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  • Can an object oriented program be seen as a Finite State Machine?

    - by Peretz
    This might be a philosophical/fundamental question, but I just want to clarify it. In my understanding a Finite State Machine is a way of modeling a system in which the system's output will not only depend on the current inputs, but also the current state of the system. Additionally, as the name suggests it, a finite state machine can be segmented in a finite N number of states with its respective state and behavior. If this is correct, shouldn't every single object with data and function members be a state in our object oriented model, making any object oriented design a finite state machine? If that is not the interpretation of a FSM in object design, what exactly people mean when they implement a FSM in software? am I missing something? Thanks

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  • PASS Summit Location Redux

    - by andyleonard
    Introduction To quote Ronald Reagan, " There you go again ." The Professional Association for SQL Server (PASS) is considering locations for future PASS Summits. The apparent answer is: You Can Have The Summit Anywhere You Want... ... as long as it's in Seattle. PASS conducted a survey on this about a year ago, and I commented on the results and PASS' (mis-)interpretation of said results in a post entitled On PASS Summit Locations, Time Will Tell . "It's About Community" I think every member of the...(read more)

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  • Do delegates defy OOP

    - by Dave Rook
    I'm trying to understand OOP so I can write better OOP code and one thing which keeps coming up is this concept of a delegate (using .NET). I could have an object, which is totally self contained (encapsulated); it knows nothing of the outside world... but then I attach a delegate to it. In my head, this is still quite well separated as the delegate only knows what to reference, but this by itself means it has to know about something else outside it's world! That a method exists within another class! Have I got myself it total muddle here, or is this a grey area, or is this actually down to interpretation (and if so, sorry as that will be off topic I'm sure). My question is, do delegates defy/muddy the OOP pattern?

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  • Python lower_case_with_underscores style convention: underscores not popular?

    - by squirrel
    PEP8 recommends using lowercase, with words separated by underscores as necessary to improve readability for variable and function names. I've seen this interpreted as lower_case_with_underscores by most people, although in practice and in Python's native methods it seems like lowercasewithoutunderscores is more popular. It seems like following PEP8 strictly would be awkward since it seems to suggest mixing both lower_case_with_underscores and lowercasewithoutunderscores, which would be inconsistent. What is your interpretation of PEP8's variable names, and what do you actually use in practice? (Personally, I like lowerCamelCase as a compromise between readability and ease of typing.)

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  • Clarity around Advanced Segment defintion

    - by Btibert3
    I am hoping to get some clarity around an advanced segment I created. For context, our website spans multiple domains. For reasons I wont get into, I created an advanced segment that looks for pages containing my subdomain of interest (subdomain.site.com). I want to ensure that my interpretation of this advanced segment is accurate. Simply, it flags all visits to our entire domain that viewed at least one page on my subdomain of interest? If I am off, what does this advanced segment represent? Many thanks in advance!

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  • Is Unity's Random seeded automatically?

    - by Lohoris
    I seem to recall Unity's Random is automatically seeded; checking the documentation it doesn't say it outright, but a certain interpretation of their words might seem to imply it. The seed is normally set from some arbitrary value like the system clock before the random number functions are used. This prevents the same run of values from occurring each time a game is played and thus avoids predictable gameplay. However, it is sometimes useful to produce the same run of pseudo-random values on demand by setting the seed yourself. (emphasis added)

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  • PASS Summit Location Redux

    - by andyleonard
    Introduction To quote Ronald Reagan, " There you go again ." The Professional Association for SQL Server (PASS) is considering locations for future PASS Summits. The apparent answer is: You Can Have The Summit Anywhere You Want... ... as long as it's in Seattle. PASS conducted a survey on this about a year ago, and I commented on the results and PASS' (mis-)interpretation of said results in a post entitled On PASS Summit Locations, Time Will Tell . "It's About Community" I think every member of the...(read more)

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  • Is the Windows Start button an example of poor mapping? [migrated]

    - by user336359
    In my recent course on HCI, I've been told that start button on Windows systems is an example of poor mapping. The reason for that, as explained in materials, is that it doesn't start anything, but rather reveals a menu. I think that this is only valid if you approaching this from low level of abstraction (meaning that the button must start something). If you on the other hand take a view on this from higher level of abstraction, as of "Place where I start most of my tasks", i.e. This is the place where you are start*ing the task of switching off your computer This is the place where you are start*ing the task of searching for something on your computer This is the place where you are start*ing the task of running a program This is the place where you are start*ing the task ... Then I think it makes perfect sense and has perfect mapping. Is this a sensible interpretation?

