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  • Returning object from function

    - by brainydexter
    I am really confused now on how and which method to use to return object from a function. I want some feedback on the solutions for the given requirements. Scenario A: The returned object is to be stored in a variable which need not be modified during its lifetime. Thus, const Foo SomeClass::GetFoo() { return Foo(); } invoked as: someMethod() { const Foo& l_Foo = someClassPInstance->GetFoo(); //... } Scneraio B: The returned object is to be stored in a variable which will be modified during its lifetime. Thus, void SomeClass::GetFoo(Foo& a_Foo_ref) { a_Foo_ref = Foo(); } invoked as: someMethod() { Foo l_Foo; someClassPInstance-GetFoo(l_Foo); //... } I have one question here: Lets say that Foo cannot have a default constructor. Then how would you deal with that in this situation, since we cant write this anymore: Foo l_Foo Scenario C: Foo SomeClass::GetFoo() { return Foo(); } invoked as: someMethod() { Foo l_Foo = someClassPInstance->GetFoo(); //... } I think this is not the recommended approach since it would incur constructing extra temporaries. What do you think ? Also, do you recommend a better way to handle this instead ?

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  • Unable to step into interface implementation configured by unity application block

    - by Rahul
    I have configured a set of interface implementations with EntLib. unity block. The constructor of implementation classes work fine as soon as I run the application: 1. The interface to implement when I run the application the cctor runs fine, which shows that unity resolution was successful: But when I try to call a method of this class, the code just passes through without actually invoking the function of the implemented class: Edit: Added on June 11, 2012 Following is the Unity Configuration I have. (This is all the unity configuration I am doing) public class UnityControllerFactory : DefaultControllerFactory { private static readonly IUnityContainer container; private static UnityControllerFactory factory = null; static UnityControllerFactory() { container = new UnityContainer(); UnityConfigurationSection section = (UnityConfigurationSection)ConfigurationManager.GetSection("unity"); section.Configure(container); factory = new UnityControllerFactory(); } public static UnityControllerFactory GetControllerFactory() { return factory; } protected override IController GetControllerInstance(RequestContext requestContext, Type controllerType) { return container.Resolve(controllerType) as IController; } } I am unable to step into this code and the implementation simply skips out without executing anything. What is wrong here?

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  • Java KeyListener in separate class

    - by Chris
    So I have my main class here, where basically creates a new jframe and adds a world object to it. The world object is basically where all drawing and keylistening would take place... public class Blobs extends JFrame{ public Blobs() { super("Blobs :) - By Chris Tanaka"); setVisible(true); setResizable(false); setSize(1000, 1000); setIgnoreRepaint(true); setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE); add(new World()); } public static void main(String[] args) { new Blobs(); } } How exactly would you get key input from the world class? (So far I have my world class extending a jpanel and implementing a keylistener. In the constructor i addKeyListener(this). I also have these methods since they are auto implemented: public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) { if (e.getKeyCode() == KeyEvent.VK_W) System.out.println("Hi"); } public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) {} public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) {} However this does not seem to work?

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  • Textfield - what is wxTextCtrlNameStr?

    - by Wallter
    I'm trying to create a basic wxWidgets program with a text entry box, in the constructor there is a variable wxTextCtrlNameStr - in researching I can't seem to find wxTextCtrlNameStr? any help? wxTextCtrl(wxWindow* parent, wxWindowID id, const wxString& value = "", const wxPoint& pos = wxDefaultPosition, const wxSize& size = wxDefaultSize, long style = 0, const wxValidator& validator = wxDefaultValidator, const wxString& name = wxTextCtrlNameStr) My Code: MainFrame::MainFrame(const wxString& title) : wxFrame(NULL, wxID_ANY, title) { wxButton * Centigrade = new wxButton(this, BUTTON_CENTIGRADE, _T("to Centigrade"), wxPoint(20, 20), wxDefaultSize, 0); wxButton * Fahrenheit = new wxButton(this, BUTTON_FAHRENHEIT, _T("to Fahrenheit"), wxPoint(20, 40), wxDefaultSize, 0); F_txt = new wxTextCtrl(this, TXT_F_Main, "0", wxDefaultPosition, wxDefaultSize, wxDefaultValidator, wxTextCtrlNameStr); /***********************************************/ C_txt = new wxTextCtrl(this, TXT_C_Main, "0", wxDefaultPosition, wxDefaultSize, wxDefaultValidator, wxTextCtrlNameStr); /***********************************************/ ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

