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  • How to implement lockstep model for RTS game?

    - by user11177
    In my effort to learn programming I'm trying to make a small RTS style game. I've googled and read a lot of articles and gamedev q&a's on the topic of lockstep synchronization in multiplayer RTS games, but am still having trouble wrapping my head around how to implement it in my own game. I currently have a simple server/client system. For example if player1 selects a unit and gives the command to move it, the client sends the command [move, unit, coordinates] to the server, the server runs the pathfinding function and sends [move, unit, path] to all clients which then moves the unit and run animations. So far so good, but not synchronized for clients with latency or lower/higher FPS. How can I turn this into a true lockstep system? Is the right methodology supposed to be something like the following, using the example from above: Turn 1 start gather command inputs from player1 send to the server turn number and commands end turn, increment turn number The server receives the commands, runs pathfinding and sends the paths to all clients. Next turn receive paths from server, as well as confirmation that all clients completed previous turn, otherwise pause and wait for that confirmation move units gather new inputs end turn Is that the gist of it? Should perhaps pathfinding and other game logic be done client side instead of on the server, if so why? Is there anything else I'm missing? I hope someone can break down the concept, so I understand it better.

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  • Modern techniques for spriting

    - by DevilWithin
    Hello, I would like to know the flow for making modern 2D game artwork. How are the assets made nowadays? Bitmap? Vector-based? Hand-drawn and painted? Drawn digitally? Modeled in 3D and exported to bitmaps? I would like some information on programs as well, for fine looking art. Why does Flash's vector art style look good in most games? How do I make equivalent graphics with external tools? Or equaly good and not vector-based, anyway. Any special hints for animating? An answer oriented towards a one-man-army indie developer with little experience but some artistic sense would be appreciated! Not a complete dummy with paint programs, but also not a master at all, just need efficient ways to achieve results. Thanks. NOTE: Pixel art is not the goal of this question, nothing related to direct pixel manipulation should be brought up here, but you're free to do exactly that :)

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  • Game actions that take multiple frames to complete

    - by CantTetris
    I've never really done much game programming before, pretty straightforward question. Imagine I'm building a Tetris game, with the main loop looking something like this. for every frame handle input if it's time to make the current block move down a row if we can move the block move the block else remove all complete rows move rows down so there are no gaps if we can spawn a new block spawn a new current block else game over Everything in the game so far happens instantly - things are spawned instantly, rows are removed instantly etc. But what if I don't want things to happen instantly (i.e animate things)? for every frame handle input if it's time to make the current block move down a row if we can move the block move the block else ?? animate complete rows disappearing (somehow, wait over multiple frames until the animation is done) ?? animate rows moving downwards (and again, wait over multiple frames) if we can spawn a new block spawn a new current block else game over In my Pong clone this wasn't an issue, as every frame I was just moving the ball and checking for collisions. How can I wrap my head around this issue? Surely most games involves some action that takes more than a frame, and other things halt until the action is done.

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  • Rotate/Translate object in local space

    - by Mathias Hölzl
    I am just trying to create a movementcontroller class for game entities. These class should transform the entity affected by the mouse and keyboard input. I am able to calculate the changed rotation and the new globalPosition. Then I multiply: newGlobalMatrix = changedRotationMatrix * oldGlobalMatrix; newGlobalMatrix = MatrixSetPosition(newPosition); The problem is that the object rotates around the global axis and not around the local axis. I use XNAMath for the matrix calculation.

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  • Car-like Physics - Basic Maths to Simulate Steering

