOPY); memDC.SelectObject((CBitmap*)pOldBitmap); ReleaseDC(pDC); }

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  • Trying to set up nested while loops using a boolean switch

    - by thorn100
    First time posting. I'm trying to set up a while loop that will ask the user for the employee name, hours worked and hourly wage until the user enters 'DONE'. Eventually I'll modify the code to calculate the weekly pay and write it to a list, but one thing at a time. The problem is once the main while loop executes once, it just stops. Doesn't error out but just stops. I have to kill the program to get it to stop. I want it to ask the three questions again and again until the user is finished. Thoughts? Please note that this is just an exercise and not meant for any real world application. def getName(): """Asks for the employee's full name""" firstName=raw_input("\nWhat is your first name? ") lastName=raw_input("\nWhat is your last name? ") fullName=firstName.title() + " " + lastName.title() return fullName def getHours(): """Asks for the number of hours the employee worked""" hoursWorked=0 while int(hoursWorked)<1 or int(hoursWorked) > 60: hoursWorked=raw_input("\nHow many hours did the employee work: ") if int(hoursWorked)<1 or int(hoursWorked) > 60: print "Please enter an integer between 1 and 60." else: return hoursWorked def getWage(): """Asks for the employee's hourly wage""" wage=0 while float(wage)<6.00 or float(wage)>20.00: wage=raw_input("\nWhat is the employee's hourly wage: ") if float(wage)<6.00 or float(wage)>20.00: print ("Please enter an hourly wage between $6.00 and $20.00") else: return wage ##sentry variables employeeName="" employeeHours=0 employeeWage=0 booleanDone=False #Enter employee info print "Please enter payroll information for an employee or enter 'DONE' to quit." while booleanDone==False: while employeeName=="": employeeName=getName() if employeeName.lower()=="done": booleanDone=True break print "The employee's name is", employeeName while employeeHours==0: employeeHours=getHours() if employeeHours.lower()=="done": booleanDone=True break print employeeName, "worked", employeeHours, "this week." while employeeWage==0: employeeWage=getWage() if employeeWage.lower()=="done": booleanDone=True break print employeeName + "'s hourly wage is $" + employeeWage

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  • FILE* issue PPU side code

    - by Cristina
    We are working on a homework on CELL programming for college and their feedback response to our questions is kinda slow, thought i can get some faster answers here. I have a PPU side code which tries to open a file passed down through char* argv[], however this doesn't work it cannot make the assignment of the pointer, i get a NULL. Now my first idea was that the file isn't in the correct directory and i copied in every possible and logical place, my second idea is that maybe the PPU wants this pointer in its LS area, but i can't deduce if that's the bug or not. So... My question is what am i doing wrong? I am working with a Fedora 7 SDK Cell, with Eclipse as an IDE. Maybe my argument setup is wrong tho he gets the name of the file correctly. Code on request: images_t *read_bin_data(char *name) { FILE *file; images_t *img; uint32_t *buffer; uint8_t buf; unsigned long fileLen; unsigned long i; //Open file file = (FILE*)malloc(sizeof(FILE)); file = fopen(name, "rb"); printf("[Debug]Opening file %s\n",name); if (!file) { fprintf(stderr, "Unable to open file %s", name); return NULL; } //....... } Main launch: int main(int argc,char* argv[]) { int i,img_width; int modif_this[4] __attribute__ ((aligned(16))) = {1,2,3,4}; images_t *faces, *nonfaces; spe_context_ptr_t ctxs[SPU_THREADS]; pthread_t threads[SPU_THREADS]; thread_arg_t arg[SPU_THREADS]; //intializare img_width img_width = atoi(argv[1]); printf("[Debug]Img size is %i\n",img_width); faces = read_bin_data(argv[3]); //....... } Thanks for the help.

