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  • Surface normal to screen angle

    - by Tannz0rz
    I've been struggling to get this working. I simply wish to take a surface normal and convert it to a screen angle. As an example, assuming we're working with the highlighted surface on the sphere below, where the arrow is the normal, the 2D angle would obviously be PI/4 radians. Here's one of the many things I've tried to no avail: float4 A = v.vertex; float4 B = v.vertex + float4(v.normal, 0.0); A = mul(VP, A); B = mul(VP, B); A.xy = (0.5 * (A.xy / A.w)) + 0.5; B.xy = (0.5 * (B.xy / B.w)) + 0.5; o.theta = atan2(B.y - A.y, B.x - A.x); I'm finally at my wit's end. Thanks for any and all help.

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  • Making more complicated systems(entity-component-system model question)

    - by winch
    I'm using a model where entities are collections of components and components are just data. All the logic goes into systems which operate on components. Making basic systems(for Rendering and handling collision) was easy. But how do I do more compilcated systems? For example, in a CollisionSystem I can check if entity A collides with entity B. I have this code in CollisionSystem for checking if B damages A: if(collides(a, b)) { HealthComponent* hc = a->get<HealthComponent(); hc.reduceHealth(b->get<DamageComponent>()->getDamage()); But I feel that this code shouldn't belong to Collision system. Where should code like this be and which additional systems should I create to make this code generic?

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  • Best practices of texture size

    - by psal
    I wanted to know how should I determine a good texture size ? Currently, I always create UV texture that are 1024x1024px but if I create for example, a big house with a 1024px texture size, it will looks pretty bad. So, should I create different texture size (512, 1024, ...) for different mesh size like this ? : or is it better to always do high-resolution texture and then reduce it in the software (ie : increase the LODBias settings in UDK reduce the size of the texture) ? Thanks for your answer. ps : sorry for my english !

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  • Rotating multiple points at once in 2D

    - by Deukalion
    I currently have an editor that creates shapes out of (X, Y) coordinates and then triangulate that to make up a shape of those points. What will I have to do to rotate all of those points simultaneously? Say I click the screen in my editor, it locates the point where I've clicked and if I move the mouse up or down from that point it calculates rotation on X and Y axis depending on new position relevant to first position, say I move up 10 on the Y axis it rotates that way and the same way for X. Or simply, somehow to enter rotation degree: 90, 180, 270, 360, for example. I use VertexPositionColor at the moment. What are the best algorithms or methods that I can look at to rotate multiple points in 2D at once? Also: Since this is an editor I do now want to rotate it on the Matrix, so if I want to rotate the whole shape 180 degree that's the new "position" of all the points, so that's the new rotation = 0 for example. Later on I probably will use World Matrix rotation for this, but not now.

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  • How do I show a minimap in a 3D world?

    - by Bubblewrap
    Got a really typical use-case here. I have large map made up of hexagons and at any given time only a small section of the map is visible. To provide an overview of the complete map, I want to show a small 2D representation of the map in a corner of the screen. What is the recommended approach for this in libgdx? Keep in mind the minimap must be updated when the currently visible section changes and when the map is updated. I've found SpriteBatch(info here), but the warning label on it made me think twice: A SpriteBatch is a pretty heavy object so you should only ever have one in your program. I'm not sure I'm supposed to use the one SpriteBatch that I can have on the minimap, and I'm also not sure how to interpret "heavy" in this context. Another thing to possibly keep in mind is that the minimap will probably be part of a larger UI, is there any way to integrate these two?

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  • How is constant buffer allocation handled in DX11?

