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  • Sorting by some field and fetching whole tree from DB

    - by Niaxon
    Hello everyone, I am trying to do file browser in a tree form and have a problem to sort it somehow. I use PHP and MySQL for that. I've created mixed (nested set + adjacency) table 'element' with the following fields: element_id, left_key, right_key, level, parent_id, element_name, element_type (enum: 'folder','file'), element_size. Let's not discuss right now that it is better to move information about element (name, type, size) into other table. Function to scan specified directory and fill table work correctly. Noteworthy, i am adding elements to tree in specific order: folders first and only files. After that i can easily fetch and display whole table on the page using simple query: SELECT * FROM element WHERE 1=1 ORDER BY left_key With the result of that query and another function i can generate correct html code (<ul><li>... and so on). Now back to the question (finally, huh?). I am struggling to add sorting functionality. For example i want to order my result by size. Here i need to keep in my mind whole hierarchy of tree and rule: folders first, files later. I believe i can do that by generating in PHP recursive query: SELECT * FROM element WHERE parent_id = {$parentId} ORDER BY element_type (so folders would be first), size (or name for example) After that for each result which is folder i will send another query to get it's content. Also it's possible to fetch whole tree by left_key and after that sort it in PHP as array but i guess that would be worse :) I wonder if there is better and more efficient way to do such thing?

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  • Find messages from certain key till certain key while being able to remove stale keys.

    - by Alfred
    My problem Let's say I add messages to some sort of datastructure: 1. "dude" 2. "where" 3. "is" 4. "my" 5. "car" Asking for messages from index[4,5] should return: "my","car". Next let's assume that after a while I would like to purge old messages because they aren't useful anymore and I want to save memory. Let's say at time x messages[1-3] became stale. I assume that it would be most efficient to just do the deletion once every x seconds. Next my datastructure should contain: 4. "my" 5. "car" My solution? I was thinking of using a concurrentskiplistset or concurrentskiplist map. Also I was thinking of deleting the old messages from inside a newSingleThreadScheduledExecutor. I would like to know how you would implement(efficiently/thread-safe) this or maybe use a library?

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  • Parallelizing L2S Entity Retrieval

    - by MarkB
    Assuming a typical domain entity approach with SQL Server and a dbml/L2S DAL with a logic layer on top of that: In situations where lazy loading is not an option, I have settled on a convention where getting a list of entities does not also get each item's child entities (no loading), but getting a single entity does (eager loading). Since getting a single entity also gets children, it causes a cascading effect in which each child then gets its children too. This sounds bad, but as long as the model is not too deep, I usually don't see performance problems that outweigh the benefits of the ease of use. So if I want to get a list in which each of the items is fully hydrated with children, I combine the GetList and GetItem methods. So I'll get a list and then loop through it getting each item with the full cascade. Even this is generally acceptable in many of the projects I've worked on - but I have recently encountered situations with larger models and/or more data in which it needs to be more efficient. I've found that partitioning the loop and executing it on multiple threads yields excellent results. In my first experiment with a list of 50 items from one particular project, I did 5 threads of 10 items each and got a 3X improvement in time. Of course, the mileage will vary depending on the project but all else being equal this is clearly a big opportunity. However, before I go further, I was wondering what others have done that have already been through this. What are some good approaches to parallelizing this type of thing?

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  • Is it possible to create multi-tiered WHERE statements in mySQL

    - by Brendan
    I'm currently developing a program that will generate reports based upon lead data. My issue is that I'm running 3 queries for something that I would like to only have to run one query for. For instance, I want to gather data for leads generated in the past day submission_date > (NOW() - INTERVAL 1 DAY) and I would like to find out how many total leads there were, and how many sold leads there were in that timeframe. (sold=1 / sold=0). The issue comes with the fact that this query is currently being done with 2 queries, one with WHEREsold= 1 and one with WHEREsold= 0. This is all well and good, but when I want to generate this data for the past day,week,month,year,and all time I will have to run 10 queries to obtain this data. I feel like there HAS to be a more efficient way of doing this. I know I can create a mySQL function for this, but I don't see how this could solve the problem. Thanks!!

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  • Is there a way to receive data as unsigned char over UDP on Qt?