    - by Reanimation
    As my program stands I have a cube which I can control using keyboard input. I can make it move left, right, up, down, back, fourth along the axis only. I can also rotate the cube either left or right; all the translations and rotations are implemented using glm. if (keys[VK_LEFT]) //move cube along xAxis negative { globalPos.x -= moveCube; keys[VK_RIGHT] = false; } if (keys[VK_RIGHT]) //move cube along xAxis positive { globalPos.x += moveCube; keys[VK_LEFT] = false; } if (keys[VK_UP]) //move cube along yAxis positive { globalPos.y += moveCube; keys[VK_DOWN] = false; } if (keys[VK_DOWN]) //move cube along yAxis negative { globalPos.y -= moveCube; keys[VK_UP] = false; } if (FORWARD) //W - move cube along zAxis positive { globalPos.z += moveCube; BACKWARD = false; } if (BACKWARD) //S- move cube along zAxis negative { globalPos.z -= moveCube; FORWARD = false; } if (ROT_LEFT) //rotate cube left { rotX +=0.01f; ROT_LEFT = false; } if (ROT_RIGHT) //rotate cube right { rotX -=0.01f; ROT_RIGHT = false; } I render the cube using this function which handles the shader and position on screen: void renderMovingCube(){ glUseProgram(myShader.handle()); GLuint matrixLoc4MovingCube = glGetUniformLocation(myShader.handle(), "ProjectionMatrix"); glUniformMatrix4fv(matrixLoc4MovingCube, 1, GL_FALSE, &ProjectionMatrix[0][0]); glm::mat4 viewMatrixMovingCube; viewMatrixMovingCube = glm::lookAt(camOrigin,camLookingAt,camNormalXYZ); ModelViewMatrix = glm::translate(viewMatrixMovingCube,globalPos); ModelViewMatrix = glm::rotate(ModelViewMatrix,rotX, glm::vec3(0,1,0)); //manually rotate glUniformMatrix4fv(glGetUniformLocation(myShader.handle(), "ModelViewMatrix"), 1, GL_FALSE, &ModelViewMatrix[0][0]); movingCube.render(); glUseProgram(0); } The glm::lookAt function always points to the screens centre (0,0,0). The globalPos is a glm::vec3 globalPos(0,0,0); so when the program executes, renders the cube in the centre of the screens viewing matrix; the keyboard inputs above adjust the globalPos of the moving cube. The glm::rotate is the function used to rotate manually. My question is, how can I make the cube go forwards depending on what direction the cube is facing.... ie, once I've rotated the cube a few degrees using glm, the forwards direction, relative to the cube, is no longer on the z-Axis... how can I store the forwards direction and then use that to navigate forwards no matter what way it is facing? (either using vectors that can be applied to my code or some handy maths). Thanks.

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  • Converting 3 axis vectors to a rotation matrix

    - by user38858
    I am trying to get a rotation matrix (in 3dsmax) from 3 vectors that form an axis (all 3 vectors are aligned by 90 degrees each other) Somewhere I read that I could build a rotation matrix just by inserting in every row one vector at a time (source: http://renderdan.blogspot.cz/2006/05/rotation-matrix-from-axis-vectors.html) So, I built a matrix with these example vectors x-axis : [-0.194624,-0.23715,-0.951778] y-axis : [-0.773012,0.634392,0] z-axis : [-0.6038,-0.735735,0.306788] But for some reason, if I try to convert this matrix to eulerangles, I receive this rotation: (eulerAngles 47.7284 6.12831 36.8263) ... which is totally wrong, and doesn't align to my 3 vectors at all. I know that rotation is quite difficult to understand, may someone shed some light? :)

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  • Optimization and Saving/Loading

    - by MrPlosion1243
    I'm developing a 2D tile based game and I have a few questions regarding it. First I would like to know if this is the correct way to structure my Tile class: namespace TileGame.Engine { public enum TileType { Air, Stone } class Tile { TileType type; bool collidable; static Tile air = new Tile(TileType.Air); static Tile stone = new Tile(TileType.Stone); public Tile(TileType type) { this.type = type; collidable = true; } } } With this method I just say world[y, x] = Tile.Stone and this seems right to me but I'm not a very experienced coder and would like assistance. Now the reason I doubt this so much is because I like everything to be as optimized as possible and there is a major flaw in this that I need help overcoming. It has to do with saving and loading... well more on loading actually. The way it's done relies on the principle of casting an enumeration into a byte which gives you the corresponding number where its declared in the enumeration. Each TileType is cast as a byte and written out to a file. So TileType.Air would appear as 0 and TileType.Stone would appear as 1 in the file (well in byte form obviously). Loading in the file is alot different though because I can't just loop through all the bytes in the file cast them as a TileType and assign it: for(int x = 0; x < size.X; x++) { for(int y = 0; y < size.Y; y+) { world[y, x].Type = (TileType)byteReader.ReadByte(); } } This just wont work presumably because I have to actually say world[y, x] = Tile.Stone as apposed to world[y, x].Type = TileType.Stone. In order to be able to say that I need a gigantic switch case statement (I only have 2 tiles but you could imagine what it would look like with hundreds): Tile tile; for(int x = 0; x < size.X; x++) { for(int y = 0; y < size.Y; y+) { switch(byteReader.ReadByte()){ case 0: tile = Tile.Air; break; case 1: tile = Tile.Stone; break; } world[y, x] = tile; } } Now you can see how unoptimized this is and I don't know what to do. I would really just like to cast the byte as a TileType and use that but as said before I have to say world[y, x] = Tile.whatever and TileType can't be used this way. So what should I do? I would imagine I need to restructure my Tile class to fit the requirements but I don't know how I would do that. Please help! Thanks.