    - by Marek
    I'm starting with DX11 and I'm not sure if I'm doing the things right. I want to have both pixel and vertex shader program in one file. Both use some shared and some different constant buffers. So it looks like this: Shader.fx cbuffer ForVS : register(b0) { float4x4 wvp; }; cbuffer ForVSandPS : register(b1) { float4 stuff; float4 stuff2; }; cbuffer ForVS2 : register(b2) { float4 stuff; float4 stuff2; }; cbuffer ForPS : register(b3) { float4 stuff; float4 stuff2; }; .... And in code I use mContext->VSSetConstantBuffers( 0, 1, bufferVS); mContext->VSSetConstantBuffers( 1, 1, bufferVS_PS); mContext->VSSetConstantBuffers( 2, 1, bufferVS2); mContext->PSSetConstantBuffers( 1, 1, bufferVS_PS); mContext->PSSetConstantBuffers( 3, 1, bufferPS); The numbering of buffers in PS is what bugs me, is it alright to bind random slots to shaders (in this example 1 and 3)? Does that mean it still uses just two buffers or does it initialize 0 and 2 buffer pointers to empty? Thank you.

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  • glColor3f Setting colour

    - by Aaron
    This draws a white vertical line from 640 to 768 at x512: glDisable(GL_TEXTURE_2D); glBegin(GL_LINES); glColor3f((double)R/255,(double)G/255,(double)B/255); glVertex3f(SX, -SPosY, 0); // origin of the line glVertex3f(SX, -EPosY, 0); // ending point of the line glEnd(); glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D); This works, but after having a problem where it wouldn't draw it white (Or to any colour passed) I discovered that disabling GL_TEXTURE_2D Before drawing the line, and the re-enabling it afterwards for other things, fixed it. I want to know, is this a normal step a programmer might take? Or is it highly inefficient? I don't want to be causing any slow downs due to a mistake =) Thanks

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  • (int) Math.floor(x / TILESIZE) or just (int) (x / TILESIZE)

    - by Aidan Mueller
    I have a Array that stores my map data and my Tiles are 64X64. Sometimes I need to convert from pixels to units of tiles. So I was doing: int x int y public void myFunction() { getTile((int) Math.floor(x / 64), (int) Math.floor(y / 64)).doOperation(); } But I discovered by using (I'm using java BTW) System.out.println((int) (1 / 1.5)) that converting to an int automatically rounds down. This means that I can replace the (int) Math.floor with just x / 64. But if I run this on a different OS do you think it might give a different result? I'm just afraid there might be some case where this would round up and not down. Should I keep doing it the way I was and maybe make a function like convert(int i) to make it easier? Or is it OK to just do x / 64?

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  • Child transforms problem when loading 3DS models using assimp

    - by MhdSyrwan
    I'm trying to load a textured 3d model into my scene using assimp model loader. The problem is that child meshes are not situated correctly (they don't have the correct transformations). In brief: all the mTansform matrices are identity matrices, why would that be? I'm using this code to render the model: void recursive_render (const struct aiScene *sc, const struct aiNode* nd, float scale) { unsigned int i; unsigned int n=0, t; aiMatrix4x4 m = nd->mTransformation; m.Scaling(aiVector3D(scale, scale, scale), m); // update transform m.Transpose(); glPushMatrix(); glMultMatrixf((float*)&m); // draw all meshes assigned to this node for (; n < nd->mNumMeshes; ++n) { const struct aiMesh* mesh = scene->mMeshes[nd->mMeshes[n]]; apply_material(sc->mMaterials[mesh->mMaterialIndex]); if (mesh->HasBones()){ printf("model has bones"); abort(); } if(mesh->mNormals == NULL) { glDisable(GL_LIGHTING); } else { glEnable(GL_LIGHTING); } if(mesh->mColors[0] != NULL) { glEnable(GL_COLOR_MATERIAL); } else { glDisable(GL_COLOR_MATERIAL); } for (t = 0; t < mesh->mNumFaces; ++t) { const struct aiFace* face = &mesh->mFaces[t]; GLenum face_mode; switch(face->mNumIndices) { case 1: face_mode = GL_POINTS; break; case 2: face_mode = GL_LINES; break; case 3: face_mode = GL_TRIANGLES; break; default: face_mode = GL_POLYGON; break; } glBegin(face_mode); for(i = 0; i < face->mNumIndices; i++)// go through all vertices in face { int vertexIndex = face->mIndices[i];// get group index for current index if(mesh->mColors[0] != NULL) Color4f(&mesh->mColors[0][vertexIndex]); if(mesh->mNormals != NULL) if(mesh->HasTextureCoords(0))//HasTextureCoords(texture_coordinates_set) { glTexCoord2f(mesh->mTextureCoords[0][vertexIndex].x, 1 - mesh->mTextureCoords[0][vertexIndex].y); //mTextureCoords[channel][vertex] } glNormal3fv(&mesh->mNormals[vertexIndex].x); glVertex3fv(&mesh->mVertices[vertexIndex].x); } glEnd(); } } // draw all children for (n = 0; n < nd->mNumChildren; ++n) { recursive_render(sc, nd->mChildren[n], scale); } glPopMatrix(); } What's the problem in my code ? I've added some code to abort the program if there's any bone in the meshes, but the program doesn't abort, this means : no bones, is that normal? if (mesh->HasBones()){ printf("model has bones"); abort(); } Note: I am using openGL & SFML & assimp