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  • Pulling record from mySQL database only working for userid and not email

    - by user2908467
    This function works because I search by userid: private void showList_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { int id = 0; for (int i = 0; i <= sqlClient.Count("UserList"); i++) { Dictionary<string, string> dik = sqlClient.Select("UserList", "userid = " + id); var lines = dik.Select(kv => kv.Key + ": " + kv.Value.ToString()); userList.AppendText(string.Join(Environment.NewLine, lines)); userList.AppendText(Environment.NewLine); userList.AppendText("--------------------------------------"); id++; } } This function does not work because I search by email: private void login_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { string email = lemail.Text; Dictionary<string, string> dik = sqlClient.Select("UserList", "firstname = " + email); var lines = dik.Select(kv => kv.Key + ": " + kv.Value.ToString()); logged.AppendText(string.Join(Environment.NewLine, lines)); } This is the error message I receive when I click on the login button: You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near '@aol.com' at line 1 The email I searched for in the database was "[email protected]" without quotes. I'm lead to believe by the error message the @ sign is causing conflict as I know it is a special character but I am having a hard time figuring out what phrase to search for to help me. Also, here is the function that is being called: public Dictionary<string, string> Select(string table, string WHERE) { //This methods selects from the database, it retrieves data from it. //You must make a dictionary to use this since it both saves the column //and the value. i.e. "age" and "33" so you can easily search for values. //Example: SELECT * FROM names WHERE name='John Smith' // This example would retrieve all data about the entry with the name "John Smith" //Code = Dictionary<string, string> myDictionary = Select("names", "name='John Smith'"); //This code creates a dictionary and fills it with info from the database. string query = "SELECT * FROM " + table + " WHERE " + WHERE + ""; Dictionary<string, string> selectResult = new Dictionary<string, string>(); if (this.Open()) { MySqlCommand cmd = new MySqlCommand(query, conn); MySqlDataReader dataReader = cmd.ExecuteReader(); try { while (dataReader.Read()) { for (int i = 0; i < dataReader.FieldCount; i++) { selectResult.Add(dataReader.GetName(i).ToString(), dataReader.GetValue(i).ToString()); } } dataReader.Close(); } catch { } this.Close(); return selectResult; } else { return selectResult; } } My database table is called "UserList" The fields in order are as follows: userid, email, password, lastname, firstname Any help would be greatly appreciated. This site is amazing!

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  • Issue in setting alarm time in AlarmManager Class

    - by Anshuman
    I have used the following code in setting alarm time in AlarmManager class. Now Suppose my device current date 9-july-2012 11:31:00, Now suppose i set set a alarm at 9-july-2012 11:45:00, then it works fine and pop-up an alarm at that time. But if i set an alarm at 10-aug-2012 11:40:00, then as soon as exit the app the alarm pop-up, which is wrong because i set an alarm at month of august, So why this happen, is anything wrong in my code. if anyone knows help me to solve this out. Code For Setting Alarm time in AlarmManager class Intent myIntent = new Intent(context, AlarmService.class); PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getService(context, i, myIntent, i); AlarmManager alarmManager = (AlarmManager)context.getSystemService(AlarmService.ALARM_SERVICE); Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance(); calendar.setTimeInMillis(System.currentTimeMillis()); calendar.add(Calendar.MILLISECOND, (int) dateDifferenceFromSystemTime(NoteManager.getSingletonObject().getAlarmTime(i))); alarmManager.set(AlarmManager.RTC_WAKEUP, calendar.getTimeInMillis(), pendingIntent); public static long dateDifferenceFromSystemTime(Date date) { long difference = 0; try { Calendar c = Calendar.getInstance(); difference = date.getTime() - c.getTimeInMillis(); if (difference < 0) { // if difference is -1 - means alarm time is of previous time then current // then firstly change it to +positive and subtract form 86400000 to get exact new time to play alarm // 86400000-Total no of milliseconds of 24hr Day difference = difference * -1; difference = 86400000 - difference; } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return difference; } Service class which pop-up alarm when matches time public class AlarmService extends IntentService { public void onCreate() { super.onCreate(); } public AlarmService() { super("MyAlarmService"); } @Override public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) { super.onStartCommand(intent, startId, startId); return START_STICKY; } @Override protected void onHandleIntent(Intent intent) { startActivity(new Intent(this,AlarmDialogActivity.class).setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK)); } }

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  • read text file in xcode

    - by danielDhobbs
    hello. i tried to read text file in xcode but this "EXC_BAD_ACCESS message showed up when i tried to build my program here is my code and i put inputA.txt file in the same folder with project file my friend told me that i should put txt file in debug folder is this why i cannot read txt file in this code? please help me... macbook user. int main (int argc, const char * argv[]) { FILE* fp; char mychar; char arr[50][2] = {0, }; int i = 0; int j, k; graphType* G_; G_ = (graphType*)malloc(sizeof(graphType)); Create(G_); fp = fopen("inputA.txt", "r"); //fp = fopen("inputB.txt", "r"); //fp = fopen("inputC.txt", "r"); while(1){ for(j = 0 ; j < 2 ; j++){ mychar = fgetc(fp); if(mychar == EOF) break; else if(mychar == ' ') continue; arr[i][j] = mychar; } i++; }

