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• LVM and cloning HDs

  - by jcea

  Using Linux, I have several backup levels. One of them is a periodical sector by sector copy (using dd) of my laptop harddisk to an external USB disk. Yes, I have other backups too, like remote rsync. This approach (the disk dd) is OK when cloning a HDD with no LVM volumes, since I can plug the external disk anytime and mount the partitions simply mounting /dev/sdb* instead of /dev/sda*. Trivial and handy. Today I moved ALL my harddisk (including the /boot) to LVM. Everything works fine. I will stress it for a couple of days, and then I will do a sector by sector copy to my external harddisk. Now I have a problem, I guess. If in the future I plug the external USB HDD to recover any file, the OS will detect a duplicate LVM configuration, with the same name and the same UUID. Even doing a vgrename (which LVM would be renamed, the internal HDD or the external HDD?), the cloned UUID will not change. Is there any command to change name and UUID? Ideally I would clone the HDD and then change the LVM group name and its UUID, but I don't know how to do it. Another related issue would be... In the past I have booted my laptop using the external disk, using the BIOS boot menu and changing GRUB entries manually to boot from /dev/sdb instead of /dev/sda. But now my current GRUB configuration boots directly from a LVM logical volume, something like: set root='(LVM-root)' in my grub.cfg. So... What is going to happen with duplicated volumes? Any suggestion? I guess I could repartition my external harddisk and change backup strategy from dd to rsync, but this disk has windows installed too, and I really would like to have a physical "real" copy.

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• Batch file to create many files with special characters

  - by MollyO

  Essential info: I have a file "DB_OUTPUT.TXT" with 304 lines that I need to turn into 304 files (one per line). Each line contains many special characters and may be up to tens of thousands of characters long. For these reasons, I'm having difficulty using a cmd.exe batch file (which limits the amount of input) and the echo command (which would try to execute each special character, short of me having to escape them all). I also have a file "DB_OUTPUT_FILENAMES.TXT" containing a distinct filename for each line-soon-to-be-file from "db_output.txt". So line 1 of DB_OUTPUT.TXT needs to be the body of a new file with a name equal to line 1 of DB_OUTPUT_FILENAMES.TXT. Extra info: As you may have guessed, DB_OUTPUT.TXT is output from a database; it contains 304 records with 6 or 7 columns at a fixed width with the last column being a SQL query. Each of these lines (db records) will be used as a script to create new database objects, which is why the special characters need to be preserved. Question: Is there a way to do this in a batch-like fashion? I'd be happy with either a Windows solution or a Linux one.

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• Provisioning DELL servers using only linux tools

  - by Krist van Besien

  We have taken delivery of a bunch off Dell Poweredge Rack servers. Unfortunately when ordering it was neglegted to ask for dhcp to be enabled in the built in iDRAC controlers... So they are all stuck on the same IP address. Which means that I'll have to go to each of them individually and configure a new IP in the console... In the future I want to avoid that. Now Dell proposes to deliver the next batch with auto discovery enabled. As I understand this means that when the machine wakes up for the first time the iDRAC will request a DHCP address. The DHCP server then supposedly also provides a "provisioning" server, that provides it with a username and password, and a configuration to be applied. This would allow us to for example configure things like RAID automatically. However, I can't seem to find a way to set up such a provisioning server that does not involve setting up a windows machine. I want to use Linux tools exclusively. Is there a way to do this? I want to just rack servers, switch them on, and then do everything remotely. And that using only linux tools?

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• Cannot properly read files on the local server