    - by user269037
    I need to send floating point numbers using a UDP connection to a Qt application. Now in Qt the only function available is qint64 readDatagram ( char * data, qint64 maxSize, QHostAddress * address = 0, quint16 * port = 0 ) which accepts data in the form of signed character buffer. I can convert my float into a string and send it but it will obviously not be very efficient converting a 4 byte float into a much longer sized character buffer. I got hold of these 2 functions to convert a 4 byte float into an unsinged 32 bit integer to transfer over network which works fine for a simple C++ UDP program but for Qt I need to receive the data as unsigned char. Is it possible to avoid converting the floatinf point data into a string and then sending it? uint32_t htonf(float f) { uint32_t p; uint32_t sign; if (f < 0) { sign = 1; f = -f; } else { sign = 0; } p = ((((uint32_t)f)&0x7fff)<<16) | (sign<<31); // Whole part and sign. p |= (uint32_t)(((f - (int)f) * 65536.0f))&0xffff; // Fraction. return p; } float ntohf(uint32_t p) { float f = ((p>>16)&0x7fff); // Whole part. f += (p&0xffff) / 65536.0f; // Fraction. if (((p>>31)&0x1) == 0x1) { f = -f; } // Sign bit set. return f; }

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  • PHP Arrays: Pop an array of single-element arrays into one array.

    - by Rob Drimmie
    Using a proprietary framework, I am frequently finding myself in the situation where I get a resultset from the database in the following format: array(5) { [0] => array(1) { ["id"] => int(241) } [1] => array(1) { ["id"] => int(2) } [2] => array(1) { ["id"] => int(81) } [3] => array(1) { ["id"] => int(560) } [4] => array(1) { ["id"] => int(10) } } I'd much rather have a single array of ids, such as: array(5) { [0] => int(241) [1] => int(2) [2] => int(81) [3] => int(560) [4] => int(10) } To get there, I frequently find myself writing: $justIds = array(); foreach( $allIds as $id ) { $justIds[] = $id["id"]; } Is there a more efficient way to do this?

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  • Database (MySQL) structuring: pros and cons of multiple tables

    - by Gideon
    I am collecting data and storing it MySQL, for: 75 variables 55 countries Each year I have, at this stage since I am building this tool created a single table, of variables / countries (storing 1 year worth of data). Next year (and for several years after that) a new set of data will be input for each country. There are therefore 3 variables in controlling data returned to a user reviewing all collected data. The general form of any query would be: Show me these specifics variables, for these specific countries, for these specific years. (Show me average age and weight, for USA and Canada, for 2012 and 2009, for example) My question is, it seems that I have two options for arranging this data: -Multiple tables where I create a table of country / variable for each year data is collected - Single table and simply add a column (field) for the year that data relates to. As far as I can tell I could make these database calls with either sructure, but is one more powerful / efficient / quicker, and why? Thanks for your consideration. It's a PDO / PHP interface if that is relevent.

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  • Stable/repeatable random sort (MySQL, Rails)

    - by Matt Rogish
    I'd like to paginate through a randomly sorted list of ActiveRecord models (rows from MySQL database). However, this randomization needs to persist on a per-session basis, so that other people that visit the website also receive a random, paginate-able list of records. Let's say there are enough entities (tens of thousands) that storing the randomly sorted ID values in either the session or a cookie is too large, so I must temporarily persist it in some other way (MySQL, file, etc.). Initially I thought I could create a function based on the session ID and the page ID (returning the object IDs for that page) however since the object ID values in MySQL are not sequential (there are gaps), that seemed to fall apart as I was poking at it. The nice thing is that it would require no/minimal storage but the downsides are that it is likely pretty complex to implement and probably CPU intensive. My feeling is I should create an intersection table, something like: random_sorts( sort_id, created_at, user_id NULL if guest) random_sort_items( sort_id, item_id, position ) And then simply store the 'sort_id' in the session. Then, I can paginate the random_sorts WHERE sort_id = n ORDER BY position LIMIT... as usual. Of course, I'd have to put some sort of a reaper in there to remove them after some period of inactivity (based on random_sorts.created_at). Unfortunately, I'd have to invalidate the sort as new objects were created (and/or old objects being removed, although deletion is very rare). And, as load increases the size/performance of this table (even properly indexed) drops. It seems like this ought to be a solved problem but I can't find any rails plugins that do this... Any ideas? Thanks!!

