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  • How do you PEP 8-name a class whose name is an acronym?

    - by Arrieta
    I try to adhere to the style guide for Python code (also known as PEP 8). Accordingly, the preferred way to name a class is using CamelCase: Almost without exception, class names use the CapWords convention. Classes for internal use have a leading underscore in addition. How can I be consistent with PEP 8 if my class name is formed by two acronyms (which in proper English should be capitalized). For instance, if my class name was 'NASA JPL', what would you name it?: class NASAJPL(): # 1 class NASA_JPL(): # 2 class NasaJpl(): # 3 I am using #1, but it looks weird; #3 looks weird too, and #2 seems to violate PEP 8. Thoughts?

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  • Eclipse vs Netbeans

    - by Zenzen
    Some time ago (~4-5months ago) I attented a lecture about JEE and at some point the lecturer started talking about webservices and how hard it is to create a good one because all the IDEs make them in a bit different way (or something like that) and that in general it's better to use Netbeans to create them as Eclipse has some issues, the thing is he didn't really say why Eclipse is bad. Now I'm wondering is what he said true and why, is it really better to use Netbeans for webservices and why?

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  • Interpreted vs. Compiled vs. Late-Binding

    - by zubin71
    Python is compiled into an intermediate bytecode(pyc) and then executed. So, there is a compilation followed by interpretation. However, long-time Python users say that Python is a "late-binding" language and that it should`nt be referred to as an interpreted language. How would Python be different from another interpreted language? Could you tell me what "late-binding" means, in the Python context? Java is another language which first has source code compiled into bytecode and then interpreted into bytecode. Is Java an interpreted/compiled language? How is it different from Python in terms of compilation/execution? Java is said to not have, "late-binding". Does this have anything to do with Java programs being slighly faster than Python? Itd be great if you could also give me links to places where people have already discussed this; id love to read more on this. Thank you.

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  • link with static library vs individual object files

    - by dododo
    For a reason i want to unpack a static lib (libx.a) into individual object files (a.o b.o c.o), and specify these object files (a.o b.o c.o) in the linker input list instead of libx.a, with other linker options remaining the same. However, i have noticed the above change has resulted in quite some difference in the output executable. Basically, (a.o b.o c.o) method will result in larger output size. So what's the difference between the two methods (libx.a and individual object files)? And is there a way to work around? The GNU binutil (for and ar ld) version i'm using is 2.16.1 Thanks.

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  • Dynamic sql vs stored procedures - pros and cons?

    - by skyeagle
    I have read many strong views (both for and against) SPs or DS. I am writing a query engine in C++ (mySQL backend for now, though I may decide to go with a C++ ORM). I cant decide whether to write a SP, or to dynamically creat the SQL and send the query to the db engine.# Any tips on how to decide?

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  • SEO Google - Navigation Title vs. Page Heading

    - by louism
    Hi, i was wondering if anyone knows if theres a connection between what a navigation item is named and the page heading it goes to - does this have an impact on SEO? so for example, if i had in my navigation menu an item called About Us, but when you click it you come to a page with the heading Learn Who We Are (i.e. wrapped in [h1] heading tags) because there isnt an exact one-to-one match, is that a bad thing in terms of SEO? thanks

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  • QWebFrame::evaluateJavaScript vs. script-tag in HTML

    - by jwg
    Hi, I want to develop an application that uses QtWebKit and JQuery. What I need to know is, is there any difference between reading JQuery from a file and evaluateJavaScript it, or embedding it as a script tag within the "page" that is displayed within the widget? If there is a difference, I am curious if anyone could explain why it would be. As far as I understood it, evaluateJavaScript() would feed the script parameter to the JavaScript interpreter, which interprets it in the current page's context. Thanks.

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  • Performance of Managed C++ Vs UnManaged/native C++

    - by bsobaid
    I am writing a very high performance application that handles and processes hundreds of events every millisecond. Is Unmanaged C++ faster than managed c++? and why? Managed C++ deals with CLR instead of OS and CLR takes care of memory management, which simplifies the code and is probably also more efficient than code written by "a programmer" in unmanaged C++? or there is some other reason? When using managed, how can one then avoid dynamic memory allocation, which causes a performance hit, if it is all transparent to the programmer and handled by CLR? So coming back to my question, Is managed C++ more efficient in terms of speed than unmanaged C++ and why?