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  • SWF file not playing after being published

    - by rsquare
    I'm trying to run the "connector" example that comes bundled with the SmartFoxServer 2X downloads.. There it connects to the server and loads the correct configuration file. When I run it in Adobe Flash Professional 5, it runs correctly and connects to the server but after being published as SWF movie, it doesnt work. It loads the configuration file but can't connect and gives an error connection failure: ERROR 2048. This is the example I'm talking about.

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  • Proper way to use a RenderTarget2D to draw multiple textures?

    - by TheBroodian
    In the process of trying to resolve a split screen issue, I've been trying to use a RenderTarget2D to draw a portion of my scene to a Texture2D, and then again to another Texture2D, but the end result of both Texture2D's is coming out the same. Can anybody tell me what I'm doing wrong? Texture2D camera1Render; Texture2D camera2Render; GraphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(RenderTarget); GraphicsDevice.Clear(Color.Transparent); map.Draw(mapDisplayDevice, Camera1, new Location(0, 0), false); camera1Render = RenderTarget; GraphicsDevice.Clear(Color.Transparent); map.Draw(mapDisplayDevice, Camera2, new Location(0, 0), false); camera2Render = RenderTarget; SetRenderTarget(null);

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  • Rotate 3D Model from a custom position

    - by Nipuna Silva
    I have a 3D Model like above in which i want to rotate it from a given location(pointed in red) but I can only rotate it from the middle. How can I rotate it from a custom point. Edit: I successfully able to rotate the model from the below position by getting the radius of the model and applying it to the world matrix Vector3 point = new Vector3(-radius, 0, 0); world = Matrix.CreateTranslation(-radius, 0, 0); But now I cannot change the position of the object and it always centered in middle of the screen. I think that's because i applied the above code. How can I place it anywhere I want?

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  • how do I set quad buffering with jogl 2.0