  - by Andrew Bestic

  I'm running a RedHat 6.2 Amazon EC2 instance using stock Apache and IUS PHP53u+MySQL (+mbstring, +mysqli, +mcrypt), and phpMyAdmin from git. All configuration is near-vanilla, assuming the described installation procedure. I've been trying to import SQL files into the database using phpMyAdmin to read them from a directory on my server. phpMyAdmin lists the files fine in the drop down, but returns a "File could not be read" error when actually trying to import. Furthermore, when trying to execute file_get_contents(); on the file, it also returns a "failed to open stream: Permission denied" error. In fact, when my brother was attempting to import the SQL files using MySQL "SOURCE" as an authenticated MySQL user with ALL PRIVILEGES, he was getting an error reading the file. It seems that we are unable to read/import these files with ANY method other than root under SSH (although I can't say I've tried every possible method). I have never had this issue under regular CentOS (5, 6, 6.2) installations with the same LAMP stack configuration. Some things I've tried after searching Google and StackExchange: CHMOD 0777 both directory and files, CHOWN root, apache (only two users I can think of that PHP would use), Importing SQL files with total size under both upload_max_filesize and post_max_size, PHP open_basedir commented out, or = "/var/www" (my sites are using Apache VirtualHosts within that directory, and all the SQL files are deep within that directory), PHP safe mode is OFF (it was never ON) At the moment I have solved this issue with the smaller files by using the FILE UPLOAD method directly to phpMyAdmin, but this will not be suitable for uploading my 200+ MiB SQL files as I don't have a stable Internet connection. Any light you could shed on this situation would be greatly appreciated. I'm fair with Linux, and for the things that do stump me, Google usually has an answer. Not this time, though!

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• Create a partition table on a hardware RAID1 drive with [c]fdisk

  - by Lev Levitsky

  My question is, is there a reason for this not to work? Details: I have two 500 Gb drives, and my motherboard RAID support, so I created a RAID1 array and booted from a Linux live medium. I then listed the disks and, apart from the obvious /dev/sda, /dev/sdb, etc. there was /dev/md126 which, I figured, was the mirrored "virtual" drive. Its size was 475 Gb; I had seen that the size of the array would be smaller than 500 Gb when I was creating it, so no surprise there. I did cfdisk /dev/md126, created the necessary partitions and chose write. It's been about half an hour now, I think. It doesn't seem like it's ever going to finish. The only thing about cfdisk in dmesg is that it's "blocked for more than 120 seconds". Doing fdisk -l /dev/md126 in another terminal I see all three partitions I created and a note that "Partition 1 does not start on a physical sector boundary". The table is lost after reboot, though. I tried to partition /dev/sda individually, and it worked, the table was written in about a second. The "not on a physical sector boundary" message is there, too. EDIT: I tried fdisk on /dev/sda, then there were no messages about sector boundaries. After a reboot, I am able to use mkfs on /dev/dm126p1, etc. fdisk shows that /dev/md126 has the same partitions as /dev/sda (but /dev/sdb doesn't have any). But at some point ("writing superblock and filesystem accounting information") mkfs is also blocked. Using it on sda1 results in a "partition is used by the system" error. What can be the problem? EDIT 2: I booted a freshly updated system from a pendrive and was able to create partition table and filesystems on /dev/md126 without any apparent problems. Was it an issue with the support of the hardware? My MB is Asus P9X79.

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• Scripting an 'empty' password in /etc/shadow

  - by paddy

  I've written a script to add CVS and SVN users on a Linux server (Slackware 14.0). This script creates the user if necessary, and either copies the user's SSH key from an existing shell account or generates a new SSH key. Just to be clear, the accounts are specifically for SVN or CVS. So the entry in /home/${username}/.ssh/authorized_keys begins with (using CVS as an example): command="/usr/bin/cvs server",no-port-forwarding,no-agent-forwarding,no-X11-forwarding,no-pty ssh-rsa ....etc...etc...etc... Actual shell access will never be allowed for these users - they are purely there to provide access to our source repositories via SSH. My problem is that when I add a new user, they get an empty password in /etc/shadow by default. It looks like: paddycvs:!:15679:0:99999:7::: If I leave the shadow file as is (with the !), SSH authentication fails. To enable SSH, I must first run passwd for the new user and enter something. I have two issues with doing that. First, it requires user input which I can't allow in this script. Second, it potentially allows the user to login at the physical terminal (if they have physical access, which they might, and know the secret password -- okay, so that's unlikely). The way I normally prevent users from logging in is to set their shell to /bin/false, but if I do that then SSH doesn't work either! Does anyone have a suggestion for scripting this? Should I simply use sed or something and replace the relevant line in the shadow file with a preset encrypted secret password string? Or is there a better way? Cheers =)

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• Notebook Operating System with extreme support cycles/security updates