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  • Image Gurus: Optimize my Python PNG transparency function

    - by ozone
    I need to replace all the white(ish) pixels in a PNG image with alpha transparency. I'm using Python in AppEngine and so do not have access to libraries like PIL, imagemagick etc. AppEngine does have an image library, but is pitched mainly at image resizing. I found the excellent little pyPNG module and managed to knock up a little function that does what I need: make_transparent.py pseudo-code for the main loop would be something like: for each pixel: if pixel looks "quite white": set pixel values to transparent otherwise: keep existing pixel values and (assuming 8bit values) "quite white" would be: where each r,g,b value is greater than "240" AND each r,g,b value is within "20" of each other This is the first time I've worked with raw pixel data in this way, and although works, it also performs extremely poorly. It seems like there must be a more efficient way of processing the data without iterating over each pixel in this manner? (Matrices?) I was hoping someone with more experience in dealing with these things might be able to point out some of my more obvious mistakes/improvements in my algorithm. Thanks!

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  • Mgmt wants to re-title my position: Any help...? [closed]

    - by JohnFlyTN
    Management here wants to re-title my position, since I'm doing quite a bit of different work than was originally planned. They want my input. After a quick glance over my skill set and job duties, what would we need to describe this position as? I'll just list things I'm at least proficient in, I will not list things I have a passing knowledge of. About me : ~10 years software development. Languages : C, C++, Perl, PHP, C#, TCL, Unix shell scripting, SQL (TSQL, PLSQL) Systems : MS-Dos, Windows 3.1 to 7 for client, NT 4 to 2008 for server, OS/2, IBM MVS & z/OS, Linux ( multiple distros), AIX Current position: I do all sorts of in-house software. The range is single user apps to large systems spanning multiple OS's. One of the larger projects I've designed and coded is about 100k lines of C#, and a database where I have been the sole designer and maintainer. I have near total freedom to design as I see fit, restraints are usually budgetary. Skills required to replace me in my current role: Windows and Unix admin, Database design, .NET up to 3.5 (C#, ASP.NET), C++, Perl, good skills in designing large and efficient data processing systems. Given this small level of information what would you see this as being titled? (is more information required to render a decision?)

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  • Better way to compare neighboring cells in matrix

    - by HyperCube
    Suppose I have a matrix of size 100x100 and I would like to compare each pixel to its direct neighbor (left, upper, right, lower) and then do some operations on the current matrix or a new one of the same size. A sample code in Python/Numpy could look like the following: (the comparison 0.5 has no meaning, I just want to give a working example for some operation while comparing the neighbors) import numpy as np my_matrix = np.random.rand(100,100) new_matrix = np.array((100,100)) my_range = np.arange(1,99) for i in my_range: for j in my_range: if my_matrix[i,j+1] > 0.5: new_matrix[i,j+1] = 1 if my_matrix[i,j-1] > 0.5: new_matrix[i,j-1] = 1 if my_matrix[i+1,j] > 0.5: new_matrix[i+1,j] = 1 if my_matrix[i-1,j] > 0.5: new_matrix[i-1,j] = 1 if my_matrix[i+1,j+1] > 0.5: new_matrix[i+1,j+1] = 1 if my_matrix[i+1,j-1] > 0.5: new_matrix[i+1,j-1] = 1 if my_matrix[i-1,j+1] > 0.5: new_matrix[i-1,j+1] = 1 This can get really nasty if I want to step into one neighboring cell and start from it to do a similar task... Do you have some suggestions how this can be done in a more efficient manner? Is this even possible?

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  • How to make chrome.tabs.update works with content script

    - by user1673772
    I work on a little extension on Google Chrome, I want to create a new tab, go on the url "sample"+i+".com", launch a content script on this url, update the current tab to "sample"+(i+1)+".com", and launch the same script. I looked the Q&A available on stackoverflow and I google it but I didn't found a solution who works. This is my actually code of background.js (it works), it creates two tabs (i=21 and i=22) and load my content script for each url, when I tried to do a chrome.tabs.update Chrome launchs directly a tab with i = 22 (and the script works only one time) : function extraction(tab) { for (var i =21; i<23;i++) { chrome.storage.sync.set({'extraction' : 1}, function() {}); //for my content script chrome.tabs.create({url: "http://example.com/"+i+".html"}, function() {}); } } chrome.browserAction.onClicked.addListener(function(tab) {extraction(tab);}); If anyone can help me, the content script and manifest.json are not the problem. I want to make that 15000 times so I can't do otherwise. Thank you.