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  • GoogleAppEngine : ClassNotFoundException : javax.jdo.metadata.ComponentMetadata

    - by James.Elsey
    I'm trying to deploy my application to a locally running GoogleAppEngine development server, but I'm getting the following stack trace when I start the server Apr 23, 2010 9:03:33 PM com.google.apphosting.utils.jetty.JettyLogger warn WARNING: Nested in org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'clientDao' defined in ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml]: Cannot resolve reference to bean 'entityManagerFactory' while setting bean property 'entityManagerFactory'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'entityManagerFactory' defined in ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax/jdo/metadata/ComponentMetadata: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: javax.jdo.metadata.ComponentMetadata at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:217) at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method) at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:205) at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:319) at com.google.appengine.tools.development.IsolatedAppClassLoader.loadClass(IsolatedAppClassLoader.java:151) at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:264) at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClassInternal(ClassLoader.java:332) at java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method) at java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:264) at javax.jdo.JDOHelper$18.run(JDOHelper.java:2009) at javax.jdo.JDOHelper$18.run(JDOHelper.java:2007) at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method) at javax.jdo.JDOHelper.forName(JDOHelper.java:2006) at javax.jdo.JDOHelper.invokeGetPersistenceManagerFactoryOnImplementation(JDOHelper.java:1155) at javax.jdo.JDOHelper.getPersistenceManagerFactory(JDOHelper.java:803) at javax.jdo.JDOHelper.getPersistenceManagerFactory(JDOHelper.java:698) at org.datanucleus.jpa.EntityManagerFactoryImpl.initialisePMF(EntityManagerFactoryImpl.java:482) at org.datanucleus.jpa.EntityManagerFactoryImpl.<init>(EntityManagerFactoryImpl.java:255) at org.datanucleus.store.appengine.jpa.DatastoreEntityManagerFactory.<init>(DatastoreEntityManagerFactory.java:68) at org.datanucleus.store.appengine.jpa.DatastorePersistenceProvider.createContainerEntityManagerFactory(DatastorePersistenceProvider.java:45) at org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.createNativeEntityManagerFactory(LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:224) at org.springframework.orm.jpa.AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:291) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1369) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1335) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:473) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory$1.run(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:409) at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:380) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:264) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:222) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:261) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:185) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:164) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionValueResolver.resolveReference(BeanDefinitionValueResolver.java:269) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionValueResolver.resolveValueIfNecessary(BeanDefinitionValueResolver.java:104) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.applyPropertyValues(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1245) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1010) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:472) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory$1.run(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:409) at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:380) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:264) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:222) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:261) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:185) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:164) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:429) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:728) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:380) at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.createWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:255) at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.initWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:199) at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener.contextInitialized(ContextLoaderListener.java:45) at org.mortbay.jetty.handler.ContextHandler.startContext(ContextHandler.java:530) at org.mortbay.jetty.servlet.Context.startContext(Context.java:135) at org.mortbay.jetty.webapp.WebAppContext.startContext(WebAppContext.java:1218) at org.mortbay.jetty.handler.ContextHandler.doStart(ContextHandler.java:500) at org.mortbay.jetty.webapp.WebAppContext.doStart(WebAppContext.java:448) at org.mortbay.component.AbstractLifeCycle.start(AbstractLifeCycle.java:40) at org.mortbay.jetty.handler.HandlerWrapper.doStart(HandlerWrapper.java:117) at org.mortbay.component.AbstractLifeCycle.start(AbstractLifeCycle.java:40) at org.mortbay.jetty.handler.HandlerWrapper.doStart(HandlerWrapper.java:117) at org.mortbay.jetty.Server.doStart(Server.java:217) at org.mortbay.component.AbstractLifeCycle.start(AbstractLifeCycle.java:40) at com.google.appengine.tools.development.JettyContainerService.startContainer(JettyContainerService.java:181) at com.google.appengine.tools.development.AbstractContainerService.startup(AbstractContainerService.java:116) at com.google.appengine.tools.development.DevAppServerImpl.start(DevAppServerImpl.java:217) at com.google.appengine.tools.development.DevAppServerMain$StartAction.apply(DevAppServerMain.java:162) at com.google.appengine.tools.util.Parser$ParseResult.applyArgs(Parser.java:48) at com.google.appengine.tools.development.DevAppServerMain.<init>(DevAppServerMain.java:113) at com.google.appengine.tools.development.DevAppServerMain.main(DevAppServerMain.java:89) The server is running at http://localhost:1234/ I'm a little confused over this, since I have the same application running locally on GlassFish/MySQL. All I have done is to swap in the relevant jar files, and change the persistence.xml. My applicationContext.xml looks as follows : <context:annotation-config/> <bean id="clientDao" class="com.jameselsey.salestracker.dao.jpa.JpaDaoClient"> <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory"/> </bean> <bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean"/> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager"> <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory" /> </bean> <bean id="org.springframework.context.annotation.internalPersistenceAnnotationProcessor" class="com.jameselsey.salestracker.util.GaeFixInternalPersistenceAnnotationProcessor" /> <bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor"/> <tx:annotation-driven/> <bean id="clientService" class="com.jameselsey.salestracker.service.ClientService"/> </beans> My JPA DAO looks like this public class JpaDao extends JpaDaoSupport { protected <T> List<T> findAll(Class<T> clazz) { return getJpaTemplate().find("select c from " + clazz.getName() + " c"); } protected <T> T findOne(String jpql, Map params) { List<T> results = getJpaTemplate().findByNamedParams(jpql, params); if(results.isEmpty()) { return null; } if(results.size() > 1) { throw new IncorrectResultSizeDataAccessException(1, results.size()); } return results.get(0); } } And an example implemented method looks like this : @Override public Client getClientById(Integer clientId) { String jpql = "SELECT c " + "FROM com.jameselsey.salestracker.domain.Client c " + "WHERE c.id = " + clientId; return (Client) getJpaTemplate().find(jpql).get(0); } Like I say, this works ok on Glassfish/MySQL, is it possible this error could be a red herring to something else?

