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  • WCF Bidirectional serialization fails

    - by Gena Verdel
    I'm trying to take advantage of Bidirectional serialization of some relational Linq-2-Sql generated entity classes. When using Unidirectional option everything works just fine, bu the moment I add IsReferenceType=true, objects fail to get transported over the tcp binding. Sample code: Entity class: [Table(Name="dbo.Blocks")] [DataContract()] public partial class Block : INotifyPropertyChanging, INotifyPropertyChanged { private static PropertyChangingEventArgs emptyChangingEventArgs = new PropertyChangingEventArgs(String.Empty); private long _ID; private int _StatusID; private string _Name; private bool _IsWithControlPoints; private long _DivisionID; private string _SHAPE; private EntitySet<BlockByWorkstation> _BlockByWorkstations; private EntitySet<PlanningPointAppropriation> _PlanningPointAppropriations; private EntitySet<Neighbor> _Neighbors; private EntitySet<Neighbor> _Neighbors1; private EntitySet<Task> _Tasks; private EntitySet<PlanningPointByBlock> _PlanningPointByBlocks; private EntitySet<ControlPointByBlock> _ControlPointByBlocks; private EntityRef<Division> _Division; private bool serializing; #region Extensibility Method Definitions partial void OnLoaded(); partial void OnValidate(System.Data.Linq.ChangeAction action); partial void OnCreated(); partial void OnIDChanging(long value); partial void OnIDChanged(); partial void OnStatusIDChanging(int value); partial void OnStatusIDChanged(); partial void OnNameChanging(string value); partial void OnNameChanged(); partial void OnIsWithControlPointsChanging(bool value); partial void OnIsWithControlPointsChanged(); partial void OnDivisionIDChanging(long value); partial void OnDivisionIDChanged(); partial void OnSHAPEChanging(string value); partial void OnSHAPEChanged(); #endregion public Block() { this.Initialize(); } [Column(Storage="_ID", AutoSync=AutoSync.OnInsert, DbType="BigInt NOT NULL IDENTITY", IsPrimaryKey=true, IsDbGenerated=true)] [DataMember(Order=1)] public override long ID { get { return this._ID; } set { if ((this._ID != value)) { this.OnIDChanging(value); this.SendPropertyChanging(); this._ID = value; this.SendPropertyChanged("ID"); this.OnIDChanged(); } } } [Column(Storage="_StatusID", DbType="Int NOT NULL")] [DataMember(Order=2)] public int StatusID { get { return this._StatusID; } set { if ((this._StatusID != value)) { this.OnStatusIDChanging(value); this.SendPropertyChanging(); this._StatusID = value; this.SendPropertyChanged("StatusID"); this.OnStatusIDChanged(); } } } [Column(Storage="_Name", DbType="NVarChar(255)")] [DataMember(Order=3)] public string Name { get { return this._Name; } set { if ((this._Name != value)) { this.OnNameChanging(value); this.SendPropertyChanging(); this._Name = value; this.SendPropertyChanged("Name"); this.OnNameChanged(); } } } [Column(Storage="_IsWithControlPoints", DbType="Bit NOT NULL")] [DataMember(Order=4)] public bool IsWithControlPoints { get { return this._IsWithControlPoints; } set { if ((this._IsWithControlPoints != value)) { this.OnIsWithControlPointsChanging(value); this.SendPropertyChanging(); this._IsWithControlPoints = value; this.SendPropertyChanged("IsWithControlPoints"); this.OnIsWithControlPointsChanged(); } } } [Column(Storage="_DivisionID", DbType="BigInt NOT NULL")] [DataMember(Order=5)] public long DivisionID { get { return this._DivisionID; } set { if ((this._DivisionID != value)) { if (this._Division.HasLoadedOrAssignedValue) { throw new System.Data.Linq.ForeignKeyReferenceAlreadyHasValueException(); } this.OnDivisionIDChanging(value); this.SendPropertyChanging(); this._DivisionID = value; this.SendPropertyChanged("DivisionID"); this.OnDivisionIDChanged(); } } } [Column(Storage="_SHAPE", DbType="Text", UpdateCheck=UpdateCheck.Never)] [DataMember(Order=6)] public string SHAPE { get { return this._SHAPE; } set { if ((this._SHAPE != value)) { this.OnSHAPEChanging(value); this.SendPropertyChanging(); this._SHAPE = value; this.SendPropertyChanged("SHAPE"); this.OnSHAPEChanged(); } } } [Association(Name="Block_BlockByWorkstation", Storage="_BlockByWorkstations", ThisKey="ID", OtherKey="BlockID")] [DataMember(Order=7, EmitDefaultValue=false)] public EntitySet<BlockByWorkstation> BlockByWorkstations { get { if ((this.serializing && (this._BlockByWorkstations.HasLoadedOrAssignedValues == false))) { return null; } return this._BlockByWorkstations; } set { this._BlockByWorkstations.Assign(value); } } [Association(Name="Block_PlanningPointAppropriation", Storage="_PlanningPointAppropriations", ThisKey="ID", OtherKey="MasterBlockID")] [DataMember(Order=8, EmitDefaultValue=false)] public EntitySet<PlanningPointAppropriation> PlanningPointAppropriations { get { if ((this.serializing && (this._PlanningPointAppropriations.HasLoadedOrAssignedValues == false))) { return null; } return this._PlanningPointAppropriations; } set { this._PlanningPointAppropriations.Assign(value); } } [Association(Name="Block_Neighbor", Storage="_Neighbors", ThisKey="ID", OtherKey="FirstBlockID")] [DataMember(Order=9, EmitDefaultValue=false)] public EntitySet<Neighbor> Neighbors { get { if ((this.serializing && (this._Neighbors.HasLoadedOrAssignedValues == false))) { return null; } return this._Neighbors; } set { this._Neighbors.Assign(value); } } [Association(Name="Block_Neighbor1", Storage="_Neighbors1", ThisKey="ID", OtherKey="SecondBlockID")] [DataMember(Order=10, EmitDefaultValue=false)] public EntitySet<Neighbor> Neighbors1 { get { if ((this.serializing && (this._Neighbors1.HasLoadedOrAssignedValues == false))) { return null; } return this._Neighbors1; } set { this._Neighbors1.Assign(value); } } [Association(Name="Block_Task", Storage="_Tasks", ThisKey="ID", OtherKey="BlockID")] [DataMember(Order=11, EmitDefaultValue=false)] public EntitySet<Task> Tasks { get { if ((this.serializing && (this._Tasks.HasLoadedOrAssignedValues == false))) { return null; } return this._Tasks; } set { this._Tasks.Assign(value); } } [Association(Name="Block_PlanningPointByBlock", Storage="_PlanningPointByBlocks", ThisKey="ID", OtherKey="BlockID")] [DataMember(Order=12, EmitDefaultValue=false)] public EntitySet<PlanningPointByBlock> PlanningPointByBlocks { get { if ((this.serializing && (this._PlanningPointByBlocks.HasLoadedOrAssignedValues == false))) { return null; } return this._PlanningPointByBlocks; } set { this._PlanningPointByBlocks.Assign(value); } } [Association(Name="Block_ControlPointByBlock", Storage="_ControlPointByBlocks", ThisKey="ID", OtherKey="BlockID")] [DataMember(Order=13, EmitDefaultValue=false)] public EntitySet<ControlPointByBlock> ControlPointByBlocks { get { if ((this.serializing && (this._ControlPointByBlocks.HasLoadedOrAssignedValues == false))) { return null; } return this._ControlPointByBlocks; } set { this._ControlPointByBlocks.Assign(value); } } [Association(Name="Division_Block", Storage="_Division", ThisKey="DivisionID", OtherKey="ID", IsForeignKey=true, DeleteOnNull=true, DeleteRule="CASCADE")] public Division Division { get { return this._Division.Entity; } set { Division previousValue = this._Division.Entity; if (((previousValue != value) || (this._Division.HasLoadedOrAssignedValue == false))) { this.SendPropertyChanging(); if ((previousValue != null)) { this._Division.Entity = null; previousValue.Blocks.Remove(this); } this._Division.Entity = value; if ((value != null)) { value.Blocks.Add(this); this._DivisionID = value.ID; } else { this._DivisionID = default(long); } this.SendPropertyChanged("Division"); } } } public event PropertyChangingEventHandler PropertyChanging; public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged; protected virtual void SendPropertyChanging() { if ((this.PropertyChanging != null)) { this.PropertyChanging(this, emptyChangingEventArgs); } } protected virtual void SendPropertyChanged(String propertyName) { if ((this.PropertyChanged != null)) { this.PropertyChanged(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName)); } } private void attach_BlockByWorkstations(BlockByWorkstation entity) { this.SendPropertyChanging(); entity.Block = this; } private void detach_BlockByWorkstations(BlockByWorkstation entity) { this.SendPropertyChanging(); entity.Block = null; } private void attach_PlanningPointAppropriations(PlanningPointAppropriation entity) { this.SendPropertyChanging(); entity.Block = this; } private void detach_PlanningPointAppropriations(PlanningPointAppropriation entity) { this.SendPropertyChanging(); entity.Block = null; } private void attach_Neighbors(Neighbor entity) { this.SendPropertyChanging(); entity.FirstBlock = this; } private void detach_Neighbors(Neighbor entity) { this.SendPropertyChanging(); entity.FirstBlock = null; } private void attach_Neighbors1(Neighbor entity) { this.SendPropertyChanging(); entity.SecondBlock = this; } private void detach_Neighbors1(Neighbor entity) { this.SendPropertyChanging(); entity.SecondBlock = null; } private void attach_Tasks(Task entity) { this.SendPropertyChanging(); entity.Block = this; } private void detach_Tasks(Task entity) { this.SendPropertyChanging(); entity.Block = null; } private void attach_PlanningPointByBlocks(PlanningPointByBlock entity) { this.SendPropertyChanging(); entity.Block = this; } private void detach_PlanningPointByBlocks(PlanningPointByBlock entity) { this.SendPropertyChanging(); entity.Block = null; } private void attach_ControlPointByBlocks(ControlPointByBlock entity) { this.SendPropertyChanging(); entity.Block = this; } private void detach_ControlPointByBlocks(ControlPointByBlock entity) { this.SendPropertyChanging(); entity.Block = null; } private void Initialize() { this._BlockByWorkstations = new EntitySet<BlockByWorkstation>(new Action<BlockByWorkstation>(this.attach_BlockByWorkstations), new Action<BlockByWorkstation>(this.detach_BlockByWorkstations)); this._PlanningPointAppropriations = new EntitySet<PlanningPointAppropriation>(new Action<PlanningPointAppropriation>(this.attach_PlanningPointAppropriations), new Action<PlanningPointAppropriation>(this.detach_PlanningPointAppropriations)); this._Neighbors = new EntitySet<Neighbor>(new Action<Neighbor>(this.attach_Neighbors), new Action<Neighbor>(this.detach_Neighbors)); this._Neighbors1 = new EntitySet<Neighbor>(new Action<Neighbor>(this.attach_Neighbors1), new Action<Neighbor>(this.detach_Neighbors1)); this._Tasks = new EntitySet<Task>(new Action<Task>(this.attach_Tasks), new Action<Task>(this.detach_Tasks)); this._PlanningPointByBlocks = new EntitySet<PlanningPointByBlock>(new Action<PlanningPointByBlock>(this.attach_PlanningPointByBlocks), new Action<PlanningPointByBlock>(this.detach_PlanningPointByBlocks)); this._ControlPointByBlocks = new EntitySet<ControlPointByBlock>(new Action<ControlPointByBlock>(this.attach_ControlPointByBlocks), new Action<ControlPointByBlock>(this.detach_ControlPointByBlocks)); this._Division = default(EntityRef<Division>); OnCreated(); } [OnDeserializing()] [System.ComponentModel.EditorBrowsableAttribute(EditorBrowsableState.Never)] public void OnDeserializing(StreamingContext context) { this.Initialize(); } [OnSerializing()] [System.ComponentModel.EditorBrowsableAttribute(EditorBrowsableState.Never)] public void OnSerializing(StreamingContext context) { this.serializing = true; } [OnSerialized()] [System.ComponentModel.EditorBrowsableAttribute(EditorBrowsableState.Never)] public void OnSerialized(StreamingContext context) { this.serializing = false; } } App.config: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> <configuration> <system.web> <compilation debug="true" /> </system.web> <!-- When deploying the service library project, the content of the config file must be added to the host's app.config file. System.Configuration does not support config files for libraries. --> <system.serviceModel> <services> <service behaviorConfiguration="debugging" name="DBServicesLibrary.DBService"> </service> </services> <behaviors> <serviceBehaviors> <behavior name="DBServicesLibrary.DBServiceBehavior"> <!-- To avoid disclosing metadata information, set the value below to false and remove the metadata endpoint above before deployment --> <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="True"/> <!-- To receive exception details in faults for debugging purposes, set the value below to true. Set to false before deployment to avoid disclosing exception information --> <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="False" /> </behavior> <behavior name="debugging"> <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="true"/> </behavior> </serviceBehaviors> </behaviors> </system.serviceModel> </configuration> Host part: ServiceHost svh = new ServiceHost(typeof(DBService)); svh.AddServiceEndpoint( typeof(DBServices.Contract.IDBService), new NetTcpBinding(), "net.tcp://localhost:8000"); Client part: ChannelFactory<DBServices.Contract.IDBService> scf; scf = new ChannelFactory<DBServices.Contract.IDBService>(new NetTcpBinding(),"net.tcp://localhost:8000"); _serv = scf.CreateChannel(); ((IContextChannel)_serv).OperationTimeout = new TimeSpan(0, 5, 0);

