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  • Enterprise class storage best practices

    - by churnd
    One thing that has always perplexed me is storage best practices. Filesystems brag about how they can be petabytes or exabytes in size. Yet, I do not know many sysadmins who are willing to let a single volume grow over several terrabytes. I do know the primary reason behind this is how long it would take to rebuild the array should a drive fail. The more drives in a single LUN, the longer this takes and the greater your risk of losing another drive while the rebuild is taking place. Then there's usage reasons. Admins will carve out a LUN based on how much space they think needs to be allocated to the project. It seems more practical to me for the LUN to be one large array and to use quotas. I understand this wouldn't satisfy every requirement (iSCSI), but I see a lot of NAS systems (NFS) managed this way. I also understand that the underlying volumes can be grown/shrunk as needed quite easily, but wouldn't it be less "risky" to use quotas rather than manipulating volumes and bringing possible data loss into the equation? There may be some other reasons I'm missing, so please enlighten me. Can we not expect filesystems to ever be so large? Are we waiting for the hardware to get faster to cut down on rebuild times?

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  • How do I reinitialise a failed RAID 5 drive using terminal on Ubuntu Server

    - by Stephen
    I've currently put together a new system and part of that has been creating a software RAID 5 using 'mdadm' in Ubuntu Server. I successfully got to the point where I create the array using: sudo mdadm --create --verbose /dev/md0 --level=5 --raid-devices=4 /dev/sda1 /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdc1 /dev/sdd1 I left it to do its thing overnight then used the following command to check on it: watch cat /proc/mdstat To which the following was returned: Personalities : [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10] md0 : active raid5 sdd1[4](S) sdc1[2] sdb1[1] sda1[0](F) 5860535808 blocks super 1.2 level 5, 512k chunk, algorithm 2 [4/2] [_UU_] unused devices: <none> It appears that one has failed (and I'm not too savvy with why another is a spare). So, just to be sure that something else isn't amiss I wanted to try and re-engage the failed drive. Can someone explain how I can do that and what I should do with the spare (if anything). And also how do I know when synchronisation is complete? The tutorial I used to get this far is located here: http://sonniesedge.co.uk/2009/06/13/software-raid-5-on-ubuntu-904/ Many thanks! p.s. Here is some extra information that may help: sudo mdadm --detail /dev/md0 /dev/md0: Version : 1.2 Creation Time : Mon Jun 18 21:14:21 2012 Raid Level : raid5 Array Size : 5860535808 (5589.04 GiB 6001.19 GB) Used Dev Size : 1953511936 (1863.01 GiB 2000.40 GB) Raid Devices : 4 Total Devices : 4 Persistence : Superblock is persistent Update Time : Mon Jun 18 21:50:26 2012 State : clean, FAILED Active Devices : 2 Working Devices : 3 Failed Devices : 1 Spare Devices : 1 Layout : left-symmetric Chunk Size : 512K Name : myraidbox:0 (local to host myraidbox) UUID : a269ee94:a161600c:fb1665e7:bd2f27b3 Events : 13 Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 0 0 0 0 removed 1 8 17 1 active sync /dev/sdb1 2 8 33 2 active sync /dev/sdc1 3 0 0 3 removed 0 8 1 - faulty spare /dev/sda1 4 8 49 - spare /dev/sdd1

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  • Multidimensional data table?

    - by ShreevatsaR
    [Apologies if this sort of question is off-topic for SuperUser. Please redirect to the right place if so.] There is a 3-dimensional array of values. (That is, instead of a table/2-dimensional array with values in a grid, the values can be thought of in a cube instead.) Is there a way to display this "cube" interactively, ideally on a webpage? Specifically, given the data, it would work something like this: the user selects two of the 3 variables. He then sees a "stack" of tables, one for each value of the third variable (cross-sections, in other words). By selecting the appropriate table from the stack, he can see the (i,j,k) value he wants. The "technology" for displaying such a thing (stacked tables, rotation, etc.) already exists, so this seems the sort of thing that someone ought to have written already. To be clear: I don't need sophisticated graphics necessarily, just the ability to select from cross-sections of variables. But I have no experience with (say, for displaying on a webpage) what web gadgets exist, so I'm clueless how to even search for one. (Google searches like "multidimensional data visualization" didn't throw up anything useful. Google Spreadsheets can do a few kinds of charts which can be embedded on a webpage, but I cannot tell if this is one of them.) [I can imagine how it ought to work for higher dimensions. For four-dimensions, instead of selecting just a stack, you'd first select an (i,j) from an "outer table", which would show all (k,l) values for that (i,j). For higher dimensions, inductively: you select (i,j), and then repeat what you'd do with 2 fewer dimensions.] So has this been written? Is this easy to write? Where ought one to look for such a thing?