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  • Failed to allocate memory - What is it trying to say?

    - by asprin
    In my early days of programming I often used to get memory related fatal errors in the following format: Fatal error: Allowed memory size of <some big number> bytes exhausted (tried to allocate <some small number> bytes) in /path/to/filename.php on line <some line number> I'm a little embarrassed to state that even though I have figured out how to solve them and take steps to avoid them altogether, I'm still not quite sure what exactly does the message translate to in simple words. For example, if I get a message such as: Fatal error: Allowed memory size of 67108864 bytes exhausted (tried to allocate 4000 bytes) in ........ on line 34 As things stand at the moment, I assume it to be stating that the script consumes 67108864 bytes of data, but only 4000 bytes are available during runtime. Am I right in my assumption? If not, what's the correct interpretation?

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  • Google devient une entreprise plus chère que Microsoft, changement d'époque ou sous-évaluation du premier éditeur mondial ?

    Google devient une entreprise plus chère que Microsoft Changement d'époque ou signe que les marchés sous-évaluent le premier éditeur mondial ? Le fait est simple. Google a aujourd'hui une capitalisation boursière supérieure à celle de Microsoft. Son interprétation, elle, est beaucoup plus complexe. Certains y verront un changement de paradigme (vers le 100% Web, l'abonnement, le contenu et le mobile). D'autres, le signe que les marchés sous-estiment l'assise de Microsoft dont le portefeuille produits et les clients sont beaucoup plus diversifiés. Le Wall Street Journal pour sa part remarque que l'action de Google était au plus bas depuis 4 ans au début de l'été. Les analyst...

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  • Simulink: type consistency errors

    - by stanigator
    Using this Simulink model file as a reference, I'm trying to figure out the two following errors: I have no idea what has gone wrong with the data type consistency/conversion problems. Do you know what the error messages mean exactly in the context of a model? It would be great to get an interpretation of the problem to solve it. Thanks in advance.

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  • Interpreting segfault messages written to kernel log file

    - by knorv
    What is the correct interpretation of the following segfault messages? segfault at 10 ip 00007f9bebcca90d sp 00007fffb62705f0 error 4 in libQtWebKit.so.4.5.2[7f9beb83a000+f6f000] segfault at 10 ip 00007fa44d78890d sp 00007fff43f6b720 error 4 in libQtWebKit.so.4.5.2[7fa44d2f8000+f6f000] segfault at 11 ip 00007f2b0022acee sp 00007fff368ea610 error 4 in libQtWebKit.so.4.5.2[7f2aff9f7000+f6f000] segfault at 11 ip 00007f24b21adcee sp 00007fff7379ded0 error 4 in libQtWebKit.so.4.5.2[7f24b197a000+f6f000]

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  • Spring @Transactional not creating required transaction