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  • Problem using structured data with sproxy-generated proxy c++ class

    - by Odrade
    I am attempting to communicate structured data types between a Visual C++ client application and an ASP.NET web service. I'm am having issues whenever any parameter or return type is not a basic type (e.g. string, int, float, etc). To illustrate the issue, I created the following ASP.NET web service: namespace TestWebService { [WebService(Namespace = "http://localhost/TestWebService")] [WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo = WsiProfiles.BasicProfile1_1)] [ToolboxItem(false)] public class Service1 : System.Web.Services.WebService { [WebMethod] public TestData StructuredOutput() { TestData td = new TestData(); td.data = 1729; return td; } } public class TestData { public int data; } } To consume the service, I created a dirt-simple Visual C++ client in VS2005. I added a web reference to the project, which caused sproxy to generate a proxy class for me. With the generated header properly included, I attempted to invoke the service like this: int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[]) { CoInitialize(NULL); Service1::CService1 ws; Service1::TestData td; HRESULT hr = ws.StructuredOutput(&td); //data is returned as expected CoUninitialize(); return 0; } // crashes here with access violation The call to StructuredOutput returns the data as expected, but an access violation occurs on destruction of the CService1 object. The access violation is occurring here (from atlsoap.h): void UninitializeSOAP() { if (m_spReader.p != NULL) { m_spReader->putContentHandler(NULL); //access violation m_spReader.Release(); } } I see the same behavior when using a TestData object as an input parameter, or when using any other structured data types as input or output. When I use basic types for input/output from the web service I do not experience these errors. Any ideas about why this might be happening? Is sproxy screwing something up, or am I? NOTE: I'm aware of gSOAP and the wsdl2h tool, but those aren't freely available for commercial use (and nobody here is going to buy a license). I am open to alternatives for generating the c++ proxy, as long as they are free for commercial use.

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  • Is it normal for C++ static initialization to appear twice in the same backtrace?

    - by Joseph Garvin
    I'm trying to debug a C++ program compiled with GCC that freezes at startup. GCC mutex protects function's static local variables, and it appears that waiting to acquire such a lock is why it freezes. How this happens is rather confusing. First module A's static initialization occurs (there are __static_init functions GCC invokes that are visible in the backtrace), which calls a function Foo(), that has a static local variable. The static local variable is an object who's constructor calls through several layers of functions, then suddenly the backtrace has a few ??'s, and then it's is in the static initialization of a second module B (the __static functions occur all over again), which then calls Foo(), but since Foo() never returned the first time the mutex on the local static variable is still set, and it locks. How can one static init trigger another? My first theory was shared libraries -- that module A would be calling some function in module B that would cause module B to load, thus triggering B's static init, but that doesn't appear to be the case. Module A doesn't use module B at all. So I have a second (and horrifying) guess. Say that: Module A uses some templated function or a function in a templated class, e.g. foo<int>::bar() Module B also uses foo<int>::bar() Module A doesn't depend on module B at all At link time, the linker has two instances of foo<int>::bar(), but this is OK because template functions are marked as weak symbols... At runtime, module A calls foo<int>::bar, and the static init of module B is triggered, even though module B doesn't depend on module A! Why? Because the linker decided to go with module B's instance of foo::bar instead of module A's instance at link time. Is this particular scenario valid? Or should one module's static init never trigger static init in another module?

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  • How to produce output using show function.

    - by wilson88
    I am trying to use sho to show the output of another function.The first function was used to do sorting, and returned a List. now I want to make a function that uses show() to display the output.This is how I had tried it only to get an error. Its to diplay the results of two the two sorted lists which used this function. map Auctioneer::compareBidList(map& one, map& two) and //**return Sorted.** void show(const char *msg, map<int, Bid*>& Sorted) { cout << msg << endl; show(Sorted); } void compare(map<int, Bid*>& sellers, map<int, Bid*>& buyers) { compare(sellers.begin(), sellers.end(), buyers.begin(),buyers.end(),compareBidList); } //my call in the main after declaration was as follows map<int, Bid*> buyers, sellers; Auctioneer auctioneer; auctioneer.compare(sellers,buyers); show(("Bids after sorting:", sellers,buyers);)

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  • Access cost of dynamically created objects with dynamically allocated members