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  • Is there a way to use the facebook sdk with libgdx?

    - by Rudy_TM
    I have tried to use the facebook sdk in libgdx with callbacks, but it never enters the authetication listeners, so the user never is logged in, it permits the authorization for the facebook app but it never implements the authentication interfaces :( Is there a way to use it? public MyFbClass() { facebook = new Facebook(APPID); mAsyncRunner = new AsyncFacebookRunner(facebook); SessionStore.restore(facebook, this); FB.init(this, 0, facebook, this.permissions); } ///Method for init the permissions and my listener for authetication public void init(final Activity activity, final Facebook fb,final String[] permissions) { mActivity = activity; this.fb = fb; mPermissions = permissions; mHandler = new Handler(); async = new AsyncFacebookRunner(mFb); params = new Bundle(); SessionEvents.addAuthListener(auth); } ///I call the authetication process, I call it with a callback from libgdx public void facebookAction() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub fb.authenticate(); } ///It only allow the app permission, it doesnt register the events public void authenticate() { if (mFb.isSessionValid()) { SessionEvents.onLogoutBegin(); AsyncFacebookRunner asyncRunner = new AsyncFacebookRunner(mFb); asyncRunner.logout(getContext(), new LogoutRequestListener()); //SessionStore.save(this.mFb, getContext()); } else { mFb.authorize(mActivity, mPermissions,0 , new DialogListener()); } } public class SessionListener implements AuthListener, LogoutListener { @Override public void onAuthSucceed() { SessionStore.save(mFb, getContext()); } @Override public void onAuthFail(String error) { } @Override public void onLogoutBegin() { } @Override public void onLogoutFinish() { SessionStore.clear(getContext()); } } DialogListener() { @Override public void onComplete(Bundle values) { SessionEvents.onLoginSuccess(); } @Override public void onFacebookError(FacebookError error) { SessionEvents.onLoginError(error.getMessage()); } @Override public void onError(DialogError error) { SessionEvents.onLoginError(error.getMessage()); } @Override public void onCancel() { SessionEvents.onLoginError("Action Canceled"); } }

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  • Sending typedef struct containing void* by creating MPI drived datatype.

    - by hankol
    what I understand studying MPI specification is that an MPI send primitive refer to a memory location (or a send buffer) pointed by the data to be sent and take the data in that location which then passed as a message to the another Process. Though it is true that virtual address of a give process will be meaningless in another process memory address; It is ok to send data pointed by pointer such as void pointer as MPI will any way pass the data itself as a message For example the following works correctly: // Sender Side. int x = 100; void* snd; MPI_Send(snd,4,MPI_BYTE,1,0,MPI_COMM_WORLD); // Receiver Side. void* rcv; MPI_Recv(rcv, 4,MPI_BYTE,0,0,MPI_COMM_WORLD); but when I add void* snd in a struct and try to send the struct this will no succeed. I don't understand why the previous example work correctly but not the following. Here, I have defined a typedef struct and then create an MPI_DataType from it. With the same explanation of the above the following should also have succeed, unfortunately it is not working. here is the code: #include "mpi.h" #include<stdio.h> int main(int args, char *argv[]) { int rank, source =0, tag=1, dest=1; int bloackCount[2]; MPI_Init(&args, &argv); typedef struct { void* data; int tag; } data; data myData; MPI_Datatype structType, oldType[2]; MPI_Status stat; /* MPI_Aint type used to idetify byte displacement of each block (array)*/ MPI_Aint offsets[2], extent; MPI_Comm_rank(MPI_COMM_WORLD, &rank); offsets[0] = 0; oldType[0] = MPI_BYTE; bloackCount[0] = 1; MPI_Type_extent(MPI_INT, &extent); offsets[1] = 4 * extent; /*let say the MPI_BYTE will contain ineteger : size of int * extent */ oldType[1] = MPI_INT; bloackCount[1] = 1; MPI_Type_create_struct(2, bloackCount,offsets,oldType, &structType); MPI_Type_commit(&structType); if(rank == 0){ int x = 100; myData.data = &x; myData.tag = 99; MPI_Send(&myData,1,structType, dest, tag, MPI_COMM_WORLD); } if(rank == 1 ){ MPI_Recv(&myData, 1, structType, source, tag, MPI_COMM_WORLD, &stat); // with out this the following printf() will properly print the value 99 for // myData.tag int x = *(int *) myData.data; printf(" \n Process %d, Received : %d , %d \n\n", rank , myData.tag, x); } MPI_Type_free(&structType); MPI_Finalize(); } Error message running the code: [Looks like I am trying to access an invalid memory address space in the second process] [ubuntu:04123] *** Process received signal *** [ubuntu:04123] Signal: Segmentation fault (11) [ubuntu:04123] Signal code: Address not mapped (1) [ubuntu:04123] Failing at address: 0xbfe008bc [ubuntu:04123] [ 0] [0xb778240c] [ubuntu:04123] [ 1] GenericstructType(main+0x161) [0x8048935] [ubuntu:04123] [ 2] /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libc.so.6(__libc_start_main+0xf3) [0xb750f4d3] [ubuntu:04123] [ 3] GenericstructType() [0x8048741] [ubuntu:04123] *** End of error message *** Can some please explain to me why it is not working. any advice will also be appreciated thanks,

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  • Space invaders clone not moving properly