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  • Memory issues - Living vs. overall -> app is killed

    - by D33
    I'm trying to check my applications memory issues in Instruments. When I load the application I play some sounds and show some animations in UIImageViews. To save some memory I load the sounds only when I need it and when I stop playing it I free it from the memory. problem 1: My application is using about 5.5MB of Living memory. BUT The Overall section is growing after start to 20MB and then it's slowly growing (about 100kB/sec). But responsible Library is OpenAL (OAL::Buffer), dyld (_dyld_start)-I am not sure what this really is, and some other stuff like ft_mem_qrealloc, CGFontStrikeSetValue, … problem 2: When the overall section breaks about 30MB, application crashes (is killed). According to the facts I already read about overall memory, it means then my all allocations and deallocation is about 30MB. But I don't really see the problem. When I need some sound for example I load it to the memory and when I don't need it anymore I release it. But that means when I load 1MB sound, this operation increase overall memory usage with 2MB. Am I right? And when I load 10 sounds my app crashes just because the fact my overall is too high even living is still low??? I am very confused about it. Could someone please help me clear it up? (I am on iOS 5 and using ARC) SOME CODE: creating the sound OpenAL: MYOpenALSound *sound = [[MyOpenALSound alloc] initWithSoundFile:filename willRepeat:NO]; if(!sound) return; [soundDictionary addObject:sound]; playing: [sound play]; dispatch_after(dispatch_time(DISPATCH_TIME_NOW, ((sound.duration * sound.pitch) + 0.1) * NSEC_PER_SEC), dispatch_get_current_queue(), ^{ [soundDictionary removeObjectForKey:[NSNumber numberWithInt:soundID]]; }); } creating the sound with AVAudioPlayer: [musics replaceObjectAtIndex:ID_MUSIC_MAP withObject:[[Music alloc] initWithFilename:@"mapMusic.mp3" andWillRepeat:YES]]; pom = [musics objectAtIndex:musicID]; [pom playMusic]; and stop and free it: [musics replaceObjectAtIndex:ID_MUSIC_MAP withObject:[NSNull null]]; AND IMAGE ANIMATIONS: I load images from big PNG file (this is realated also to my other topic : Memory warning - UIImageView and its animations) I have few UIImageViews and by time I'm setting animation arrays to play Animations... UIImage *source = [[UIImage alloc] initWithCGImage:[[UIImage imageNamed:@"imageSource.png"] CGImage]]; cutRect = CGRectMake(0*dimForImg.width,1*dimForImg.height,dimForImg.width,dimForImg.height); image1 = [[UIImage alloc] initWithCGImage:CGImageCreateWithImageInRect([source CGImage], cutRect)]; cutRect = CGRectMake(1*dimForImg.width,1*dimForImg.height,dimForImg.width,dimForImg.height); ... image12 = [[UIImage alloc] initWithCGImage:CGImageCreateWithImageInRect([source CGImage], cutRect)]; NSArray *images = [[NSArray alloc] initWithObjects:image1, image2, image3, image4, image5, image6, image7, image8, image9, image10, image11, image12, image12, image12, nil]; and this array I just use simply like : myUIImageView.animationImages = images, ... duration -> startAnimating

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  • Memory efficient collection class

    - by Joe
    I'm building an array of dictionaries (called keys) in my iphone application to hold the section names and row counts for a tableview. the code looks like this: [self.results removeAllObjects]; [self.keys removeAllObjects]; NSUInteger i,j = 0; NSString *key = [NSString string]; NSString *prevKey = [NSString string]; if ([self.allResults count] > 0) { prevKey = [NSString stringWithString:[[[self.allResults objectAtIndex:0] valueForKey:@"name"] substringToIndex:1]]; for (NSDictionary *theDict in self.allResults) { key = [NSString stringWithString:[[theDict valueForKey:@"name"] substringToIndex:1]]; if (![key isEqualToString:prevKey]) { NSDictionary *newDictionary = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys: [NSNumber numberWithInt:i],@"count", prevKey,@"section", [NSNumber numberWithInt:j], @"total",nil]; [self.keys addObject:newDictionary]; prevKey = [NSString stringWithString:key]; i = 1; } else { i++; } j++; } NSDictionary *newDictionary = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys: [NSNumber numberWithInt:i],@"count", prevKey,@"section", [NSNumber numberWithInt:j], @"total",nil]; [self.keys addObject:newDictionary]; } [self.tableview reloadData]; The code works fine first time through but I sometimes have to rebuild the entire table so I redo this code which orks fine on the simulator, but on my device the program bombs when I execute the reloadData line : malloc: *** mmap(size=3772944384) failed (error code=12) *** error: can't allocate region *** set a breakpoint in malloc_error_break to debug malloc: *** mmap(size=3772944384) failed (error code=12) *** error: can't allocate region *** set a breakpoint in malloc_error_break to debug Program received signal: “EXC_BAD_ACCESS”. If I remove the reloadData line the code works on the device. I'm wondering if this is something to do with the way I've built the keys array (ie using autoreleased strings and dictionaries).