    - by user343547
    I'm building an application which will have dynamic allocated objects of type A each with a dynamically allocated member (v) similar to the below class class A { int a; int b; int* v; }; where: The memory for v will be allocated in the constructor. v will be allocated once when an object of type A is created and will never need to be resized. The size of v will vary across all instances of A. The application will potentially have a huge number of such objects and mostly need to stream a large number of these objects through the CPU but only need to perform very simple computations on the members variables. Could having v dynamically allocated could mean that an instance of A and its member v are not located together in memory? What tools and techniques can be used to test if this fragmentation is a performance bottleneck? If such fragmentation is a performance issue, are there any techniques that could allow A and v to allocated in a continuous region of memory? Or are there any techniques to aid memory access such as pre-fetching scheme? for example get an object of type A operate on the other member variables whilst pre-fetching v. If the size of v or an acceptable maximum size could be known at compile time would replacing v with a fixed sized array like int v[max_length] lead to better performance? The target platforms are standard desktop machines with x86/AMD64 processors, Windows or Linux OSes and compiled using either GCC or MSVC compilers.

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  • error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol

    - by numerical25
    I am receiving this error >GXRenderManager.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "private: static class GXRenderer * GXRenderManager::renderDevice" (?renderDevice@GXRenderManager@@0PAVGXRenderer@@A) The following is my code... GXDX.h class GXDX: public GXRenderer { public: void Render(); void StartUp(); }; GXGL.h class GXGL: public GXRenderer { public: void Render(); void StartUp(); }; GXRenderer class GXRenderer { public: virtual void Render() = 0; virtual void StartUp() = 0; }; GXRenderManager.h #ifndef GXRM #define GXRM #include <windows.h> #include "GXRenderer.h" #include "GXDX.h" #include "GXGL.h" enum GXDEVICE { DIRECTX, OPENGL }; class GXRenderManager { public: static int Ignite(GXDEVICE); private: static GXRenderer *renderDevice; }; #endif GXRenderManager.cpp #include "GXRenderManager.h" int GXRenderManager::Ignite(GXDEVICE DeviceType) { switch(DeviceType) { case DIRECTX: GXRenderManager::renderDevice = new GXDX; return 1; break; case OPENGL: GXRenderManager::renderDevice = new GXGL; return 1; break; default: return 0; } } main.cpp #include "GXRenderManager.h" int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow) { return 0; } I am not trying to get it to do anything. I am just trying to compile with no errors. I am new with all this so if anyone can give me a hand. that will be great. thanks

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  • Threading is slow and unpredictable?

    - by Jake
    I've created the basis of a ray tracer, here's my testing function for drawing the scene: public void Trace(int start, int jump, Sphere testSphere) { for (int x = start; x < scene.SceneWidth; x += jump) { for (int y = 0; y < scene.SceneHeight; y++) { Ray fired = Ray.FireThroughPixel(scene, x, y); if (testSphere.Intersects(fired)) sceneRenderer.SetPixel(x, y, Color.Red); else sceneRenderer.SetPixel(x, y, Color.Black); } } } SetPixel simply sets a value in a single dimensional array of colours. If I call the function normally by just directly calling it it runs at a constant 55fps. If I do: Thread t1 = new Thread(() => Trace(0, 1, testSphere)); t1.Start(); t1.Join(); It runs at a constant 50fps which is fine and understandable, but when I do: Thread t1 = new Thread(() => Trace(0, 2, testSphere)); Thread t2 = new Thread(() => Trace(1, 2, testSphere)); t1.Start(); t2.Start(); t1.Join(); t2.Join(); It runs all over the place, rapidly moving between 30-40 fps and sometimes going out of that range up to 50 or down to 20, it's not constant at all. Why is it running slower than it would if I ran the whole thing on a single thread? I'm running on a quad core i5 2500k.

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  • How `is_base_of` works?

    - by Alexey Malistov
    Why the following code works? typedef char (&yes)[1]; typedef char (&no)[2]; template <typename B, typename D> struct Host { operator B*() const; operator D*(); }; template <typename B, typename D> struct is_base_of { template <typename T> static yes check(D*, T); static no check(B*, int); static const bool value = sizeof(check(Host<B,D>(), int())) == sizeof(yes); }; //Test sample class Base {}; class Derived : private Base {}; //Exspression is true. int test[is_base_of<Base,Derived>::value && !is_base_of<Derived,Base>::value]; Note that B is private base. Note that operator B*() is const. How does this work? Why this works? Why static yes check(D*, T); is better than static yes check(B*, int); ?

