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• File/module structure in Python

  - by keithjgrant

  So I'm just getting started with Python, and currently working my way through diveintopython.org. The code examples are nice, but the vast majority of them are little four-line snippets, and I want to see a little more of the big picture. As I understand it--and correct me if I'm wrong--each '.py' file becomes a "module", and a group of modules in a directory becomes a "package" (at least, it does if I create a __init__.py file in that directory). What is it if I don't have a __init__.py file? So what does each "module" file look like? Do I generally define only one class in the file? Does anything else go in that file besides the class definition and maybe a handful of import commands?

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• Where do I put constants file for Codeigniter (PHP)?

  - by wag2639

  I have a list of constants (I'm using them as an enum), some are define statements, and some are just global variables. Where am I suppose to put them in the MVC framework so I can use them for both my model and my controller that needs to reference it? I'd rather not stick it into config/constants.php since they shouldn't be called except for by this model and the controllers that use it. Edit 1: Clarification To be more specific, I have my message_model model and it has a bunch of constants that I need that are stored in message_model_constants.php. Where should I put message_model_constants.php and is there a way to have it automatically included by the controller that loads message_model when message_model is not (and I don't want it to be) auto-loaded. Edit 2: I really don't want to have the constants auto-loaded except for when I use the model

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• findBy(x) Using Zend_Navigation with custom route

  - by Stephen

  I am creating my navigation from a db generated array and defining which route to use for some of the uris. when I set the route i am no longer able to use findByUri() as the uri seems to be moved under the properties key example array being used: [id] => 7 [label] => Legal [controller] => index [uri] => /legal [route] => cmsPage [visible] => 1 [params] => Array ( [first] => legal ) snippet of the output: [_properties:protected] => Array ( [uri] => /legal [created] => 2012-10-20 10:23:23 ) When I don't define the route I am able to use findByUri() successfully. currently I am looping through each to find the property that matches the request but it seems a long / wrong approach Is there a way to search by the nested param - or am i doing something wrong with the setup (everything else behaves as expected)

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• Is it a good idea to apply some basic macros to simplify code in a large project?

  - by DoctorT

  I've been working on a foundational c++ library for some time now, and there are a variety of ideas I've had that could really simplify the code writing and managing process. One of these is the concept of introducing some macros to help simplify statements that appear very often, but are a bit more complicated than should be necessary. For example, I've come up with this basic macro to simplify the most common type of for loop: #define loop(v,n) for(unsigned long v=0; v<n; ++v) This would enable you to replace those clunky for loops you see so much of: for (int i = 0, i < max_things; i++) With something much easier to write, and even slightly more efficient: loop (i, max_things) Is it a good idea to use conventions like this? Are there any problems you might run into with different types of compilers? Would it just be too confusing for someone unfamiliar with the macro(s)?

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• In Java, how do I set a return type if an exception occurs?

  - by beagleguy

  hey all, I'm new to Java and was wondering if I define a method to return a database object like import java.sql.*; public class DbConn { public Connection getConn() { Connection conn; try { Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver").newInstance(); if(System.getenv("MY_ENVIRONMENT") == "development") { String hostname = "localhost"; String username = "root"; String password = "root"; } conn = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql:///mydb", username, password); return conn; } catch(Exception e) { throw new Exception(e.getMessage()); } } } if the connection fails when I try to create it what should I return? eclipse is telling me I have to return a Connection object but if it fails I'm not sure what to do. thanks!

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• Show me some cool python list comprehensions

  - by christangrant

  One of the major strengths of python and a few other (functional) programming languages are the list comprehension. They allow programmers to write complex expressions in 1 line. They may be confusing at first but if one gets used to the syntax, it is much better than nested complicated for loops. With that said, please share with me some of the coolest uses of list comprehensions. (By cool, I just mean useful) It could be for some programming contest, or a production system. For example: To do the transpose of a matrix mat >>> mat = [ ... [1, 2, 3], ... [4, 5, 6], ... [7, 8, 9], ... ] >>> [[row[i] for row in mat] for i in [0, 1, 2]] [[1, 4, 7], [2, 5, 8], [3, 6, 9]] Please include a description of the expression and where it was used (if possible).

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• How can I give some basic text editing functionality to a firefox plugin?