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  • Receiving broadcast packets using packet socket

    - by user314336
    Hello I try to send DHCP RENEW packets to the network and receive the responses. I broadcast the packet and I can see that it's successfully sent using Wireshark. But I have difficulties receiving the responses.I use packet sockets to catch the packets. I can see that there are responses to my RENEW packet using Wireshark, but my function 'packet_receive_renew' sometimes catch the packets but sometimes it can not catch the packets. I set the file descriptor using FDSET but the 'select' in my code can not realize that there are new packets for that file descriptor and timeout occurs. I couldn't make it clear that why it sometimes catches the packets and sometimes doesn't. Anybody have an idea? Thanks in advance. Here's the receive function. int packet_receive_renew(struct client_info* info) { int fd; struct sockaddr_ll sock, si_other; struct sockaddr_in si_me; fd_set rfds; struct timeval tv; time_t start, end; int bcast = 1; int ret = 0, try = 0; char buf[1500] = {'\0'}; uint8_t tmp[BUFLEN] = {'\0'}; struct dhcp_packet pkt; socklen_t slen = sizeof(si_other); struct dhcps* new_dhcps; memset((char *) &si_me, 0, sizeof(si_me)); memset((char *) &si_other, 0, sizeof(si_other)); memset(&pkt, 0, sizeof(struct dhcp_packet)); define SERVER_AND_CLIENT_PORTS ((67 << 16) + 68) static const struct sock_filter filter_instr[] = { /* check for udp */ BPF_STMT(BPF_LD|BPF_B|BPF_ABS, 9), BPF_JUMP(BPF_JMP|BPF_JEQ|BPF_K, IPPROTO_UDP, 0, 4), /* L5, L1, is UDP? */ /* skip IP header */ BPF_STMT(BPF_LDX|BPF_B|BPF_MSH, 0), /* L5: */ /* check udp source and destination ports */ BPF_STMT(BPF_LD|BPF_W|BPF_IND, 0), BPF_JUMP(BPF_JMP|BPF_JEQ|BPF_K, SERVER_AND_CLIENT_PORTS, 0, 1), /* L3, L4 */ /* returns */ BPF_STMT(BPF_RET|BPF_K, 0x0fffffff ), /* L3: pass */ BPF_STMT(BPF_RET|BPF_K, 0), /* L4: reject */ }; static const struct sock_fprog filter_prog = { .len = sizeof(filter_instr) / sizeof(filter_instr[0]), /* casting const away: */ .filter = (struct sock_filter *) filter_instr, }; printf("opening raw socket on ifindex %d\n", info->interf.if_index); if (-1==(fd = socket(PF_PACKET, SOCK_DGRAM, htons(ETH_P_IP)))) { perror("packet_receive_renew::socket"); return -1; } printf("got raw socket fd %d\n", fd); /* Use only if standard ports are in use */ /* Ignoring error (kernel may lack support for this) */ if (-1==setsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_ATTACH_FILTER, &filter_prog, sizeof(filter_prog))) perror("packet_receive_renew::setsockopt"); sock.sll_family = AF_PACKET; sock.sll_protocol = htons(ETH_P_IP); //sock.sll_pkttype = PACKET_BROADCAST; sock.sll_ifindex = info->interf.if_index; if (-1 == bind(fd, (struct sockaddr *) &sock, sizeof(sock))) { perror("packet_receive_renew::bind"); close(fd); return -3; } if (-1 == setsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_BROADCAST, &bcast, sizeof(bcast))) { perror("packet_receive_renew::setsockopt"); close(fd); return -1; } FD_ZERO(&rfds); FD_SET(fd, &rfds); tv.tv_sec = TIMEOUT; tv.tv_usec = 0; ret = time(&start); if (-1 == ret) { perror("packet_receive_renew::time"); close(fd); return -1; } while(1) { ret = select(fd + 1, &rfds, NULL, NULL, &tv); time(&end); if (TOTAL_PENDING <= (end - start)) { fprintf(stderr, "End receiving\n"); break; } if (-1 == ret) { perror("packet_receive_renew::select"); close(fd); return -4; } else if (ret) { new_dhcps = (struct dhcps*)calloc(1, sizeof(struct dhcps)); if (-1 == recvfrom(fd, buf, 1500, 0, (struct sockaddr*)&si_other, &slen)) { perror("packet_receive_renew::recvfrom"); close(fd); return -4; } deref_packet((unsigned char*)buf, &pkt, info); if (-1!=(ret=get_option_val(pkt.options, DHO_DHCP_SERVER_IDENTIFIER, tmp))) { sprintf((char*)tmp, "%d.%d.%d.%d", tmp[0],tmp[1],tmp[2],tmp[3]); fprintf(stderr, "Received renew from %s\n", tmp); } else { fprintf(stderr, "Couldnt get DHO_DHCP_SERVER_IDENTIFIER%s\n", tmp); close(fd); return -5; } new_dhcps->dhcps_addr = strdup((char*)tmp); //add to list if (info->dhcps_list) info->dhcps_list->next = new_dhcps; else info->dhcps_list = new_dhcps; new_dhcps->next = NULL; } else { try++; tv.tv_sec = TOTAL_PENDING - try * TIMEOUT; tv.tv_usec = 0; fprintf(stderr, "Timeout occured\n"); } } close(fd); printf("close fd:%d\n", fd); return 0; }

