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  • How do I do this Database Model in Django?

    - by alex
    Django currently does not support the "Point" datatype in MySQL. That's why I created my own. class PointField(models.Field): def db_type(self): return 'Point' class Tag(models.Model): user = models.ForeignKey(User) utm = PointField() As you can see, this works, and syncdb creates the model fine. However, my current code calculates a length between two Points using raw SQL. cursor.execute("SELECT user_id FROM life_tag WHERE\ (GLength(LineStringFromWKB(LineString(asbinary(utm), asbinary(PointFromWKB(point(%s, %s)))))) < 55)... This says: Select where the length between the given point and the table point is less than 55. How can I do this with Django instead of RAW SQL? I don't want to do cursors and SELECT statements anymore. How can I modify the models.py in order to do this?

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  • Sqlalchemy+elixir: How query with a ManyToMany relationship?

    - by Hugo
    Hi, I'm using sqlalchemy with Elixir and have some troubles trying to make a query.. I have 2 entities, Customer and CustomerList, with a many to many relationship. customer_lists_customers_table = Table('customer_lists_customers', metadata, Column('id', Integer, primary_key=True), Column('customer_list_id', Integer, ForeignKey("customer_lists.id")), Column('customer_id', Integer, ForeignKey("customers.id"))) class Customer(Entity): [...] customer_lists = ManyToMany('CustomerList', table=customer_lists_customers_table) class CustomerList(Entity): [...] customers = ManyToMany('Customer', table=customer_lists_customers_table) I'm tryng to find CustomerList with some customer: customer = [...] CustomerList.query.filter_by(customers.contains(customer)).all() But I get the error: NameError: global name 'customers' is not defined customers seems to be unrelated to the entity fields, there's an special query form to work with relationships (or ManyToMany relationships)? Thanks

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  • How can I plot NaN values as a special color with imshow in matplotlib?

    - by Adam Fraser
    example: import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt f = plt.figure() ax = f.add_subplot(111) a = np.arange(25).reshape((5,5)).astype(float) a[3,:] = np.nan ax.imshow(a, interpolation='nearest') f.canvas.draw() The resultant image is unexpectedly all blue (the lowest color in the jet colormap). However, if I do the plotting like this: ax.imshow(a, interpolation='nearest', vmin=0, vmax=24) --then I get something better, but the NaN values are drawn the same color as vmin... Is there a graceful way that I can set NaNs to be drawn with a special color (eg: gray or transparent)?

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  • Is it approproate it use django signals withing the same app

    - by Alex Lebedev
    Trying to add email notification to my app in the cleanest way possible. When certain fields of a model change, app should send a notification to a user. Here's my old solution: from django.contrib.auth import User class MyModel(models.Model): user = models.ForeignKey(User) field_a = models.CharField() field_b = models.CharField() def save(self, *args, **kwargs): old = self.__class__.objects.get(pk=self.pk) if self.pk else None super(MyModel, self).save(*args, **kwargs) if old and old.field_b != self.field_b: self.notify("b-changed") # Sevelar more events here # ... def notify(self, event) subj, text = self._prepare_notification(event) send_mail(subj, body, settings.DEFAULT_FROM_EMAIL, [self.user.email], fail_silently=True) This worked fine while I had one or two notification types, but after that just felt wrong to have so much code in my save() method. So, I changed code to signal-based: from django.db.models import signals def remember_old(sender, instance, **kwargs): """pre_save hanlder to save clean copy of original record into `old` attribute """ instance.old = None if instance.pk: try: instance.old = sender.objects.get(pk=instance.pk) except ObjectDoesNotExist: pass def on_mymodel_save(sender, instance, created, **kwargs): old = instance.old if old and old.field_b != instance.field_b: self.notify("b-changed") # Sevelar more events here # ... signals.pre_save.connect(remember_old, sender=MyModel, dispatch_uid="mymodel-remember-old") signals.post_save.connect(on_mymodel_save, sender=MyModel, dispatch_uid="mymodel-on-save") The benefit is that I can separate event handlers into different module, reducing size of models.py and I can enable/disable them individually. The downside is that this solution is more code and signal handlers are separated from model itself and unknowing reader can miss them altogether. So, colleagues, do you think it's worth it?

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  • do I need to use partial?