  - by leto

  Hello there, after reading the announcements about Mac OS X "Lion" and Apples political decision, I've had enough. I'm a longtime Apple User since 1992, have always felt at home there, but am trying to switch to alternative Operating System since a year. I've also been working with Unix machines since 2001, so I'm looking in one of the free Unices or a Linux. Since I last looked at the desktop in 2002 choke much has changed, it seems. So I'm lost once more in the war between desktop environments and software. To be honest: I don't care what it's name is, I want to get my job done. Here's what I set me as landmark for an operating system/software to be considered: Has to be atleast four years old Has to supply security updates for current release for atleast a year Production quality stability for the whole desktop environment (!) No f****g commercial stuff that tends to supply me with privacy invading App Store or Cloud space So far I'm running a MacBook from 2007, 4 Gig memory, 250 Gig disk and I need: IMAPs for Mail since 1995 Webbrowser sic Shell Keeping current with Updates/Upgrades with no more than 5 Minutes spent in entering commands (makes it hard for OpenBSD ;-) ) A desktop filemanger would be nice, but is a bonus. What can you suggest as operating system? The one with the longest support cycles and best chance to survive the next 10 years will win a new user, even sending patches when needed :-) Greets

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• Ext3 fs: Block bitmap for group 1 not in group (block 0). is fs dead?

  - by ip

  My company has a server with one big partition with Mysql database and php files. Now this partition seems to be corrupted, as reported from kernel messages when I tried to mount it manually: [329862.817837] EXT3-fs error (device loop1): ext3_check_descriptors: Block bitmap for group 1 not in group (block 0)! [329862.817846] EXT3-fs: group descriptors corrupted! I've tried to recovery it running tools from a PLD livecd. These are the tools I have tested: - e2retrieve - testdisk - photorec - dd_rescue/dd_rhelp - ddrescue - fsck.ext2 - e2salvage without any success. dumpe2fs 1.41.3 (12-Oct-2008) Filesystem volume name: /dev/sda3 Last mounted on: <not available> Filesystem UUID: dd51610b-6de0-4392-a6f3-67160dbc0343 Filesystem magic number: 0xEF53 Filesystem revision #: 1 (dynamic) Filesystem features: has_journal filetype sparse_super Default mount options: (none) Filesystem state: not clean with errors Errors behavior: Continue Filesystem OS type: Linux Inode count: 9502720 Block count: 18987570 Reserved block count: 949378 Free blocks: 11555345 Free inodes: 11858398 First block: 0 Block size: 4096 Fragment size: 4096 Blocks per group: 32768 Fragments per group: 32768 Inodes per group: 16384 Inode blocks per group: 512 Last mount time: Wed Mar 24 09:31:03 2010 Last write time: Mon Apr 12 11:46:32 2010 Mount count: 10 Maximum mount count: 30 Last checked: Thu Jan 1 01:00:00 1970 Check interval: 0 (<none>) Reserved blocks uid: 0 (user root) Reserved blocks gid: 0 (group root) First inode: 11 Inode size: 128 Journal inode: 8 Journal backup: inode blocks dumpe2fs: A block group is missing an inode table while reading journal inode e2fsck 1.41.3 (12-Oct-2008) fsck.ext3: Group descriptors look bad... trying backup blocks... fsck.ext3: A block group is missing an inode table while checking ext3 journal for /dev/sda3 I tried also backup superblocks, same error result. There's any other tools I have to test before considering these disk definitely unrecoverable? Many thanks, ip

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• SSH into remote server using Public-private keys

  - by maria

  Hi, I have recently setup ssh on two linux machines (lets call them server-a, client-b). I have generated two ssh auth files on client-b machine using ssh key gen and can see both public and private files in .ssh dir. I have named them 'example' and 'example.pub'. Then I have added example.pub to sever-a's auth file. When I try to ssh into server-a it still requests a password authentication where as I want a password less login (private key on client-b is setup without password). When I try to ssh with '-v' .. get the following output: debug1: Next authentication method: publickey debug1: Trying private key: /Users/abc/.ssh/identity debug1: Offering public key: /Users/abc/.ssh/id_rsa debug2: we sent a publickey packet, wait for reply debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,keyboard-interactive debug1: Offering public key: /Users/abc/.ssh/id_dsa debug2: we sent a publickey packet, wait for reply debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,keyboard-interactive debug2: we did not send a packet, disable method debug1: Next authentication method: keyboard-interactive debug2: userauth_kbdint debug2: we sent a keyboard-interactive packet, wait for reply debug2: input_userauth_info_req debug2: input_userauth_info_req: num_prompts 1 Password: Please help.