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  • How can I test if an oriented rectangle contains another oriented rectangle?

    - by gronzzz
    I have the following situation: To detect whether is the red rectangle is inside orange area I use this function: - (BOOL)isTile:(CGPoint)tile insideCustomAreaMin:(CGPoint)min max:(CGPoint)max { if ((tile.x < min.x) || (tile.x > max.x) || (tile.y < min.y) || (tile.y > max.y)) { NSLog(@" Object is out of custom area! "); return NO; } return YES; } But what if I need to detect whether the red tile is inside of the blue rectangle? I wrote this function which uses the world position: - (BOOL)isTileInsidePlayableArea:(CGPoint)tile { // get world positions from tiles CGPoint rt = [[CoordinateFunctions shared] worldFromTile:ccp(24, 0)]; CGPoint lb = [[CoordinateFunctions shared] worldFromTile:ccp(24, 48)]; CGPoint worldTile = [[CoordinateFunctions shared] worldFromTile:tile]; return [self isTile:worldTile insideCustomAreaMin:ccp(lb.x, lb.y) max:ccp(rt.x, rt.y)]; } How could I do this without converting to the global position of the tiles?

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  • Collision detection of convex shapes on voxel terrain

    - by Dave
    I have some standard convex shapes (cubes, capsules) on a voxel terrain. It is very easy to detect single vertex collisions. However, it becomes computationally expensive when many vertices are involved. To clarify, currently my algorithm represents a cube as multiple vertices covering every face of the cube, not just the corners. This is because the cubes can be much bigger than the voxels, so multiple sample points (vertices) are required (the distance between sample points must be at least the width of a voxel). This very rapidly becomes intractable. It would be great if there were some standard algorithm(s) for collision detection between convex shapes and arbitrary voxel based terrain (like there is with OBB's and seperating axis theorem etc). Any help much appreciated.