    - by wiso
    I've a general function, for example (only a simplified example): def do_operation(operation, a, b, name): print name do_something_more(a,b,name, operation(a,b)) def operation_x(a,b): return a**2 + b def operation_y(a,b): return a**10 - b/2. and some data: data = {"first": {"name": "first summation", "a": 10, "b": 20, "operation": operation_x}, "second": {"name": "second summation", "a": 20, "b": 50, "operation": operation_y}, "third": {"name": "third summation", "a": 20, "b": 50, "operation": operation_x}, # <-- operation_x again } now I can do: what_to_do = ("first", "third") # this comes from command line for sum_id in what_to_do: do_operation(data["operation"], data["a"], data["b"], data["name"]) or maybe it's better if I use functools.partial? from functools import partial do_operation_one = do_operation(name=data["first"]["name"], operation=data["first"]["operation"], a=data["first"]["a"], b=data["first"]["b"]) do_operation_two = do_operation(name=data["second"]["name"], operation=data["second"]["operation"] a=data["second"]["a"], b=data["second"]["b"]) do_operation_three = do_operation(name=data["third"]["name"], operation=data["third"]["operation"] a=data["third"]["a"], b=data["third"]["b"]) do_dictionary = { "first": do_operation_one, "second": do_operation_two, "third": do_operation_three } for what in what_to_do: do_dictionary[what]()

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  • Favorite Django Tips & Features?

    - by Haes
    Inspired by the question series 'Hidden features of ...', I am curious to hear about your favorite Django tips or lesser known but useful features you know of. Please, include only one tip per answer. Add Django version requirements if there are any.

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  • Pushing data once a URL is requested

    - by Eli Grey
    Given, when a user requests /foo on my server, I send the following HTTP response (not closing the connection): Content-Type: multipart/x-mixed-replace; boundary=----------------------- ----------------------- Content-Type: text/html <a href="/bar">foo</a> When the user clicks on foo (which will send 204 No Content so the view doesn't change), I want to send the following data in the initial response. ----------------------- Content-Type: text/html bar How would could I get the second request to trigger this from the initial response? I'm planning on possibly creating a fancy [engines that support multipart/x-mixed-replace (currently only Gecko)]-only email webapp that does server-push and Ajax effects without any JavaScript, just for fun.

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  • Requires a valid Date or x-amz-date header?

    - by Jordan Messina
    I'm getting the following error when attempting to upload a file to S3: S3StorageError: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <Error><Code>AccessDenied</Code><Message>AWS authentication requires a valid Date or x-amz-date header</Message><RequestId>7910FF83F3FE17E2</RequestId><HostId>EjycXTgSwUkx19YNkpAoY2UDDur/0d5SMvGJUicpN6qCZFa2OuqcpibIR3NJ2WKB</HostId></Error> I'm using Django with Django-Storages and Imagekit My S3 settings in my settings.py looks as follows: locale.setlocale(locale.LC_TIME, 'en_US') DEFAULT_FILE_STORAGE = 'backends.s3.S3Storage' AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID = '************************' AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY = '*****************************' AWS_STORAGE_BUCKET_NAME = 'static.blabla.com' AWS_HEADERS = { 'x-amz-date': datetime.datetime.utcnow().strftime('%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S GMT'), 'Expires': 'Thu, 15 Apr 2200 20:00:00 GMT', } from S3 import CallingFormat AWS_CALLING_FORMAT = CallingFormat.SUBDOMAIN Thanks for any help you can give!

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  • How to "signal" interested child processes (without signals)?

    - by Teddy
    I'm trying to find a good and simple method to signal child processes (created through SocketServer with ForkingMixIn) from the parent process. While Unix signals could be used, I want to avoid them since only children who are interested should receive the signal, and it would be overkill and complicated to require some kind of registration mechanism to identify to the parent process who is interested. (Please don't suggest threads, as this particular program won't work with threads, and thus has to use forks.)

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  • Display additional data while iterating over a Django formset

    - by Jannis
    Hi, I have a list of soccer matches for which I'd like to display forms. The list comes from a remote source. matches = ["A vs. B", "C vs. D", "E vs, F"] matchFormset = formset_factory(MatchForm,extra=len(matches)) formset = MatchFormset() On the template side, I would like to display the formset with the according title (i.e. "A vs. B"). {% for form in formset.forms %} <fieldset> <legend>{{TITLE}}</legend> {{form.team1}} : {{form.team2}} </fieldset> {% endfor %} Now how do I get TITLE to contain the right title for the current form? Or asked in a different way: how do I iterate over matches with the same index as the iteration over formset.forms? Thanks for your input!