    - by ThePlan
    I'm trying to make a basic space invaders clone in allegro 5, I've got my game set up, basic events and such, here is the code: #include <allegro5/allegro.h> #include <allegro5/allegro_image.h> #include <allegro5/allegro_primitives.h> #include <allegro5/allegro_font.h> #include <allegro5/allegro_ttf.h> #include "Entity.h" // GLOBALS ========================================== const int width = 500; const int height = 500; const int imgsize = 3; bool key[5] = {false, false, false, false, false}; bool running = true; bool draw = true; // FUNCTIONS ======================================== void initSpaceship(Spaceship &ship); void moveSpaceshipRight(Spaceship &ship); void moveSpaceshipLeft(Spaceship &ship); void initInvader(Invader &invader); void moveInvaderRight(Invader &invader); void moveInvaderLeft(Invader &invader); void initBullet(Bullet &bullet); void fireBullet(); void doCollision(); void updateInvaders(); void drawText(); enum key_t { UP, DOWN, LEFT, RIGHT, SPACE }; enum source_t { INVADER, DEFENDER }; int main(void) { if(!al_init()) { return -1; } Spaceship ship; Invader invader; Bullet bullet; al_init_image_addon(); al_install_keyboard(); al_init_font_addon(); al_init_ttf_addon(); ALLEGRO_DISPLAY *display = al_create_display(width, height); ALLEGRO_EVENT_QUEUE *event_queue = al_create_event_queue(); ALLEGRO_TIMER *timer = al_create_timer(1.0 / 60); ALLEGRO_BITMAP *images[imgsize]; ALLEGRO_FONT *font1 = al_load_font("arial.ttf", 20, 0); al_register_event_source(event_queue, al_get_keyboard_event_source()); al_register_event_source(event_queue, al_get_display_event_source(display)); al_register_event_source(event_queue, al_get_timer_event_source(timer)); images[0] = al_load_bitmap("defender.bmp"); images[1] = al_load_bitmap("invader.bmp"); images[2] = al_load_bitmap("explosion.bmp"); al_convert_mask_to_alpha(images[0], al_map_rgb(0, 0, 0)); al_convert_mask_to_alpha(images[1], al_map_rgb(0, 0, 0)); al_convert_mask_to_alpha(images[2], al_map_rgb(0, 0, 0)); initSpaceship(ship); initBullet(bullet); initInvader(invader); al_start_timer(timer); while(running) { ALLEGRO_EVENT ev; al_wait_for_event(event_queue, &ev); if(ev.type == ALLEGRO_EVENT_TIMER) { draw = true; if(key[RIGHT] == true) moveSpaceshipRight(ship); if(key[LEFT] == true) moveSpaceshipLeft(ship); } else if(ev.type == ALLEGRO_EVENT_DISPLAY_CLOSE) running = false; else if(ev.type == ALLEGRO_EVENT_KEY_DOWN) { switch(ev.keyboard.keycode) { case ALLEGRO_KEY_ESCAPE: running = false; break; case ALLEGRO_KEY_LEFT: key[LEFT] = true; break; case ALLEGRO_KEY_RIGHT: key[RIGHT] = true; break; case ALLEGRO_KEY_SPACE: key[SPACE] = true; break; } } else if(ev.type == ALLEGRO_KEY_UP) { switch(ev.keyboard.keycode) { case ALLEGRO_KEY_LEFT: key[LEFT] = false; break; case ALLEGRO_KEY_RIGHT: key[RIGHT] = false; break; case ALLEGRO_KEY_SPACE: key[SPACE] = false; break; } } if(draw && al_is_event_queue_empty(event_queue)) { draw = false; al_draw_bitmap(images[0], ship.pos_x, ship.pos_y, 0); al_flip_display(); al_clear_to_color(al_map_rgb(0, 0, 0)); } } al_destroy_font(font1); al_destroy_event_queue(event_queue); al_destroy_timer(timer); for(int i = 0; i < imgsize; i++) al_destroy_bitmap(images[i]); al_destroy_display(display); } // FUNCTION LOGIC ====================================== void initSpaceship(Spaceship &ship) { ship.lives = 3; ship.speed = 2; ship.pos_x = width / 2; ship.pos_y = height - 20; } void initInvader(Invader &invader) { invader.health = 100; invader.count = 40; invader.speed = 0.5; invader.pos_x = 300; invader.pos_y = 300; } void initBullet(Bullet &bullet) { bullet.speed = 10; } void moveSpaceshipRight(Spaceship &ship) { ship.pos_x += ship.speed; if(ship.pos_x >= width) ship.pos_x = width-30; } void moveSpaceshipLeft(Spaceship &ship) { ship.pos_x -= ship.speed; if(ship.pos_x <= 0) ship.pos_x = 0+30; } However it's not behaving the way I want it to behave, in fact the behavior for the ship movement is un-normal. Basically I specified that the ship only moves when the right/left key is down, however the ship is moving constantly to the direction of the key pressed, it never stops although it should only move while my key is down. Even more weird behavior, when I press the opposite key the ship completely stops no matter what else I press. What's wrong with the code? Why does the ship move constantly even after I specified it only moves when a key is down?

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  • How to send a direccion to the void using the Hosts file and without using 127.0.0.1?

    - by magallanes
    I have some name address that i want to send straight to the void using the HOSTS file but i don't want to use the 127.0.0.1. How can i do that?. Why?, I want to speed up some proccess but 127.0.0.1 is serving a webserver, so if i use 127.0.0.1 then this process will call my webserver, consuming resources and may be delaying the process. Right now, i am using 0.0.0.0 instead of 127.0.0.1 but i am not sure if it is correct. 0.0.0.0 crl.microsoft.com

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  • Multiple constructors in C

    - by meepz
    Hello, I am making a string class in C as a homework and I was wondering how I can make multiple constructors with the same name given the parameter. The commented out area is what I tried to do with results from a few searches but that gives me errors. Pretty much I have some cases where I want to create my new string without any parameter then in other cases create a string with a pointer to character. Here is mystring.h #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> typedef struct mystring { char * c; int length; int (*sLength)(void * s); char (*charAt)(void * s, int i); int (*compareTo)(void * s1, void * s2); struct mystring * (*concat)(void * s1, void * s2); struct mystring * (*subString)(void * s, int begin, int end); void (*printS)(void * s); } string_t; typedef string_t * String; String newString(char * c); String newString2(); int slength(void * s); char charat(void * S, int i); int compareto(void * s1, void * s2); String concat(void * s1, void * s2); String substring(void * S, int begin, int end); void printstring(void * s); And here is mystring.c #include "mystring.h" String newString(){ } String newString(char * input){ //String newString::newString(char * input) { String s; s = (string_t *) malloc(sizeof(string_t)); s->c = (char *) malloc(sizeof(char) * 20); int i = 0; if (input == NULL){ s->c[0] = '\0'; return s; } while (input[i] != '\0') { s->c[i] = input[i]; i++; } //functions s->sLength = slength; s->charAt = charat; s->compareTo = compareto; s->concat = concat; s->subString = substring; s->printS = printstring; return s; }

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  • Linked List Design

    - by Jim Scott
    The other day in a local .NET group I attend the following question came up: "Is it a valid interview question to ask about Linked Lists when hiring someone for a .NET development position?" Not having a computer sciense degree and being a self taught developer my response was that I did not feel it was appropriate as I in 5 years of developer with .NET had never been exposed to linked lists and did not hear any compeling reason for a use for one. However the person commented that it is a very common interview question so I decided when I left that I would do some reasearch on linked lists and see what I might be missing. I have read a number of posts on stack overflow and various google searches and decided the best way to learn about them was to write my own .NET classes to see how they worked from the inside out. Here is my class structure Single Linked List Constructor public SingleLinkedList(object value) Public Properties public bool IsTail public bool IsHead public object Value public int Index public int Count private fields not exposed to a property private SingleNode firstNode; private SingleNode lastNode; private SingleNode currentNode; Methods public void MoveToFirst() public void MoveToLast() public void Next() public void MoveTo(int index) public void Add(object value) public void InsertAt(int index, object value) public void Remove(object value) public void RemoveAt(int index) Questions I have: What are typical methods you would expect in a linked list? What is typical behaviour when adding new records? For example if I have 4 nodes and I am currently positioned in the second node and perform Add() should it be added after or before the current node? Or should it be added to the end of the list? Some of the designs I have seen explaining things seem to expose outside of the LinkedList class the Node object. In my design you simply add, get, remove values and know nothing about any node object. Should the Head and Tail be placeholder objects that are only used to define the head/tail of the list? I require my Linked List be instantiated with a value which creates the first node of the list which is essentially the head and tail of the list. Would you change that ? What should the rules be when it comes to removing nodes. Should someone be able to remove all nodes? Here is my Double Linked List Constructor public DoubleLinkedList(object value) Properties public bool IsHead public bool IsTail public object Value public int Index public int Count Private fields not exposed via property private DoubleNode currentNode; Methods public void AddFirst(object value) public void AddLast(object value) public void AddBefore(object existingValue, object value) public void AddAfter(object existingValue, object value) public void Add(int index, object value) public void Add(object value) public void Remove(int index) public void Next() public void Previous() public void MoveTo(int index)

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  • SFINAE and detecting if a C++ function object returns void.

    - by Tom Swirly
    I've read the various authorities on this, include Dewhurst and yet haven't managed to get anywhere with this seemingly simple question. What I want to do is to call a C++ function object, (basically, anything you can call, a pure function or a class with ()), and return its value, if that is not void, or "true" otherwise. #include <stdio.h> struct Foo { void operator()() {} }; struct Bar { bool operator()() { return false; } }; Foo foo; Bar bar; bool baz() { return false; } void bang() {} const char* print(bool b) { printf(b ? "true, " : "false, "); } template <typename Functor> bool magicCallFunction(Functor f) { return true; // lots of template magic occurs here... } int main(int argc, char** argv) { print(magicCallFunction(foo)); print(magicCallFunction(bar)); print(magicCallFunction(baz)); print(magicCallFunction(bang)); printf("\n"); }

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  • How do I code a tree of objects in Haskell with pointers to parent and children?