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  • Accessing HTML DOM elements from javascript using `.childNodes`

    - by Martin
    I'm wondering about the .childNodes property, I have the code below, and for some reason I get 18 children, while 6 are HTMLInputElements as expected, and the rest are undefined. What is this about? Is there an efficient way to iterate over the input elements? <html> <head> <script> window.onload = function(e){ form = document.getElementById('myForm'); alert(form.childNodes.length); for(i=0; i<form.childNodes.length; i++){ alert(form[i]); } } </script> </head> <body> <form id='myForm' action="haha" method="post"> Name: <input type="text" id="fnameAdd" name="name" /><br /> Phone1: <input type="text" id="phone1Add" name="phone1" /><br /> Phone2: <input type="text" id="phone2Add" name="phone2" /><br /> E-Mail: <input type="text" id="emailAdd" name="email" /><br /> Address: <input type="text" id="addressAdd" name="address" /><br /> <input type="submit" value="Save" /> </body> </html>

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  • C# Hook Forms / Windows / Dialogs etc. (via HWND?) to Capture Video Buffer (D3D Device?)

    - by Drax
    I am looking to create a very simple C# application which runs Full-Screen in Direct3D, and is able to grab the Desktop 'scene', mapping each Window from the Desktop to a Textured Polygon in my D3D Scene... I'm hoping to create a simplistic "3D Desktop" type of application as an experiment, and I'm wondering if there is a specific method for doing something like the following: 1)Get a list of all the Windows open on the Desktop (List of HWNDs?). 2)Grab the X,Y position of each Window, as well as the Width and Height. 3)Grab the Rendered image of each Window (magic happens here). 4)Create a new Texture/Surface in D3D using the Width and Height of the Window(s), and apply the Image we grabbed as a Texture. Is there an efficient 'best practice' for acquiring the actual image(s) being rendered to the Desktop? Is there also a 'best practice' for "extending the desktop" to a virtual second, third, etc. "desktop" and being able to swap between them, including creating a unique instance of the task-bar for each virtual desktop. Thanks a million for any suggestions!

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  • template specialization for static member functions; howto?

    - by Rolle
    I am trying to implement a template function with handles void differently using template specialization. The following code gives me an "Explicit specialization in non-namespace scope" in gcc: template <typename T> static T safeGuiCall(boost::function<T ()> _f) { if (_f.empty()) throw GuiException("Function pointer empty"); { ThreadGuard g; T ret = _f(); return ret; } } // template specialization for functions wit no return value template <> static void safeGuiCall<void>(boost::function<void ()> _f) { if (_f.empty()) throw GuiException("Function pointer empty"); { ThreadGuard g; _f(); } } I have tried moving it out of the class (the class is not templated) and into the namespace but then I get the error "Explicit specialization cannot have a storage class". I have read many discussions about this, but people don't seem to agree how to specialize function templates. Any ideas?

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  • Logic: Best way to sample & count bytes of a 100MB+ file

    - by Jami
    Let's say I have this 170mb file (roughly 180 million bytes). What I need to do is to create a table that lists: all 4096 byte combinations found [column 'bytes'], and the number of times each byte combination appeared in it [column 'occurrences'] Assume two things: I can save data very fast, but I can update my saved data very slow. How should I sample the file and save the needed information? Here're some suggestions that are (extremely) slow: Go through each 4096 byte combinations in the file, save each data, but search the table first for existing combinations and update it's values. this is unbelievably slow Go through each 4096 byte combinations in the file, save until 1 million rows of data in a temporary table. Go through that table and fix the entries (combine repeating byte combinations), then copy to the big table. Repeat going through another 1 million rows of data and repeat the process. this is faster by a bit, but still unbelievably slow This is kind of like taking the statistics of the file. NOTE: I know that sampling the file can generate tons of data (around 22Gb from experience), and I know that any solution posted would take a bit of time to finish. I need the most efficient saving process

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  • Combine Arbitrary number of polygons together