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  • How do interpreters functions written in the class C++ in the main

    - by T_Geek
    Hi I'm working on a project about Data structures. In the first , I wrote everything in main but it sounds like C . But as I learned, I tried to thinkk OOP and do as little as possible in my main() methods. I've implemented some opertation in my class like add,delet,find.it's too easy to implement its . class ARB { private: struct BT { int data; BT *l; BT *r; }; struct BT *p; public ARB(); ~ARB(); void del(int n); void add(int n); }; void ARB::del(int num) { //The code ,don't care about it }; main() { // BTR T; T.add(3); T.add(5); }; But I arrived to the big program How can I define a methode which have to use a binary tree and to get a stack STACK ARB::MyFunct(BT* p) { // The code don't care about it } How can I apply it in the main programme main() { // BT T; T.add(3); T.add(5); STACK S; BT* p S=T.MyFunct(p); // error C2664 cannot convert parametre 1 }; **mention :I implement STACK class

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  • A ResetBindings on a BindingSource of a Grid also resets ComboBox

    - by Tetsuo
    Hi there, I have a DataGridView with a BindingSource of products. This products have an enum (Producer). For the most text fields (to edit the product) below the DataGridView I have a method RefreshProduct which does a ResetBindings in the end to refresh the DataGridView. There is a ComboBox (cboProducer), too. If I run over the _orderBs.ResetBindings(false) it will reset my cboProducer outside the DataGridView, too. Could you please help me to avoid this? Here follows some code; maybe it is then better to understand. public partial class SelectProducts : UserControl { private AutoCompleteStringCollection _productCollection; private ProductBL _productBL; private OrderBL _orderBL; private SortableBindingList<ProductBE> _listProducts; private ProductBE _selectedProduct; private OrderBE _order; BindingSource _orderBs = new BindingSource(); public SelectProducts() { InitializeComponent(); if (_productBL == null) _productBL = new ProductBL(); if (_orderBL == null) _orderBL = new OrderBL(); if (_productCollection == null) _productCollection = new AutoCompleteStringCollection(); if (_order == null) _order = new OrderBE(); if (_listProducts == null) { _listProducts = _order.ProductList; _orderBs.DataSource = _order; grdOrder.DataSource = _orderBs; grdOrder.DataMember = "ProductList"; } } private void cmdGetProduct_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { ProductBE product = _productBL.Load(txtProductNumber.Text); _listProducts.Add(product); _orderBs.ResetBindings(false); } private void grdOrder_SelectionChanged(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (grdOrder.SelectedRows.Count > 0) { _selectedProduct = (ProductBE)((DataGridView)(sender)).CurrentRow.DataBoundItem; if (_selectedProduct != null) { txtArticleNumber.Text = _selectedProduct.Article; txtPrice.Text = _selectedProduct.Price.ToString("C"); txtProducerNew.Text = _selectedProduct.ProducerText; cboProducer.DataSource = Enum.GetValues(typeof(Producer)); cboProducer.SelectedItem = _selectedProduct.Producer; } } } private void txtProducerNew_Leave(object sender, EventArgs e) { string property = CommonMethods.GetPropertyName(() => new ProductBE().ProducerText); RefreshProduct(((TextBoxBase)sender).Text, property); } private void RefreshProduct(object value, string property) { if (_selectedProduct != null) { double valueOfDouble; if (double.TryParse(value.ToString(), out valueOfDouble)) { value = valueOfDouble; } Type type = _selectedProduct.GetType(); PropertyInfo info = type.GetProperty(property); if (info.PropertyType.BaseType == typeof(Enum)) { value = Enum.Parse(info.PropertyType, value.ToString()); } try { Convert.ChangeType(value, info.PropertyType, new CultureInfo("de-DE")); info.SetValue(_selectedProduct, value, null); } catch (Exception ex) { throw new WrongFormatException("\"" + value.ToString() + "\" is not a valid value.", ex); } var produktFromList = _listProducts.Single(p => p.Position == _selectedProduct.Position); info.SetValue(produktFromList, value, null); _orderBs.ResetBindings(false); } } private void cboProducer_SelectedIndexChanged(object sender, EventArgs e) { var selectedIndex = ((ComboBox)(sender)).SelectedIndex; switch ((Producer)selectedIndex) { case Producer.ABC: txtProducerNew.Text = Constants.ABC; break; case Producer.DEF: txtProducerNew.Text = Constants.DEF; break; case Producer.GHI: txtProducerNew.Text = Constants.GHI; break; case Producer.Another: txtProducerNew.Text = String.Empty; break; default: break; } string property = CommonMethods.GetPropertyName(() => new ProductBE().Producer); RefreshProduct(selectedIndex, property); } }