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• su not giving proper message for restricted LDAP groups

  - by user1743881

  I have configured PAM authentication on Linux box to restrict particular group only to login. I have enabled pam and ldap through authconfig and modified access.conf like below, [root@test root]# tail -1 /etc/security/access.conf - : ALL EXCEPT root test-auth : ALL Also modified sudoers file, to get su for this group <code> [root@test ~]# tail -1 /etc/sudoers %test-auth ALL=/bin/su</code> Now, only this ldap group members can login to system. However when from any of this authorized user, I tried for su, it asks for password and then though I enter correct password it gives message like Incorrect password and login failed. /var/log/secure shows that user is not having permission to get the access, but then it should print message like Access denied.The way it prints for console login. My functionality is working but its no giving proper messages. Could anyone please help on this. My /etc/pam.d/su file, [root@test root]# cat /etc/pam.d/su #%PAM-1.0 auth sufficient pam_rootok.so # Uncomment the following line to implicitly trust users in the "wheel" group. #auth sufficient pam_wheel.so trust use_uid # Uncomment the following line to require a user to be in the "wheel" group. #auth required pam_wheel.so use_uid auth include system-auth account sufficient pam_succeed_if.so uid = 0 use_uid quiet account include system-auth password include system-auth session include system-auth session optional pam_xauth.so

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• Allignment of ext3 partition on LVM RAID volume group

  - by John P

  I'm trying to add a partition on a LVM that resides on a RAID6 volume group and fdisk is complaining about the partition not residing on a physical sector boundry. My question is, how do you calculate the correct starting sector for a partition on a LVM? This partition will be formated ext3. Would it be better to just format the LVM directly instead of creating a new partition? Disk /dev/dedvol/backup: 2199.0 GB, 2199023255552 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 267349 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 1048576 bytes / 8388608 bytes Disk identifier: 0x4e428f49 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/dedvol/backup1 63 267349 2146982827+ 83 Linux Partition 1 does not start on physical sector boundary. lvdisplay /dev/dedvol/backup --- Logical volume --- LV Name /dev/dedvol/backup VG Name dedvol LV UUID OV2n5j-7LHb-exJL-t8dI-dU8A-2vxf-uIicCt LV Write Access read/write LV Status available # open 0 LV Size 2.00 TiB Current LE 524288 Segments 1 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto - currently set to 32768 Block device 253:1 vgdisplay dedvol --- Volume group --- VG Name dedvol System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 1 Metadata Sequence No 3 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 2 Open LV 1 Max PV 0 Cur PV 1 Act PV 1 VG Size 14.55 TiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 3815448 Alloc PE / Size 3670016 / 14.00 TiB Free PE / Size 145432 / 568.09 GiB VG UUID 8fBcOk-aXGx-P3Qy-VVpJ-0zK1-fQgy-Cb691J

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• How to interpret iozone values

  - by Henno

  I ran a test to measure my I/O IOPS on Linux: iozone -s 4g -r 2k -r 4k -r 8k -r 16k -r 32k -O -b /tmp/results.xls iozone claims that output is in operations per second yet the numbers are too big for that to be plausible. I'm observing some 320 CMDs/s maximum on vmware esx console (esxtop, then v). File size set to 4194304 KB Record Size 2 KB Record Size 4 KB Record Size 8 KB Record Size 16 KB Record Size 32 KB OPS Mode. Output is in operations per second. Command line used: iozone -s 4g -r 2k -r 4k -r 8k -r 16k -r 32k -O -b tmpresults.xls Time Resolution = 0.000001 seconds. Processor cache size set to 1024 Kbytes. Processor cache line size set to 32 bytes. File stride size set to 17 * record size. random random bkwd record stride KB reclen write rewrite read reread read write read rewrite read fwrite frewrite fread freread 4194304 2 19025 5580 27581 29848 284 198 415 1103217 1498 18541 4340 24245 25618 4194304 4 15650 21942 18962 21068 252 1198 193 976164 1677 22802 23093 21089 21232 4194304 8 11121 11638 10273 10165 247 1196 202 625020^C The test ran for 15 hours before I pressed ^C. Is that ordinary expectation for such command line (dedicated 4 drive RAID10 LUN, 10k RPM SAS drives in EMC CX300)?