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  • Drawing multiple Textures as tilemap

    - by DocJones
    I am trying to draw a 2d game map and the objects on the map in a single pass. Here is my OpenGL initialization code // Turn off unnecessary operations glDisable(GL_DEPTH_TEST); glDisable(GL_LIGHTING); glDisable(GL_CULL_FACE); glDisable(GL_STENCIL_TEST); glDisable(GL_DITHER); glEnable(GL_BLEND); glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D); // activate pointer to vertex & texture array glEnableClientState(GL_VERTEX_ARRAY); glEnableClientState(GL_TEXTURE_COORD_ARRAY); My drawing code is being called by a NSTimer every 1/60 s. Here is the drawing code of my world object: - (void) draw:(NSRect)rect withTimedDelta:(double)d { GLint *t; glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0); glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, [_textureManager textureByName:@"blocks"]); glTexEnvi(GL_TEXTURE_ENV, GL_TEXTURE_ENV_MODE, GL_REPLACE); for (int x=0; x<[_map getWidth] ; x++) { for (int y=0; y<[_map getHeight] ; y++) { GLint v[] = { 16*x ,16*y, 16*x+16,16*y, 16*x+16,16*y+16, 16*x ,16*y+16 }; t=[_textureManager getBlockWithNumber:[_map getBlockAtX:x andY:y]]; glVertexPointer(2, GL_INT, 0, v); glTexCoordPointer(2, GL_INT, 0, t); glDrawArrays(GL_QUADS, 0, 4); } } } (_textureManager is a Singelton only loading a texture once!) The object drawing codes is identical (except the nested loops) in terms of OpenGL calls: - (void) drawWithTimedDelta:(double)d { GLint *t; GLint v[] = { 16*xpos ,16*ypos, 16*xpos+16,16*ypos, 16*xpos+16,16*ypos+16, 16*xpos ,16*ypos+16 }; glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, [_textureManager textureByName:_textureName]); t=[_textureManager getBlockWithNumber:12]; glVertexPointer(2, GL_INT, 0, v); glTexCoordPointer(2, GL_INT, 0, t); glDrawArrays(GL_QUADS, 0, 4); } As soon as my central drawing routine calls the two drawing methods the second call overlays the first one. i would expect the call to world.draw to draw the map and "stamp" the objects upon it. Debugging shows me, that the first call is performed correctly (world is being drawn), but the following call to all objects ONLY draws the objects, the rest of the scene is getting black. I think i need to blend the drawn textures, but i cant seem to figure out how. Any help is appreciated. Thanks PS: Here is the github link to the project. It may not be in sync of my post here, but for some more in-depth analysis it may help.

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  • Texture the quad with different parts of texture

    - by PolGraphic
    I have a 2D quad. Let say it's position is (5,10) and size is (7,11). I want to texture it with one texture, but using three different parts of it. I want to texture the part of quad from x = 5 to x = 7 with part of texture from U = 0 to U = 0.5 (replaying it after achieving 0.5, so I will have 4 same 0.5-lenght fragments). The second one with some other part of texture (also repeating it) and third in the same style. But, how to achieve it? I know that: float2 tc = fmod(input.TexCoord, textureCoordinates.zw - textureCoordinates.xy) + textureCoordinates.xy; //textureCoordinates.xy = fragments' offset Will give me the texture part replaying.

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  • Literature for Inverse Kinematics: Joint Limits and beyond

    - by Jeff
    Recently I've been playing around with Inverse Kinematics and have been pretty impressed with the results. Naturally I want to take it further, but have no clue where to start. In particular, I would like to introduce joint limits (ie for a prismatic joint how far it can move, hinge joint what angles it has to be between, etc etc). Currently I understand how to produce the Jacobian matrix for the various joint types. I am particularly looking for literature (preferably free, and preferably easy to understand) on various ways to implement joint limits. Also I would like to find out different ideas on how inverse kinematics can be used.

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  • Bot strategy in an arena

    - by joulesm
    I am writing the player's behavior for an arena game, and I'm wondering if you could offer some strategies. I'm writing it in Python, but I'm just interested in the high level game play. Here are the game aspects: Arena is a circle of a given size. The arena's size shrinks every round to help break any ties. Players are much smaller circles, and can be on teams of 1 or 2 players. Players attack by colliding with other players, and based on the physics of the collision (speed of both players, angle), one could force another player out of the arena. Once a player is out of the arena, they are out of the game (for that round). The goal is to be on the only team with players left in the arena. All other players have been pushed (through collisions or mistakes) out of the arena. It is possible for there to be no winner if the last two players exit the arena at the same time. Once the player has been programmed, the game just runs. There is no human intervention in the game. I'm thinking it's easiest to implement a few simple programmatic rules for my player to follow. For example, stay close to center of the arena, attack opponents from the inner side of the arena, etc. Are there any good simple game strategies? Would adding a random aspect to the game help? For example, to avoid predictability by the other team or something. Thanks in advance.