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  • Project euler problem 45

    - by Peter
    Hi, I'm not yet a skilled programmer but I thought this was an interesting problem and I thought I'd give it a go. Triangle, pentagonal, and hexagonal numbers are generated by the following formulae: Triangle T_(n)=n(n+1)/2 1, 3, 6, 10, 15, ... Pentagonal P_(n)=n(3n-1)/2 1, 5, 12, 22, 35, ... Hexagonal H_(n)=n(2n-1) 1, 6, 15, 28, 45, ... It can be verified that T_(285) = P_(165) = H_(143) = 40755. Find the next triangle number that is also pentagonal and hexagonal. Is the task description. I know that Hexagonal numbers are a subset of triangle numbers which means that you only have to find a number where Hn=Pn. But I can't seem to get my code to work. I only know java language which is why I'm having trouble finding a solution on the net womewhere. Anyway hope someone can help. Here's my code public class NextNumber { public NextNumber() { next(); } public void next() { int n = 144; int i = 165; int p = i * (3 * i - 1) / 2; int h = n * (2 * n - 1); while(p!=h) { n++; h = n * (2 * n - 1); if (h == p) { System.out.println("the next triangular number is" + h); } else { while (h > p) { i++; p = i * (3 * i - 1) / 2; } if (h == p) { System.out.println("the next triangular number is" + h); break; } else if (p > h) { System.out.println("bummer"); } } } } } I realize it's probably a very slow and ineffecient code but that doesn't concern me much at this point I only care about finding the next number even if it would take my computer years :) . Peter

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  • Game AI: Pattern for implementing Sense-Think-Act components?

    - by Rosarch
    I'm developing a game. Each entity in the game is a GameObject. Each GameObject is composed of a GameObjectController, GameObjectModel, and GameObjectView. (Or inheritants thereof.) For NPCs, the GameObjectController is split into: IThinkNPC: reads current state and makes a decision about what to do IActNPC: updates state based on what needs to be done ISenseNPC: reads current state to answer world queries (eg "am I being in the shadows?") My question: Is this ok for the ISenseNPC interface? public interface ISenseNPC { // ... /// <summary> /// True if `dest` is a safe point to which to retreat. /// </summary> /// <param name="dest"></param> /// <param name="angleToThreat"></param> /// <param name="range"></param> /// <returns></returns> bool IsSafeToRetreat(Vector2 dest, float angleToThreat, float range); /// <summary> /// Finds a new location to which to retreat. /// </summary> /// <param name="angleToThreat"></param> /// <returns></returns> Vector2 newRetreatDest(float angleToThreat); /// <summary> /// Returns the closest LightSource that illuminates the NPC. /// Null if the NPC is not illuminated. /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> ILightSource ClosestIlluminatingLight(); /// <summary> /// True if the NPC is sufficiently far away from target. /// Assumes that target is the only entity it could ever run from. /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> bool IsSafeFromTarget(); } None of the methods take any parameters. Instead, the implementation is expected to maintain a reference to the relevant GameObjectController and read that. However, I'm now trying to write unit tests for this. Obviously, it's necessary to use mocking, since I can't pass arguments directly. The way I'm doing it feels really brittle - what if another implementation comes along that uses the world query utilities in a different way? Really, I'm not testing the interface, I'm testing the implementation. Poor. The reason I used this pattern in the first place was to keep IThinkNPC implementation code clean: public BehaviorState RetreatTransition(BehaviorState currentBehavior) { if (sense.IsCollidingWithTarget()) { NPCUtils.TraceTransitionIfNeeded(ToString(), BehaviorState.ATTACK.ToString(), "is colliding with target"); return BehaviorState.ATTACK; } if (sense.IsSafeFromTarget() && sense.ClosestIlluminatingLight() == null) { return BehaviorState.WANDER; } if (sense.ClosestIlluminatingLight() != null && sense.SeesTarget()) { NPCUtils.TraceTransitionIfNeeded(ToString(), BehaviorState.ATTACK.ToString(), "collides with target"); return BehaviorState.CHASE; } return currentBehavior; } Perhaps the cleanliness isn't worth it, however. So, if ISenseNPC takes all the params it needs every time, I could make it static. Is there any problem with that?