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  • Django stupid mark_safe?

    - by Mark
    I wrote this little function for writing out HTML tags: def html_tag(tag, content=None, close=True, attrs={}): lst = ['<',tag] for key, val in attrs.iteritems(): lst.append(' %s="%s"' % (key, escape_html(val))) if close: if content is None: lst.append(' />') else: lst.extend(['>', content, '</', tag, '>']) else: lst.append('>') return mark_safe(''.join(lst)) Which worked great, but then I read this article on efficient string concatenation (I know it doesn't really matter for this, but I wanted consistency) and decided to update my script: def html_tag(tag, body=None, close=True, attrs={}): s = StringIO() s.write('<%s'%tag) for key, val in attrs.iteritems(): s.write(' %s="%s"' % (key, escape_html(val))) if close: if body is None: s.write(' />') else: s.write('>%s</%s>' % (body, tag)) else: s.write('>') return mark_safe(s.getvalue()) But now my HTML get escaped when I try to render it from my template. Everything else is exactly the same. It works properly if I replace the last line with return mark_safe(unicode(s.getvalue())). I checked the return type of s.getvalue(). It should be a str, just like the first function, so why is this failing?? Also fails with SafeString(s.getvalue()) but succeeds with SafeUnicode(s.getvalue()). I'd also like to point out that I used return mark_safe(s.getvalue()) in a different function with no odd behavior.

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  • Rewriting Live TCP Streams

    - by user213060
    I want to rewrite TCP/IP streams. Ettercap's etterfilter command lets you perform simple live replacements of TCP/IP data based on fixed strings or regexes. Example: http://ettercap.sourceforge.net/forum/viewtopic.php?t=2833 I would like to rewrite streams based on my own filter program instead of just simple string replacements. Anyone have an idea of how to do this? Is there anything other than Ettercap that can do live replacement like this, maybe as a plugin to a VPN software or something? Thanks!

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  • Problem with eastern european characters when scraping data from the European Parliaments Website

    - by Thomas Jensen
    Dear Experts I am trying to scrape a lot of data from the European Parliament website for a research project. Ther first step is the create a list if all parliamentarians, however due to the many Eastern European names and the accents they use i get a lot of missing entries. Here is an example of what is giving me troubles (notice the accents at the end of the family name): ANDRIKIENE, Laima Liucija Group of the European People's Party (Christian Democrats) So far I have been using PyParser and the following code: parser_names name = Word(alphanums + alphas8bit) begin, end = map(Suppress, "<") names = begin + ZeroOrMore(name) + "," + ZeroOrMore(name) + end for name in names.searchString(page): print(name) However this does not catch the name from the html above. Any advice in how to proceed? Best, Thomas

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  • Assignment to None

    - by Joel
    Hello, I have a function which returns 3 numbers, e.g.: def numbers(): return 1,2,3 usually I call this function to receive all three returned numbers e.g.: a,b,c=numbers() However, I have one case in which I only need the first returned number. I tried using: a, None None = numbers() But I receive "SyntaxError: assignment to None". I know, of course, that i can use the first option I mentioned and then not use "b" and "c", but only "a". However, this seems like a "waste" of two vars and feels like wrong programming. Any ideas? Thanks, Joek

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  • I keep Getting KeyError: 'tried' Whenever I Tried to Run Django Dev Server from Remote Machine

    - by Spikie
    I am running django on python2.6.1, and did start the django web server like this manage.py runserver 192.0.0.1:8000 then tried to connect to the django dev web server on http://192.0.0.1:8000/ keep getting this message on the remote computer Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\Python26\Lib\site-packages\django\core\servers\basehttp.py", line 279, in run self.result = application(self.environ, self.start_response) File "C:\Python26\Lib\site-packages\django\core\servers\basehttp.py", line 651, in call return self.application(environ, start_response) File "C:\Python26\lib\site-packages\django\core\handlers\wsgi.py", line 241, in call response = self.get_response(request) File "C:\Python26\lib\site-packages\django\core\handlers\base.py", line 115, in get_response return debug.technical_404_response(request, e) File "C:\Python26\Lib\site-packages\django\views\debug.py", line 247, in technical_404_response tried = exception.args[0]['tried'] KeyError: 'tried' what i am doing wrong ? it seen to work ok if i run http://192.0.0.1:8000/ on the computer that runs the Django web server and have that ip 192.0.0.1:8000

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  • Find element with attribute with minidom