    - by axilmar
    I've got the following problem: I have a tree of objects of different classes where an action in the child class invalidates the parent. In imperative languages, it is trivial to do. For example, in Java: public class A { private List<B> m_children = new LinkedList<B>(); private boolean m_valid = true; public void invalidate() { m_valid = false; } public void addChild(B child) { m_children.add(child); child.m_parent = this; } } public class B { public A m_parent = null; private int m_data = 0; public void setData(int data) { m_data = 0; m_parent.invalidate(); } } public class Main { public static void main(String[] args) { A a = new A(); B b = new B(); b.setData(0); //invalidates A } } How do I do the above in Haskell? I cannot wrap my mind around this, since once I construct an object in Haskell, it cannot be changed. I would be much obliged if the relevant Haskell code is posted.

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  • How to maintain encapsulation with composition in C++?

    - by iFreilicht
    I am designing a class Master that is composed from multiple other classes, A, Base, C and D. These four classes have absolutely no use outside of Master and are meant to split up its functionality into manageable and logically divided packages. They also provide extensible functionality as in the case of Base, which can be inherited from by clients. But, how do I maintain encapsulation of Master with this design? So far, I've got two approaches, which are both far from perfect: 1. Replicate all accessors: Just write accessor-methods for all accessor-methods of all classes that Master is composed of. This leads to perfect encapsulation, because no implementation detail of Master is visible, but is extremely tedious and makes the class definition monstrous, which is exactly what the composition should prevent. Also, adding functionality to one of the composees (is that even a word?) would require to re-write all those methods in Master. An additional problem is that inheritors of Base could only alter, but not add functionality. 2. Use non-assignable, non-copyable member-accessors: Having a class accessor<T> that can not be copied, moved or assigned to, but overrides the operator-> to access an underlying shared_ptr, so that calls like Master->A()->niceFunction(); are made possible. My problem with this is that it kind of breaks encapsulation as I would now be unable to change my implementation of Master to use a different class for the functionality of niceFunction(). Still, it is the closest I've gotten without using the ugly first approach. It also fixes the inheritance issue quite nicely. A small side question would be if such a class already existed in std or boost. EDIT: Wall of code I will now post the code of the header files of the classes discussed. It may be a bit hard to understand, but I'll give my best in explaining all of it. 1. GameTree.h The foundation of it all. This basically is a doubly-linked tree, holding GameObject-instances, which we'll later get to. It also has it's own custom iterator GTIterator, but I left that out for brevity. WResult is an enum with the values SUCCESS and FAILED, but it's not really important. class GameTree { public: //Static methods for the root. Only one root is allowed to exist at a time! static void ConstructRoot(seed_type seed, unsigned int depth); inline static bool rootExists(){ return static_cast<bool>(rootObject_); } inline static weak_ptr<GameTree> root(){ return rootObject_; } //delta is in ms, this is used for velocity, collision and such void tick(unsigned int delta); //Interaction with the tree inline weak_ptr<GameTree> parent() const { return parent_; } inline unsigned int numChildren() const{ return static_cast<unsigned int>(children_.size()); } weak_ptr<GameTree> getChild(unsigned int index) const; template<typename GOType> weak_ptr<GameTree> addChild(seed_type seed, unsigned int depth = 9001){ GOType object{ new GOType(seed) }; return addChildObject(unique_ptr<GameTree>(new GameTree(std::move(object), depth))); } WResult moveTo(weak_ptr<GameTree> newParent); WResult erase(); //Iterators for for( : ) loop GTIterator& begin(){ return *(beginIter_ = std::move(make_unique<GTIterator>(children_.begin()))); } GTIterator& end(){ return *(endIter_ = std::move(make_unique<GTIterator>(children_.end()))); } //unloading should be used when objects are far away WResult unloadChildren(unsigned int newDepth = 0); WResult loadChildren(unsigned int newDepth = 1); inline const RenderObject& renderObject() const{ return gameObject_->renderObject(); } //Getter for the underlying GameObject (I have not tested the template version) weak_ptr<GameObject> gameObject(){ return gameObject_; } template<typename GOType> weak_ptr<GOType> gameObject(){ return dynamic_cast<weak_ptr<GOType>>(gameObject_); } weak_ptr<PhysicsObject> physicsObject() { return gameObject_->physicsObject(); } private: GameTree(const GameTree&); //copying is only allowed internally GameTree(shared_ptr<GameObject> object, unsigned int depth = 9001); //pointer to root static shared_ptr<GameTree> rootObject_; //internal management of a child weak_ptr<GameTree> addChildObject(shared_ptr<GameTree>); WResult removeChild(unsigned int index); //private members shared_ptr<GameObject> gameObject_; shared_ptr<GTIterator> beginIter_; shared_ptr<GTIterator> endIter_; //tree stuff vector<shared_ptr<GameTree>> children_; weak_ptr<GameTree> parent_; unsigned int selfIndex_; //used for deletion, this isn't necessary void initChildren(unsigned int depth); //constructs children }; 2. GameObject.h This is a bit hard to grasp, but GameObject basically works like this: When constructing a GameObject, you construct its basic attributes and a CResult-instance, which contains a vector<unique_ptr<Construction>>. The Construction-struct contains all information that is needed to construct a GameObject, which is a seed and a function-object that is applied at construction by a factory. This enables dynamic loading and unloading of GameObjects as done by GameTree. It also means that you have to define that factory if you inherit GameObject. This inheritance is also the reason why GameTree has a template-function gameObject<GOType>. GameObject can contain a RenderObject and a PhysicsObject, which we'll later get to. Anyway, here's the code. class GameObject; typedef unsigned long seed_type; //this declaration magic means that all GameObjectFactorys inherit from GameObjectFactory<GameObject> template<typename GOType> struct GameObjectFactory; template<> struct GameObjectFactory<GameObject>{ virtual unique_ptr<GameObject> construct(seed_type seed) const = 0; }; template<typename GOType> struct GameObjectFactory : GameObjectFactory<GameObject>{ GameObjectFactory() : GameObjectFactory<GameObject>(){} unique_ptr<GameObject> construct(seed_type seed) const{ return unique_ptr<GOType>(new GOType(seed)); } }; //same as with the factories. this is important for storing them in vectors template<typename GOType> struct Construction; template<> struct Construction<GameObject>{ virtual unique_ptr<GameObject> construct() const = 0; }; template<typename GOType> struct Construction : Construction<GameObject>{ Construction(seed_type seed, function<void(GOType*)> func = [](GOType* null){}) : Construction<GameObject>(), seed_(seed), func_(func) {} unique_ptr<GameObject> construct() const{ unique_ptr<GameObject> gameObject{ GOType::factory.construct(seed_) }; func_(dynamic_cast<GOType*>(gameObject.get())); return std::move(gameObject); } seed_type seed_; function<void(GOType*)> func_; }; typedef struct CResult { CResult() : constructions{} {} CResult(CResult && o) : constructions(std::move(o.constructions)) {} CResult& operator= (CResult& other){ if (this != &other){ for (unique_ptr<Construction<GameObject>>& child : other.constructions){ constructions.push_back(std::move(child)); } } return *this; } template<typename GOType> void push_back(seed_type seed, function<void(GOType*)> func = [](GOType* null){}){ constructions.push_back(make_unique<Construction<GOType>>(seed, func)); } vector<unique_ptr<Construction<GameObject>>> constructions; } CResult; //finally, the GameObject class GameObject { public: GameObject(seed_type seed); GameObject(const GameObject&); virtual void tick(unsigned int delta); inline Matrix4f trafoMatrix(){ return physicsObject_->transformationMatrix(); } //getter inline seed_type seed() const{ return seed_; } inline CResult& properties(){ return properties_; } inline const RenderObject& renderObject() const{ return *renderObject_; } inline weak_ptr<PhysicsObject> physicsObject() { return physicsObject_; } protected: virtual CResult construct_(seed_type seed) = 0; CResult properties_; shared_ptr<RenderObject> renderObject_; shared_ptr<PhysicsObject> physicsObject_; seed_type seed_; }; 3. PhysicsObject That's a bit easier. It is responsible for position, velocity and acceleration. It will also handle collisions in the future. It contains three Transformation objects, two of which are optional. I'm not going to include the accessors on the PhysicsObject class because I tried my first approach on it and it's just pure madness (way over 30 functions). Also missing: the named constructors that construct PhysicsObjects with different behaviour. class Transformation{ Vector3f translation_; Vector3f rotation_; Vector3f scaling_; public: Transformation() : translation_{ 0, 0, 0 }, rotation_{ 0, 0, 0 }, scaling_{ 1, 1, 1 } {}; Transformation(Vector3f translation, Vector3f rotation, Vector3f scaling); inline Vector3f translation(){ return translation_; } inline void translation(float x, float y, float z){ translation(Vector3f(x, y, z)); } inline void translation(Vector3f newTranslation){ translation_ = newTranslation; } inline void translate(float x, float y, float z){ translate(Vector3f(x, y, z)); } inline void translate(Vector3f summand){ translation_ += summand; } inline Vector3f rotation(){ return rotation_; } inline void rotation(float pitch, float yaw, float roll){ rotation(Vector3f(pitch, yaw, roll)); } inline void rotation(Vector3f newRotation){ rotation_ = newRotation; } inline void rotate(float pitch, float yaw, float roll){ rotate(Vector3f(pitch, yaw, roll)); } inline void rotate(Vector3f summand){ rotation_ += summand; } inline Vector3f scaling(){ return scaling_; } inline void scaling(float x, float y, float z){ scaling(Vector3f(x, y, z)); } inline void scaling(Vector3f newScaling){ scaling_ = newScaling; } inline void scale(float x, float y, float z){ scale(Vector3f(x, y, z)); } void scale(Vector3f factor){ scaling_(0) *= factor(0); scaling_(1) *= factor(1); scaling_(2) *= factor(2); } Matrix4f matrix(){ return WMatrix::Translation(translation_) * WMatrix::Rotation(rotation_) * WMatrix::Scale(scaling_); } }; class PhysicsObject; typedef void tickFunction(PhysicsObject& self, unsigned int delta); class PhysicsObject{ PhysicsObject(const Transformation& trafo) : transformation_(trafo), transformationVelocity_(nullptr), transformationAcceleration_(nullptr), tick_(nullptr) {} PhysicsObject(PhysicsObject&& other) : transformation_(other.transformation_), transformationVelocity_(std::move(other.transformationVelocity_)), transformationAcceleration_(std::move(other.transformationAcceleration_)), tick_(other.tick_) {} Transformation transformation_; unique_ptr<Transformation> transformationVelocity_; unique_ptr<Transformation> transformationAcceleration_; tickFunction* tick_; public: void tick(unsigned int delta){ tick_ ? tick_(*this, delta) : 0; } inline Matrix4f transformationMatrix(){ return transformation_.matrix(); } } 4. RenderObject RenderObject is a base class for different types of things that could be rendered, i.e. Meshes, Light Sources or Sprites. DISCLAIMER: I did not write this code, I'm working on this project with someone else. class RenderObject { public: RenderObject(float renderDistance); virtual ~RenderObject(); float renderDistance() const { return renderDistance_; } void setRenderDistance(float rD) { renderDistance_ = rD; } protected: float renderDistance_; }; struct NullRenderObject : public RenderObject{ NullRenderObject() : RenderObject(0.f){}; }; class Light : public RenderObject{ public: Light() : RenderObject(30.f){}; }; class Mesh : public RenderObject{ public: Mesh(unsigned int seed) : RenderObject(20.f) { meshID_ = 0; textureID_ = 0; if (seed == 1) meshID_ = Model::getMeshID("EM-208_heavy"); else meshID_ = Model::getMeshID("cube"); }; unsigned int getMeshID() const { return meshID_; } unsigned int getTextureID() const { return textureID_; } private: unsigned int meshID_; unsigned int textureID_; }; I guess this shows my issue quite nicely: You see a few accessors in GameObject which return weak_ptrs to access members of members, but that is not really what I want. Also please keep in mind that this is NOT, by any means, finished or production code! It is merely a prototype and there may be inconsistencies, unnecessary public parts of classes and such.