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• Mysqld increases the load on the CPU and drops after flush-tables

  - by mirage

  Help please advice on the issue. Normal load on the cpu 20-30% us + sy. After restoring the database files from the slave server (same version) began a periodic problem. mysql starts to load the cpu at 100% (us + sy grows proportionally). The queue is growing, everything slows down. But with mysqladmin flush-tables are normalized for a few hours. Dedicated linux server running mysql 2 x E5506 24Gb RAM, database size 50Gb. [OK] Currently running supported MySQL version 5.0.51a-24 + lenny4-log [OK] Operating on 64-bit architecture -------- Storage Engine Statistics --------------------------------------- ---- [-] Status: + Archive-BDB-Federated + InnoDB-ISAM-NDBCluster [-] Data in MyISAM tables: 33G (Tables: 1474) [-] Data in InnoDB tables: 1G (Tables: 4) [-] Data in MEMORY tables: 120K (Tables: 3) [-] Reads / Writes: 91% / 9% [-] Total buffers: 12.8M per thread and 7.1G global [OK] Maximum possible memory usage: 15.8G (66% of installed RAM) 4000 - 5500 rps key_buffer = 1536M max_allowed_packet = 2M table_cache = 4096 sort_buffer_size = 409584 read_buffer_size = 128K read_rnd_buffer_size = 8M myisam_sort_buffer_size = 64M thread_cache_size = 500 query_cache_size = 100M thread_concurrency = 24 max_connections = 700 tmp_table_size = 4096M join_buffer_size = 4M max_heap_table_size = 4096M query_cache_limit = 1M low_priority_updates = 1 concurrent_insert = 2 wait_timeout = 30 server-id = 1 log_bin = /var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.log expire_logs_days = 10 max_binlog_size = 100M innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1536M innodb_log_buffer_size = 4M innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2 How to solve the problem?

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• Bridging my laptop's wireless and wired adaptors

  - by stacey.richards

  I would like to be able to connect a desktop computer that does not have a wireless adapter to my wireless network. I could just run a network cable from my ADSL/wireless router to the desktop computer but sometimes this is not practical. What I would really like to do is bridge my laptop's wireless and wired adapters in such a way that I can run a network cable from my laptop to a switch and another network cable from the switch to a desktop computer so that the desktop computer can access the Internet through my ADSL/wireless router via my latop: +--------------------+ |ADSL/wireless router| +--------------------+ | +-------------------------+ |laptop's wireless adaptor| | | |laptop's wired adaptor | +-------------------------+ | +------+ |switch| +------+ | +-----------------------+ |desktop's wired adapter| +-----------------------+ A bit of Googling suggests that I can do this by bridging my laptop's wireless and wired adapters. In Windows XP's Network Connections I select both the Local Area Connection and the Wireless Network Connection, right click and select Bridge Connections. From what I gather, this (layer 2?) bridge will examine the MAC address of traffic coming from the wireless network and pass it through to the wired network if it suspects that a network adapter with that MAC address may be on the wired side, and vice-versa. If this is the case, I would assume that when the desktop computer attempts to get an IP address from a DHCP server (which is running on the ADSL/wireless router), it would send a DHCP broadcast packet which would pass through the laptop's bridge to the router and the reply would return through the laptop's bridge back to the desktop. This doesn't happen. With some more Googling I find some instruction how this can be done with Linux. I reboot to Ubuntu 9.10 and type the following: sudo apt-get install bridge-utils sudo brctl addbr br0 sudo brctl addif br0 wlan0 sudo brctl addif br0 eth0 sudo ipconfig wlan0 0.0.0.0 sudo ipconfig eth0 0.0.0.0 Once again, the desktop cannot reach the ADSL/wireless router. I suspect that I'm missing some simple important step. Can anyone shed some light on this for me?