    - by Jakobud
    I have an arbitrary number of polygons (hexes in this case) that are arranged randomly, but they are all touching another hex. Each individual hex has 6 x,y vertices. The vertex's are known for all the hexes. Can anyone point me in the direction of an algorithm that will combine all the hexes into a single polygon? Essentially I'm just looking for a function that spits out an array of vertex locations that are ordered in a way that when drawing lines from one to the next, it forms the polygon. This is my method so far: Create array of all the vertices for all the hexes. Determine the number of times a vertex occurs in the array If vertex is in the array 3+ times, delete the vertices from the array. If vertex is in the array 2 times, delete one of them. The next step is tricky though. I'm using canvas to draw out these polygons, which essentially involves drawing a line from one vertex to the next. So the order of the vertices in the final array is important. It can't be sorted arbitrarily. Also, I'm not looking for a "convex hull" algorithm, as that would not draw the polygon correctly. Are there any functions out there that do something like this? Am I on the right track or is there a better more efficient way?

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  • Long primitive or AtomicLong for a counter?

    - by Rich
    Hi I have a need for a counter of type long with the following requirements/facts: Incrementing the counter should take as little time as possible. The counter will only be written to by one thread. Reading from the counter will be done in another thread. The counter will be incremented regularly (as much as a few thousand times per second), but will only be read once every five seconds. Precise accuracy isn't essential, only a rough idea of the size of the counter is good enough. The counter is never cleared, decremented. Based upon these requirements, how would you choose to implement your counter? As a simple long, as a volatile long or using an AtomicLong? Why? At the moment I have a volatile long but was wondering whether another approach would be better. I am also incrementing my long by doing ++counter as opposed to counter++. Is this really any more efficient (as I have been led to believe elsewhere) because there is no assignment being done? Thanks in advance Rich

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  • Interview Q: sorting an almost sorted array (elements misplaced by no more than k)

    - by polygenelubricants
    I was asked this interview question recently: You're given an array that is almost sorted, in that each of the N elements may be misplaced by no more than k positions from the correct sorted order. Find a space-and-time efficient algorithm to sort the array. I have an O(N log k) solution as follows. Let's denote arr[0..n) to mean the elements of the array from index 0 (inclusive) to N (exclusive). Sort arr[0..2k) Now we know that arr[0..k) are in their final sorted positions... ...but arr[k..2k) may still be misplaced by k! Sort arr[k..3k) Now we know that arr[k..2k) are in their final sorted positions... ...but arr[2k..3k) may still be misplaced by k Sort arr[2k..4k) .... Until you sort arr[ik..N), then you're done! This final step may be cheaper than the other steps when you have less than 2k elements left In each step, you sort at most 2k elements in O(k log k), putting at least k elements in their final sorted positions at the end of each step. There are O(N/k) steps, so the overall complexity is O(N log k). My questions are: Is O(N log k) optimal? Can this be improved upon? Can you do this without (partially) re-sorting the same elements?

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  • Why use shorter VARCHAR(n) fields?

    - by chryss
    It is frequently advised to choose database field sizes to be as narrow as possible. I am wondering to what degree this applies to SQL Server 2005 VARCHAR columns: Storing 10-letter English words in a VARCHAR(255) field will not take up more storage than in a VARCHAR(10) field. Are there other reasons to restrict the size of VARCHAR fields to stick as closely as possible to the size of the data? I'm thinking of Performance: Is there an advantage to using a smaller n when selecting, filtering and sorting on the data? Memory, including on the application side (C++)? Style/validation: How important do you consider restricting colunm size to force non-sensical data imports to fail (such as 200-character surnames)? Anything else? Background: I help data integrators with the design of data flows into a database-backed system. They have to use an API that restricts their choice of data types. For character data, only VARCHAR(n) with n <= 255 is available; CHAR, NCHAR, NVARCHAR and TEXT are not. We're trying to lay down some "good practices" rules, and the question has come up if there is a real detriment to using VARCHAR(255) even for data where real maximum sizes will never exceed 30 bytes or so. Typical data volumes for one table are 1-10 Mio records with up to 150 attributes. Query performance (SELECT, with frequently extensive WHERE clauses) and application-side retrieval performance are paramount.