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  • Moving around/avoiding obstacles

    - by János Harsányi
    I would like to write a "game", where you can place an obstacle (red), and then the black dot tries to avoid it, and get to the green target. I'm using a very easy way to avoid it, if the black dot is close to the red, it changes its direction, and moves for a while, then it moves forward to the green point. How could I create a "smooth" path for the computer controlled "player"? Edit: Not the smoothness is the main point, but to avoid the red blocking "wall" and not to crash into it and then avoid it. How could I implement some path finding algorithm if I just have basically 3 points? (And what would it make the things much more complicated, if you could place multiple obstacles?)

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  • convert image to spritesheet of tiles for isometric map?

    - by Paul
    is there a way to convert an isometric image (like the first image) to a spritesheet (like the second image), in order to place each image on the isometric map with the code? The map looks like the first image, but some buildings are bigger than just one tile, so I need several squares (let's say the first image is a building, made of multiple tiles with different colors), and each square is placed with an offset of 64x32. The building is created in Blender and I save the image with the isometric perspective. But I have to split each square from this image in order to have the spritesheet, maybe there is smarter way, or a java software that would make the conversion for me?

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  • How to make this game loop deterministic

    - by Lanaru
    I am using the following game loop for my pacman clone: long prevTime = System.currentTimeMillis(); while (running) { long curTime = System.currentTimeMillis(); float frameTime = (curTime - prevTime) / 1000f; prevTime = curTime; while (frameTime > 0.0f) { final float deltaTime = Math.min(frameTime, TIME_STEP); update(deltaTime); frameTime -= deltaTime; } repaint(); } The thing is, I don't always get the same ghost movement every time I run the game (their logic is deterministic), so it must be the game loop. I imagine it's due to the final float deltaTime = Math.min(frameTime, TIME_STEP); line. What's the best way of modifying this to perform the exact same way every time I run it? Also, any further improvements I can make?

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  • Java - 2d Array Tile Map Collision

    - by Corey
    How would I go about making certain tiles in my array collide with my player? Like say I want every number 2 in the array to collide. I am reading my array from a txt file if that matters and I am using the slick2d library. Here is my code if needed. public class Tiles { Image[] tiles = new Image[3]; int[][] map = new int[500][500]; Image grass, dirt, mound; SpriteSheet tileSheet; int tileWidth = 32; int tileHeight = 32; public void init() throws IOException, SlickException { tileSheet = new SpriteSheet("assets/tiles.png", tileWidth, tileHeight); grass = tileSheet.getSprite(0, 0); dirt = tileSheet.getSprite(7, 7); mound = tileSheet.getSprite(2, 6); tiles[0] = grass; tiles[1] = dirt; tiles[2] = mound; int x=0, y=0; BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("assets/map.txt")); String line; while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) { String[] values = line.split(","); for (String str : values) { int str_int = Integer.parseInt(str); map[x][y]=str_int; //System.out.print(map[x][y] + " "); y=y+1; } //System.out.println(""); x=x+1; y = 0; } in.close(); } public void update() { } public void render(GameContainer gc) { for(int x = 0; x < 50; x++) { for(int y = 0; y < 50; y ++) { int textureIndex = map[y][x]; Image texture = tiles[textureIndex]; texture.draw(x*tileWidth,y*tileHeight); } } } } I tried something like this, but I it doesn't ever "collide". X and y are my player position. if (tiles.map[(int)x/32][(int)y/32] == 2) { System.out.println("Collided"); }

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  • 2D Planet Gravity

    - by baked
    I'm trying to make a simple game where a spaceship is launched and then its path is effected by the gravity of planets. Similar to this game: http://sciencenetlinks.com/interactives/gravity.html I wish to know how to replicate the effect the planets have on the spaceship in this game so a spaceship can 'loop' around a planet to change direction. I have managed to achieve some bogus results where the spaceship loops in a huge ellipse around the planet or is only slightly affected by the gravity of a planet using Vectors. Thanks in advance. p.s I have plenty of coding experience just none to do with game dev.