    - by Xster
    Given <field name="frame.time_delta_displayed" showname="Time delta from previous displayed frame: 0.000008000 seconds" size="0" pos="0" show="0.000008000"/> <field name="frame.time_relative" showname="Time since reference or first frame: 0.000008000 seconds" size="0" pos="0" show="0.000008000"/> <field name="frame.number" showname="Frame Number: 2" size="0" pos="0" show="2"/> <field name="frame.pkt_len" showname="Packet Length: 1506 bytes" hide="yes" size="0" pos="0" show="1506"/> <field name="frame.len" showname="Frame Length: 1506 bytes" size="0" pos="0" show="1506"/> <field name="frame.cap_len" showname="Capture Length: 1506 bytes" size="0" pos="0" show="1506"/> <field name="frame.marked" showname="Frame is marked: False" size="0" pos="0" show="0"/> <field name="frame.protocols" showname="Protocols in frame: eth:ip:tcp:http:data" size="0" pos="0" show="eth:ip:tcp:http:data"/> How do I get the field with name="frame.len" right away without iterating through every tag and checking the attributes?

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  • How should I rewrite my code to make it amenable to unittesting?

    - by justin
    I've been trying to get started with unit-testing while working on a little cli program. My program basically parses the command line arguments and options, and decides which function to call. Each of the functions performs some operation on a database. So, for instance, I might have a create function: def create(self, opts, args): #I've left out the error handling. strtime = datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%D %H:%M") vals = (strtime, opts.message, opts.keywords, False) self.execute("insert into mytable values (?, ?, ?, ?)", vals) self.commit() Should my test case call this function, then execute the select sql to check that the row was entered? That sounds reasonable, but also makes the tests more difficult to maintain. Would you rewrite the function to return something and check for the return value? Thanks

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  • Textually diffing JSON

    - by Richard Levasseur
    As part of my release processes, I have to compare some JSON configuration data used by my application. As a first attempt, I just pretty-printed the JSON and diff'ed them (using kdiff3 or just diff). As that data has grown, however, kdiff3 confuses different parts in the output, making additions look like giant modifies, odd deletions, etc. It makes it really hard to figure out what is different. I've tried other diff tools, too (meld, kompare, diff, a few others), but they all have the same problem. Despite my best efforts, I can't seem to format the JSON in a way that the diff tools can understand. Example data: [ { "name": "date", "type": "date", "nullable": true, "state": "enabled" }, { "name": "owner", "type": "string", "nullable": false, "state": "enabled", } ...lots more... ] The above probably wouldn't cause the problem (the problem occurs when there begin to be hundreds of lines), but thats the gist of what is being compared. Thats just a sample; the full objects are 4-5 attributes, and some attributes have 4-5 attributes in them. The attribute names are pretty uniform, but their values pretty varied. In general, it seems like all the diff tools confuse the closing "}" with the next objects closing "}". I can't seem to break them of this habit. I've tried adding whitespace, changing indentation, and adding some "BEGIN" and "END" strings before and after the respective objects, but the tool still get confused.

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  • Creating form using Generic_inlineformset_factory from the Model Form

    - by Prateek
    hello dear all, I wanted to create a edit form with the help of ModelForm. and my models contain a Generic relation b/w classes, so if any one could suggest me the view and a bit of template for the purpose I would be very thankful, as I am new to the language. My models look like:- class Employee(Person): nickname = models.CharField(_('nickname'), max_length=25, null=True, blank=True) blood_type = models.CharField(_('blood group'), max_length=3, null=True, blank=True, choices=BLOOD_TYPE_CHOICES) marital_status = models.CharField(_('marital status'), max_length=1, null=True, blank=True, choices=MARITAL_STATUS_CHOICES) nationality = CountryField(_('nationality'), default='IN', null=True, blank=True) about = models.TextField(_('about'), blank=True, null=True) dependent = models.ManyToManyField(Dependent, through='DependentRelationship') pan_card_number = models.CharField(_('PAN card number'), max_length=50, blank=True, null=True) policy_number = models.CharField(_('policy number'), max_length=50, null=True, blank=True) # code specific details user = models.OneToOneField(User, blank=True, null=True, verbose_name=_('user')) class Person(models.Model): """Person model""" title = models.CharField(_('title'), max_length=20, null=True, blank=True) first_name = models.CharField(_('first name'), max_length=100) middle_name = models.CharField(_('middle name'), max_length=100, null=True, blank=True) last_name = models.CharField(_('last name'), max_length=100, null=True, blank=True) suffix = models.CharField(_('suffix'), max_length=20, null=True, blank=True) slug = models.SlugField(_('slug'), max_length=50, unique=True) class PhoneNumber(models.Model) : phone_number = generic.GenericRelation('PhoneNumber') email_address = generic.GenericRelation('EmailAddress') address = generic.GenericRelation('Address') date_of_birth = models.DateField(_('date of birth'), null=True, blank=True) gender = models.CharField(_('gender'), max_length=1, null=True, blank=True, choices=GENDER_CHOICES) content_type = models.ForeignKey(ContentType, If anyone could suggest me a link or so. it would be a great help........