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  • Windows 8 x64 with VMWare Workstation or inside ESXi

    - by Dommer
    I need to run several virtual machines on a core i7-920 box with 12GB or RAM and a 256GB SSD to host the VMs. It also has a Highpoint RocketRaid 2720SGL RAID controller with a 12TB RAID 5 array. I want one of my VMs to run Windows 8 x64, to have access to the RAID array as a native disk (not as networked drives and it needs to run at full speed) and to be able to send files quickly across the network. Initially I thought I'd try to do this using ESXi 5, but I have been unable to find any working RAID drivers for the RR2720SGL and it is not on the HCL for ESXi 5. In light of this, I have installed Windows 8 x64 on the hardware and am thinking of installing VMWare Workstation and running my VMs inside there. I guess my questions are these: How does VMWare Workstation 9 perform compared to ESXi 5? In the real world I mean? Presumably installing Win 8 as the host OS will give me way better performance for that Win 8 machine than Win 8 running under ESXi? I should stick with Windows 8 x64 as the host OS, right? If I install a domain controller VM inside my Win 8 box and join the Win 8 machine to that domain, am I insane (I would guess the Win 8 machine wouldn't see the domain controller until it finished starting everything up, but I don't think that matters)?! is it feasible to give metrics like this and if so, what is the likely value of x? 25%? 50%? 75%? Win 8 under ESXi runs x% as fast as Win 8 installed bare metal.

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  • Rebuilding LVM after RAID recovery

    - by Xiong Chiamiov
    I have 4 disks RAID-5ed to create md0, and another 4 disks RAID-5ed to create md1. These are then combined via LVM to create one partition. There was a power outage while I was gone, and when I got back, it looked like one of the disks in md1 was out of sync - mdadm kept claiming that it only could find 3 of the 4 drives. The only thing I could do to get anything to happen was to use mdadm --create on those four disks, then let it rebuild the array. This seemed like a bad idea to me, but none of the stuff I had was critical (although it'd take a while to get it all back), and a thread somewhere claimed that this would fix things. If this trashed all of my data, then I suppose you can stop reading and just tell me that. After waiting four hours for the array to rebuild, md1 looked fine (I guess), but the lvm was complaining about not being able to find a device with the correct UUID, presumably because md1 changed UUIDs. I used the pvcreate and vgcfgrestore commands as documented here. Attempting to run an lvchange -a y on it, however, gives me a resume ioctl failed message. Is there any hope for me to recover my data, or have I completely mucked it up?

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  • Move every 3 rows into a column in excel

    - by Eliane El Asmr
    Please i need your help. I need to move every 3 rows into a new colomn. --Let's suppose i have this: Ambassade de France S.E. M. Patrice PAOLI 01-420000-420150 Ambassade de France Mme. Jamilé Anan 01-420000-420150 Ambassade de France Mme . Marie Maamari 01-420000-420150 --I need them to be Like this: Ambassade de France S.E. M. Patrice PAOLI 01-420000-420150 Ambassade de France Mme. Jamilé Anan 01-420000-420150 Ambassade de France Mme . Marie Maamari 01-420000-420150 I have this code. Can you help me Please. It's giving me error. Out of range. What should i change? It's urgent:(the code is for every 7, i need for every 3) Sub Every7() Dim i As Integer, j As Integer, cl As Range Dim myarray(100, 6) As Integer 'I don't know what your data is. Mine is integer data 'Change 100 to however many rows you have in your original data, divided by seven, round up 'remember arrays start at zero, so 6 really is 7 If MsgBox("Is your entire data selected?", vbYesNo, "Data selected?") <> vbYes Then MsgBox ("First select all your data") End If 'Read data into array For Each cl In Selection.Cells Debug.Print cl.Value myarray(i, j) = cl.Value If j = 6 Then i = i + 1 j = 0 Else j = j + 1 End If Next 'Now paste the array for your data into a new worksheet Worksheets.Add Range(Cells(1, 1), Cells(101, 7)) = myarray End Sub Thank you.

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  • Should I use "Raid 5 + spare" or "Raid 6"?

