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• Running the script for the 2-nd time, the messages are not retrieved from the mail server

  - by Max Li

  I read the mails from my gmail account with the code following below. import poplib pop_conn = poplib.POP3_SSL('pop.gmail.com') pop_conn.user('user') # result: '+OK send PASS' pop_conn.pass_('password') # result: '+OK Welcome.' print pop_conn.list()[1] pop_conn.quit() It shows me 1 message as expected. However, if I run this script for the second time, I get 0 messages as result. On the server the message is still there and unread. How can I get all the messages also running the script for the second time? For me it behaves as an email client that doesn't download the same mail twice. Is there some flag to force the program to download everything again? I use python 2.7.x on ubuntu 12.10

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• Correct approach to validate attributes of an instance of class

  - by systempuntoout

  Having a simple Python class like this: class Spam(object): __init__(self, description, value): self.description = description self.value = value Which is the correct approach to check these constraints: "description cannot be empty" "value must be greater than zero" Should i: 1.validate data before creating spam object ? 2.check data on __init__ method ? 3.create an is_valid method on Spam class and call it with spam.isValid() ? 4.create an is_valid static method on Spam class and call it with Spam.isValid(description, value) ? 5.check data on setters declaration ? 6.... Could you recommend a well designed\Pythonic\not verbose (on class with many attributes)\elegant approach?

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• How to schedule hundreds of thousands of tasks?

  - by wehriam

  We have hundreds of thousands of tasks that need to be run at a variety of arbitrary intervals, some every hour, some every day, and so on. The tasks are resource intensive and need to be distributed across many machines. Right now tasks are stored in a database with an "execute at this time" timestamp. To find tasks that need to be executed, we query the database for jobs that are due to be executed, then update the timestamps when the task is complete. Naturally this leads to a substantial write load on the database. As far as I can tell, we are looking for something to release tasks into a queue at a set interval. (Workers could then request tasks from that queue.) What is the best way to schedule recurring tasks at scale? For what it's worth we're largely using Python, although we have no problems using components (RabbitMQ?) written in other languages.

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• Capture subprocess output

  - by schneck

  Hi there, I learned that when executing commands in Python, I should use subprocess. What I'm trying to achieve is to encode a file via ffmpeg and observe the program output until the file is done. Ffmpeg logs the progress to stderr. If I try something like this: child = subprocess.Popen(command, shell=True, stderr=subprocess.PIPE) complete = False while not complete: stderr = child.communicate() # Get progress print "Progress here later" if child.poll() is not None: complete = True time.sleep(2) the programm does not continue after calling child.communicate() and waits for the command to complete. Is there any other way to follow the output?

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• downloading full page text from a web domain

  - by user362808

  Howdy, folks! First time here -- thought I'd field a question on behalf of a coworker. Somebody in my lab is doing a content analysis (e.g. reading an article or transcript line by line and identifying relevant themes) of the web presences of various privatized neuroimaging centers (e.g. http://www.canmagnetic.com/). She's been c/ping entire site maps by hand, and I know I could slap something together with Python to follow links and dump full text (with line numbers) for her, but I've never actually done anything quite like this. Any ideas for how I'd get started? Cheers, -alex

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• problem in extracting the data from text file

  - by parijat24

  hello , i am new to python , and I want to extract the data from this format FBpp0143497 5 151 5 157 PF00339.22 Arrestin_N Domain 1 135 149 83.4 1.1e-23 1 CL0135 FBpp0143497 183 323 183 324 PF02752.15 Arrestin_C Domain 1 137 138 58.5 6e-16 1 CL0135 FBpp0131987 60 280 51 280 PF00089.19 Trypsin Domain 14 219 219 127.7 3.7e-37 1 CL0124 to this format FBpp0143497 5 151 Arrestin_N 1.1e-23 FBpp0143497 183 323 Arrestin_C 6e-16 I have written code in hope that it works but it does not work , please help! file = open('/ddfs/user/data/k/ktrip_01/hmm.txt','r') rec = file.read() for line in rec : field = line.split("\t") print field print field[:] print '>',field[0] print field[1], field[2], field[6], field[12] the hmmtext file is FBpp0143497 5 151 5 157 PF00339.22 Arrestin_N Domain 1 135 149 83.4 1.1e-23 1 CL0135 FBpp0143497 183 323 183 324 PF02752.15 Arrestin_C Domain 1 137 138 58.5 6e-16 1 CL0135 FBpp0131987 60 280 51 280 PF00089.19 Trypsin Domain 14 219 219 127.7 3.7e-37 1 CL0124

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• xml parsing takes extra spaces.