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  • Use `require()` with `node --eval`

    - by rentzsch
    When utilizing node.js's newish support for --eval, I get an error (ReferenceError: require is not defined) when I attempt to use require(). Here's an example of the failure: $ node --eval 'require("http");' undefined:1 ^ ReferenceError: require is not defined at eval at <anonymous> (node.js:762:36) at eval (native) at node.js:762:36 $ Here's a working example of using require() typed into the REPL: $ node > require("http"); { STATUS_CODES: { '100': 'Continue' , '101': 'Switching Protocols' , '102': 'Processing' , '200': 'OK' , '201': 'Created' , '202': 'Accepted' , '203': 'Non-Authoritative Information' , '204': 'No Content' , '205': 'Reset Content' , '206': 'Partial Content' , '207': 'Multi-Status' , '300': 'Multiple Choices' , '301': 'Moved Permanently' , '302': 'Moved Temporarily' , '303': 'See Other' , '304': 'Not Modified' , '305': 'Use Proxy' , '307': 'Temporary Redirect' , '400': 'Bad Request' , '401': 'Unauthorized' , '402': 'Payment Required' , '403': 'Forbidden' , '404': 'Not Found' , '405': 'Method Not Allowed' , '406': 'Not Acceptable' , '407': 'Proxy Authentication Required' , '408': 'Request Time-out' , '409': 'Conflict' , '410': 'Gone' , '411': 'Length Required' , '412': 'Precondition Failed' , '413': 'Request Entity Too Large' , '414': 'Request-URI Too Large' , '415': 'Unsupported Media Type' , '416': 'Requested Range Not Satisfiable' , '417': 'Expectation Failed' , '418': 'I\'m a teapot' , '422': 'Unprocessable Entity' , '423': 'Locked' , '424': 'Failed Dependency' , '425': 'Unordered Collection' , '426': 'Upgrade Required' , '500': 'Internal Server Error' , '501': 'Not Implemented' , '502': 'Bad Gateway' , '503': 'Service Unavailable' , '504': 'Gateway Time-out' , '505': 'HTTP Version not supported' , '506': 'Variant Also Negotiates' , '507': 'Insufficient Storage' , '509': 'Bandwidth Limit Exceeded' , '510': 'Not Extended' } , IncomingMessage: { [Function: IncomingMessage] super_: [Function: EventEmitter] } , OutgoingMessage: { [Function: OutgoingMessage] super_: [Function: EventEmitter] } , ServerResponse: { [Function: ServerResponse] super_: [Circular] } , ClientRequest: { [Function: ClientRequest] super_: [Circular] } , Server: { [Function: Server] super_: { [Function: Server] super_: [Function: EventEmitter] } } , createServer: [Function] , Client: { [Function: Client] super_: { [Function: Stream] super_: [Function: EventEmitter] } } , createClient: [Function] , cat: [Function] } > Is there a way to use require() with node's --eval? I'm on node 0.2.6 on Mac OS X 10.6.5.

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  • Project Euler #119 Make Faster

    - by gangqinlaohu
    Trying to solve Project Euler problem 119: The number 512 is interesting because it is equal to the sum of its digits raised to some power: 5 + 1 + 2 = 8, and 8^3 = 512. Another example of a number with this property is 614656 = 28^4. We shall define an to be the nth term of this sequence and insist that a number must contain at least two digits to have a sum. You are given that a2 = 512 and a10 = 614656. Find a30. Question: Is there a more efficient way to find the answer than just checking every number until a30 is found? My Code int currentNum = 0; long value = 0; for (long a = 11; currentNum != 30; a++){ //maybe a++ is inefficient int test = Util.sumDigits(a); if (isPower(a, test)) { currentNum++; value = a; System.out.println(value + ":" + currentNum); } } System.out.println(value); isPower checks if a is a power of test. Util.sumDigits: public static int sumDigits(long n){ int sum = 0; String s = "" + n; while (!s.equals("")){ sum += Integer.parseInt("" + s.charAt(0)); s = s.substring(1); } return sum; } program has been running for about 30 minutes (might be overflow on the long). Output (so far): 81:1 512:2 2401:3 4913:4 5832:5 17576:6 19683:7 234256:8 390625:9 614656:10 1679616:11 17210368:12 34012224:13 52521875:14 60466176:15 205962976:16 612220032:17

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  • Obj-C Sending Messages Between Classes