    - by Trevor Boyd Smith
    What is "Raid 5 + Spare" (excerpt from User Manual, Sect 4.17.2, P.54): RAID5+Spare: RAID 5+Spare is a RAID 5 array in which one disk is used as spare to rebuild the system as soon as a disk fails (Fig. 79). At least four disks are required. If one physical disk fails, the data remains available because it is read from the parity blocks. Data from a failed disk is rebuilt onto the hot spare disk. When a failed disk is replaced, the replacement becomes the new hot spare. No data is lost in the case of a single disk failure, but if a second disk fails before the system can rebuild data to the hot spare, all data in the array will be lost. What is "Raid 6" (excerpt from User Manual, Sect 4.17.2, P.54): RAID6: In RAID 6, data is striped across all disks (minimum of four) and a two parity blocks for each data block (p and q in Fig. 80) is written on the same stripe. If one physical disk fails, the data from the failed disk can be rebuilt onto a replacement disk. This Raid mode can support up to two disk failures with no data loss. RAID 6 provides for faster rebuilding of data from a failed disk. Both "Raid 5 + spare" and "Raid 6" are SO similar ... I can't tell the difference. When would "Raid 5 + Spare" be optimal? And when would "Raid 6" be optimal"? The manual dumbs down the different raid with 5 star ratings. "Raid 5 + Spare" only gets 4 stars but "Raid 6" gets 5 stars. If I were to blindly trust the manual I would conclude that "Raid 6" is always better. Is "Raid 6" always better?

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  • How to diagnose storage system scaling problems?

    - by Unknown
    We are currently testing the maximum sequential read throughput of a storage system (48 disks total behind two HP P2000 arrays) connected to HP DL580 G7 running RHEL 5 with 128 GB of memory. Initial testing has been mainly done by running DD-commands like this: dd if=/dev/mapper/mpath1 of=/dev/null bs=1M count=3000 In parallel for each disk. However, we have been unable to scale the results from one array (maximum throughput of 1.3 GB/s) to two (almost the same throughput). Each array is connected to a dedicated host bust adapter, so they should not be the bottleneck. The disks are currently in JBOD configuration, so each disk can be addressed directly. I have two questions: Is running multiple DD commands in parallel really a good way to test maximum read throughput? We have noticed very high SWAPIN-% numbers in iotop, which I find hard to explain because the target is /dev/null How shoud we proceed in trying to find the reason for the scaling problem? Do you thing the server itself is the bottleneck here, or could there be some linux parameters that we have overlooked?

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  • Converting a Windows 2003 server

    - by Jim Bass
    We have a legacy database system based upon MS SQL running on Windows Server 2003. The client software will only run on Windows XP. We have recently had success converting a client into a virtual machine and running it under Fusion on Mac minis. So far, it is working incredibly well. So well, in fact, that we are now considering trying to convert the server to a virtual machine. This raises several questions, though: 1. The server uses a raid array. Does the VM virtualize the raid array? I only ask because in my experience Windows products don't like it when you change core hardware. 2. Is there any reason why running SQL server on a virtual machine won't work? It will be up 24/7. 3. Is there a different converter for servers? 4. Will I have to track down the licensing for MS SQL and Server 2003 or will they come across ok? 5. The company that designed the software is no longer in business. There is some fear that the software is somehow tied to the hardware configuration. We bought the hardware, but their engineers came out and configured the system. Will the virtual machine be able to spoof particular chip sets? Thanks! Jim Bass

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  • make file readable by other users

    - by Alaa Gamal
    i was trying to make one sessions for my all subdomains (one session across subdomains) subdomain number one auth.site.com/session_test.php session_set_cookie_params(0, '/', '.site.com'); session_start(); echo session_id().'<br />'; $_SESSION['stop']='stopsss this'; print_r($_SESSION); subdomain number two anscript.site.com/session_test.php session_set_cookie_params(0, '/', '.site.com'); session_start(); echo session_id().'<br />'; print_r($_SESSION); Now when i visit auth.site.com/session_test.php i get this result 06pqdthgi49oq7jnlvuvsr95q1 Array ( [stop] => stopsss this ) And when i visit anscript.site.com/session_test.php i get this result 06pqdthgi49oq7jnlvuvsr95q1 Array () session id is same! but session is empty after two days of failed trys, finally i detected the problem the problem is in file promissions the file is not readable by the another user session file on my server -rw------- 1 auth auth 25 Jul 11 11:07 sess_06pqdthgi49oq7jnlvuvsr95q1 when i make this command on the server chmod 777 sess_06pqdthgi49oq7jnlvuvsr95q1 i get the problem fixed!! the file is became readable by (anscript.site.com) So, how to fix this problem? How to set the default promissions on session files? this is the promissions of the sessions directory Access: (0777/drwxrwxrwx) Uid: ( 0/ root) Gid: ( 0/ root)