    - by Steve
    Ok, so I've finally bowed to peer pressure and started using Spring in my web app :-)... So I'm trying to get the transaction handling stuff to work, and I just can't seem to get it. My Spring configuration looks like this: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd"> <bean id="groupDao" class="mil.navy.ndms.conops.common.dao.impl.jpa.GroupDao" lazy-init="true"> <property name="entityManagerFactory" ><ref bean="entityManagerFactory"/></property> </bean> <!-- enables interpretation of the @Required annotation to ensure that dependency injection actually occures --> <bean class="org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.RequiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor"/> <!-- enables interpretation of the @PersistenceUnit/@PersistenceContext annotations providing convenient access to EntityManagerFactory/EntityManager --> <bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor"/> <!-- uses the persistence unit defined in the META-INF/persistence.xml JPA configuration file --> <bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalEntityManagerFactoryBean"> <property name="persistenceUnitName" value="CONOPS_PU" /> </bean> <!-- transaction manager for use with a single JPA EntityManagerFactory for transactional data access to a single datasource --> <bean id="jpaTransactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager"> <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory"/> </bean> <!-- enables interpretation of the @Transactional annotation for declerative transaction managment using the specified JpaTransactionManager --> <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="jpaTransactionManager" proxy-target-class="true"/> </beans> persistence.xml: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <persistence version="1.0" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_1_0.xsd"> <persistence-unit name="CONOPS_PU" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL"> <provider>org.hibernate.ejb.HibernatePersistence</provider> ... Class mappings removed for brevity... <properties> <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.Oracle10gDialect"/> <property name="hibernate.connection.autocommit" value="false"/> <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="****"/> <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value="*****"/> <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver"/> <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:oracle:thin:@*****:1521:*****"/> <property name="hibernate.cache.provider_class" value="org.hibernate.cache.NoCacheProvider"/> <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="create"/> <property name="hibernate.show_sql" value="true"/> <property name="hibernate.format_sql" value="true"/> </properties> </persistence-unit> </persistence> The DAO method to save my domain object looks like this: @Transactional(propagation=Propagation.REQUIRES_NEW) protected final T saveOrUpdate (T model) { EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager ( ); EntityTransaction trans = em.getTransaction ( ); System.err.println ("Transaction isActive () == " + trans.isActive ( )); if (em != null) { try { if (model.getId ( ) != null) { em.persist (model); em.flush (); } else { em.merge (model); em.flush (); } } finally { em.close (); } } return (model); } So I try to save a copy of my Group object using the following code in my test case: context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(configs); dao = (GroupDao)context.getBean("groupDao"); dao.saveOrUpdate (new Group ()); This bombs with the following exception: javax.persistence.TransactionRequiredException: no transaction is in progress at org.hibernate.ejb.AbstractEntityManagerImpl.flush(AbstractEntityManagerImpl.java:301) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:48) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:37) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:600) at org.springframework.orm.jpa.ExtendedEntityManagerCreator$ExtendedEntityManagerInvocationHandler.invoke(ExtendedEntityManagerCreator.java:341) at $Proxy26.flush(Unknown Source) at mil.navy.ndms.conops.common.dao.impl.jpa.GenericJPADao.saveOrUpdate(GenericJPADao.java:646) at mil.navy.ndms.conops.common.dao.impl.jpa.GroupDao.save(GroupDao.java:641) at mil.navy.ndms.conops.common.dao.impl.jpa.GroupDao$$FastClassByCGLIB$$50343b9b.invoke() at net.sf.cglib.proxy.MethodProxy.invoke(MethodProxy.java:149) at org.springframework.aop.framework.Cglib2AopProxy$DynamicAdvisedInterceptor.intercept(Cglib2AopProxy.java:622) at mil.navy.ndms.conops.common.dao.impl.jpa.GroupDao$$EnhancerByCGLIB$$7359ba58.save() at mil.navy.ndms.conops.common.dao.impl.jpa.GroupDaoTest.testGroupDaoSave(GroupDaoTest.java:91) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:48) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:37) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:600) at junit.framework.TestCase.runTest(TestCase.java:164) at junit.framework.TestCase.runBare(TestCase.java:130) at junit.framework.TestResult$1.protect(TestResult.java:106) at junit.framework.TestResult.runProtected(TestResult.java:124) at junit.framework.TestResult.run(TestResult.java:109) at junit.framework.TestCase.run(TestCase.java:120) at junit.framework.TestSuite.runTest(TestSuite.java:230) at junit.framework.TestSuite.run(TestSuite.java:225) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.junit3.JUnit3TestReference.run(JUnit3TestReference.java:130) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:460) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:673) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:386) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:196) In addition, I get the following warnings when Spring first starts. Since these reference the entityManagerFactory and the transactionManager, they probably have some bearing on the problem, but I've no been able to decipher them enough to know what: Mar 11, 2010 12:19:27 PM org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext$BeanPostProcessorChecker postProcessAfterInitialization INFO: Bean 'entityManagerFactory' is not eligible for getting processed by all BeanPostProcessors (for example: not eligible for auto-proxying) Mar 11, 2010 12:19:27 PM org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext$BeanPostProcessorChecker postProcessAfterInitialization INFO: Bean 'entityManagerFactory' is not eligible for getting processed by all BeanPostProcessors (for example: not eligible for auto-proxying) Mar 11, 2010 12:19:27 PM org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext$BeanPostProcessorChecker postProcessAfterInitialization INFO: Bean 'jpaTransactionManager' is not eligible for getting processed by all BeanPostProcessors (for example: not eligible for auto-proxying) Mar 11, 2010 12:19:27 PM org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext$BeanPostProcessorChecker postProcessAfterInitialization INFO: Bean '(inner bean)' is not eligible for getting processed by all BeanPostProcessors (for example: not eligible for auto-proxying) Mar 11, 2010 12:19:27 PM org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext$BeanPostProcessorChecker postProcessAfterInitialization INFO: Bean '(inner bean)' is not eligible for getting processed by all BeanPostProcessors (for example: not eligible for auto-proxying) Mar 11, 2010 12:19:27 PM org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext$BeanPostProcessorChecker postProcessAfterInitialization INFO: Bean 'org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor' is not eligible for getting processed by all BeanPostProcessors (for example: not eligible for auto-proxying) Mar 11, 2010 12:19:27 PM org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext$BeanPostProcessorChecker postProcessAfterInitialization INFO: Bean 'org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor' is not eligible for getting processed by all BeanPostProcessors (for example: not eligible for auto-proxying) Mar 11, 2010 12:19:27 PM org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory preInstantiateSingletons INFO: Pre-instantiating singletons in org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@37003700: defining beans [groupDao,org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.RequiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor,org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor,entityManagerFactory,jpaTransactionManager,org.springframework.aop.config.internalAutoProxyCreator,org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor]; root of factory hierarchy Does anyone have any idea what I'm missing? I'm totally stumped... Thanks