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  • Python - calendar.timegm() vs. time.mktime()

    - by ibz
    I seem to have a hard time getting my head around this. What's the difference between calendar.timegm() and time.mktime()? Say I have a datetime.datetime with no tzinfo attached, shouldn't the two give the same output? Don't they both give the number of seconds between epoch and the date passed as a parameter? And since the date passed has no tzinfo, isn't that number of seconds the same? >>> import calendar >>> import time >>> import datetime >>> d = datetime.datetime(2010, 10, 10) >>> calendar.timegm(d.timetuple()) 1286668800 >>> time.mktime(d.timetuple()) 1286640000.0 >>>

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  • Normal pointer vs Auto pointer (std::auto_ptr)

    - by AKN
    Code snippet (normal pointer) int *pi = new int; int i = 90; pi = &i; int k = *pi + 10; cout<<k<<endl; delete pi; [Output: 100] Code snippet (auto pointer) Case 1: std::auto_ptr<int> pi(new int); int i = 90; pi = &i; int k = *pi + 10; //Throws unhandled exception error at this point while debugging. cout<<k<<endl; //delete pi; (It deletes by itself when goes out of scope. So explicit 'delete' call not required) Case 2: std::auto_ptr<int> pi(new int); int i = 90; *pi = 90; int k = *pi + 10; cout<<k<<endl; [Output: 100] Can someone please tell why it failed to work for case 1?

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  • Injecting EntityManager Vs. EntityManagerFactory

    - by SB
    A long question, please bear with me. We are using Spring+JPA for a web application. My team is debating over injecting EntityManagerFactory in the GenericDAO(a DAO based on Generics something on the lines provided by APPFUSE, we do not use JpaDaosupport for some reason) over injecting an EntityManager. We are using "application managed persistence". The arguments against injecting a EntityManagerFactory is that its too heavy and so is not required, the EntityManager does what we need. Also, as Spring would create a new instance of a DAO for every web request(I doubt this) there are not going to be any concurrency issues as in the same EntityManager instance is shared by two threads. The argument for injecting EFM is that its a good practice over all its always good to have a handle to a factory. I am not sure which is the best approach, can someone please enlighten me? SB

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  • Font choices in International scenarios: multilingual vs unicode

    - by TravisO
    I have a website that will eventually display multiple languages. I notice the common fonts used in web CSS (ex: Arial, Verdana, Times New Roman, Tahoma) and even the newer Vista/Office 2007/VS2008 fonts (Calibri,Cambria, Candara, Corbel, etc) are significantly larger (~350K) than your average (US only?) TTF font (~50k) so these fonts contain most/all the major character sets that common languages (Spanish, French, German, etc) use. My question is, would somebody confirm that these fonts listed above are acceptable for international use of the major (let's say top 8) spoken languages? If so, then I'm guessing the only purpose of unicode fonts; such "Arial Unicode" (a massive 22mb) is only for dealing with extremely niche dialog, eastern glyphs (Chinese, Japanese) and dead languages? I'm just looking for some confirmation from developers that have their desktop apps/web apps rendering multiple languages and have a visual confirmation, I'm already in the 99% sure bin but you know what they say about assumption.