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• Creating Routes using the second NIC in the box

  - by Aditya Sehgal

  OS: Linux I need some advice on how to set up the routing table. I have a box with two physical NIC cards eth0 & eth1 with two associated IPs IP1 & IP2 (both of the same subnet). I need to setup a route which will force all messages from IP1 towards IP3 (of the same subnet) to go via IP2. I have a raw socket capture program listening on IP2 (This is not for malicious use). I have set up the routing table as Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface IP3 IP2 255.255.255.255 UGH 0 0 0 eth1 If I try to specify eth0 while adding the above rule, I get an error "SIOCADDRT: Network is unreachable". I understand from the manpage of route that if the GW specified is a local interface, then that would be use as the outgoing interface. After setting up this rule, if i do a traceroute (-i eth0), the packet goes first to the default gateway and then to IP3. How do I force the packet originating from eth0 towards IP3 to first come to IP2. I cannot make changes to the routing table of the gateway. Please suggest.

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• Does MySQL have some kind of DoS protection or per-user query limit?

  - by Ghostrider

  I'm a bit at a loss. I'm running a MySQL database that's roughly 1GB data in indices combined on a dedicated Linux server. DB version is '5.0.89-community'. Configuration is controlled via cPanel. PHP actually runs elsewhere on a shared hosting. IP addresses are static and don't change. Access from remote IP address is properly configured. Website gets around 10K hits per day with each hit generating a a database query. Some of these queries are expensive (~1 sec execution time). All is fine and well until at some point DB server starts refusing connections from the client, claiming that specific user can't access the server from that IP. Resetting the server will always fix the problem for a day or two and then the same thing happens. There are some other DBs on that server, some of which are hit pretty hard on occasion but constantnly. One of the apps maintains several persistent connections since it does couple of updates per minute. Though I don't think it's related. What's driving me mad is that I can't figure out why server would start refusing connections. There is nothing in the logs. This server is a hosted dedicated server so hosting company created the OS image and I didn't write or go over every line of configuration. I'd do it but I'm at a loss as to where start looking. Any advice is appreciated.

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• Understanding the Mounting of a Filesystem

  - by Tom H.

  I'm new to linux and want to check my understanding of how mounting/filesystems work. I read related manpages, but just want to be sure. I have a partition say /dev/sda5 that is currently mounted to /home with various subdirs. It is my understanding that this means /dev/sda5 has its own portable filesystem that can be moved anywhere in the main filesystem. Questions: If I unmount /dev/sda5 from /home (# umount /home) and then mount it to /var/www/ (which is empty) (# mount -t ext3 /dev/sda5 /var/www) and replace the fstab entry, with /dev/sda5 /var/www ext3 defaults,noatime,nodev 1 2 and # mount -a, Q1) are all of the contents of /home now accessible under /var/www/ (i.e. /home/username -> /var/www/username)? Q2) Are all of the permissions from the /home filesystem kept intact in this new location? Anything else I should be concerned with? Just want to make sure I don't go wipe/corrupt anything. Coming from Windows the filesystem architecture takes getting used to (though I'm loving the flexibility!).

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• Ubuntu purple splash screen with blinking pixels?

  - by joxnas

  I had ubuntu 9.10 I upgraded to 10.04 after solving some problems (freeze at boot). Since then, I don't have the ubuntu's logo showing up when I boot, but a purple screen with some blinking pixels. I didn't care much about it... but today my computer took too long at that screen (normally it was just 1/4 second, but today it was like a minute..). And it happened like 4 or 5 times in a row (Only at the 5th time I realised that it was not freezing up, but it simply would took more time) After a reboot, it is again 1/4 second of purple screen but I don't want this problem to return.. so I want to get rid of the purple screen (I think it is an indicator of the problem) Well, I already installed the graphic drivers (going to system admnistration hardware drivers). But it didn't solve anything. (I don't know if it is even related) I searched in google, found something old (2006) and I think it maybe has some relation with my problems .. http://ubuntuforums.org/archive/index.php/t-294692.html But couldn't understand the conversation (i'm a linux novice) Sorry for my horrible english.. I would appreciate any help! My hardware: ATI Mobility Radeon 4650 HD P7450 2.13Ghz Core 2 Duo