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  • How to make Spring accept fluent (non-void) setters?

    - by Chris
    Hi, I have an API which I am turning into an internal DSL. As such, most methods in my PoJos return a reference to this so that I can chain methods together declaratively as such (syntactic sugar). myComponent .setID("MyId") .setProperty("One") .setProperty2("Two") .setAssociation(anotherComponent) .execute(); My API does not depend on Spring but I wish to make it 'Spring-Friendly' by being PoJo friendly with zero argument constructors, getters and setters. The problem is that Spring seems to not detect my setter methods when I have a non-void return type. The return type of this is very convenient when chaining together my commands so I don't want to destroy my programmatic API just be to compatible with Spring injection. Is there a setting in Spring to allow me to use non-void setters? Chris

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  • Can Response.Redirect work in a private void MVC 2 Function?

    - by user54197
    I have a private void function set for some validation. Should my validation fail, I would like to redirect to another ActionResult and kill the process for the ActionResult that was being used. Response.Redirect("controllerName") does not help. Any ideas? [Accept(HttpVerbs.Post)] public ActionResult NerdDinner(string Name) { testName(Name); ... Return RedirectToAction("ActionResultAAA"); } private void testName(string name) { if(name == null) { //Response.Redirect("ActionResultBBB"); } }

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  • Calling a void async. - Event based pattern, or another method?

    - by alex
    I have a class that basically stores files in amazon s3. Here is what it looks like (simplified) public class S3FileStore { public void PutFile(string ID, Stream content) { //do stuff } } In my client app, I want to be able to call: var s3 = new() S3FileStore(); s3.PutFile ("myId", File.OpenRead(@"C:\myFile1")); s3.PutFile ("myId", File.OpenRead(@"C:\myFile2")); s3.PutFile ("myId", File.OpenRead(@"C:\myFile3")); I want this to be an asynchronous operation - I want the S3FileStore to handle this (i don't want my caller to have to execute PutFile asynchronously so to speak) but, i want to be able to trap exceptions / tell if the operation completed for each file. I've looked at event based async calls, especially this: http://blogs.windowsclient.net/rendle/archive/2008/11/04/functional-shortcuts-2-event-based-asynchronous-pattern.aspx However, I can't see how to call my PutFile (void) method? Are there any better examples?

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  • Simple Physics Simulation in java not working.

    - by Static Void Main
    Dear experts, I wanted to implement ball physics and as i m newbie, i adapt the code in tutorial http://adam21.web.officelive.com/Documents/JavaPhysicsTutorial.pdf . i try to follow that as i much as i can, but i m not able to apply all physical phenomenon in code, can somebody please tell me, where i m mistaken or i m still doing some silly programming mistake. The balls are moving when i m not calling bounce method and i m unable to avail the bounce method and ball are moving towards left side instead of falling/ending on floor**, Can some body recommend me some better way or similar easy compact way to accomplish this task of applying physics on two ball or more balls with interactivity. here is code ; import java.awt.*; public class AdobeBall { protected int radius = 20; protected Color color; // ... Constants final static int DIAMETER = 40; // ... Instance variables private int m_x; // x and y coordinates upper left private int m_y; private double dx = 3.0; // delta x and y private double dy = 6.0; private double m_velocityX; // Pixels to move each time move() is called. private double m_velocityY; private int m_rightBound; // Maximum permissible x, y values. private int m_bottomBound; public AdobeBall(int x, int y, double velocityX, double velocityY, Color color1) { super(); m_x = x; m_y = y; m_velocityX = velocityX; m_velocityY = velocityY; color = color1; } public double getSpeed() { return Math.sqrt((m_x + m_velocityX - m_x) * (m_x + m_velocityX - m_x) + (m_y + m_velocityY - m_y) * (m_y + m_velocityY - m_y)); } public void setSpeed(double speed) { double currentSpeed = Math.sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy); dx = dx * speed / currentSpeed; dy = dy * speed / currentSpeed; } public void setDirection(double direction) { m_velocityX = (int) (Math.cos(direction) * getSpeed()); m_velocityY = (int) (Math.sin(direction) * getSpeed()); } public double getDirection() { double h = ((m_x + dx - m_x) * (m_x + dx - m_x)) + ((m_y + dy - m_y) * (m_y + dy - m_y)); double a = (m_x + dx - m_x) / h; return a; } // ======================================================== setBounds public void setBounds(int width, int height) { m_rightBound = width - DIAMETER; m_bottomBound = height - DIAMETER; } // ============================================================== move public void move() { double gravAmount = 0.02; double gravDir = 90; // The direction for the gravity to be in. // ... Move the ball at the give velocity. m_x += m_velocityX; m_y += m_velocityY; // ... Bounce the ball off the walls if necessary. if (m_x < 0) { // If at or beyond left side m_x = 0; // Place against edge and m_velocityX = -m_velocityX; } else if (m_x > m_rightBound) { // If at or beyond right side m_x = m_rightBound; // Place against right edge. m_velocityX = -m_velocityX; } if (m_y < 0) { // if we're at top m_y = 0; m_velocityY = -m_velocityY; } else if (m_y > m_bottomBound) { // if we're at bottom m_y = m_bottomBound; m_velocityY = -m_velocityY; } // double speed = Math.sqrt((m_velocityX * m_velocityX) // + (m_velocityY * m_velocityY)); // ...Friction stuff double fricMax = 0.02; // You can use any number, preferably less than 1 double friction = getSpeed(); if (friction > fricMax) friction = fricMax; if (m_velocityX >= 0) { m_velocityX -= friction; } if (m_velocityX <= 0) { m_velocityX += friction; } if (m_velocityY >= 0) { m_velocityY -= friction; } if (m_velocityY <= 0) { m_velocityY += friction; } // ...Gravity stuff m_velocityX += Math.cos(gravDir) * gravAmount; m_velocityY += Math.sin(gravDir) * gravAmount; } public Color getColor() { return color; } public void setColor(Color newColor) { color = newColor; } // ============================================= getDiameter, getX, getY public int getDiameter() { return DIAMETER; } public double getRadius() { return radius; // radius should be a local variable in Ball. } public int getX() { return m_x; } public int getY() { return m_y; } } using adobeBall: import java.awt.*; import java.awt.event.*; import javax.swing.*; public class AdobeBallImplementation implements Runnable { private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; private volatile boolean Play; private long mFrameDelay; private JFrame frame; private MyKeyListener pit; /** true means mouse was pressed in ball and still in panel. */ private boolean _canDrag = false; private static final int MAX_BALLS = 50; // max number allowed private int currentNumBalls = 2; // number currently active private AdobeBall[] ball = new AdobeBall[MAX_BALLS]; public AdobeBallImplementation(Color ballColor) { frame = new JFrame("simple gaming loop in java"); frame.setSize(400, 400); frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); pit = new MyKeyListener(); pit.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(400, 400)); frame.setContentPane(pit); ball[0] = new AdobeBall(34, 150, 7, 2, Color.YELLOW); ball[1] = new AdobeBall(50, 50, 5, 3, Color.BLUE); frame.pack(); frame.setVisible(true); frame.setBackground(Color.white); start(); frame.addMouseListener(pit); frame.addMouseMotionListener(pit); } public void start() { Play = true; Thread t = new Thread(this); t.start(); } public void stop() { Play = false; } public void run() { while (Play == true) { // bounce(ball[0],ball[1]); runball(); pit.repaint(); try { Thread.sleep(mFrameDelay); } catch (InterruptedException ie) { stop(); } } } public void drawworld(Graphics g) { for (int i = 0; i < currentNumBalls; i++) { g.setColor(ball[i].getColor()); g.fillOval(ball[i].getX(), ball[i].getY(), 40, 40); } } public double pointDistance (double x1, double y1, double x2, double y2) { return Math.sqrt((x2 - x1) * (x2 - x1) + (y2 - y1) * (y2 - y1)); } public void runball() { while (Play == true) { try { for (int i = 0; i < currentNumBalls; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < currentNumBalls; j++) { if (pointDistance(ball[i].getX(), ball[i].getY(), ball[j].getX(), ball[j].getY()) < ball[i] .getRadius() + ball[j].getRadius() + 2) { // bounce(ball[i],ball[j]); ball[i].setBounds(pit.getWidth(), pit.getHeight()); ball[i].move(); pit.repaint(); } } } try { Thread.sleep(50); } catch (Exception e) { System.exit(0); } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } public static double pointDirection(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2) { double H = Math.sqrt((x2 - x1) * (x2 - x1) + (y2 - y1) * (y2 - y1)); // The // hypotenuse double x = x2 - x1; // The opposite double y = y2 - y1; // The adjacent double angle = Math.acos(x / H); angle = angle * 57.2960285258; if (y < 0) { angle = 360 - angle; } return angle; } public static void bounce(AdobeBall b1, AdobeBall b2) { if (b2.getSpeed() == 0 && b1.getSpeed() == 0) { // Both balls are stopped. b1.setDirection(pointDirection(b1.getX(), b1.getY(), b2.getX(), b2 .getY())); b2.setDirection(pointDirection(b2.getX(), b2.getY(), b1.getX(), b1 .getY())); b1.setSpeed(1); b2.setSpeed(1); } else if (b2.getSpeed() == 0 && b1.getSpeed() != 0) { // B1 is moving. B2 is stationary. double angle = pointDirection(b1.getX(), b1.getY(), b2.getX(), b2 .getY()); b2.setSpeed(b1.getSpeed()); b2.setDirection(angle); b1.setDirection(angle - 90); } else if (b1.getSpeed() == 0 && b2.getSpeed() != 0) { // B1 is moving. B2 is stationary. double angle = pointDirection(b2.getX(), b2.getY(), b1.getX(), b1 .getY()); b1.setSpeed(b2.getSpeed()); b1.setDirection(angle); b2.setDirection(angle - 90); } else { // Both balls are moving. AdobeBall tmp = b1; double angle = pointDirection(b2.getX(), b2.getY(), b1.getX(), b1 .getY()); double origangle = b1.getDirection(); b1.setDirection(angle + origangle); angle = pointDirection(tmp.getX(), tmp.getY(), b2.getX(), b2.getY()); origangle = b2.getDirection(); b2.setDirection(angle + origangle); } } public static void main(String[] args) { javax.swing.SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() { public void run() { new AdobeBallImplementation(Color.red); } }); } } *EDIT:*ok splitting the code using new approach for gravity from this forum: this code also not working the ball is not coming on floor: public void mymove() { m_x += m_velocityX; m_y += m_velocityY; if (m_y + m_bottomBound > 400) { m_velocityY *= -0.981; // setY(400 - m_bottomBound); m_y = 400 - m_bottomBound; } // ... Bounce the ball off the walls if necessary. if (m_x < 0) { // If at or beyond left side m_x = 0; // Place against edge and m_velocityX = -m_velocityX; } else if (m_x > m_rightBound) { // If at or beyond right side m_x = m_rightBound - 20; // Place against right edge. m_velocityX = -m_velocityX; } if (m_y < 0) { // if we're at top m_y = 1; m_velocityY = -m_velocityY; } else if (m_y > m_bottomBound) { // if we're at bottom m_y = m_bottomBound - 20; m_velocityY = -m_velocityY; } } thanks a lot for any correction and help. jibby