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  • Jasmine testing coffeescript expect(setTimeout).toHaveBeenCalledWith

    - by Lee Quarella
    In the process of learning Jasmine, I've come to this issue. I want a basic function to run, then set a timeout to call itself again... simple stuff. class @LoopObj constructor: -> loop: (interval) -> #do some stuff setTimeout((=>@loop(interval)), interval) But I want to test to make sure the setTimeout was called with the proper args describe "loop", -> xit "does nifty things", -> it "loops at a given interval", -> my_nifty_loop = new LoopObj interval = 10 spyOn(window, "setTimeout") my_nifty_loop.loop(interval) expect(setTimeout).toHaveBeenCalledWith((-> my_nifty_loop.loop(interval)), interval) I get this error: Expected spy setTimeout to have been called with [ Function, 10 ] but was called with [ [ Function, 10 ] ] Is this because the (-> my_nifty_loop.loop(interval)) function does not equal the (=>@loop(interval)) function? Or does it have something to do with the extra square brackets around the second [ [ Function, 10 ] ]? Something else altogther? Where have I gone wrong?

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  • Can I get rid of this read lock?

    - by Pieter
    I have the following helper class (simplified): public static class Cache { private static readonly object _syncRoot = new object(); private static Dictionary<Type, string> _lookup = new Dictionary<Type, string>(); public static void Add(Type type, string value) { lock (_syncRoot) { _lookup.Add(type, value); } } public static string Lookup(Type type) { string result; lock (_syncRoot) { _lookup.TryGetValue(type, out result); } return result; } } Add will be called roughly 10/100 times in the application and Lookup will be called by many threads, many of thousands of times. What I would like is to get rid of the read lock. How do you normally get rid of the read lock in this situation? I have the following ideas: Require that _lookup is stable before the application starts operation. The could be build up from an Attribute. This is done automatically through the static constructor the attribute is assigned to. Requiring the above would require me to go through all types that could have the attribute and calling RuntimeHelpers.RunClassConstructor which is an expensive operation; Move to COW semantics. public static void Add(Type type, string value) { lock (_syncRoot) { var lookup = new Dictionary<Type, string>(_lookup); lookup.Add(type, value); _lookup = lookup; } } (With the lock (_syncRoot) removed in the Lookup method.) The problem with this is that this uses an unnecessary amount of memory (which might not be a problem) and I would probably make _lookup volatile, but I'm not sure how this should be applied. (John Skeets' comment here gives me pause.) Using ReaderWriterLock. I believe this would make things worse since the region being locked is small. Suggestions are very welcome.

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  • Immutable classes in C++

    - by ereOn
    Hi, In one of my projects, I have some classes that represent entities that cannot change once created, aka. immutable classes. Example : A class RSAKey that represent a RSA key which only has const methods. There is no point changing the existing instance: if you need another one, you just create one. My objects sometimes are heavy and I enforced the use of smart pointers to avoid copy. So far, I have the following pattern for my classes: class RSAKey : public boost::noncopyable, public boost::enable_shared_from_this<RSAKey> { public: /** * \brief Some factory. * \param member A member value. * \return An instance. */ static boost::shared_ptr<const RSAKey> createFromMember(int member); /** * \brief Get a member. * \return The member. */ int getMember() const; private: /** * \brief Constructor. * \param member A member. */ RSAKey(int member); /** * \brief Member. */ const int m_member; }; So you can only get a pointer (well, a smart pointer) to a const RSAKey. To me, it makes sense, because having a non-const reference to the instance is useless (it only has const methods). Do you guys see any issue regarding this pattern ? Are immutable classes something common in C++ or did I just created a monster ? Thank you for your advices !

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  • How is a functional programming-based javascript app laid out?