  - by roddik

  Hello. I'm writing a plugin to Firefox, which is basically a sidebar, that is filled with yaml-formatted information based on what user does on the page (just another web testing solution). I want to enable user to change generated text manually right in the sidebar and: Add code-folding (folding click: \n text: some text to a single line) Add highlighting of registered actions (click, fill and so on) and unregistered actions (syntax errors) How do I do that? Is placing an iframe to the sidebar and trying to do that with html/js the best solution (seen it in a similar one)? As you may have noticed, I'm a newbie in plugin writing, so please excuse if anything.

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• Defining xml in an xsd where an attribute determines the possible contents

  - by SeanJA

  How would one go about defining something like this in an xsd? <start> <request type="typeA"> <elementOnlyFoundInA /> </request> <request type="typeB"> <elementOnlyFoundInB /> </request> </start> I ran xsd.exe just to get an idea of what it might look like, but it does not appear recognize the relationships between the value of type and the contents of the request. Is it even possible to define contents based on an attribute like this in an xsd file?

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• When (and why) is {} undefined in a JavaScript console?

  - by JS_Riddler

  In the console of both FF and Chrome, {} is considered undefined until explicitly evaluated: {}; // undefined ({}); // ? Object Actually, it's a bit less defined than undefined -- it's apparently bad syntax: {} === undefined; // SyntaxError: Unexpected token === {}.constructor; // SyntaxError: Unexpected token . But not if it's on the other side, in which case it's fine: "[object Object]" == {}.toString(); // true Or if it's not the first expression: undefined + undefined; // NaN {} + undefined; // NaN undefined + {}; // "undefined[object Object]" What gives?

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• Why isn't my favicon appearing in IE7/8?

  - by X3Maverick

  Page of interest: https://www.gsb-yourbank.com/test/ ICO file: https://www.gsb-yourbank.com/test/favicon.ico My favicon is a 16x16 resolution, 16-color ICO file. It will not appear in IE 7/8 no matter what I do! I've tried everything I can think of, including: generating the ICO with a variety of different utilities, changing the syntax of the favicon link elements in the document head, using absolute, relative, and root-relative URLs in the favicon link elements, using a PNG instead of an ICO file, ensuring that I am uploading the file via FTP in binary mode, As a longtime web developer/programmer, I can't believe that this is tripping me up. Any help would be greatly appreciated.

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• Fallback to another exiting MIME type when the required is missing in Rails

  - by fifigyuri

  I want to extend the exiting supported HTML type of my site by support for iPhone. For this I registered a new MIME type. I created a layout for iphone and also converted some of the html views to iphone version. However, I did not convert all of the html.erb-s. I do not see the reason to convert all views, some of them should not change, some partials simply just remain the same. I guess there should be a solution for this case. I tried to search for ways how to fallback to an existing format, but did not find any answer. Does a way to define fallback for MIME types in Rails exist? How does it work? If it doesn't exist and thus I wanted to solve the issue not the right way, what could simply solve the task of extending an existing site by another format? Thanks for your suggestions.

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• DI: Injecting ActionFilterAttribute implementation (ASP.NET MVC)

  - by Sosh

  I was wondering if it is possible to inject a particular ActionFilterAttribute implementation using a IoC container. For example, imagine you create a TransactionAttribute class [Transaction] You use this to decorate action which should be wrapped in a transaction in the persistence layer. But implementation details of the attribute will be tied to the persistence tech you are using, but strictly speaking, your controller should not know about this, and you might want to swap this out. What I would like to do, is define some kind of TransactionAttribute interface, and then have my IoC inject the correct implantation. So on my actions I only need specify: [Transaction] public ActionResult SomeAction() { .... } ...and the IoC will inject the correct implementation depending on config (eg. something like NHibernateTransactionAttribute, or SomeOtherORMTransactionAttribute). Is this possible? Has anyone done it?

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• Tutorials for an experienced C# user to learn C++

  - by Tim R.

  Are there any good resources for learning C++ that a C# user could use, which don't require knowledge of C? I have quite a good knowledge of C# via courses in my University's game development program (in a 300 level course right now) but now I need to use C++ for a project. I would use a beginner tutorial but they are so hard for me to follow and learn the basic syntax because they start so slowly. I found a few of tutorials for switching from C++ to C#, but none in the other direction. I do have a little bit of Objective C practice from iPhone programming as well.