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  • Auto Launching PHP-FPM

    - by Seth
    My plist file <?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?> <!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple Computer//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd" > <plist version='1.0'> <dict> <key>Label</key><string>org.macports.php-fpm</string> <key>ProgramArguments</key> <array> <string>/opt/local/bin/daemondo</string> <string>--label=php-fpm</string> <string>--start-cmd</string> <string>/opt/local/sbin/php-fpm</string> <string>;</string> <string>--pid=fileauto</string> <string>--pidfile</string> <string>/opt/local/var/run/php-fpm/php-fpm.pid</string> </array> <key>Debug</key><false/> <key>Disabled</key><true/> <key>OnDemand</key><false/> </dict> </plist> After rebooting, it's not loading up automatically. I still have to manually start php-fpm. I have tried unloading and adding RunAtLoad etc. with no luck and tried both these launchctl commands. sudo launchctl load -F /Library/LaunchDaemons/org.macports.php-fpm.plist sudo launchctl load -w /Library/LaunchDaemons/org.macports.php-fpm.plist

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  • SSH to remote host (edgemarc 4200 or 4500 series routers) and pull arp data

    - by MaQleod
    I've been trying to think of a method to do this for days, but have not come up with anything yet. Ideally, this is what I'm looking to do: From a windows XP machine, I need to open an SSH connection to a remote host, send the arp command, and pull the text results of the command back for use on the client. I will need to parse this data and preferably produce a 2D array of IPs and MAC addresses. There will be no shared keys, this is all done with a username and password that will always be different, they will need to be fed into the command via variables that will be pulled from a database using an autoit script based on the WAN ip of the remote host. Now the actual parsing of the data and creation of the array will be easy if I can just get the text of the arp table. Is there any way to ssh to a remote host, run a command and return the data from that command to the client in a batch script or perl script (it is ok if it writes the text to a file, I can read it out of the file later, I just need it to get to the client)?

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  • script to list user's mapped drive not giving results or error

    - by user223631
    We are in the process of migrating two file servers to a new server. We have mapped drives via user group in group policy. Many users have manually mapped drives and we need to find these mappings. I have created a PowerShell script to run that remotely get the drive mappings. It works on most computers but there are many that are not returning results and I am not getting any error messages. Each workstation on the list creates a text file and the ones that are not returning results have no text in the files. I can ping these machines. If the machine is not turned on, it does come up error message that the RPC server is not available. My domain user account is in a group that is in the local admin account. I have no idea why some are not working. Here is the script. # Load list into variable, which will become an array of strings If( !(Test-Path C:\Scripts)) { New-Item C:\Scripts -ItemType directory } If( !(Test-Path C:\Scripts\Computers)) { New-Item C:\Scripts\Computers -ItemType directory } If( !(Test-Path C:\Scripts\Workstations.txt)) { "No Workstations found. Please enter a list of Workstations under Workstation.txt"; Return} If( !(Test-Path C:\Scripts\KnownMaps.txt)) { "No Mapping to check against. Please enter a list of Known Mappings under KnownMaps.txt"; Return} $computerlist = Get-Content C:\Scripts\Workstations.txt # Loop through each item in the array (each computer in the list of computers we loaded into the variable) ForEach ($computer in $computerlist) { $diskObject = Get-WmiObject Win32_MappedLogicalDisk -computerName $computer | Select Name,ProviderName | Out-File C:\Tester\Computers\$computer.txt -width 200 } Select-String -Path C:\Tester\Computers\*.txt -Pattern cmsfiles | Out-File C:\Tester\Drivemaps-all.txt $strings = Get-Content C:\Tester\KnownMaps.txt Select-String -Path C:\Tester\Drivemaps-all.txt -Pattern $strings -notmatch -simplematch | Out-File C:\Tester\Drivemaps-nonmatch.txt -Width 200 Select-String -Path C:\Tester\Drivemaps-all.txt -Pattern $strings -simplematch | Out-File C:\Tester\Drivemaps-match.txt -Width 200

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  • FreeNAS pool configuration - RAID1 + other drives