    - by user321521
    I've been working with node.js for awhile on a chat app (I know, very original, but I figured it'd be a good learning project). Underscore.js provides a lot of functional programming concepts which look interesting, so I'd like to understand how a functional program in javascript would be setup. From my understanding of functional programming (which may be wrong), the whole idea is to avoid side effects, which are basically having a function which updates another variable outside of the function so something like var external; function foo() { external = 'bar'; } foo(); would be creating a side effect, correct? So as a general rule, you want to avoid disturbing variables in the global scope. Ok, so how does that work when you're dealing with objects and what not? For example, a lot of times, I'll have a constructor and an init method that initializes the object, like so: var Foo = function(initVars) { this.init(initVars); } Foo.prototype.init = function(initVars) { this.bar1 = initVars['bar1']; this.bar2 = initVars['bar2']; //.... } var myFoo = new Foo({'bar1': '1', 'bar2': '2'}); So my init method is intentionally causing side effects, but what would be a functional way to handle the same sort of situation? Also, if anyone could point me to either a python or javascript source code of a program that tries to be as functional as possible, that would also be much appreciated. I feel like I'm close to "getting it", but I'm just not quite there. Mainly I'm interested in how functional programming works with traditional OOP classes concept (or does away with it for something different if that's the case).

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  • Access modifiers - Property on business objects - getting and setting

    - by Mike
    Hi, I am using LINQ to SQL for the DataAccess layer. I have similar business objects to what is in the data access layer. I have got the dataprovider getting the message #23. On instantiation of the message, in the message constructor, it gets the MessageType and makes a new instance of MessageType class and fills in the MessageType information from the database. Therefore; I want this to get the Name of the MessageType of the Message. user.Messages[23].MessageType.Name I also want an administrator to set the MessageType user.Messages[23].MessageType = MessageTypes.LoadType(3); but I don't want the user to publicly set the MessageType.Name. But when I make a new MessageType instance, the access modifier for the Name property is public because I want to set that from an external class (my data access layer). I could change this to property to internal, so that my class can access it like a public variable, and not allow my other application access to modify it. This still doesn't feel right as it seems like a public property. Are public access modifiers in this situation bad? Any tips or suggestions would be appreciated. Thanks.

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  • Make Errors: Missing Includes in C++ Script?

    - by Abs
    Hello all, I just got help in how to compile this script a few mintues ago on SO but I have managed to get errors. I am only a beginner in C++ and have no idea what the below erros means or how to fix it. This is the script in question. I have read the comments from some users suggesting they changed the #include parts but it seems to be exactly what the script has, see this comment. [root@localhost wkthumb]# qmake-qt4 && make g++ -c -pipe -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -m32 -march=i386 -mtune=generic -fasynchronous-unwind-tables -Wall -W -D_REENTRANT -DQT_NO_DEBUG -DQT_GUI_LIB -DQT_CORE_LIB -I/usr/lib/qt4/mkspecs/linux-g++ -I. -I/usr/include/QtCore -I/usr/include/QtGui -I/usr/include -I. -I. -I. -o main.o main.cpp main.cpp:5:20: error: QWebView: No such file or directory main.cpp:6:21: error: QWebFrame: No such file or directory main.cpp:8: error: expected constructor, destructor, or type conversion before ‘*’ token main.cpp:11: error: ‘QWebView’ has not been declared main.cpp: In function ‘void loadFinished(bool)’: main.cpp:18: error: ‘view’ was not declared in this scope main.cpp:18: error: ‘QWebSettings’ has not been declared main.cpp:19: error: ‘QWebSettings’ has not been declared main.cpp:20: error: ‘QWebSettings’ has not been declared main.cpp: In function ‘int main(int, char**)’: main.cpp:42: error: ‘view’ was not declared in this scope main.cpp:42: error: expected type-specifier before ‘QWebView’ main.cpp:42: error: expected `;' before ‘QWebView’ make: *** [main.o] Error 1 I have the web kit on my Fedora Core 10 machine: qt-4.5.3-9.fc10.i386 qt-devel-4.5.3-9.fc10.i386 Thanks all for any help

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  • Architecting ASP.net MVC App to use repositories and services