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  • Problems with texture orientation in space

    - by frankie
    I am currently drawing texture in 3D space and have some problems with it's orientation. I'd like me textures always to be oriented with front face to user. My desirable result looks like Note, that text size stay without changes when we rotating world and stay oriented with front face to user. Now I can draw text in 3D space, but it is not oriented with front but rotating with world. Such results I got with following shaders: Vertex Shader uniform vec3 Position; void main() { gl_Position = vec4(Position, 1.0); } Geometry Shader layout(points) in; layout(triangle_strip, max_vertices = 4) out; out vec2 fsTextureCoordinates; uniform mat4 projectionMatrix; uniform mat4 modelViewMatrix; uniform sampler2D og_texture0; uniform float og_highResolutionSnapScale; uniform vec2 u_originScale; void main() { vec2 halfSize = vec2(textureSize(og_texture0, 0)) * 0.5 * og_highResolutionSnapScale; vec4 center = gl_in[0].gl_Position; center.xy += (u_originScale * halfSize); vec4 v0 = vec4(center.xy - halfSize, center.z, 1.0); vec4 v1 = vec4(center.xy + vec2(halfSize.x, -halfSize.y), center.z, 1.0); vec4 v2 = vec4(center.xy + vec2(-halfSize.x, halfSize.y), center.z, 1.0); vec4 v3 = vec4(center.xy + halfSize, center.z, 1.0); gl_Position = projectionMatrix * modelViewMatrix * v0; fsTextureCoordinates = vec2(0.0, 0.0); EmitVertex(); gl_Position = projectionMatrix * modelViewMatrix * v1; fsTextureCoordinates = vec2(1.0, 0.0); EmitVertex(); gl_Position = projectionMatrix * modelViewMatrix * v2; fsTextureCoordinates = vec2(0.0, 1.0); EmitVertex(); gl_Position = projectionMatrix * modelViewMatrix * v3; fsTextureCoordinates = vec2(1.0, 1.0); EmitVertex(); } Fragment Shader in vec2 fsTextureCoordinates; out vec4 fragmentColor; uniform sampler2D og_texture0; uniform vec3 u_color; void main() { vec4 color = texture(og_texture0, fsTextureCoordinates); if (color.a == 0.0) { discard; } fragmentColor = vec4(color.rgb * u_color.rgb, color.a); } Any ideas how to get my desirable result? EDIT 1: I make edit in my geometry shader and got part of lable drawn on screen at corner. But it is not rotating. .......... vec4 centerProjected = projectionMatrix * modelViewMatrix * center; centerProjected /= centerProjected.w; vec4 v0 = vec4(centerProjected.xy - halfSize, 0.0, 1.0); vec4 v1 = vec4(centerProjected.xy + vec2(halfSize.x, -halfSize.y), 0.0, 1.0); vec4 v2 = vec4(centerProjected.xy + vec2(-halfSize.x, halfSize.y), 0.0, 1.0); vec4 v3 = vec4(centerProjected.xy + halfSize, 0.0, 1.0); gl_Position = og_viewportOrthographicMatrix * v0; ..........

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  • How to update a game off a database

    - by James Clifton
    I am currently writing a sports strategy management game (cricket) in PHP, with a MYSQL database, and I have come across one stumbling block - how do I update games where neither player is online? Cricket is a game played between two players, and when they (or one of them) is online then everything is fine; but what if neither player is online? This occurs when championship games are played, and these games need to happen at certain times for game reasons. At the moment I have a private web page that updates every 5 seconds, and each time it loads all games are updated; but then I have the problem that when my private web page stops (for example my computer crashes or my web browser plays up) the game stops updating! Any suggestions?

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  • What is a simple deformer in which vertices deform linearly with control points?

    - by sebf
    In my project I want to deform a complex mesh, using a simpler 'proxy' mesh. In effect, each vertex of the proxy/collision mesh will be a control point/bone, which should deform the vertices of the main mesh attached to it depending on weight, but where the weight is not dependant on the absolute distance from the control point but rather distance relative to the other affecting control points. The point of this is to preserve complex three dimensional features of the main mesh while using physics implementations which expect something far simpler, low resolution, single surface, etc. Therefore, the vertices must deform linearly with their respective weighted control points (i.e. no falloff fields or all the mesh features will end up collapsed) - as if each vertex was linked to a point on the plane created by the attached control points and deformed with it. I have tried implementing the weight computation algorithm in this paper (page 4) but it is not working as expected and I am wondering if it is really the best way to do what I want. What is the simplest way to 'skin'* an arbitrary mesh, to another arbitrary mesh? *By skin I mean I need an algorithm to determine the best control points for a vertex, and their weights.