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  • Merging elements inside a xml.etree.ElementTree

    - by theAlse
    I have a huge test data like the one provided below (and yes I have no control over this data). Each line is actually 6 parts and I need to generate an XML based on this data. Nav;Basic;Dest;Smoke;No;Yes; Nav;Dest;Recent;Regg;No;Yes; Nav;Dest;Favourites;Regg;No;Yes; ... Nav;Dest using on board;By POI;Smoke;No;Yes; Nav;Dest using on board;Other;Regg;No;Yes; The first 3 elements on each line denotes "test suites"-XML element and the last 3 element should create a "test case"-XML element. I have successfully converted it into a XML using the following code: # testsuite (root) testsuite = ET.Element('testsuite') testsuite.set("name", "Tests") def _create_testcase_tag(elem): global testsuite level1, level2, level3, elem4, elem5, elem6 = elem # -- testsuite (level1) testsuite_level1 = ET.SubElement(testsuite, "testsuite") testsuite_level1.set("name", level1) # -- testsuite (level2) testsuite_level2 = ET.SubElement(testsuite_level1, "testsuite") testsuite_level2.set("name", level2) # -- testsuite (level3) testsuite_level2 = ET.SubElement(testsuite_level2, "testsuite") testsuite_level2.set("name", level3) # -- testcase testcase = ET.SubElement(testsuite_level2, "testcase") testcase.set("name", "TBD") summary = ET.SubElement(testcase, "summary") summary.text = "Test Type= %s, Automated= %s, Available=%s" %(elem4, elem5, elem6) with open(input_file) as in_file: for line_number, a_line in enumerate(in_file): try: parameters = a_line.split(';') if len(parameters) >= 6: level1 = parameters[0].strip() level2 = parameters[1].strip() level3 = parameters[2].strip() elem4 = parameters[3].strip() elem5 = parameters[4].strip() elem6 = parameters[5].strip() lines_as_list.append((level1, level2, level3, elem4, elem5, elem6)) except ValueError: pass lines_as_list.sort() for elem in lines_as_list: _create_testcase_tag(elem) output_xml = ET.ElementTree(testsuite) ET.ElementTree.write(output_xml, output_file, xml_declaration=True, encoding="UTF-8") The above code generates an XML like this: <testsuite name="Tests"> <testsuite name="Nav"> <testsuite name="Basic navigation"> <testsuite name="Set destination"> <testcase name="TBD"> <summary>Test Type= Smoke test Automated= No, Available=Yes</summary> </testcase> </testsuite> </testsuite> </testsuite> <testsuite name="Nav"> <testsuite name="Set destination"> <testsuite name="Recent"> <testcase name="TBD"> <summary> Test Type= Reggression test Automated= No, Available=Yes </summary> </testcase> </testsuite> </testsuite> </testsuite> </testsuite> ... This is all correct, but as you can see I have created a whole tree for each line and that is not what I need. I need to combine e.g. all testsuite with the same name into one testsuite and also perform that recursively. So the XML looks like this instead: <testsuite name="Tests"> <testsuite name="Nav"> <testsuite name="Basic navigation"> <testsuite name="Set destination"> <testcase name="TBD"> <summary>Test Type= Smoke test Automated= No, Available=Yes</summary> </testcase> </testsuite> <testsuite name="Recent"> <testcase name="TBD"> <summary> Test Type= Reggression test Automated= No, Available=Yes </summary> </testcase> </testsuite> </testsuite> </testsuite> </testsuite> I hope you can understand what I mean, but level1, level2 and level3 should be unique with testcases inside. How should I do this? Please do not suggest the use of any external libraries! I can not install new libraries in customer site. xml.etree.ElementTree is all I have. Thanks

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