    - by zaladane
    Hello, I recently started reading about ASP.net MVC and after getting excited about the concept, i started to migrate all my webform project to MVC but i am having a hard time keeping my controller skinny even after following all the good advices out there (or maybe i just don't get it ... ). The website i deal with has Articles, Videos, Quotes ... and each of these entities have categories, comments, images that can be associated with it. I am using Linq to sql for database operations and for each of these Entities, i have a Repository, and for each repository, i create a service to be used in the controller. so i have - ArticleRepository ArticleCategoryRepository ArticleCommentRepository and the corresponding service ArticleService ArticleCategoryService ... you see the picture. The problem i have is that i have one controller for article,category and comment because i thought that having ArticleController handle all of that might make sense, but now i have to pass all of the services needed to the Controller constructor. So i would like to know what it is that i am doing wrong. Are my services not designed properly? should i create Bigger service to encapsulate smaller services and use them in my controller? or should i have an articleCategory Controller and an articleComment Controller? A page viewed by the user is made of all of that, thee article to be viewed,the comments associated with it, a listing of the categories to witch it applies ... how can i efficiently break down the controller to keep it "skinny" and solve my headache? Thank you! I hope my question is not too long to be read ...

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  • Java inheritance and super() isn't working as expected

    - by dwwilson66
    For a homework assignment, I'm working with the following. It's an assigned class structure, I know it's not the best design by a long shot. Class | Extends | Variables -------------------------------------------------------- Person | None | firstName, lastName, streetAddress, zipCode, phone CollegeEmployee | Person | ssn, salary,deptName Faculty | CollegeEmployee | tenure(boolean) Student | person | GPA,major So in the Faculty class... public class Faculty extends CollegeEmployee { protected String booleanFlag; protected boolean tenured; public Faculty(String firstName, String lastName, String streetAddress, String zipCode, String phoneNumber,String ssn, String department,double salary) { super(firstName,lastName,streetAddress,zipCode,phoneNumber, ssn,department,salary); String booleanFlag = JOptionPane.showInputDialog (null, "Tenured (Y/N)?"); if(booleanFlag.equals("Y")) tenured = true; else tenured = false; } } It was my understanding that super() in Faculty would allow access to the variables in CollegeEmployee as well as Person. With the code above, it compiles fine when I ONLY include the Person variables. As soon as I try to use ssn, department, or salary I get the following compile errors. Faculty.java:15: error: constructor CollegeEmployee in class CollegeEmployee can not be applied to the given types: super(firstName,lastName,streetAddress,zipCode,phoneNumber,ssn,department,salary); ^ Required: String,String,String,String,String Found: String,String,String,String,String,String,String,String reason: actual and formal argument lists differ in length I'm completely confused by this error...which is the actual and formal? Person has five arguments, CollegeEmployee has 3, so my guess is that something's funky with how the parameters are being passed...but I'm not quite sure where to begin fixing it. What am I missing?

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  • Thread Safety of C# List<T> for readers

    - by ILIA BROUDNO
    I am planning to create the list once in a static constructor and then have multiple instances of that class read it (and enumerate through it) concurrently without doing any locking. In this article http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/6sh2ey19.aspx MS describes the issue of thread safety as follows: Public static (Shared in Visual Basic) members of this type are thread safe. Any instance members are not guaranteed to be thread safe. A List can support multiple readers concurrently, as long as the collection is not modified. Enumerating through a collection is intrinsically not a thread-safe procedure. In the rare case where an enumeration contends with one or more write accesses, the only way to ensure thread safety is to lock the collection during the entire enumeration. To allow the collection to be accessed by multiple threads for reading and writing, you must implement your own synchronization. The "Enumerating through a collection is intrinsically not a thread-safe procedure." Statement is what worries me. Does this mean that it is thread safe for readers only scenario, but as long as you do not use enumeration? Or is it safe for my scenario?

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  • SCJP Book, IO section: Is this a typo or is there a reason it would look like this?

    - by iamchuckb
    My question is about line 4, where the new PrintWriter is created with the constructor taking the FileWriter fw as a parameter. I don't understand the use of chaining the BufferedWriter bw to FileWriter if it isn't used later on in the actual writing. Can Java apply chaining in a way that bw still somehow affects the rest of the program? 16. try { 17. FileWriter fw = new FileWriter(test); 18. BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(fw, 1024); 19. PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(fw); 20. out.println("<html><body><h1>"); 21. out.println(args[0]); 22. out.println("</h1></body></html>"); 23. out.close(); 24. bw.close(); 25. fw.close(); 26. }catch(IOException e) { 27. e.printStackTrace(); 28. } I think it is probably a typo and they meant to use bw as the parameter for PrintWriter out but like the title says, I'm new to this. Thanks to all in advance.