    - by tony danza
    I'm trying to create a 3d renderer for stereo vision with quad buffering with Processing/Java. The hardware I'm using is ready for this so that's not the problem. I had a stereo.jar library in jogl 1.0 working for Processing 1.5, but now I have to use Processing 2.0 and jogl 2.0 therefore I have to adapt the library. Some things are changed in the source code of Jogl and Processing and I'm having a hard time trying to figure out how to tell Processing I want to use quad buffering. Here's the previous code: public class Theatre extends PGraphicsOpenGL{ protected void allocate() { if (context == null) { // If OpenGL 2X or 4X smoothing is enabled, setup caps object for them GLCapabilities capabilities = new GLCapabilities(); // Starting in release 0158, OpenGL smoothing is always enabled if (!hints[DISABLE_OPENGL_2X_SMOOTH]) { capabilities.setSampleBuffers(true); capabilities.setNumSamples(2); } else if (hints[ENABLE_OPENGL_4X_SMOOTH]) { capabilities.setSampleBuffers(true); capabilities.setNumSamples(4); } capabilities.setStereo(true); // get a rendering surface and a context for this canvas GLDrawableFactory factory = GLDrawableFactory.getFactory(); drawable = factory.getGLDrawable(parent, capabilities, null); context = drawable.createContext(null); // need to get proper opengl context since will be needed below gl = context.getGL(); // Flag defaults to be reset on the next trip into beginDraw(). settingsInited = false; } else { // The following three lines are a fix for Bug #1176 // http://dev.processing.org/bugs/show_bug.cgi?id=1176 context.destroy(); context = drawable.createContext(null); gl = context.getGL(); reapplySettings(); } } } This was the renderer of the old library. In order to use it, I needed to do size(100, 100, "stereo.Theatre"). Now I'm trying to do the stereo directly in my Processing sketch. Here's what I'm trying: PGraphicsOpenGL pg = ((PGraphicsOpenGL)g); pgl = pg.beginPGL(); gl = pgl.gl; glu = pg.pgl.glu; gl2 = pgl.gl.getGL2(); GLProfile profile = GLProfile.get(GLProfile.GL2); GLCapabilities capabilities = new GLCapabilities(profile); capabilities.setSampleBuffers(true); capabilities.setNumSamples(4); capabilities.setStereo(true); GLDrawableFactory factory = GLDrawableFactory.getFactory(profile); If I go on, I should do something like this: drawable = factory.getGLDrawable(parent, capabilities, null); but drawable isn't a field anymore and I can't find a way to do it. How do I set quad buffering? If I try this: gl2.glDrawBuffer(GL.GL_BACK_RIGHT); it obviously doesn't work :/ Thanks.

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  • How can I use the dualforward parameter in my unity shader to use lightmaps and normal maps together?

    - by Raphaeltm
    I'm using the free version of unity and I would like to combine lightmaps with specularity and normal maps. After doing a -bunch- of research, I've figured out that there doesn't seem to be any easy way to do this in the free version of unity, which doesn't support deferred rendering/easy use of dual lightmaps. However, it looks like it's possible, by writing a custom shader, using the "dualforward" parameter in a shader, switching the lightmapping mode to "dual lightmaps" and turning on "Use in forward ren." (basically, writing a shader that specifies the use of dual lightmaps, which should allow for a combination of lightmaps and normal maps) So I downloaded the source code for the default shaders (because all I need is a normal specular bumped shader) and added "dualforward" to the parameters: Shader "Bumped Specular Dual Lightmaps" { Properties { _Color ("Main Color", Color) = (1,1,1,1) _SpecColor ("Specular Color", Color) = (0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 1) _Shininess ("Shininess", Range (0.03, 1)) = 0.078125 _MainTex ("Base (RGB) Gloss (A)", 2D) = "white" {} _BumpMap ("Normalmap", 2D) = "bump" {} } SubShader { Tags { "RenderType"="Opaque" } LOD 400 CGPROGRAM #pragma surface surf BlinnPhong dualforward sampler2D _MainTex; sampler2D _BumpMap; fixed4 _Color; half _Shininess; struct Input { float2 uv_MainTex; float2 uv_BumpMap; }; void surf (Input IN, inout SurfaceOutput o) { fixed4 tex = tex2D(_MainTex, IN.uv_MainTex); o.Albedo = tex.rgb * _Color.rgb; o.Gloss = tex.a; o.Alpha = tex.a * _Color.a; o.Specular = _Shininess; o.Normal = UnpackNormal(tex2D(_BumpMap, IN.uv_BumpMap)); } ENDCG } FallBack "Specular" } This, however, doesn't seem to work. When I keep the "dualforward" param, every object that uses it seems to be lit by the one directional light in the scene. When I remove the "dualforward" param, it they look like normal lightmapped objects with no normal maps or specularity. I noticed that the support for "dualforward" seems to be new in v.3.4.2, so I made sure to download it (I was running 3.4.1), but it still doesn't work. Anybody have any advice for me?