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• Linux on HP Envy

  - by Oscar Godson

  OK, the Ubuntu forums aren't helping and I thought maybe you guys here could help. First off, does anyone know the best flavor of Linux to use on an HP Envy? what has the best support out of the box? If not, does anyone know how the hell to get the following to work on Ubuntu 10.04: The touchpad to work at all? Right now, right clicking doesnt work at at all, and left clicks dont work while you have another finger on the pad at all. It jumps all over. ALSO, the multi-touch isn't clickable, but it's for sure a multi-touch touchpad. Works in W7 and can do things like a MBP in W7 The computer feels like it's on fire... i think im missing some driver. Seems odd that the random meta keys like calc, email, brightness, right click, etc work, but not the touchpad? The video card seems fine, but i haven't tested compiz fully yet... Thanks so much to anyone who helps. i want to get back to linux after a couple years on Mac. :)

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• iptables captive portal remove user

  - by Burgos

  I followed this guide: http://aryo.info/labs/captive-portal-using-php-and-iptables.html I am implementing captive portal using iptables. I've setup web server and iptables on linux router, and everything is working as it should. I can allow user to access internet with sudo iptables -I internet -t mangle -m mac --mac-source USER_MAC_ADDRESS -j RETURN and I can remove access with sudo iptables -D internet -t mangle -m mac --mac-source USER_MAC_ADDRESS -j RETURN However, on removal, user can still open last viewed page as many times he wants (if he restart his Ethernet adapter, future connections will be closed). On blog page I found a script /usr/sbin/conntrack -L \ |grep $1 \ |grep ESTAB \ |grep 'dport=80' \ |awk \ "{ system(\"conntrack -D --orig-src $1 --orig-dst \" \ substr(\$6,5) \" -p tcp --orig-port-src \" substr(\$7,7) \" \ --orig-port-dst 80\"); }" Which should remove their "redirection" connection track, as it is written, but when I execute that script, nothing happens - user still have access to that page. When I execute /usr/sbin/conntrack -L | grep USER_IP after executing script I am having nothing returned, so my questions: Is there anything else that can help me clean these track? Obviously - I can't reset nor mine, nor users network adapter.

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• Multimaster Keepalived Configuration (Virtual IP with Load Balancing)

  - by Rad Akefirad

  Here are requirements: 1. High Availability 2. Load Balancing First configuration 1. Two linux servers have been configured with one static IP for each: 10.17.243.11, 10.17.243.12 2. Keepalived has been installed and configured with one VRRP instance to provide one virtual IP (10.17.243.10 as VIP, 10.17.243.11 as master and 10.17.243.12 as backup). 3. Everything works fine. The VIP is assigned to the master server (10.17.243.11) as long as it is up and running. As soon as it goes down, the VIP will be assigned to the backup server (10.17.243.12). 4. The problem here is all communication goes to the master server. Second configuration 1. I found active-active configuration for Keepalived which is possible by defining more than one VRRP instance. So that both server have two IPs (real 10.17.243.11 and virtual 10.17.243.10 for server #1 and real 10.17.243.12 and virtual 10.17.243.20 for server #2. 2. Everything works fine. we have two VIPs which are accessible (HA). But all communication coming to each IP still goes to one single machine (either server #1 or #2 depending on the IP). However I found some tricks on the DNS to overcome this limitation. But it's not acceptable in our case. Question: Is there any way to have one virtual IP which is assigned to both servers? By that I mean both servers are handling some part of workload (like the thing we do in web server load balancing)? By using either keepalived or some other tools? Thanks in advance.

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• CentOS Latency High Troubleshooting

  - by Sarah Weinberger

  I have two CentOS servers connected via a 10 Gb fiber optic cable with a network emulator connected between them. All three units sit on a desk in the lab. There is also a regular 1 Gbit Ethernet cable connected to each of the machines, which provide internet connectivity. When I set the latency to something roughly below 30 ms, all is fine. When the latency gets to 70ms and above, and definitely 130ms, the network layer suspends. For instance, if I set the latency (delay) to 70ms, then launching TeamViewer (or any other application that uses network connectivity) never happens or does not work. There is no timeout message, simply no response. I have to lower to latency back down to zero to see any response and have the box start working. What is the problem and how would I go about fixing it? It seems to me some sort of setting in Linux causes one of the CentOS networking drivers to sit in an infinite loop or something. eth0 is the connection to the internet, all settings are default eth2 is the 10 Gbit fiber optic connection to the other computer with the MTU set to 9600 with all other parameters at default values.