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  • Which design pattern is most appropriate?

    - by Anon
    Hello, I want to create a class that can use one of four algorithms (and the algorithm to use is only known at run-time). I was thinking that the Strategy design pattern sounds appropriate, but my problem is that each algorithm requires slightly different parameters. Would it be a bad design to use strategy, but pass in the relevant parameters into the constructor?. Here is an example (for simplicity, let's say there are only two possible algorithms) ... class Foo { private: // At run-time the correct algorithm is used, e.g. a = new Algorithm1(1); AlgorithmInterface* a; }; class AlgorithmInterface { public: virtual void DoSomething = 0; }; class Algorithm1 : public AlgorithmInterface { public: Algorithm1( int i ) : value(i) {} virtual void DoSomething(){ // Does something with int value }; int value; }; class Algorithm2 : public AlgorithmInterface { public: Algorithm2( bool b ) : value(b) {} virtual void DoSomething(){ // Do something with bool value }; bool value; };

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  • Accessing Web.config directly in ASP.NET MVC 1

    - by Neil T.
    I'm trying to implement integration testing in my ASP.NET MVC 1.0 solution. The technologies in use are LINQ-to-SQL, NUnit and WatiN. I recently discovered a pattern that will allow me to create a testing version of the database on the fly without modifying the development version of the database. I needed this behavior in order to run my user interface tests in WatiN that may modify the database. The plan is to modify the connection string in the Web.config file, and pass that new connection string to the DataContext constructor. This way, I don't have to add routes or modify my URLs in order to perform the integration testing. I've set up the project so that the test setup can modify the connection string to point to the test database when the tests are running. The connection string is stored in web.config. The problem I'm having is that when I try to run the tests, I get a NullReferenceException when trying to access the HTTPContext. From everything that I have read so far, the HTTPContext is only available within the context of a controller. Here is the code for the property that is supposed to give me the reference to the Web.config file: private System.Configuration.Configuration WebConfig { get { ExeConfigurationFileMap fileMap = new ExeConfigurationFileMap(); // NullReferenceException occurs on this line. fileMap.ExeConfigFilename = HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath("~\\web.config"); System.Configuration.Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenMappedExeConfiguration(fileMap, ConfigurationUserLevel.None); return config; } } Is there something that I am missing in order to make this work? Is there a better way to accomplish what I'm trying to achieve?

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  • Is context:annotation-config an alternative to @AutoWired?

    - by Antacid
    Is it correct that I can put context:annotation-config in my XML config and it will automatically inject the bean class without needing any annotations? So instead of using these annotation types: public class Mailman { private String name; @Autowired private Parcel Parcel; public Mailman(String name) { this.name = name; } @Autowired public void setParcel(Parcel Parcel) { this.Parcel = Parcel; } @Autowired public void directionsToParcel(Parcel Parcel) { this.Parcel = Parcel; } } I would just need to write this: <beans ... > <bean id="mailMan" class="MailMan"> <constructor-arg value="John Doe"/> </bean> <bean id="parcel" class="Parcel" /> <context:annotation-config /> </beans> and then my MailMan class would look a lot simpler without the need for annotations: public class Mailman { private String name; private Parcel Parcel; public Mailman(String name) { this.name = name; } }

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  • Mutual class instances in C++

    - by SepiDev
    Hi guys. What is the issue with this code? Here we have two files: classA.h and classB.h classA.h: #ifndef _class_a_h_ #define _class_a_h_ #include "classB.h" class B; //???? class A { public: A() { ptr_b = new B(); //???? } virtual ~A() { if(ptr_b) delete ptr_b; //???? num_a = 0; } int num_a; B* ptr_b; //???? }; #endif //_class_a_h_ classB.h: #ifndef _class_b_h_ #define _class_b_h_ #include "classA.h" class A; //???? class B { public: B() { ptr_a = new A(); //???? num_b = 0; } virtual ~B() { if(ptr_a) delete ptr_a; //???? } int num_b; A* ptr_a; //???? }; #endif //_class_b_h_ when I try to compile it, the compiler (g++) says: classB.h: In constructor ‘B::B()’: classB.h:12: error: invalid use of incomplete type ‘struct A’ classB.h:6: error: forward declaration of ‘struct A’ classB.h: In destructor ‘virtual B::~B()’: classB.h:16: warning: possible problem detected in invocation of delete operator: classB.h:16: warning: invalid use of incomplete type ‘struct A’ classB.h:6: warning: forward declaration of ‘struct A’ classB.h:16: note: neither the destructor nor the class-specific operator delete will be called, even if they are declared when the class is defined.