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  • libgdx arrays onTouch() method and delays for objects

    - by johnny-b
    i am trying to create random bullets but it is not working for some reason. also how can i make a delay so the bullets come every 30 seconds or 1 minute???? also the onTouch method does not work and it is not taking the bullet away???? shall i put the array in the GameRender class? thanks public class GameWorld { public static Ball ball; private Bullet bullet1; private ScrollHandler scroller; private Array<Bullet> bullets = new Array<Bullet>(); public GameWorld() { ball = new Ball(280, 273, 32, 32); bullet = new Bullet(-300, 200); scroller = new ScrollHandler(0); bullets.add(new Bullet(bullet.getX(), bullet.getY())); bullets = new Array<Bullet>(); Bullet bullet = null; float bulletX = 0.0f; float bulletY = 0.0f; for (int i=0; i < 10; i++) { bulletX = MathUtils.random(-10, 10); bulletY = MathUtils.random(-10, 10); bullet = new Bullet(bulletX, bulletY); bullets.add(bullet); } } public void update(float delta) { ball.update(delta); bullet.update(delta); scroller.update(delta); } public static Ball getBall() { return ball; } public ScrollHandler getScroller() { return scroller; } public Bullet getBullet1() { return bullet1; } } i also tried this and it is not working, i used this in the GameRender class Array<Bullet> enemies=new Array<Bullet>(); //in the constructor of the class enemies.add(new Bullet(bullet.getX(), bullet.getY())); // this throws an exception for some reason??? this is in the render method for(int i=0; i<bullet.size; i++) bullet.get(i).draw(batcher); //this i am using in any method that will allow me from the constructor to update to render for(int i=0; i<bullet.size; i++) bullet.get(i).update(delta); this is not taking the bullet out @Override public boolean touchDown(int screenX, int screenY, int pointer, int button) { for(int i=0; i<bullet.size; i++) if(bullet.get(i).getBounds().contains(screenX,screenY)) bullet.removeIndex(i--); return false; } thanks for the help anyone.

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  • GLSL compiler messages from different vendors [on hold]