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• Address of array vs. address of array[0] - C language

  - by user324994

  My question is why does the address of an array differ from the address of its first position? I'm trying to write my own malloc, but to start out I'm just allocating a chunk of memory and playing around with the addresses. My code looks roughly like this: #define BUFF_SIZE 1024 static char *mallocbuff; int main(){ mallocbuff = malloc(BUFF_SIZE); printf("The address of mallocbuff is %d\n", &mallocbuff); printf("The address of mallocbuff[0] is %d\n", &mallocbuff[0]); } &mallocbuff is the same address every time I run it. &mallocbuff[0] is some random address every time. I was expecting the addresses to match each other. Can anyone explain why this isn't the case?

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• Haskell: Problems with overloading: Interpreter can´t tell which + to use

  - by Ben

  Hi, I want to make functions Double - Double an instance of the Num typeclass. I want to define the sum of two functions as sum of their images. So I wrote instance Num Function where f + g = (\ x - (f x) + (g x)) Here the compiler complains he can´t tell whether I´m using Prelude.+ or Module.+ in the lambda expression. So I imported Prelude qualified as P and wrote instance Num Function where f + g = (\ x - (f x) P.+ (g x)) This compiles just fine, but when I try to add two functions in GHCi the interpreter complains again he can´t tell whether I´m using Prelude.+ or Module.+. Is there any way I can solve this problem?

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• Python - Is it possible to get the name of the chained function?

  - by user1326876

  I'm working on a class that basically allows for method chaining, for setting some attrbutes for different dictionaries stored. The syntax is as follows: d = Test() d.connect().setAttrbutes(Message=Blah, Circle=True, Key=True) But there can also be other instances, so, for example: d = Test() d.initialise().setAttrbutes(Message=Blah) Now I believe that I can overwrite the "setattrbutes" function; I just don't want to create a function for each of the dictionary. Instead I want to capture the name of the previous chained function. So in the example above I would then be given "connect" and "initialise" so I know which dictionary to store these inside. I hope this makes sense. Any ideas would be greatly appreciated :)

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• jQuery child of clicked element

  - by Tom

  Hi, I've got a list of links which have a click event attached to them, I need to get the ID from the child A link. So in the example below if I clicked the first list element I'd need google retuned. I've tried '$this a' but can't quite work out the syntax. jQuery: $("ul li").click(function(event){ $("input").val($(this).html()); } ); html: <ul> <li><a href="http://www.google.com" id="google">Google</a> </ul>

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• JavaScript eval() with `this`

  - by mojuba

  If I define a JavaScript code snippet in my HTML, like so: <div id=myElem onMyUpdate="alert('Update called for ' + this.id)">... then what is the most elegant way of evaluating it from within JavaScript with this properly assigned? What I came up with so far is something like this: if (elem.hasAttribute('onMyUpdate')) (function () { eval(elem.getAttribute('onMyUpdate')) }).call(elem); which looks terrible (to me), but works. Any better/more elegant alternatives? MDN says there used to be the second argument to eval() for doing just that but it's deprecated now; MDN then suggests to use operator with() instead, which, if you follow the link provided, turns out to be made deprecated by the latest standard. Dead end, in other words. (As a side note, StackOverflow ignores the word this in search terms and thus it may miss relevant answers - is there a way of telling it not to?) Edit: I forgot to mention: no jQuery please, just vanilla JavaScript

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• Ignoring (serious) errors to keep the program alive?

  - by SQuirreL bites

  One of the main things I wanted to achieve in my experimental programming language was: When errors occur (Syntax, Name, Type, etc.) keep the program running, no matter how serious or devastating it is. I know that this is probably very bad, but I just wanted something that doesn't kill itself on every error - I find it interesting what happens when a serious error occurs but the program continues. Does this "paradigm" have a name? I mean expect for How bad is it to do the above? Are there programs in use out there that just follow: "Hey, this is a fatal, unexpected error - but you know what? I don't care!"?

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• How to Create a Multiple Question ?