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  • What's wrong with my code? (pdcurses/getmaxyx)

    - by flarn2006
    It gives me an access violation on the getmaxyx line (second line in the main function) and also gives me these two warnings: LINK : warning LNK4049: locally defined symbol "_stdscr" imported LINK : warning LNK4049: locally defined symbol "_SP" imported Yes, it's the same code as in another question I asked, it's just that I'm making it more clear. And yes, I have written programs with pdcurses before with no problems. #include <time.h> #include <curses.h> #include "Ball.h" #include "Paddle.h" #include "config.h" int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { int maxY, maxX; getmaxyx(stdscr, maxY, maxX); Paddle *paddleLeft = new Paddle(0, KEY_L_UP, KEY_L_DOWN); Paddle *paddleRight = new Paddle(maxX, KEY_R_UP, KEY_R_DOWN); Ball *ball = new Ball(paddleLeft, paddleRight); int key = 0; initscr(); cbreak(); noecho(); curs_set(0); while (key != KEY_QUIT) { key = getch(); paddleLeft->OnKeyPress(key); paddleRight->OnKeyPress(key); } endwin(); return 0; }

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  • g++ problem with -l option and PostgreSQL

    - by difek
    Hi I've written simple program. Here a code: #include <iostream> #include <stdio.h> #include <D:\Program Files\PostgreSQL\8.4\include\libpq-fe.h> #include <string> using namespace std; int main() { PGconn *conn; PGresult *res; int rec_count; int row; int col; cout << "ble ble: " << 8 << endl; conn = PQconnectdb("dbname=db_pm host=localhost user=postgres password=postgres"); if (PQstatus(conn) == CONNECTION_BAD) { puts("We were unable to connect to the database"); exit(0); } } I'm trying to connect with PostgreSQL. I compile this code with following command: gcc -I/"d:\Program Files\PostgreSQL\" -L/"d:\Program Files\PostgreSQL\8.4\lib\" -lpq -o firstcpp.o firstcpp.cpp This command is from following site: http://www.mkyong.com/database/how-to-building-postgresql-libpq-programs/ And when I compile it I get following error: /cygnus/cygwin-b20/H-i586-cygwin32/i586-cygwin32/bin/ld: cannot open -lpq: No such file or directory collect2: ld returned 1 exit status Does anyone help me? Difek

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  • C: Proper syntax for allocating memory using pointers to pointers.

    - by ~kero-05h
    This is my first time posting here, hopefully I will not make a fool of myself. I am trying to use a function to allocate memory to a pointer, copy text to the buffer, and then change a character. I keep getting a segfault and have tried looking up the answer, my syntax is probably wrong, I could use some enlightenment. /* My objective is to pass a buffer to my Copy function, allocate room, and copy text to it. Then I want to modify the text and print it.*/ #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> int Copy(char **Buffer, char *Text); int main() { char *Text = malloc(sizeof(char) * 100); char *Buffer; strncpy(Text, "1234567890\n", 100); Copy(&Buffer, Text); } int Copy(char **Buffer, char *Text) { int count; count = strlen(Text)+1; *Buffer = malloc(sizeof(char) * count); strncpy(*Buffer, Text, 5); *Buffer[2] = 'A'; /* This results in a segfault. "*Buffer[1] = 'A';" results in no differece in the output. */ printf("%s\n", *Buffer); }

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  • How to implement escape Sequence in SDL

    - by Sa'me Smd
    Im trying to use the STL library inside the SDL. but it gives me the error "undeclared identifier" Is there any way i can use "\n"or even cout<<endl; Can the function SDL_WarpMousewhich places the mouse cursor on a desired location on screen help me with this. Because i want to put a tile on the next line sequence. I hope you get the Question. Its very vague and messed up question though (sorry for that). EDIT: void putMap(SDL_Surface* tile, SDL_Surface* screen) { for(int y = 0; y < 21; y++) { for(int x = 0; x < 60; x++) { if(maze[x][y] != '#') { apply_surface( x*10 , y*10 , tile, screen); } } cout<<endl; } } c:\documents and settings\administrator\my documents\visual studio 2008\projects\craptest\craptest\main.cpp(605) : error C2065: 'cout' : undeclared identifier c:\documents and settings\administrator\my documents\visual studio 2008\projects\craptest\craptest\main.cpp(605) : error C2065: 'endl' : undeclared identifier This is my apply_surface funtion. void apply_surface( int x, int y, SDL_Surface* source, SDL_Surface* destination ) { //Make a temporary rectangle to hold the offsets SDL_Rect offset; //Give the offsets to the rectangle offset.x = x; offset.y = y; //Blit the surface SDL_BlitSurface( source, NULL, destination, &offset ); }