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  • When convert a void pointer to a specific type pointer, which casting symbol is better, static_cast or reinterpret_cast?

    - by BugCreater
    A beginner question with poor English: Here I got a void* param and want to cast(or change) it to a specific type. But I don't know which "casting symbol" to use. Either**static_cast** and reinterpret_cast works. I want to know which one is better? which one does the Standard C++ recommend? typedef struct { int a; }A, *PA; int foo(void* a) // the real type of a is A* { A* pA = static_cast<A*>(a); // or A* pA = reinterpret_cast<A*>(a);? cout<<pA->a<<endl; return 0; } Here I use A* pA = static_cast(a); or A* pA = reinterpret_cast(a); is more proper?

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  • iOS bluetooth low energy not detecting peripherals

    - by user3712524
    My app won't detect peripherals. Im using light blue to simulate a bluetooth low energy peripheral and my app just won't sense it. I even installed light blue on two devices to make sure it was generating a peripheral signal properly and it is. Any suggestions? My labels are updating and the NSLog is showing that the scanning is starting. Thanks in advance. #import <UIKit/UIKit.h> #import <CoreBluetooth/CoreBluetooth.h> @interface ViewController : UIViewController @property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UITextField *navDestination; @end #import "ViewController.h" @implementation ViewController - (IBAction)connect:(id)sender { } - (IBAction)navDestination:(id)sender { NSString *destinationText = self.navDestination.text; } - (void)viewDidLoad { } - (void)viewWillDisappear:(BOOL)animated { [super viewWillDisappear:animated]; } - (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning { [super didReceiveMemoryWarning]; // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated. } @end #import <UIKit/UIKit.h> #import "ViewController.h" @interface BlueToothViewController : UIViewController @property (strong, nonatomic) CBCentralManager *centralManager; @property (strong, nonatomic) CBPeripheral *discoveredPerepheral; @property (strong, nonatomic) NSMutableData *data; @property (strong, nonatomic) IBOutlet UITextView *textview; @property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UILabel *charLabel; @property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UILabel *isConnected; @property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UILabel *myPeripherals; @property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UILabel *aLabel; - (void)centralManagerDidUpdateState:(CBCentralManager *)central; - (void)centralManger:(CBCentralManager *)central didDiscoverPeripheral: (CBPeripheral *)peripheral advertisementData:(NSDictionary *)advertisementData RSSI:(NSNumber *)RSSI; -(void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager *)central didFailToConnectPeripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral error:(NSError *)error; -(void)cleanup; -(void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager *)central didConnectPeripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral; -(void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didDiscoverServices:(NSError *)error; -(void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didDiscoverCharacteristicsForService:(CBService *)service error:(NSError *)error; -(void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager *)central didDisconnectPeripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral error:(NSError *)error; -(void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didUpdateValueForCharacteristic:(CBCharacteristic *)characteristic error:(NSError *)error; -(void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didUpdateNotificationStateForCharacteristic:(CBCharacteristic *)characteristic error:(NSError *)error; @end @interface BlueToothViewController () @end @implementation BlueToothViewController - (id)initWithNibName:(NSString *)nibNameOrNil bundle:(NSBundle *)nibBundleOrNil { self = [super initWithNibName:nibNameOrNil bundle:nibBundleOrNil]; if (self) { // Custom initialization } return self; } - (void)viewDidLoad { _centralManager = [[CBCentralManager alloc]initWithDelegate:self queue:nil options:nil]; _data = [[NSMutableData alloc]init]; } - (void)viewWillDisappear:(BOOL)animated { [super viewWillDisappear:animated]; [_centralManager stopScan]; } - (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning { [super didReceiveMemoryWarning]; // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated. } - (void)centralManagerDidUpdateState:(CBCentralManager *)central { //you should test all scenarios if (central.state == CBCentralManagerStateUnknown) { self.aLabel.text = @"I dont do anything because my state is unknown."; return; } if (central.state == CBCentralManagerStatePoweredOn) { //scan for devices [_centralManager scanForPeripheralsWithServices:nil options:@{ CBCentralManagerScanOptionAllowDuplicatesKey : @YES }]; NSLog(@"Scanning Started"); } if (central.state == CBCentralManagerStateResetting) { self.aLabel.text = @"I dont do anything because my state is resetting."; return; } if (central.state == CBCentralManagerStateUnsupported) { self.aLabel.text = @"I dont do anything because my state is unsupported."; return; } if (central.state == CBCentralManagerStateUnauthorized) { self.aLabel.text = @"I dont do anything because my state is unauthorized."; return; } if (central.state == CBCentralManagerStatePoweredOff) { self.aLabel.text = @"I dont do anything because my state is powered off."; return; } } - (void)centralManger:(CBCentralManager *)central didDiscoverPeripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral advertisementData:(NSDictionary *)advertisementData RSSI:(NSNumber *)RSSI { NSLog(@"Discovered %@ at %@", peripheral.name, RSSI); self.myPeripherals.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@%@",peripheral.name, RSSI]; if (_discoveredPerepheral != peripheral) { //save a copy of the peripheral _discoveredPerepheral = peripheral; //and connect NSLog(@"Connecting to peripheral %@", peripheral); [_centralManager connectPeripheral:peripheral options:nil]; self.aLabel.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@", peripheral]; } } -(void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager *)central didFailToConnectPeripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral error:(NSError *)error { NSLog(@"Failed to connect"); [self cleanup]; } -(void)cleanup { //see if we are subscribed to a characteristic on the peripheral if (_discoveredPerepheral.services != nil) { for (CBService *service in _discoveredPerepheral.services) { if (service.characteristics != nil) { for (CBCharacteristic *characteristic in service.characteristics) { if ([characteristic.UUID isEqual:[CBUUID UUIDWithString:@"508EFF8E-F541-57EF-BD82-B0B4EC504CA9"]]) { if (characteristic.isNotifying) { [_discoveredPerepheral setNotifyValue:NO forCharacteristic:characteristic]; return; } } } } } } [_centralManager cancelPeripheralConnection:_discoveredPerepheral]; } -(void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager *)central didConnectPeripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral { NSLog(@"Connected"); [_centralManager stopScan]; NSLog(@"Scanning stopped"); self.isConnected.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"Connected"]; [_data setLength:0]; peripheral.delegate = self; [peripheral discoverServices:nil]; } -(void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didDiscoverServices:(NSError *)error { if (error) { [self cleanup]; return; } for (CBService *service in peripheral.services) { [peripheral discoverCharacteristics:nil forService:service]; } //discover other characteristics } -(void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didDiscoverCharacteristicsForService:(CBService *)service error:(NSError *)error { if (error) { [self cleanup]; return; } for (CBCharacteristic *characteristic in service.characteristics) { [peripheral setNotifyValue:YES forCharacteristic:characteristic]; } } -(void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didUpdateValueForCharacteristic:(CBCharacteristic *)characteristic error:(NSError *)error { if (error) { NSLog(@"Error"); return; } NSString *stringFromData = [[NSString alloc]initWithData:characteristic.value encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]; self.charLabel.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@", stringFromData]; //Have we got everything we need? if ([stringFromData isEqualToString:@"EOM"]) { [_textview setText:[[NSString alloc]initWithData:self.data encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]]; [peripheral setNotifyValue:NO forCharacteristic:characteristic]; [_centralManager cancelPeripheralConnection:peripheral]; } } -(void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didUpdateNotificationStateForCharacteristic:(CBCharacteristic *)characteristic error:(NSError *)error { if ([characteristic.UUID isEqual:nil]) { return; } if (characteristic.isNotifying) { NSLog(@"Notification began on %@", characteristic); } else { [_centralManager cancelPeripheralConnection:peripheral]; } } -(void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager *)central didDisconnectPeripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral error:(NSError *)error { _discoveredPerepheral = nil; self.isConnected.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"Connecting..."]; [_centralManager scanForPeripheralsWithServices:nil options:@{ CBCentralManagerScanOptionAllowDuplicatesKey : @YES}]; } @end