  - by user537422

  Hi Guys, I need to retrieve 6 questions from a plist and check the answer if is correct from the plist itself?? i will use a QR code scanner api to scan for answer, the api will covert to a string and read from the plist to check if the answer is correct... is there any tutorial or references for me to look @ ?? In my plist there is: question ~ Dictionary with the following strings: NumberOfOption ~ which define if the question is a multiple choice or a QR code question Question ~ question itself Answer ~ Answer itself Option 1 ~ 4 ~ if it is a multiple choice question Thanks in advance for answering my questions, i appreciated it cheers Desmond

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• Objective C - Custom Getter with inheritance

  - by anhdat

  Recently I have worked with Core Data. When I want to set a default value for some fields, I came up with this problem: So I made a simple represent: We have 2 class Parent and Child, in which Child inherit from Parent. // Parent.h @interface Parent : NSObject @property (strong, nonatomic) NSString *lastName; // Child.h @interface Child : Parent In Parent class, I made a custom getter to set a default value when nothing is set: // Parent.h - (NSString *)lastName { if (_lastName) { return _lastName; } else { return @"Parent Default Name"; } } But I cannot make a custom default value for the field "name" which Child inherits from its Parent. // Child.h @implementation Child - (NSString *)lastname { if (super.lastName) { return super.lastName; } else { return @"Child Default Name"; } } Apparently, this method is never called. So my question here is: How can I set a custom getter for the field the Child class inherits from Parent without define an overriding property?

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• Display local image in iPhone HTML mail

  - by Sjakelien

  Hello there, In my app, I am composing an HMTL email message with the 3.0+ MFMailComposeViewController. To do this, I created an HTML file, with some placeholders. In my code, I read the HTML file, and with replaceOccurrencesOfString, I replace the placeholders with data from the app. In that way, I compose the body of the email I want to send out. This is all working very nicely, except for the fact, that in my HTML file, I have an <img src='imageplaceholderpath' /> tag. Somehow, I cannot figure out, with what I should replace this imageplaceholderpath, in order to refer to an image that resides in my app. Is this a valid approach at all, and if so, what would be the syntax/logic behind the path I should put there? I do appreciate your insights! Regards Sjakelien

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• if then endif , other smart solution in place of if then ....

  - by yael

  I have the following VB script How to write this VB script with case syntax? In order to perform professional writing in place if then…. yael Set fso = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject") If (fso.FileExists("C:\file1 ")) Then Verification=ok Else WScript.Echo("file1") Wscript.Quit(100) End If If (fso.FileExists("C:\file2 ")) Then Verification=ok Else WScript.Echo("file2") Wscript.Quit(100) End If If (fso.FileExists("C:\file3 ")) Then Verification=ok Else WScript.Echo("file3") Wscript.Quit(100) End If . . . .

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• How Can I Implement This In Java?

  - by davit-datuashvili

  first of all i am doing programs in java language this code is merely taken from web site i have not question about divide and conqurer algorithms but about function and it's argument here is code of ternary search def ternarySearch(f, left, right, absolutePrecision): #left and right are the current bounds; the maximum is between them if (right - left) < absolutePrecision: return (left + right)/2 leftThird = (2*left + right)/3 rightThird = (left + 2*right)/3 if f(leftThird) < f(rightThird): return ternarySearch(f, leftThird, right, absolutePrecision) return ternarySearch(f, left, rightThird, absolutePrecision) i am not asking once again how implement it in java i am asking for example how define function?for example let y=x^+3 yes we can determine it as public static int y(int x){ return x*x+3; } but here return ternarySearch(f, leftThird, right, absolutePrecision) function f does not have argument and how do such?please help me

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• Method overloading in groovy

  - by slojo

  I am trying to take advantage of the convenience of groovy's scripting syntax to assign properties, but having trouble with a specific case. I must be missing something simple here. I define class A, B, C as so: class A { A() { println "Constructed class A!" } } class B { B() { println "Constructed class B!" } } class C { private member C() { println "Constructed class C!" } def setMember(A a) { println "Called setMember(A)!" member = a } def setMember(B b) { println "Called setMember(B)!" member = b } } And then try the following calls in a script: c = new C() c.setMember(new A()) // works c.member = new A() // works c.setMember(new B()) // works c.member = new B() // doesn't work! The last assignment results in an error: 'Cannot cast object of class B to class A". Why doesn't it call the proper setMember method for class B like it does for class A?

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