  - by SDK

  I have been trying to write/parse xml file in python. The tags are very simple <main> <data> abcdef </data> </main> I have written this xml using xml document writer from xml.dom.minidom. How-ever when i try to parse this and try to fetch data-text value, i get 'abcdef' with spaces/carriage return/newline characters in beg and end. Does parsing does not take of indenting spaces? Following is the parsing snippet (ref from net) dom = parseString(data) clipTag = dom.getElementsByTagName('clipdata')[0].toxml() clipData=clipTag.replace('<clipdata>','').replace('</clipdata>','') Kindly suggest.

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• Run command with no terminal output

  - by Insomaniacal

  Hello, I've searched around online, but can't find the answer to my question. What I want to do is run a command in pythong, using the subprocess module, and store the output in a variable. However, I do not want the command's output to be printed to the terminal. For this code: def storels(): a = subprocess.Popen("ls",shell=True) storels() I get the directory listing in the terminal, instead of having it stored in a. I've also tried def storels(): subprocess.Popen("ls > tmp",shell=True) a = open("./tmp") [Rest of Code] storels() This also prints the output of ls to my terminal. I've even tried this command with the somewhat dated os.system method, since running "ls tmp" in the terminal doesn't print ls to the terminal at all, but stores it in tmp. However, the same thing happens. I'm using python 2.6. Any suggestions? Thanks in advance!

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• Django development server serving css but not js

  - by Wisco crew

  I am developing a django (1.4) app on my local machine. I am running the built-in development server with python manage.py runserver. In base.html I have: <link href="{{ STATIC_URL }}bootstrap.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> <script src="{{ STATIC_URL }}boostrap-dropdown.js" type="text/javascript"></script> boostrap.css loads just fine when I load a page, but bootstrap-dropdown.js is 404'd. They are sitting right next to each other in my static directory. Relevant parts of settings.py: STATIC_URL = '/static/' STATICFILES_DIRS = ( '/home/username/projects/projectname/static',) Debug is set to True. I have tried it both with and without the staticfiles_urlpatterns trick. Django can find one file in the directory but not the other? I think I'm going crazy.

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• Any efficient way to read datas from large binary file?

  - by limi

  Hi, I need to handle tens of Gigabytes data in one binary file. Each record in the data file is variable length. So the file is like: <len1><data1><len2><data2>..........<lenN><dataN> The data contains integer, pointer, double value and so on. I found python can not even handle this situation. There is no problem if I read the whole file in memory. It's fast. But it seems the struct package is not good at performance. It almost stuck on unpack the bytes. Any help is appreciated. Thanks.

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• Can the LibreOffice LightProof grammar library be used externally?

  - by Phyxx

  LibreOffice 3.5 includes a grammar checker, called (or maybe based on) LightProof. From what I have read, LightProof seems to be a Python library that can be used to check for custom grammar rules. But I can not for the life of me find a project page for LightProof. The closest I got was http://cgit.freedesktop.org/libreoffice/lightproof/tree/, which seems to be the code for the LibreOffice extension, not LightProof itself. So is LightProof actually a library that can be implemented in other applications, or is it just a code word for a LibreOffice feature?

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• How do I use udev to find info about inserted video media (e.g. DVDs)

  - by Daniel

  I'm trying to port an application from using HAL to using pure udev. It is written in python and will use the gudev library, though I would love to see examples in any language. I'm able to get all attached video devices (such as cameras) via: import gudev client = gudev.Client(["video4linux"]) for device in client.get_devices(): print device.get_sysfs_attr("name"), device.get_device_name() This prints out something like: USB2.0 UVC WebCam /dev/video0 I am also able to get a list of block devices, but how can I: Tell if it is a CD/DVD drive? Tell if media is currently inserted if the drive supports removable media? Tell what the name/label of the media is (e.g. FUTURAMAS1 for a DVD)? The original code I am trying to port over is located at http://github.com/danielgtaylor/arista/blob/045a4d48ebfda44bc5d0609618ff795604ee134f/arista/inputs.py Any and all help would be greatly appreciated!

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• Where should I declare a list of 5,000+ words?

  - by user647362

  I am writing a game in python in which I must periodically pull a random word from a list of words. When I prototyped my game I declared a word_list = ['cat','dog','rat','house'] of ten words at the top of one of my modules. I then use choice(word_list) to get a random word. However, I must must change this temporary hack into something more elegant because I need to increase the size of the word list to 5,000+ words. If I do this in my current module it will look ridiculous. Should I put all of these words in a flat txt file, and then read from that file as I need words? If so, how would I best do that? Put each word an a separate line and then read one random line? I'm not sure what the most efficient way is.