    - by trnelson
    Simple questions, really. I found this answer with a similar setup, but not sure it answers my question. If it does, I'm curious why since the answer seems a bit unsure: ZFS Hard Drive Configuration in FreeNAS I'm building a server which will be used primarily for backup, plus some media streaming, possibly with Plex. I seem to understand most everything I need, but I'm still a bit confused on how pools work, and how to configure them for my scenario. I will have 2x 2TB WD Red drives, which I plan on using in a mirrored set up (RAID1). This would be for backup, and I'd also like to do offsite backup to my CrashPlan account from this array. I also have a few other drives: 1.5TB, 320GB, 250GB. I'm not sure exactly what to do with them yet, but looking for options. FreeNAS OS will be running from a 16GB USB Flash drive. Would it be wise to use the 1.5TB as a backup-backup, essentially as a mirror or perhaps for snapshots of the 2TB RAID1? I'm still learning about snapshots. Should the 2TB mirrored drives be in their own pool? Should the other drives be set up in their own pools as well, or should they be JBOD in a single pool? They may or may not get much use since the 2TB array is plenty for me. Does a dataset basically mimic the idea of a partition or a network share? In other words, I would map \SERVER\Share to X: on my laptop? Let's say I wanted to use the 250GB drive as an encrypted drive to store all of my cat pictures. Would it have to be in its own pool? If I use jails apps, should they go in the backup RAID1, or in another place? Thank you!

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  • Backup data from RAID 1 disk out of its server

    - by Doomsday
    I'm facing with a pretty easy problem in my opinion. I've extracted a working disk from a RAID1 and I'm looking to copy only data (FS and RAID configuration doesn't matter) into another location (another FS). My problem is I'm not able to mount properly this disk into another linux. I've first looked the partition table : # fdisk -l /dev/sdc Disk /dev/sdc: 640.1 GB, 640135028736 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 77825 cylinders, total 1250263728 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdc1 63 1249535699 624767818+ fd Linux raid autodetect /dev/sdc2 1249535700 1250017649 240975 fd Linux raid autodetect /dev/sdc3 1250017650 1250258624 120487+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris I've understood I should use dmraid tools. Once installed : # cat /proc/mdstat Personalities : md0 : inactive sdc1[1](S) 624767744 blocks unused devices: <none> And some other informations : # mdadm --examine /dev/sdc1 /dev/sdc1: Magic : a92b4efc Version : 0.90.00 UUID : 8f292f54:7e5aef72:7e5ab5fd:b348fd05 Creation Time : Mon Jun 2 03:39:41 2008 Raid Level : raid1 Used Dev Size : 624767744 (595.82 GiB 639.76 GB) Array Size : 624767744 (595.82 GiB 639.76 GB) Raid Devices : 2 Total Devices : 2 Preferred Minor : 0 Update Time : Tue Feb 7 22:34:59 2012 State : clean Active Devices : 2 Working Devices : 2 Failed Devices : 0 Spare Devices : 0 Checksum : a505b324 - correct Events : 15148 Number Major Minor RaidDevice State this 1 8 1 1 active sync /dev/sda1 0 0 8 17 0 active sync /dev/sdb1 1 1 8 1 1 active sync /dev/sda1 From here, I've tried to mount but I'm not comfortable with dmtools and how it's working. # mount /dev/sdc1 /mnt/sdc1 mount: unknown filesystem type 'linux_raid_member' # mount /dev/md0 /mnt/sdc1 mount: /dev/md0: can't read superblock I've seen some options to alter RAID array with mdadm but I only want to copy data on its filesystem before wiping them... Anyone has a clue ?

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  • Convention location for JAR files for a LaunchDaemon on OS X?

    - by Barry Wark
    I'm setting up a Hudson build slave on an OS X machine. I'm using launchd to start the slave using the following plist in `/Library/LaunchDaemons/': <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd"> <plist version="1.0"> <dict> <key>KeepAlive</key> <true/> <key>Label</key> <string>org.hudson-ci.jnlpslave</string> <key>ProgramArguments</key> <array> <string>/usr/bin/java</string> <string>-jar</string> <string>/Users/Shared/Hudson/slave.jar</string> <string>-noCertificateCheck</string> <string>-jnlpUrl</string> <string>file:///Users/Shared/Hudson/slave-agent.jnlp</string> </array> <key>RunAtLoad</key> <true/> </dict> </plist> I'm currently putting the slave.jar and slave-agent.jnlp files in /Users/Shared/Hudson but this seems like an unnecessarily user-visible location. What's the convention? Where should I be putting these JARs for a daemon?

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  • RAID-capable 3.5" SATA Drives

    - by nroam
    I recently purchased a pair of 1TB Western Digital WD1002FBYS RE3 drives for use in an external RAID enclosure. I have found that they tend to drop out of the array after a while. Thinking it was the enclosure I tried them on another one but found the same issue. So a bit of googling and I found http://www.tomshardware.com/forum/251076-32-raid-issues-western-digital-hard-disk which suggests that: "WD's "RE" (RAID Edition) HDDs support Time-Limited Error Recovery ("TLER" ): http://www.wdc.com/en/products/productcatalog.asp?language=en As a non-TLER HDD fills up with data, the error detection firmware might take too long, and the RAID controller may drop that HDD from a RAID array." So now I wonder what SATA drives have firmware which is compatible with RAID arrays (esp. RAID 1, 5, but not 0)? I have not been able to come up with the magic set of keywords to ellicit the answer from Google. However, various sites suggest that Seagate & Hitachi are in general OK. Does anyone have any generic (or even specific) guidance on how to work out if a drive's firmware may harbour code that is potentially an issue in a RAID0 setting other than stating that it must be 'enterprise' ready?