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  • Custom Gesture in cocos2d

    - by Lewis
    I've found a little tutorial that would be useful for my game: http://blog.mellenthin.de/archives/2012/02/13/an-one-finger-rotation-gesture-recognizer/ But I can't work out how to convert that gesture to work with cocos2d, I have found examples of pre made gestures in cocos2d, but no custom ones, is it possible? EDIT STILL HAVING PROBLEMS WITH THIS: I've added the code from Sentinel below (from SO), the Gesture and RotateGesture have both been added to my solution and are compiling. Although In the rotation class now I only see selectors, how do I set those up? As the custom gesture found in that project above looks like: header file for custom gesture: #import <Foundation/Foundation.h> #import <UIKit/UIGestureRecognizerSubclass.h> @protocol OneFingerRotationGestureRecognizerDelegate <NSObject> @optional - (void) rotation: (CGFloat) angle; - (void) finalAngle: (CGFloat) angle; @end @interface OneFingerRotationGestureRecognizer : UIGestureRecognizer { CGPoint midPoint; CGFloat innerRadius; CGFloat outerRadius; CGFloat cumulatedAngle; id <OneFingerRotationGestureRecognizerDelegate> target; } - (id) initWithMidPoint: (CGPoint) midPoint innerRadius: (CGFloat) innerRadius outerRadius: (CGFloat) outerRadius target: (id) target; - (void)reset; - (void)touchesBegan:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event; - (void)touchesMoved:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event; - (void)touchesEnded:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event; - (void)touchesCancelled:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event; @end .m for custom gesture file: #include <math.h> #import "OneFingerRotationGestureRecognizer.h" @implementation OneFingerRotationGestureRecognizer // private helper functions CGFloat distanceBetweenPoints(CGPoint point1, CGPoint point2); CGFloat angleBetweenLinesInDegrees(CGPoint beginLineA, CGPoint endLineA, CGPoint beginLineB, CGPoint endLineB); - (id) initWithMidPoint: (CGPoint) _midPoint innerRadius: (CGFloat) _innerRadius outerRadius: (CGFloat) _outerRadius target: (id <OneFingerRotationGestureRecognizerDelegate>) _target { if ((self = [super initWithTarget: _target action: nil])) { midPoint = _midPoint; innerRadius = _innerRadius; outerRadius = _outerRadius; target = _target; } return self; } /** Calculates the distance between point1 and point 2. */ CGFloat distanceBetweenPoints(CGPoint point1, CGPoint point2) { CGFloat dx = point1.x - point2.x; CGFloat dy = point1.y - point2.y; return sqrt(dx*dx + dy*dy); } CGFloat angleBetweenLinesInDegrees(CGPoint beginLineA, CGPoint endLineA, CGPoint beginLineB, CGPoint endLineB) { CGFloat a = endLineA.x - beginLineA.x; CGFloat b = endLineA.y - beginLineA.y; CGFloat c = endLineB.x - beginLineB.x; CGFloat d = endLineB.y - beginLineB.y; CGFloat atanA = atan2(a, b); CGFloat atanB = atan2(c, d); // convert radiants to degrees return (atanA - atanB) * 180 / M_PI; } #pragma mark - UIGestureRecognizer implementation - (void)reset { [super reset]; cumulatedAngle = 0; } - (void)touchesBegan:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event { [super touchesBegan:touches withEvent:event]; if ([touches count] != 1) { self.state = UIGestureRecognizerStateFailed; return; } } - (void)touchesMoved:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event { [super touchesMoved:touches withEvent:event]; if (self.state == UIGestureRecognizerStateFailed) return; CGPoint nowPoint = [[touches anyObject] locationInView: self.view]; CGPoint prevPoint = [[touches anyObject] previousLocationInView: self.view]; // make sure the new point is within the area CGFloat distance = distanceBetweenPoints(midPoint, nowPoint); if ( innerRadius <= distance && distance <= outerRadius) { // calculate rotation angle between two points CGFloat angle = angleBetweenLinesInDegrees(midPoint, prevPoint, midPoint, nowPoint); // fix value, if the 12 o'clock position is between prevPoint and nowPoint if (angle > 180) { angle -= 360; } else if (angle < -180) { angle += 360; } // sum up single steps cumulatedAngle += angle; // call delegate if ([target respondsToSelector: @selector(rotation:)]) { [target rotation:angle]; } } else { // finger moved outside the area self.state = UIGestureRecognizerStateFailed; } } - (void)touchesEnded:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event { [super touchesEnded:touches withEvent:event]; if (self.state == UIGestureRecognizerStatePossible) { self.state = UIGestureRecognizerStateRecognized; if ([target respondsToSelector: @selector(finalAngle:)]) { [target finalAngle:cumulatedAngle]; } } else { self.state = UIGestureRecognizerStateFailed; } cumulatedAngle = 0; } - (void)touchesCancelled:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event { [super touchesCancelled:touches withEvent:event]; self.state = UIGestureRecognizerStateFailed; cumulatedAngle = 0; } @end Then its initialised like this: // calculate center and radius of the control CGPoint midPoint = CGPointMake(image.frame.origin.x + image.frame.size.width / 2, image.frame.origin.y + image.frame.size.height / 2); CGFloat outRadius = image.frame.size.width / 2; // outRadius / 3 is arbitrary, just choose something >> 0 to avoid strange // effects when touching the control near of it's center gestureRecognizer = [[OneFingerRotationGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithMidPoint: midPoint innerRadius: outRadius / 3 outerRadius: outRadius target: self]; [self.view addGestureRecognizer: gestureRecognizer]; The selector below is also in the same file where the initialisation of the gestureRecogonizer: - (void) rotation: (CGFloat) angle { // calculate rotation angle imageAngle += angle; if (imageAngle > 360) imageAngle -= 360; else if (imageAngle < -360) imageAngle += 360; // rotate image and update text field image.transform = CGAffineTransformMakeRotation(imageAngle * M_PI / 180); [self updateTextDisplay]; } I can't seem to get this working in the RotateGesture class can anyone help me please I've been stuck on this for days now. SECOND EDIT: Here is the users code from SO that was suggested to me: Here is projec on GitHub: SFGestureRecognizers It uses builded in iOS UIGestureRecognizer, and don't needs to be integrated into cocos2d sources. Using it, You can make any gestures, just like you could, if you whould work with UIGestureRecognizer. For example: I made a base class Gesture, and subclassed it for any new gesture: //Gesture.h @interface Gesture : NSObject <UIGestureRecognizerDelegate> { UIGestureRecognizer *gestureRecognizer; id delegate; SEL preSolveSelector; SEL possibleSelector; SEL beganSelector; SEL changedSelector; SEL endedSelector; SEL cancelledSelector; SEL failedSelector; BOOL preSolveAvailable; CCNode *owner; } - (id)init; - (void)addGestureRecognizerToNode:(CCNode*)node; - (void)removeGestureRecognizerFromNode:(CCNode*)node; -(void)recognizer:(UIGestureRecognizer*)recognizer; @end //Gesture.m #import "Gesture.h" @implementation Gesture - (id)init { if (!(self = [super init])) return self; preSolveAvailable = YES; return self; } - (BOOL)gestureRecognizer:(UIGestureRecognizer *)gestureRecognizer shouldRecognizeSimultaneouslyWithGestureRecognizer:(UIGestureRecognizer *)otherGestureRecognizer { return YES; } - (BOOL)gestureRecognizer:(UIGestureRecognizer *)recognizer shouldReceiveTouch:(UITouch *)touch { //! For swipe gesture recognizer we want it to be executed only if it occurs on the main layer, not any of the subnodes ( main layer is higher in hierarchy than children so it will be receiving touch by default ) if ([recognizer class] == [UISwipeGestureRecognizer class]) { CGPoint pt = [touch locationInView:touch.view]; pt = [[CCDirector sharedDirector] convertToGL:pt]; for (CCNode *child in owner.children) { if ([child isNodeInTreeTouched:pt]) { return NO; } } } return YES; } - (void)addGestureRecognizerToNode:(CCNode*)node { [node addGestureRecognizer:gestureRecognizer]; owner = node; } - (void)removeGestureRecognizerFromNode:(CCNode*)node { [node removeGestureRecognizer:gestureRecognizer]; } #pragma mark - Private methods -(void)recognizer:(UIGestureRecognizer*)recognizer { CCNode *node = recognizer.node; if (preSolveSelector && preSolveAvailable) { preSolveAvailable = NO; [delegate performSelector:preSolveSelector withObject:recognizer withObject:node]; } UIGestureRecognizerState state = [recognizer state]; if (state == UIGestureRecognizerStatePossible && possibleSelector) { [delegate performSelector:possibleSelector withObject:recognizer withObject:node]; } else if (state == UIGestureRecognizerStateBegan && beganSelector) [delegate performSelector:beganSelector withObject:recognizer withObject:node]; else if (state == UIGestureRecognizerStateChanged && changedSelector) [delegate performSelector:changedSelector withObject:recognizer withObject:node]; else if (state == UIGestureRecognizerStateEnded && endedSelector) { preSolveAvailable = YES; [delegate performSelector:endedSelector withObject:recognizer withObject:node]; } else if (state == UIGestureRecognizerStateCancelled && cancelledSelector) { preSolveAvailable = YES; [delegate performSelector:cancelledSelector withObject:recognizer withObject:node]; } else if (state == UIGestureRecognizerStateFailed && failedSelector) { preSolveAvailable = YES; [delegate performSelector:failedSelector withObject:recognizer withObject:node]; } } @end Subclass example: //RotateGesture.h #import "Gesture.h" @interface RotateGesture : Gesture - (id)initWithTarget:(id)target preSolveSelector:(SEL)preSolve possibleSelector:(SEL)possible beganSelector:(SEL)began changedSelector:(SEL)changed endedSelector:(SEL)ended cancelledSelector:(SEL)cancelled failedSelector:(SEL)failed; @end //RotateGesture.m #import "RotateGesture.h" @implementation RotateGesture - (id)initWithTarget:(id)target preSolveSelector:(SEL)preSolve possibleSelector:(SEL)possible beganSelector:(SEL)began changedSelector:(SEL)changed endedSelector:(SEL)ended cancelledSelector:(SEL)cancelled failedSelector:(SEL)failed { if (!(self = [super init])) return self; preSolveSelector = preSolve; delegate = target; possibleSelector = possible; beganSelector = began; changedSelector = changed; endedSelector = ended; cancelledSelector = cancelled; failedSelector = failed; gestureRecognizer = [[UIRotationGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self action:@selector(recognizer:)]; gestureRecognizer.delegate = self; return self; } @end Use example: - (void)addRotateGesture { RotateGesture *rotateRecognizer = [[RotateGesture alloc] initWithTarget:self preSolveSelector:@selector(rotateGesturePreSolveWithRecognizer:node:) possibleSelector:nil beganSelector:@selector(rotateGestureStateBeganWithRecognizer:node:) changedSelector:@selector(rotateGestureStateChangedWithRecognizer:node:) endedSelector:@selector(rotateGestureStateEndedWithRecognizer:node:) cancelledSelector:@selector(rotateGestureStateCancelledWithRecognizer:node:) failedSelector:@selector(rotateGestureStateFailedWithRecognizer:node:)]; [rotateRecognizer addGestureRecognizerToNode:movableAreaSprite]; } I dont understand how to implement the custom gesture code at the start of this post into the rotateGesture class which is a subclass of the gesture class written by the SO user. Any ideas please? When I get 6 more rep I'll add a bounty to this.