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  • Beat detection and FFT

    - by Quincy
    So I am working on a platformer game which includes music with beat detection. I am currently using a simple if the energy that is stored in the history buffer is smaller then the current energy there is a beat. The problem with this is that ofcourse if you use songs like rock songs where you have a pretty steady amplitude this isn't going to work. So I looked further and found algorithms splitting the sound into multiple bands using FFT. I then found this : http://en.literateprograms.org/Cooley-Tukey_FFT_algorithm_(C) The only problem I'm having is that I am quite new to audio and I have no idea how to use that to split the signal up into multiple signals. So my question is : How do you use a FFT to split a signal into multiple bands ? Also for the guys interested, this is my algorithm in c# : // C = threshold, N = size of history buffer / 1024 public void PlaceBeatMarkers(float C, int N) { List<float> instantEnergyList = new List<float>(); short[] samples = soundData.Samples; float timePerSample = 1 / (float)soundData.SampleRate; int sampleIndex = 0; int nextSamples = 1024; // Calculate instant energy for every 1024 samples. while (sampleIndex + nextSamples < samples.Length) { float instantEnergy = 0; for (int i = 0; i < nextSamples; i++) { instantEnergy += Math.Abs((float)samples[sampleIndex + i]); } instantEnergy /= nextSamples; instantEnergyList.Add(instantEnergy); if(sampleIndex + nextSamples >= samples.Length) nextSamples = samples.Length - sampleIndex - 1; sampleIndex += nextSamples; } int index = N; int numInBuffer = index; float historyBuffer = 0; //Fill the history buffer with n * instant energy for (int i = 0; i < index; i++) { historyBuffer += instantEnergyList[i]; } // If instantEnergy / samples in buffer < instantEnergy for the next sample then add beatmarker. while (index + 1 < instantEnergyList.Count) { if(instantEnergyList[index + 1] > (historyBuffer / numInBuffer) * C) beatMarkers.Add((index + 1) * 1024 * timePerSample); historyBuffer -= instantEnergyList[index - numInBuffer]; historyBuffer += instantEnergyList[index + 1]; index++; } }

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  • How to design a replay system

    - by daddz
    So how would I design a replay system? You may know it from certain games like Warcraft 3 or Starcraft where you can watch the game again after it has been played already. You end up with a relatively small replay file. So my questions are: How to save the data? (custom format?) (small filesize) What shall be saved? How to make it generic so it can be used in other games to record a time period (and not a complete match for example)? Make it possible to forward and rewind (WC3 couldn't rewind as far as I remember)

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  • ScreenManagement better practices ?! Textbox not focusing

    - by xykudyax
    I saw a question here using DataTemplates with WPF for ScreenManagement, I was curious and I gave it a try I think the ideia is amazing and very clean. Though I'm new to WPF and I read a lot of times that almost everything should be made in XAML and very little should be "coded behind". My questions resolves about using the datatemplate ideia, WHERE should the code that calls the transitions be? where should I define which commands are avaiable in which screens. For example: [ScreenA] Commands: Pressing B - Goes to state B Pressing ESC - Exits [ScreenB] Commands: Pressing A - Goes to state A Pressing SPACE - Exits where do I define the keyEventHandlers? and where do I call the next screen? I'm doing this as an hobby for learning and "if you are learning, better learn it right" :) Thank you for your time. Yes the Q/A I was talking is: What's a good way to handle game screen management in WPF? What I've done so far was to create a Screen class (derived from UserControl) and create some virtual methods: - one for Initializing stuff (like focus a given component by default) - another for inputHandling I handle it by using a switch case and by listening to the PreviewKeyDown event from the parent container (MainWindow) Im not able to do it another way! Help?!. - and a finally one that removes the keyEvent method (when the screen is terminated) Parent.PreviewKeyDown -= OnKeyDown; am I doing okay? I face a problem. When I add a new screen (userControl) containing a TextBox I'm not able to give it autofocus :/ The Caret is there but is not blinking and I have to hit "TAB" before being able to input anything at all :/

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