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  • RAID degraded on Ubuntu server

    - by reano
    We're having a very weird issue at work. Our Ubuntu server has 6 drives, set up with RAID1 as follows: /dev/md0, consisting of: /dev/sda1 /dev/sdb1 /dev/md1, consisting of: /dev/sda2 /dev/sdb2 /dev/md2, consisting of: /dev/sda3 /dev/sdb3 /dev/md3, consisting of: /dev/sdc1 /dev/sdd1 /dev/md4, consisting of: /dev/sde1 /dev/sdf1 As you can see, md0, md1 and md2 all use the same 2 drives (split into 3 partitions). I also have to note that this is done via ubuntu software raid, not hardware raid. Today, the /md0 RAID1 array shows as degraded - it is missing the /dev/sdb1 drive. But since /dev/sdb1 is only a partition (and /dev/sdb2 and /dev/sdb3 are working fine), it's obviously not the drive that's gone AWOL, it seems the partition itself is missing. How is that even possible? And what could we do to fix it? My output of cat /proc/mdstat: Personalities : [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10] md1 : active raid1 sda2[0] sdb2[1] 24006528 blocks super 1.2 [2/2] [UU] md2 : active raid1 sda3[0] sdb3[1] 1441268544 blocks super 1.2 [2/2] [UU] md0 : active raid1 sda1[0] 1464710976 blocks super 1.2 [2/1] [U_] md3 : active raid1 sdd1[1] sdc1[0] 2930133824 blocks super 1.2 [2/2] [UU] md4 : active raid1 sdf2[1] sde2[0] 2929939264 blocks super 1.2 [2/2] [UU] unused devices: <none> FYI: I tried the following: mdadm /dev/md0 --add /dev/sdb1 But got this error: mdadm: add new device failed for /dev/sdb1 as 2: Invalid argument Output of mdadm --detail /dev/md0 is: /dev/md0: Version : 1.2 Creation Time : Sat Dec 29 17:09:45 2012 Raid Level : raid1 Array Size : 1464710976 (1396.86 GiB 1499.86 GB) Used Dev Size : 1464710976 (1396.86 GiB 1499.86 GB) Raid Devices : 2 Total Devices : 1 Persistence : Superblock is persistent Update Time : Thu Nov 7 15:55:07 2013 State : clean, degraded Active Devices : 1 Working Devices : 1 Failed Devices : 0 Spare Devices : 0 Name : lia:0 (local to host lia) UUID : eb302d19:ff70c7bf:401d63af:ed042d59 Events : 26216 Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 0 8 1 0 active sync /dev/sda1 1 0 0 1 removed

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  • Viability of Mac OS X 10.9 Time Machine Server in office environment

    - by user197609
    Currently we have about 20 Mac OS 10.9 MacBook Pros (almost all with SSDs) backing up to individual USB drives. I'd like to consolidate these to one drobo thunderbolt drive array attached to a Mac Mini server (running 10.9 server) using time machine server. My question is, will this scale to 20 users? Examples I have seen seem to be 5 or 6 users tops, and this isn't easy for me to test (I'd rather not ask everyone to backup to the array and then switch back to USB drives if it brings our network to its knees). My primary concern is saturating our gigabit network, as time machine backs up every hour for every machine, so there would usually be a couple people backing up at any given time. We also have some people occasionally on our 802.11ac network and not on ethernet (usually connected via 802.11n until people upgrade to newer machines), but most of the time people are connected to our thunderbolt displays which have a gigabit ethernet connection on them. Our network topology is one 32 port gigabit switch with 5 smaller gigabit switches at each desk cluster. The mac mini server is connected directly to the top level switch. Update: Failing information from someone who has done this in practice, I suppose my question is really around how switches work. If three or four people are backing up simultaneously, and then other two (different) users transfer a file between each other, will they be able to transfer the file at gigabit speeds?

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  • Software for RAID Failure Alerts?