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  • Fastest Java way to remove the first/top line of a file (like a stack)

    - by christangrant
    I am trying to improve an external sort implementation in java. I have a bunch of BufferedReader objects open for temporary files. I repeatedly remove the top line from each of these files. This pushes the limits of the Java's Heap. I would like a more scalable method of doing this without loosing speed because of a bunch of constructor calls. One solution is to only open files when they are needed, then read the first line and then delete it. But I am afraid that this will be significantly slower. So using Java libraries what is the most efficient method of doing this. --Edit-- For external sort, the usual method is to break a large file up into several chunk files. Sort each of the chunks. And then treat the sorted files like buffers, pop the top item from each file, the smallest of all those is the global minimum. Then continue until for all items. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/External_sorting My temporary files (buffers) are basically BufferedReader objects. The operations performed on these files are the same as stack/queue operations (peek and pop, no push needed). I am trying to make these peek and pop operations more efficient. This is because using many BufferedReader objects takes up too much space.

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  • Adding an ASP.NET Web User Control to a Control Dynamically

    - by RandomBen
    I have a simple ASP.NET Web User Control. It looks like this: <%@ Control Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="NewsArticle.ascx.cs" Inherits="Website.Controls.NewsArticle" %> <div> <asp:Literal ID="ltlBody" runat="server" /> </div> My code behind looks like this: namespace Website.Controls { public partial class NewsArticle : System.Web.UI.UserControl { public String bodyText { //get { return ltlBody.Text; } set { ltlBody.Text = value; } } } } On a .aspx page I have <asp:Panel ID="pNews" runat="server" /> In the code behind I have: foreach (vwNews news in newsQuery) { NewsArticle article = new NewsArticle(); aticle.bodyText = news.Body; pNews.Controls.Add(article); } Every time I run this code the newsQuery is populated correctly and I get to the line aticle.bodyText = news.Body; and then I received the error article.bodyText threw an exception of type 'System.NullReferenceException' I am not sure what is causing this error message or how to fix it. I would think that there should not be an issue. I tried creating a constructor for my Web User Control so that it would give default values to my properties but that didn't work. Any idea how to make this work? It doesn't seem like it should be that

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  • How to create a generic C free function .

    - by nomemory
    I have some C structures related to a 'list' data structure. They look like this. struct nmlist_element_s { void *data; struct nmlist_element_s *next; }; typedef struct nmlist_element_s nmlist_element; struct nmlist_s { void (*destructor)(void *data); int (*cmp)(const void *e1, const void *e2); unsigned int size; nmlist_element *head; nmlist_element *tail; }; typedef struct nmlist_s nmlist; This way I can have different data types being hold in "nmlist_element-data" . The "constructor" (in terms of OOP) has the following signature: nmlist *nmlist_alloc(void (*destructor)(void *data)); Where "destructor" is specific function that de-allocated "data" (being hold by the nmlist_element). If I want to have a list containing integers as data, my "destructor" would like this: void int_destructor(void *data) { free((int*)data); } Still i find it rather "unfriendly" for me to write a destructor functions for every simple primitive data type. So is there a trick to write something like this ? (for primitives): void "x"_destructor(void *data, "x") { free(("x" *)data); } PS: I am not a macro fan myself, and in my short experience regarding C, i don't use them, unless necessary.

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  • Java - How to declare table[i][j] elements as instance variables?