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  • Optimizing a shared buffer in a producer/consumer multithreaded environment

    - by Etan
    I have some project where I have a single producer thread which writes events into a buffer, and an additional single consumer thread which takes events from the buffer. My goal is to optimize this thing for a single machine to achieve maximum throughput. Currently, I am using some simple lock-free ring buffer (lock-free is possible since I have only one consumer and one producer thread and therefore the pointers are only updated by a single thread). #define BUF_SIZE 32768 struct buf_t { volatile int writepos; volatile void * buffer[BUF_SIZE]; volatile int readpos;) }; void produce (buf_t *b, void * e) { int next = (b->writepos+1) % BUF_SIZE; while (b->readpos == next); // queue is full. wait b->buffer[b->writepos] = e; b->writepos = next; } void * consume (buf_t *b) { while (b->readpos == b->writepos); // nothing to consume. wait int next = (b->readpos+1) % BUF_SIZE; void * res = b->buffer[b->readpos]; b->readpos = next; return res; } buf_t *alloc () { buf_t *b = (buf_t *)malloc(sizeof(buf_t)); b->writepos = 0; b->readpos = 0; return b; } However, this implementation is not yet fast enough and should be optimized further. I've tried with different BUF_SIZE values and got some speed-up. Additionaly, I've moved writepos before the buffer and readpos after the buffer to ensure that both variables are on different cache lines which resulted also in some speed. What I need is a speedup of about 400 %. Do you have any ideas how I could achieve this using things like padding etc?

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  • Explain this C# code: byte* p = (byte*) (void*) Scan0;

    - by qulzam
    I found the code from the net in which i cant understand this line:- byte* p = (byte*)(void*)Scan0; There Scan0 is System.IntPtr. It is code of C#.Net. Plz Explain the above line. The complete code is given below. this is code to convert a image in grayscale. public static Image GrayScale(Bitmap b) { BitmapData bmData = b.LockBits(new Rectangle(0, 0, b.Width, b.Height), ImageLockMode.ReadWrite, PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb); int stride = bmData.Stride; System.IntPtr Scan0 = bmData.Scan0; unsafe { byte* p = (byte*)(void*)Scan0; int nOffset = stride - b.Width * 3; byte red, green, blue; for (int y = 0; y < b.Height; ++y) { for (int x = 0; x < b.Width; ++x) { blue = p[0]; green = p[1]; red = p[2]; p[0] = p[1] = p[2] = (byte)(.299 * red + .587 * green + .114 * blue); p += 3; } p += nOffset; } } b.UnlockBits(bmData); return (Image)b; } I understand all the code but only have the problem on this line. byte* p = (byte*)(void*)Scan0;

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  • Draw a position from a 2d Array on respected canvas location

    - by Anon
    Background: I have two 2d arrays. Each index within each 2d array represents a tile which is drawn on a square canvas suitable for 8 x 8 tiles. The first 2d array represents the ground tiles and is looped and drawn on the canvas using the following code: //Draw the map from the land 2d array map = new Canvas(mainFrame, 20, 260, 281, 281); for(int i=0; i < world.length; i++){ for(int j=0; j < world[i].length; j++){ for(int x=0; x < 280; x=x+35){ for(int y=0; y < 280; y=y+35){ Point p = new Point(x,y); map.add(new RectangleObject(p,35,35,Colour.green)); } } } } This creates a grid of green tiles 8 x 8 across as intended. The second 2d array represents the position on the ground. This 2d array has everyone of its indexes as null apart from one which is comprised of a Person class. Problem I am unsure of how I can draw the position on the grid. I was thinking of a similar loop, so it draws over the previous 2d array another set of 64 tiles. Only this time they are all transparent but the one tile which isn't null. In other words, the tile where Person is located. I wanted to use a search throughout the loop using a comparative if statement along the lines of if(!(world[] == null)){ map.add(new RectangleObject(p,35,35,Colour.red));} However my knowledge is limited and I am confused on how to implement it.

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