    - by QF_Developer
    I have two 256 GB Samsung 840 Pro SSD disks in a RAID 1 array. I would like to receive a notification if one of the disks in the array fails. Can anybody recommend an application I can install on the server to fire an email if such an event occurs? Here are some additional specs: Supermicro X9SCM-IIF motherboard utilising the hardware RAID controller. OS = Windows 2012 Standard Also is it possible to simulate a disk failure by pulling it out of the bay? SSDs appear to fail close together when in a mirrored config so I'd like to know ASAP if one goes down so I can swap them out with minimum delay. UPDATE 26th June 2013 ------------------------ None of the software that ships with the Supermicro X9SCM-* motherboards offer support for RAID monitoring. As has been pointed out here, these boards are built on an Intel chipset for RAID and so I installed Intel Rapid Storage Technology that supports automated email notifications on RAID failure http://www.intel.com/support/chipsets/imsm/sb/cs-020784.htm One small issue, the software only allows you to send email notifications without SMTP authentication. There's a bunch of different workarounds here: http://communities.intel.com/thread/30771

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  • htaccess mod_rewrite conundrum

    - by kelton52
    Ok, so I have this .htaccess file that contains this <IfModule mod_rewrite.c> RewriteEngine On RewriteBase / RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d RewriteRule . /index.php?p=%{REQUEST_URI}&%{QUERY_STRING} [L] </IfModule> Problem is, that in apache 2.2.22, the p and the other query objects don't come through, but it works great in apache 2.4.2 . So basically in apache 2.2.22 it just forwards everything to index.php, but it doesn't have any get objects. Any help, thanks. Update Ok so I changed the line RewriteRule . /index.php?p=%{REQUEST_URI}&%{QUERY_STRING} [L] to RewriteRule ^(.*) /index.php?p=$1 [L,QSA] And now on apache 2.2.22 the p GET doesn't go through, but any specific queries I add go through. So If I do http://localhost/index/fun/buns/funds?man=woman on 2.4.2 I get array (size=2) 'p' => string 'index/fun/buns/funds' (length=20) 'man' => string 'woman' (length=5) and on 2.2.22 I get array(1) { ["man"]=> string(5) "woman" } To be clear What's happening on 2.4.2 is what I want, and 2.2.22 isn't cooperating. Another Update Ok so it seems like what is happening is that when I do /index/whatever, it auto assumes index.php, and ignores that, it auto adds the .php to it, when I don't want it to. Any ideas on how to stop that?

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  • How to reliably mount a shared folder /volume/folder at boot up

    - by Tanmay
    Following is my sample.sh in /usr/local/bin/ #!/bin/sh mkdir -p /Volumes/folder mount -t afp -o rw afp://user:password@server_name/folder_name /Volumes/folder Following is my com.apple.sample.plist in /Library/LaunchAgents/ ?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd"> <plist version="1.0"> <dict> <key>Label</key> <string>com.apple.sample</string> <key>ProgramArguments</key> <array> <string>/usr/local/bin/sample.sh</string> </array> <key>RunAtLoad</key> <true/> </dict> </plist> Where as when I am able to run sample.sh independently and is working fine. Also I have tried using launchd.conf as mkdir -p /Volumes/folder mount -t afp -o rw afp://user:[email protected]/testsuites /Volumes/folder Still not working.

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  • Hungry hungry BIOS: why do I have less than 4 GiB of memory?

    - by Rhymoid
    I thought I had 4 GiB of memory, but just to be sure, let's ask the BIOS about that: ?: sudo dmidecode --type 20 # dmidecode 2.12 SMBIOS 2.6 present. Handle 0x000B, DMI type 20, 19 bytes Memory Device Mapped Address Starting Address: 0x00000000000 Ending Address: 0x0007FFFFFFF Range Size: 2 GB Physical Device Handle: 0x000A Memory Array Mapped Address Handle: 0x000E Partition Row Position: Unknown Interleave Position: Unknown Interleaved Data Depth: Unknown Handle 0x000D, DMI type 20, 19 bytes Memory Device Mapped Address Starting Address: 0x00080000000 Ending Address: 0x000FFFFFFFF Range Size: 2 GB Physical Device Handle: 0x000C Memory Array Mapped Address Handle: 0x000E Partition Row Position: Unknown Interleave Position: Unknown Interleaved Data Depth: Unknown Alright, 4 GiB it is. But I can't use all of it: ?: cat /proc/meminfo | head -n 1 MemTotal: 3913452 kB Somehow, somewhere, I lost 274 MiB. Where did 6% of my memory go? Now I know the address ranges in DMI are incorrect, because the ACPI memory map reports usable ranges well beyond the ending address of the second memory module: ?: dmesg | grep -E "BIOS-e820: .* usable" [ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000000000-0x000000000009e7ff] usable [ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000100000-0x00000000dee7bfff] usable [ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000100000000-0x0000000117ffffff] usable I get pretty much the same info from /proc/iomem (except for the 4 kiB hole 0x000-0xFFF), which also shows that the kernel only accounts for less than 8 MiB. I guess 0x00000000-0x7FFFFFFF is indeed mapped to the first memory module, and 0x80000000-0xDFFFFFFF to part of the second memory module (a bunch of ACPI NVS things live between 0xDEE7C000 and 0xDEF30FFF, and the remaining 16-something MiB of that range are just 'reserved'). I guess the highest 0x18000000 bytes of the second memory module are mapped above the 4 GiB mark. But even then, there are two problems: 128 MiB (0x08000000 bytes, living somewhere between 0xE0000000 and 0xFFFFFFFF) are still completely unaccounted for. To note, my graphics card is on PCI-Express and (allegedly) has 1 GiB dedicated memory, so that shouldn't be the culprit. Did the BIOS screw up in moving the memory, leaving it partially shadowed by MMIO? Even with this mediocre explanation, I only 'found' 128 MiB. But /proc/meminfo is reporting a much larger deficit; where's the other 146 MiB? How does Linux count MemTotal?