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• Error reading file with accented vowels

  - by Daniel Dcs

  The following statement to fill a list from a file : action = [] with open (os.getcwd() + "/files/" + "actions.txt") as temp:          action = list (temp) gives me the following error: (result, consumed) = self._buffer_decode (data, self.errors, end) UnicodeDecodeError: 'utf-8' codec can not decode byte 0xf1 in position 67: invalid continuation byte if I add errors = 'ignore': action = [] with open (os.getcwd () + "/ files /" + "actions.txt", errors = 'ignore') as temp:          action = list (temp) Is read the file but not the ñ and vowels accented á-é-í-ó-ú being that python 3 works, as I have understood, default to 'utf-8' I'm looking for a solution for two or more days, and I'm getting more confused. In advance thank you very much for any suggestions.

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• What you would learn. [closed]

  - by NDeveloper

  Hi, I have a little free time and would like to learn new development language/technology. I know it can be very subective, but please share with us what you would learn and why. I have about 4 years of .NET development experience mostly distributed applications. And a little more than 2 years of c/c++. There are a lot of options to choose like Google Go/F#/Python/Scala/Java/ASP.NET/Mobile App development like for Android, BB, iPhone.../DB (MS SQL, Oracle or even MongoDB or CouchDB)/any new concepts, etc... I would like to use the time for investment, so gained knowledge will be useful.

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• can this code be shortened or improved?

  - by user2816683

  Can this be shortened/improved? I'm trying to make a password checker in python. Could the if's be put into a for loop? And if so, how? pw = input("Enter password to test: ") caps = sum(1 for c in pw if c.isupper()) lower = sum(1 for c in pw if c.islower()) nums = sum(1 for c in pw if c.isnumeric()) scr = ['weak', 'medium', 'strong'] r = [caps, lower, nums] if len(pw) < 6: print("too short") elif len(pw) > 12: print("too long") if caps >= 1: if lower >= 1: if nums >= 1: print(scr[2]) elif nums < 1: print("your password is " + scr[1]) elif lower < 1: print("your password strength is " + scr[0]) elif caps < 1: print("your password strength is " + scr[1]) Thanks for any suggestions :D

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• One input file to multiple output files

  - by user1265669

  I found some helpful stuff on this site but my input file is different from the examples already posted and I cannot make the leap in an efficient manner. My input file looks like this: sample_dude data1 data2 data3 data4 sample_lady data5 data6 data7 data8 sample_dude data9 data10 data11 data12 sample_child data13 data14 data15 data16 I want to create a separate file for each sample with all the data columns. For example, one file would be called sample_dude.txt and look like this: data1 data2 data3 data4 data9 data10 data11 data12 There is an unknown number of samples but always just four data columns. Any help greatly appreciated. Thank you. PS: I'm trying to do this in python.

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• Going from numpy array to itk Image

  - by tkerwin

  I have a numpy array and want to convert it into an ITK image for further processing. How do I do this without using the PyBuffer extension to WrapITK. I can't use that because I get a bunch of errors when compiling: .../ExternalProjects/PyBuffer/itkPyBuffer.txx: In static member function ‘static PyObject* itk::PyBuffer<TImage>::GetArrayFromImage(TImage*) [with TImage = itk::Image<float, 2u>]’: .../ExternalProjects/PyBuffer/wrap_itkPyBufferPython.cxx:1397: instantiated from here .../ExternalProjects/PyBuffer/itkPyBuffer.txx:64: error: cannot convert ‘int*’ to ‘npy_intp*’ in argument passing I could use an idea about either how to fix the compilation errors or another way to convert my python objects.

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• What is the best way to start learning how to program?

  - by Joe K

  I'm very new to programming, but it has always interested me. I've tried to learn a couple of times except I don't know where to begin. What's a good language to learn first? What is a good website that can help me learn it? I once partitioned my hard drive and installed Ubuntu in an attempt to learn Python, but I was overwhelmed. I didn't know where to start or what to do. All suggestions, feedback, comments are welcome.