    - by revers
    I'm writing a GLSL shader editor and I want to parse GLSL compiler messages to make hyperlinks to invalid lines in a shader code. I know that these messages are vendor specific but currently I have access only to AMD's video cards. I want to handle at least NVidia's and Intel's hardware, apart from AMD's. If you have video card from different vendor than AMD, could you please give me the output of following C++ program: #include <GL/glew.h> #include <GL/freeglut.h> #include <iostream> using namespace std; #define STRINGIFY(X) #X static const char* fs = STRINGIFY( out vec4 out_Color; mat4 m; void main() { vec3 v3 = vec3(1.0); vec2 v2 = v3; out_Color = vec4(5.0 * v2.x, 1.0); vec3 k = 3.0; float = 5; } ); static const char* vs = STRINGIFY( in vec3 in_Position; void main() { vec3 v(5); gl_Position = vec4(in_Position, 1.0); } ); void printShaderInfoLog(GLint shader) { int infoLogLen = 0; int charsWritten = 0; GLchar *infoLog; glGetShaderiv(shader, GL_INFO_LOG_LENGTH, &infoLogLen); if (infoLogLen > 0) { infoLog = new GLchar[infoLogLen]; glGetShaderInfoLog(shader, infoLogLen, &charsWritten, infoLog); cout << "Log:\n" << infoLog << endl; delete [] infoLog; } } void printProgramInfoLog(GLint program) { int infoLogLen = 0; int charsWritten = 0; GLchar *infoLog; glGetProgramiv(program, GL_INFO_LOG_LENGTH, &infoLogLen); if (infoLogLen > 0) { infoLog = new GLchar[infoLogLen]; glGetProgramInfoLog(program, infoLogLen, &charsWritten, infoLog); cout << "Program log:\n" << infoLog << endl; delete [] infoLog; } } void initShaders() { GLuint v = glCreateShader(GL_VERTEX_SHADER); GLuint f = glCreateShader(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER); GLint vlen = strlen(vs); GLint flen = strlen(fs); glShaderSource(v, 1, &vs, &vlen); glShaderSource(f, 1, &fs, &flen); GLint compiled; glCompileShader(v); bool succ = true; glGetShaderiv(v, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &compiled); if (!compiled) { cout << "Vertex shader not compiled." << endl; succ = false; } printShaderInfoLog(v); glCompileShader(f); glGetShaderiv(f, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &compiled); if (!compiled) { cout << "Fragment shader not compiled." << endl; succ = false; } printShaderInfoLog(f); GLuint p = glCreateProgram(); glAttachShader(p, v); glAttachShader(p, f); glLinkProgram(p); glUseProgram(p); printProgramInfoLog(p); if (!succ) { exit(-1); } delete [] vs; delete [] fs; } int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { glutInit(&argc, argv); glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DOUBLE | GLUT_RGBA); glutInitWindowSize(600, 600); glutCreateWindow("Triangle Test"); glewInit(); GLenum err = glewInit(); if (GLEW_OK != err) { cout << "glewInit failed, aborting." << endl; exit(1); } cout << "Using GLEW " << glewGetString(GLEW_VERSION) << endl; const GLubyte* renderer = glGetString(GL_RENDERER); const GLubyte* vendor = glGetString(GL_VENDOR); const GLubyte* version = glGetString(GL_VERSION); const GLubyte* glslVersion = glGetString(GL_SHADING_LANGUAGE_VERSION); GLint major, minor; glGetIntegerv(GL_MAJOR_VERSION, &major); glGetIntegerv(GL_MINOR_VERSION, &minor); cout << "GL Vendor : " << vendor << endl; cout << "GL Renderer : " << renderer << endl; cout << "GL Version : " << version << endl; cout << "GL Version : " << major << "." << minor << endl; cout << "GLSL Version : " << glslVersion << endl; initShaders(); return 0; } On my video card it gives: Status: Using GLEW 1.7.0 GL Vendor : ATI Technologies Inc. GL Renderer : ATI Radeon HD 4250 GL Version : 3.3.11631 Compatibility Profile Context GL Version : 3.3 GLSL Version : 3.30 Vertex shader not compiled. Log: Vertex shader failed to compile with the following errors: ERROR: 0:1: error(#132) Syntax error: '5' parse error ERROR: error(#273) 1 compilation errors. No code generated Fragment shader not compiled. Log: Fragment shader failed to compile with the following errors: WARNING: 0:1: warning(#402) Implicit truncation of vector from size 3 to size 2. ERROR: 0:1: error(#174) Not enough data provided for construction constructor WARNING: 0:1: warning(#402) Implicit truncation of vector from size 1 to size 3. ERROR: 0:1: error(#132) Syntax error: '=' parse error ERROR: error(#273) 2 compilation errors. No code generated Program log: Vertex and Fragment shader(s) were not successfully compiled before glLinkProgram() was called. Link failed. Or if you like, you could give me other compiler messages than proposed by me. To summarize, the question is: What are GLSL compiler messages formats (INFOs, WARNINGs, ERRORs) for different vendors? Please give me examples or pattern explanation. EDIT: Ok, it seems that this question is too broad, then shortly: How does NVidia's and Intel's GLSL compilers present ERROR and WARNING messages? AMD/ATI uses patterns like this: ERROR: <position>:<line_number>: <message> WARNING: <position>:<line_number>: <message> (examples are above).

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  • How do I dynamically reload content files?