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  • Sprites, Primitives and logic entity as structs

    - by Jeffrey
    I'm wondering would it be considered acceptable: The window class is responsible for drawing data, so it will have a method: Window::draw(const Sprite&); Window::draw(const Rect&); Window::draw(const Triangle&); Window::draw(const Circle&); and all those primitives + sprites would be just public struct. For example Sprite: struct Sprite { float x, y; // center float origin_x, origin_y; float width, height; float rotation; float scaling; GLuint texture; Sprite(float w, float h); Sprite(float w, float h, float a, float b); void useTexture(std::string file); void setOrigin(float a, float b); void move(float a, float b); // relative move void moveTo(float a, float b); // absolute move void rotate(float a); // relative rotation void rotateTo(float a); // absolute rotation void rotationReset(); void scale(float a); // relative scaling void scaleTo(float a); // absolute scaling void scaleReset(); }; So instead of having each primitive to call their draw() function, which is a little bit off topic for their object, I let the Window class handle all the OpenGL stuff and manipulate them as simple objects that will be drawn later on. Is this pattern used? Does it have any cons against it's primitives-draw-themself pattern? Are there any other related patterns?

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  • Dependency Inversion Principle

    - by Chris Paine
    I have been studying also S.O.L.I.D. and watched this video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=huEEkx5P5Hs 01:45:30 into the video he talks about the Dependency Inversion Principle and I am scratching my head??? I had to simplify it(if possible) to get it through this thick scull of mine and here is what I came up with. Code on the marked My_modified_code my version, code marked Original DIP video version. Can I accomplish the same with the latter code? Thanks in advance. Original: namespace simple.main { class main { static void Main() { FirstClass FirstClass = new FirstClass(new OtherClass()); FirstClass.Method(); Console.ReadKey(); //tempClass temp = new OtherClass(); //temp.Method(); } } public class FirstClass { private tempClass _LastClass; public FirstClass(tempClass tempClass)//ctor { _LastClass = tempClass; } public void Method() { _LastClass.Method(); } } public abstract class tempClass{public abstract void Method();} public class LASTCLASS : tempClass { public override void Method() { Console.WriteLine("\nHello World!"); } } public class OtherClass : tempClass { public override void Method() { Console.WriteLine("\nOther World!"); } } } My_modified_code: namespace simple.main { class main { static void Main() { //FirstClass FirstClass = new FirstClass(new OtherClass()); //FirstClass.Method(); //Console.ReadKey(); tempClass temp = new OtherClass(); temp.Method(); } } //public class FirstClass //{ // private tempClass _LastClass; // public FirstClass(tempClass tempClass)//ctor // { // _LastClass = tempClass; // } // public void Method() // { // _LastClass.Method(); // } //} public abstract class tempClass{public abstract void Method();} public class LASTCLASS : tempClass { public override void Method() { Console.WriteLine("\nHello World!"); } } public class OtherClass : tempClass { public override void Method() { Console.WriteLine("\nOther World!"); } }

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  • how to code multiple button navigation with java activities [migrated]

    - by user1738212
    Question 1: I have 2 activities. I was wondering how to optimize it. I can either create 2 activities with multiple listeners. Or create multiple java files for each button(onclick listener) Question 2: I have tried to create multiple listeners in one java but can only get one button to work. What is the syntax for multiple listeners in one java file? Here is my *updated code: now the issue is no matter what button is clicked on it leads to the same page. package install.fineline; import android.app.Activity; import android.content.Context; import android.content.Intent; import android.os.Bundle; import android.widget.Button; import android.view.View; import android.view.View.OnClickListener; public class Activity1 extends Activity2 { Button Button1; Button Button2; Button Button3; Button Button4; Button Button5; Button Button6; public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.fineline); addListenerOnButton(); } public void addListenerOnButton() { final Context context = this; Button1 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.autobody); Button1.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() { public void onClick(View arg0) { Intent intent = new Intent(context, Activity1.class); startActivity(intent); } }); Button2 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.glass); Button2.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View arg0) { Intent intent = new Intent(context, Activity1.class); startActivity(intent); } }); Button3 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.wheels); Button3.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View arg0) { Intent intent = new Intent(context, Activity1.class); startActivity(intent); } }); Button4 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.speedy); Button4.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View arg0) { Intent intent = new Intent(context, Activity1.class); startActivity(intent); } }); Button5 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.sevan); Button5.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View arg0) { Intent intent = new Intent(context, Activity1.class); startActivity(intent); } }); Button6 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.towing); Button6.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View arg0) { Intent intent = new Intent(context, Activity1.class); startActivity(intent); } }); }} activity2.java package install.fineline; import android.app.Activity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.widget.Button; public class Activity2 extends Activity { Button Button1; public void onCreate1(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.autobody); } Button Button2; public void onCreate2(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.glass); } Button Button3; public void onCreate3(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.wheels); } Button button4; public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.speedy); } Button Button5; public void onCreate5(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.sevan); } Button Button6; public void onCreate6(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.towing); }}

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  • Is it possible to store pointers in shared memory without using offsets?

    - by Joseph Garvin
    When using shared memory, each process may mmap the shared region into a different area of their address space. This means that when storing pointers within the shared region, you need to store them as offsets of the start of the shared region. Unfortunately, this complicates use of atomic instructions (e.g. if you're trying to write a lock free algorithm). For example, say you have a bunch of reference counted nodes in shared memory, created by a single writer. The writer periodically atomically updates a pointer 'p' to point to a valid node with positive reference count. Readers want to atomically write to 'p' because it points to the beginning of a node (a struct) whose first element is a reference count. Since p always points to a valid node, incrementing the ref count is safe, and makes it safe to dereference 'p' and access other members. However, this all only works when everything is in the same address space. If the nodes and the 'p' pointer are stored in shared memory, then clients suffer a race condition: x = read p y = x + offset Increment refcount at y During step 2, p may change and x may no longer point to a valid node. The only workaround I can think of is somehow forcing all processes to agree on where to map the shared memory, so that real pointers rather than offsets can be stored in the mmap'd region. Is there any way to do that? I see MAP_FIXED in the mmap documentation, but I don't know how I could pick an address that would be safe.

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