    - by JDelage
    All, I am trying to code a Connect4 game. For this, I have created a P4Game class and a P4Board class which represents the i X j dimensions of the Connect4 board. In P4Game, I have the following: public class P4Game{ //INSTANCE VARIABLES private int nbLines; private int nbColumns; private P4Board [][] position; //CONSTRUCTOR public P4Game(int nbLines, int nbColumns){ this.nbColumns = nbColumns; this.nbLines = nbLines; P4Board [][] position = new P4Board [nbLines][nbColumns]; //Creates the table to receive the instances of the P4Board object.*/ for (int i=0; i<nbLines; i++){ for (int j=0; j<nbColumns; j++){ this.position[i][j] = new P4Board(i,j); //Meant to create each object at (line=i, column=j) } } } This causes a NullPointerException in the nested loops where I mention this.position[i][j]. I reference those objects in other methods of this class so I need them to be instance variables. I suppose the exception is due to the fact that I have not listed the table element position[i][j] as an instance variable at the beginning of the class. my question to people here is (1) is my assumption correct, and if so (2) what would be the syntax to declare instance variables of this form? Thank you all for your help with what I realize is a very basic question. Hopefully it will also benefit other newbies. Cheers, JDelage

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  • Difficulty porting raw PCM output code from Java to Android AudioTrack API.

    - by IndigoParadox
    I'm attempting to port an application that plays chiptunes (NSF, SPC, etc) music files from Java SE to Android. The Android API seems to lack the javax multimedia classes that this application uses to output raw PCM audio. The closest analog I've found in the API is AudioTrack and so I've been wrestling with that. However, when I try to run one of my sample music files through my port-in-progress, all I get back is static. My suspicion is that it's the AudioTrack I've setup which is at fault. I've tried various different constructors but it all just outputs static in the end. The DataLine setup in the original code is something like: AudioFormat audioFormat = new AudioFormat( AudioFormat.Encoding.PCM_SIGNED, 44100, 16, 2, 4, 44100, true ); DataLine.Info lineInfo = new DataLine.Info( SourceDataLine.class, audioFormat ); DataLine line = (SourceDataLine)AudioSystem.getLine( lineInfo ); The constructor I'm using right now is: AudioTrack = new AudioTrack( AudioManager.STREAM_MUSIC, 44100, AudioFormat.CHANNEL_CONFIGURATION_STEREO, AudioFormat.ENCODING_PCM_16BIT, AudioTrack.getMinBufferSize( 44100, AudioFormat.CHANNEL_CONFIGURATION_STEREO, AudioFormat.ENCODING_PCM_16BIT ), AudioTrack.MODE_STREAM ); I've replaced constants and variables in those so they make sense as concisely as possible, but my basic question is if there are any obvious problems in the assumptions I made when going from one format to the other.

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  • Usage Rails 3.0 beta 3 without ActiveRecord ORM

    - by Anton
    Hi everybody! Just installed Rails 3.0 beta 3 in Windows 7. And started playing with some easy examples class SignupController < ApplicationController def index @user = User.new(params[:user]) if method.post? and @user.save redirect_to :root end end end class User def initialize(params = {}) @email = params[:email] @passw = params[:password] end def save end end <div align="center"> <% form_for :user do |form| %> <%= form.label :email %> <%= form.text_field :email %><br /> <%= form.label :password %> <%= form.text_field :password %><br /> <%= form.submit :Register! %> <% end %> </div> When I go to /signup I'm getting this error ArgumentError in SignupController#index wrong number of arguments(0 for 1) Is there a problem with constructor or what's wrong?Please, need your help!

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  • Class design when working with dataset

    - by MC
    If you have to retrieve data from a database and bring this dataset to the client, and then allow the user to manipulate the data in various ways before updating the database again, what is a good class design for this if the data tables will not have a 1:1 relationship with the class objects? Here are some I came up with: Just manipulate the DataSet itself on the client and then send it back to the database as is. This will work though obviously the code will be very dirty and not well-structured. Same as #1, but wrap the dataset code around classes. What I mean is that you may have a class that takes a dataset or a datatable in its constructor, and then provides public methods and properties to simplify the code. Inside these methods and properties it will be reading or manipulating the dataset. To update the database afterwards will be easy because you already have the updated dataset. Get rid of the dataset entirely on the client, convert to objects, then convert back to a dataset when needing to update the database. Is there any good resources where I can find information on this?

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