    - by Kikaimaru
    Is there a relatively simple way to dynamically reload content files, such as effect files? I know I can do the following: Detect change of file Run content pipeline to rebuild that specific file Unload ALL content that was loaded Load all content And use double references to reference content files. The problem is with step 3 (and step 2 isn't that nice either). I need to unload everything because if I have model Hero.x which references Model.fx effect, and I change the Model.fx file, I need to reload the Hero.x file which will then call LoadExternalReference on Model.fx. Has someone managed to make this work without rewriting the whole ContentManager (and every ContentReader) and tracking calls to LoadExternalReference?

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  • Efficiently separating Read/Compute/Write steps for concurrent processing of entities in Entity/Component systems

    - by TravisG
    Setup I have an entity-component architecture where Entities can have a set of attributes (which are pure data with no behavior) and there exist systems that run the entity logic which act on that data. Essentially, in somewhat pseudo-code: Entity { id; map<id_type, Attribute> attributes; } System { update(); vector<Entity> entities; } A system that just moves along all entities at a constant rate might be MovementSystem extends System { update() { for each entity in entities position = entity.attributes["position"]; position += vec3(1,1,1); } } Essentially, I'm trying to parallelise update() as efficiently as possible. This can be done by running entire systems in parallel, or by giving each update() of one system a couple of components so different threads can execute the update of the same system, but for a different subset of entities registered with that system. Problem In reality, these systems sometimes require that entities interact(/read/write data from/to) each other, sometimes within the same system (e.g. an AI system that reads state from other entities surrounding the current processed entity), but sometimes between different systems that depend on each other (i.e. a movement system that requires data from a system that processes user input). Now, when trying to parallelize the update phases of entity/component systems, the phases in which data (components/attributes) from Entities are read and used to compute something, and the phase where the modified data is written back to entities need to be separated in order to avoid data races. Otherwise the only way (not taking into account just "critical section"ing everything) to avoid them is to serialize parts of the update process that depend on other parts. This seems ugly. To me it would seem more elegant to be able to (ideally) have all processing running in parallel, where a system may read data from all entities as it wishes, but doesn't write modifications to that data back until some later point. The fact that this is even possible is based on the assumption that modification write-backs are usually very small in complexity, and don't require much performance, whereas computations are very expensive (relatively). So the overhead added by a delayed-write phase might be evened out by more efficient updating of entities (by having threads work more % of the time instead of waiting). A concrete example of this might be a system that updates physics. The system needs to both read and write a lot of data to and from entities. Optimally, there would be a system in place where all available threads update a subset of all entities registered with the physics system. In the case of the physics system this isn't trivially possible because of race conditions. So without a workaround, we would have to find other systems to run in parallel (which don't modify the same data as the physics system), other wise the remaining threads are waiting and wasting time. However, that has disadvantages Practically, the L3 cache is pretty much always better utilized when updating a large system with multiple threads, as opposed to multiple systems at once, which all act on different sets of data. Finding and assembling other systems to run in parallel can be extremely time consuming to design well enough to optimize performance. Sometimes, it might even not be possible at all because a system just depends on data that is touched by all other systems. Solution? In my thinking, a possible solution would be a system where reading/updating and writing of data is separated, so that in one expensive phase, systems only read data and compute what they need to compute, and then in a separate, performance-wise cheap, write phase, attributes of entities that needed to be modified are finally written back to the entities. The Question How might such a system be implemented to achieve optimal performance, as well as making programmer life easier? What are the implementation details of such a system and what might have to be changed in the existing EC-architecture to accommodate this solution?

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  • XNA Skinned Model - Keyframe.Bone out of range exception

    - by idlackage
    I'm getting an IndexOutOfRangeException on this line of AnimationPlayer.cs: boneTransforms[keyframe.Bone] = keyframe.Transform; I don't get what it's really referring to. The error happens when keyframe.Bone is 14, but I have no idea what that's supposed to mean. The 14th bone of my model? What would that even be? I read this thread, but nothing there seemed to work. I don't have many bones, stray edges/verts, unassigned verts, unparented/non-root bones, or bones with dots in the name. What else can I be missing? Thank you for any help!