    - by user544359
    I'm a newbie in iPhone Programming. I'm trying to send a message from one view controller to another. The idea is that viewControllerA takes information from the user and sends it to viewControllerB. viewControllerB is then supposed to display the information in a label. viewControllerA.h #import <UIKit/UIKit.h> @interface viewControllerA : UIViewController { int num; } -(IBAction)do; @end viewControllerA.m #import "viewControllerA.h" #import "viewControllerB.h" @implementation viewControllerA - (IBAction)do { //initializing int for example num = 2; viewControllerB *viewB = [[viewControllerB alloc] init]; [viewB display:num]; [viewB release]; //viewA is presented as a ModalViewController, so it dismisses itself to return to the //original view, i know it is not efficient [self dismissModalViewControllerAnimated:YES]; } - (void)dealloc { [super dealloc]; } @end viewControllerB.h #import <UIKit/UIKit.h> @interface viewControllerB : UIViewController { IBOutlet UILabel *label; } - (IBAction)openA; - (void)display:(NSInteger)myNum; @end viewControllerB.m #import "viewControllerB.h" #import "viewControllerA.h" @implementation viewControllerB - (IBAction)openA { //presents viewControllerA when a button is pressed viewControllerA *viewA = [[viewControllerA alloc] init]; [self presentModalViewController:viewA animated:YES]; } - (void)display:(NSInteger)myNum { NSLog(@"YES"); [label setText:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d", myNum]]; } @end YES is logged successfully, but the label's text does not change. I have made sure that all of my connections in Interface Builder are correct, in fact there are other (IBAction) methods in my program that change the text of this very label, and all of those other methods work perfectly... Any ideas, guys? You don't need to give me a full solution, any bits of information will help. Thanks.

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  • Does the Java Memory Model (JSR-133) imply that entering a monitor flushes the CPU data cache(s)?

    - by Durandal
    There is something that bugs me with the Java memory model (if i even understand everything correctly). If there are two threads A and B, there are no guarantees that B will ever see a value written by A, unless both A and B synchronize on the same monitor. For any system architecture that guarantees cache coherency between threads, there is no problem. But if the architecture does not support cache coherency in hardware, this essentially means that whenever a thread enters a monitor, all memory changes made before must be commited to main memory, and the cache must be invalidated. And it needs to be the entire data cache, not just a few lines, since the monitor has no information which variables in memory it guards. But that would surely impact performance of any application that needs to synchronize frequently (especially things like job queues with short running jobs). So can Java work reasonably well on architectures without hardware cache-coherency? If not, why doesn't the memory model make stronger guarantees about visibility? Wouldn't it be more efficient if the language would require information what is guarded by a monitor? As i see it the memory model gives us the worst of both worlds, the absolute need to synchronize, even if cache coherency is guaranteed in hardware, and on the other hand bad performance on incoherent architectures (full cache flushes). So shouldn't it be more strict (require information what is guarded by a monitor) or more lose and restrict potential platforms to cache-coherent architectures? As it is now, it doesn't make too much sense to me. Can somebody clear up why this specific memory model was choosen? EDIT: My use of strict and lose was a bad choice in retrospect. I used "strict" for the case where less guarantees are made and "lose" for the opposite. To avoid confusion, its probably better to speak in terms of stronger or weaker guarantees.

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  • What are the linkage of the following functions?

    - by Derui Si
    When I was reading the c++ 03 standard (7.1.1 Storage class specifiers [dcl.stc]), there are some examples as below, I'm not able to tell how the linkage of each successive declarations is determined? Could anyone help here? Thanks in advance! static char* f(); // f() has internal linkage char* f() { /* ... */ } // f() still has internal linkage char* g(); // g() has external linkage static char* g() { /* ... */ } // error: inconsistent linkage void h(); inline void h(); // external linkage inline void l(); void l(); // external linkage inline void m(); extern void m(); // external linkage static void n(); inline void n(); // internal linkage static int a; // a has internal linkage int a; // error: two definitions static int b; // b has internal linkage extern int b; // b still has internal linkage int c; // c has external linkage static int c; // error: inconsistent linkage extern int d; // d has external linkage static int d; // error: inconsistent linkage UPD: Additionally, how can I understand the statement in the standard, " The linkages implied by successive declarations for a given entity shall agree. That is, within a given scope, each declaration declaring the same object name or the same overloading of a function name shall imply the same linkage. Each function in a given set of overloaded functions can have a different linkage, however."

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