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• Gnome-panel disappearance in Ubuntu 10.10

  - by jurchiks

  Just today, after about a week of somewhat normal running (I'm a total beginner in Linux and the level of amazingly stupid problems I encountered made me go nuts), today my panel disappeared (the one with Applications/System menus, you'd call it taskbar in Windows). Also, Alt+F2 doesn't work and Ctrl+Alt+Backspace has no effect (I'd think it's supposed to do something). I tried the solution posted here: Panel doesn't show at startup at Ubuntu 10.04 No luck, didn't change absolutely anything. I also couldn't find the .gconf and .gconfd folders using search, so couldn't try that option. There were ones that had same names but without the dot though, but there were several so I didn't risk. What could possibly be the reason for this? All I did yesterday was try to install some updates (another extremely dumb problem - doesn't allow to install even the official updates - "insecure sources" or smth like that, tried fixing it with some tutorials on the net but in the end it worked only for half a day and went back to refusal mode :@) and very few tools from the Ubuntu Software Center, but nothing that would change system settings just by installing it.

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• Keeping Xv Overlay configuration throughout an X session.

  - by kriss

  After upgrading my Linux system from Ubuntu 9.04 to Ubuntu 10.10, I suceeded correcting most problems (all related to Intel 82865G Integrated Graphics Adapter support and compiz is still not working but that's another matter) but for one I only have a partial solution. Whenever I play a video the colors are much too saturated. This is really a problem for tones of skins that appears reddish (everyone seems to be coming back from a ski vacation with deep sun burns). As this effect only occurs with videos, not with pictures, I finally figured out it was related to Video Overlays configuration and I can correct it typing: xvattr -a XV_SATURATION -v 120 This change the default saturation value, which is 500 and much too high in my case, at eye sight the correct value seems to be between 100 and 150. Now my problem is that I have to type the above command each time I run a video. If I type it before running the video it has no effect, if I close the video and open a new one, I have to type it again, etc. I tried to put it in Xsession and (logically) it has no effect either. How could I do to get the correct setting whenever I run a video without typing the above command every time ?

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• How to create a software raid5 array without a spare

  - by Yannick M.

  I am trying to create a software raid5 array using mdadm: $ linux # mdadm --create --verbose /dev/md0 --level=5 --raid-devices=4 --spare-devices=0 /dev/sda1 /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdc1 /dev/sdd1 mdadm: layout defaults to left-symmetric mdadm: chunk size defaults to 64K mdadm: array /dev/md0 started. However when inspecting /proc/mdstat Personalities : [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] md0 : active raid5 sdd1[4] sdc1[2] sdb1[1] sda1[0] 2930279808 blocks level 5, 64k chunk, algorithm 2 [4/3] [UUU_] [>....................] recovery = 0.3% (2970496/976759936) finish=186.1min speed=87172K/sec unused devices: <none> It seems one drive isn't active, so I check the details of the array: /dev/md0: Version : 00.90.03 Creation Time : Tue Jul 21 16:29:53 2009 Raid Level : raid5 Array Size : 2930279808 (2794.53 GiB 3000.61 GB) Used Dev Size : 976759936 (931.51 GiB 1000.20 GB) Raid Devices : 4 Total Devices : 4 Preferred Minor : 0 Persistence : Superblock is persistent Update Time : Tue Jul 21 16:29:53 2009 State : clean, degraded, recovering Active Devices : 3 Working Devices : 4 Failed Devices : 0 Spare Devices : 1 Layout : left-symmetric Chunk Size : 64K Rebuild Status : 0% complete UUID : ce8b2f40:821d003c:0027688e:a70977ec Events : 0.1 Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 0 8 1 0 active sync /dev/sda1 1 8 17 1 active sync /dev/sdb1 2 8 33 2 active sync /dev/sdc1 4 8 49 3 spare rebuilding /dev/sdd1 And it seems there are only 3 active devices, with one spare. Is it just me, or something wrong here?

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