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  • Best free online Computer Science college courses

    - by Spiker
    I have found the MIT Open Courseware to be a great resource for free computer science college courses. Every software engineer should be required to take the Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs class. Berkeley and Carnegie Mellon also provide some great online courses. Are there any more colleges that offer quality computer science courses?

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  • Scheme Editor/IDE for Mac

    - by Carlton Gibson
    I've begun working through Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs. Dutifully, I've installed mit-scheme. What I need now is an editor/IDE for the Mac that can handle the indentation and balance parentheses (or advice on how to best to configure the packaged tools). Any suggestions? TIA

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  • Interpreting segfault messages

    - by knorv
    What is the correct interpretation of the following segfault messages? segfault at 10 ip 00007f9bebcca90d sp 00007fffb62705f0 error 4 in libQtWebKit.so.4.5.2[7f9beb83a000+f6f000] segfault at 10 ip 00007fa44d78890d sp 00007fff43f6b720 error 4 in libQtWebKit.so.4.5.2[7fa44d2f8000+f6f000] segfault at 11 ip 00007f2b0022acee sp 00007fff368ea610 error 4 in libQtWebKit.so.4.5.2[7f2aff9f7000+f6f000] segfault at 11 ip 00007f24b21adcee sp 00007fff7379ded0 error 4 in libQtWebKit.so.4.5.2[7f24b197a000+f6f000]

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  • How to interpret weka classification?

    - by gargi2010
    How can we interpret the classification result in weka using naive bayes? How is mean, std deviation, weight sum and precision calculated? How is kappa statistic, mean absolute error, root mean squared error etc calculated? What is the interpretation of the confusion matrix?

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  • JBoss Service with SSL and Protocol Buffers

    - by mlaverd
    Hello everyone, I'm interested in building a JBoss service. Because I'm reusing some existing code, the service must be able to talk SSL/TLS and Protocol Buffers. The documentation I see on the JBoss wiki makes it look like services have their transport and data interpretation handled by JBoss itself. Is it really the case? How could I implement this requirement? Regards, M-A

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  • MPI difference between Communicator and Group

    - by iamrohitbanga
    I have read the definitions of these terms and my interpretation is that there is a one to one relation between a group and a communicator. A group is a set of processes which wish to communicate with each other and a communicator is an implementation for a group. Is this correct? Why have two different terms if this is so?

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  • How is location accuracy measured in Android?

    - by John Palmer
    Does anyone know the proper interpretation of the accuracy measurements returned by getAccuracy()? For instance, are they calculated as: Circular Error Probability (meaning, if i understand correctly, radius of a 50% confidence circle)? Radius of 95% confidence circle? something else? Many thanks for any advice you can give me.

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  • Is It Possible to Make Close Sourced PHP Product?

    - by Morgan Cheng
    I'm curious that whether all PHP product must be open sourced if it is to be deployed to other's web site. Since PHP code is executed by interpretation, if I have PHP product to be deployed on other's host, it seems no reason to prevent others view the source code. So, PHP product is destined to be open source, right?

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  • Language independent logic question

    - by Sam
    If one has three fields in a db that they are querying an object by.... One of these fields must always be an associations id. Concerning the other two fields "only one needs to be true" What interpretation do you take or make of "only one needs to be true"?

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