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  • Server periodically freezing - Help Stabilizing

    - by JonDog
    We run an asp.net/sql server data collection website with a hand full of clients dumping data in and running reports. We moved to a new server (specs below) and have had issues with it freezing and having to reboot it a dozen times over the pass six months. The hosting company has mentioned possible causes (listed below) but cant give a definite answer on what is going wrong. They have offered to reconfigure how ever I like. We have benefited from having a much faster system and really dont want to get rid of the ssd's unless they are the issue. Two possible setup changes that I've talked with them about are also listed below. Any suggestions on what maybe causing the freezing issue as well as suggestion on a new setup would be great. My main questions are: Do SSD generally have problems running the OS & SQL Server on the same RAID Array? and Are the new SSD's still unrefined enough to be running in a production environment? Thanks Current: Xeon Quad Core E3-1270 3.40 Ghz 16 GB DDR3-1333 ECC SDRAM First Hard Drive: 120GB Intel SSD Second Hard Drive: 120GB Intel SSD Third Hard Drive: 120GB Intel SSD Fourth Hard Drive: 120GB Intel SSD SAS 4 Port RAID Card Windows 2012 Standard Edition - 64 Bit MSSQL 2008 Web Edition Possible Causes: Running Sql Server & OS on same RAID Array OS Software Issues Using SSD's CPU Underpowered Not enough RAM Option 1 2x Xeon Quad Core E5-2603 1.80 GHz 16 GB DDR3-1333 ECC SDRAM 1 x 240GB Intel SSD - OS 3 x 1 TB SATA HDD (7200 RPM) - SQL Server SATA 4 Port RAID Card Windows 2012 Standard Edition - 64 Bit Option 2 Dell PowerEdge E3-1270v2 3.5GHz 4 Cores 16 GB DDR3-1600 UDIMM 4 x 128 GB Samsung 840 Pro SSD Add-in H200 (SAS/SATA Controller), 4 Hard Drives - RAID 10 Windows 2012 Standard Edition - 64 Bit

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  • Can't get a display albums function to work... php [closed]

    - by Zhenia
    need your help with the code, please. I am trying to display an album from the database, but i just get some strange signs having no idea why... the signs are Albums Help me out if you know how to solve this problem. how can i maKe the code to display name of the album and amount of images in it? i am sure all is fine with the db. this is the function: function get_albums() { $albums = array(); // not always have got to put brackets $albums_query = "SELECT albums.album_id, albums.timestamp, albums.name, LEFT(albums.description, 50) as description, COUNT(images.image_id) as image_count FROM albums LEFT JOIN images ON albums.album_id = images.album_id WHERE albums.user_id = '{$_SESSION['user_id']}' GROUP BY albums.album_id"; $res = mysql_query($albums_query) or die(mysql_error().'<br>'.$albums_query); while($albums_row = mysql_fetch_assoc($res)){ $albums = array ( 'id' => $albums_row['album_id'], 'timestamp'=> $albums_row['timestamp'], 'name' => $albums_row['name'], 'description' => $albums_row['description'], 'count' =>$albums_row['image_count'] ); } return $albums; } and the other half of the code: <?php $albums = get_albums(); if(empty($albums)) { echo'<p>You don\'t have any albums</p>'; }else{ foreach($albums as $album){ echo'<p><a href="view_album.php?album_id=',$album['id'],'">',$album['name'],'</a>(',$album['count'],'images)<br /></p>'; } } ?>

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