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  • Catching specific vs. generic exceptions in c#

    - by Scott Vercuski
    This question comes from a code analysis run against an object I've created. The analysis says that I should catch a more specific exception type than just the basic Exception. Do you find yourself using just catching the generic Exception or attempting to catch a specific Exception and defaulting to a generic Exception using multiple catch blocks? One of the code chunks in question is below: internal static bool ClearFlags(string connectionString, Guid ID) { bool returnValue = false; SqlConnection dbEngine = new SqlConnection(connectionString); SqlCommand dbCmd = new SqlCommand("ClearFlags", dbEngine); SqlDataAdapter dataAdapter = new SqlDataAdapter(dbCmd); dbCmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure; try { dbCmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@ID", ID.ToString()); dbEngine.Open(); dbCmd.ExecuteNonQuery(); dbEngine.Close(); returnValue = true; } catch (Exception ex) { ErrorHandler(ex); } return returnValue; } Thank you for your advice EDIT: Here is the warning from the code analysis Warning 351 CA1031 : Microsoft.Design : Modify 'ClearFlags(string, Guid)' to catch a more specific exception than 'Exception' or rethrow the exception

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  • Silverlight vs Flex

    - by 1kevgriff
    My company develops several types of applications. A lot of our business comes from doing multimedia-type apps, typically done in Flash. However, now that side of the house is starting to migrate towards doing Flex development. Most of our other development is done using .NET. I'm trying to make a push towards doing Silverlight development instead, since it would take better advantage of the .NET developers on staff. I prefer the Silverlight platform over the Flex platform for the simple fact that Silverlight is all .NET code. We have more .NET developers on staff than Flash/Flex developers, and most of our Flash/Flex developers are graphic artists (not real programmers). Only reason they push towards Flex right now is because it seems like the logical step from Flash. I've done development using both, and I honestly believe Silverlight is easier to work with. But I'm trying to convince people who are only Flash developers. So here's my question: If I'm going to go into a meeting to praise Silverlight, why would a company want to go with Silverlight instead of Flex? Other than the obvious "not everyone has Silverlight", what are the pros and cons for each?

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  • understanding list[i-1] vs list[i]-1

    - by user3720527
    Hopefully this is a simple answer that I am just failing to understand. Full code is public static void mystery(int[] list) { for( int i = list.length - 1; i>1; i --) { if (list[i] > list[i - 1]) { list[i -1] = list[i] - 2; list[i]++; } } } } and lets say we are using a list of [2,3,4]. I know that it will output 2,2,5 but I am unclear how to actually work through it. I understand that the list.length is 3 here, and I understand that the for loop will only run once, but I am very unclear what happens at the list[i - 1] = list[i] - 2; area. Should it be list[2-1] = list[2] - 2? How does the two being outside the bracket effect it differently? Much thanks.

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  • SPAN vs DIV (inline-block)

    - by blackjid
    Hi, Is there any reason to use a <div style="display:inline-block"> instead of a <span> to layout a webpage? Can I put content nested inside the span? What is valid and what isn't? Thanks! It's ok to use this to make a 3x2 table like layout? <div> <span> content1(divs,p, spans, etc) </span> <span> content2(divs,p, spans, etc) </span> <span> content3(divs,p, spans, etc) </span> </div> <div> <span> content4(divs,p, spans, etc) </span> <span> content5(divs,p, spans, etc) </span> <span> content6(divs,p, spans, etc) </span> </div>

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  • Chrome vs Safari - CSS the mystery pixel

    - by Aji
    I have an issue of the mysterious pixel in CSS. Site in question: http://www.lymphcareri.com/about/ The idea is that under the menu is a line, which gets highlighted upon hover and blends in with the line under the header. However, Safari and Chrome both interpret the CSS different in such a way, that I cannot get those lines to line up in both browsers (no pun intended). It is either on the mark, or off. Chrome shaves off one pixel on the bottom margin of the nav link, making the line appear just above. Any idea why that is?

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