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• Include upper bound in range()

  - by Jull

  How can I include the upper bound in range() function? I can't add by 1 because my for-loop looks like: for x in range(1,math.floor(math.sqrt(x))): y = math.sqrt(n - x * x) But as I understand it will actually be 1 < x < M where I need 1 < x <= M Adding 1 will completely change the result. I am trying to rewrite my old program from C# to Python. That's how it looked in C#: for (int x = 1; x <= Math.Floor(Math.Sqrt(n)); x++) double y = Math.Sqrt(n - x * x);

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• SQLite Queries for dates

  - by user2909616

  I have a SQLite data base which I am pulling data for a specific set of dates (lets say 01-01-2011 to 01-01-2011). What is the best way to implement this query into SQL. Ideally I would like the following line to run: SELECT * FROM database where start_date < date_stamp and end_date date_stamp This obviously does not work when I store the dates as strings. My solution (which I think is messy and I am hoping for another one) is to convert the dates into integers in the following format: YYYYMMDD Which makes the above line able to run (theoretically). IS there a better method? Using python sqlite3 Would the answer be any different if I were using SQL not SQLite

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• Reorganized JSON

  - by couatl

  Need to be reorganized JSON into a new structure. Python. for example { 'a' : 1, 'b' : 1, 'd' : {'d1' : '1', 'd2' : 2}, 'm' : [ {'x' : 6, 'y' : 5, 'z' : {'foo' : 'foo1', 'bar : 'bar1'} }, {'x' : 8, 'y' : 8, 'z' : {'foo' : 'foo2', 'bar : 'bar2'} } ... ] } to { 'new_a' : 1, 'new_d' : {'new_d1' : '1', 'new_d2' : 2}, 'new_m' : [ {'new_x' : 6, 'new_z' : {'new_foo' : 'foo1', new_'bar : 'bar1'} }, {'new_x' : 8, 'new_z' : {'new_foo' : 'foo2', 'new_bar : 'bar2'} } ... ] } There is the idea of ??a new form of an old JSON Is there a more elegant way of that? import json new_data = {} new_data['new_a'] = old_data['a'] new_data['new_d'] = {} new_data['new_d']['new_d1'] = old_data['d']['d1'] new_data['new_d']['new_d2'] = old_data['d']['d2'] new_data['new_m'] = {} new_m = [] for m in old_data: new_m.append({'new_x' : m['x'], 'new_z' : {'new_foo' ....

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• PySide 1.0.0 beta 2, le support complet des interfaces déclaratives arrive dans ce bindind LGPL Python de Qt

  Voici donc sortie la deuxième beta de PySide, le binding Python de Qt initié par Nokia, dont la principale différence avec le binding historique, PyQt, réside dans la licence : PySide est disponible sous LGPL, une licence moins restrictive que la GPL employée par PyQt. Ainsi, un binding Python de Qt peut être utilisé pour des développements propriétaires sans obligation de payer une licence commerciale. La première version beta de PySide (la bien dénommée beta 1) apportait un grand changement par rapport aux versions précédents (0.4.2 et avant) : un changement dans l'ABI (Application Binary Interface), ce qui, pour rester en dehors des détails techniques, obligeait à recompiler toute application se basant sur PySide (notamment le module Python). Cependant, ainsi, le projet ...

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• What if we run out of stack space in C# or Python?

  - by dotneteer

  Supposing we are running a recursive algorithm on a very large data set that requires, say, 1 million recursive calls. Normally, one would solve such a large problem by converting recursion to a loop and a stack, but what if we do not want to or cannot rewrite the algorithm? Python has the sys.setrecursionlimit(int) method to set the number of recursions. However, this is only part of the story; the program can still run our of stack space. C# does not have a equivalent method. Fortunately, both C# and Python have option to set the stack space when creating a thread. In C#, there is an overloaded constructor for the Thread class that accepts a parameter for the stack size: Thread t = new Thread(work, stackSize); In Python, we can set the stack size by calling: threading.stack_size(67108864) We can then run our work under a new thread with increased stack size.

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• PySide 1.0.0 disponible en version finale, le binding Python de Qt supporte aussi Qt Quick

  PySide 1.0.0 en version finale Le binding Python de Qt supporte aussi Qt Quick Mise à jour du 04/03/11 Quelques jours après la sortie de Qt 4.7.2, le binding Python promu par Nokia, PySide, se met sur son 31 et affiche la version finale de la 1.0.0, après un long cycle de développement, deux semaines après la release candidate, la communauté ayant apporté énormément au développement de cette version. S'achève donc ainsi la période de correction des bogues, des régressions et des autres dysfonctionnements en tout genre, l'ajout de nouvelles fonctionnalités va pouvoir reprendre. Notamment, il est prévu pour cette série d'ajouter le support de Python 3. A...

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