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  • Slick 2d scrolling off screen

    - by Peter
    I have something scrolling in and out of the screen. Now when it goes off screen, I want it to scroll into the screen at another location. What I do is I grab the last pixels at the screens edge using g.copyArea and then g.drawImage on the edge of the screen. And then I do a g.translate to create room for the next row which is next render cycle. My problem is that I get a single pixel row, which is not copied onto the canvas. Where as I want each row to be added and then translated, so that the image that scrolled off screen is recreated on the other side of the screen. Here is my code, maybe there is a better way of doing this, open to any suggests, cause I'm totally stuck @Override public void render(GameContainer gc, Graphics g) throws SlickException { //g.setClip(0, 0, 300, gc.getHeight()); g.translate(0, y); g.drawImage(image,0,200); g.resetTransform(); //g.clearClip(); g.copyArea(rightImage, 0, gc.getHeight() - 1); g.drawImage(rightImage, 300, 0); g.translate(0, y); y=y+3; }

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  • Multiple Vertex Buffers per Mesh

    - by Daniel
    I've run into the situation where the size of my mesh with all its vertices and indices, is larger than the (optimal) vertex buffer object upper limit (~8MB). I was wondering if I can sub-divide the mesh across multiple vertex buffers, and somehow retain validity of the indices. Ie a triangle with a indice at the first vertex, and an indice at the last (ie in seperate VBOs). All the while maintaining this within Vertex Array Objects. My thoughts are, save myself the hassle, and for meshes (messes :P) such as this, just use the necessary size ( 8MB); which is what I do at the moment. But ideally my buffer manager (wip) at the moment is using optimal sizes; I may just have to make a special case then... Any ideas? If necessary, a simple C++ code example is appreciated. Note: I have also cross-posted this on stackoverflow, as I was not sure as to which it would be more suitable (its partly a design question).

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  • Finding closest object to a location within a specific perpendicular distance to direction vector

    - by Sniper
    I have a location and a direction vector indicating facing, I want to find the closest object to that location that is within some tolerance distance (perpendicular distance) to the ray formed by the location and direction vector. Basically I want to get the object that is being aimed at. I have thought about finding all objects within a box and then finding the closest object to my vector from them results, but I am sure that there is a more efficient way. The Z axis is optional, the objects are most likely within a few meters of the search vector.

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  • New to CG shader programming, what program should I use to write and test them?

    - by Notbad
    I have started witting some shaders. First ones were fairly easy to write in notepad but now I need something with a bit more meat. I have checked rendermonnkey that seems to support CG but it is really old and don't know if it is a good option. On the other hand there exist this FX Composer 2.0 but it seems somthing that could really distract me from learning shaders because it seems a pretty deep program. Are there any other possibilities? There's a really nice alternative to write shaders named ShaderToy but just supports GLSL. Any information will be really welcomed. Thanks in advance.

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  • Low complexity shader to indicate the sides of a polyline

    - by Pris
    I have a bunch of polylines that I draw using GL_LINES. They can have thousands of points. They actually represent the separation of land and water on a map. I don't have complete polygons, just the ordered set of points. I'm looking for a neat but efficient way to visually convey Side A and Side B as being different. For example I could offset the polyline in one direction a few times and fade it out (but every offset is doubling the number of points), or offset it once to make a "ribbon" and give one side a 'glow' like effect to mimic the outer glow or shadow of a polygon). This is for a mobile application and I'm using OpenGL ES 2. I'd like to keep the effect as simple as possible from a complexity stand point. I'm looking for some additional ideas; maybe there's a clever shader technique out there or a visual effect I haven't considered.

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  • How to perform efficient 2D picking in HTML5?

    - by jSepia
    I'm currently using an R-Tree for both picking and collision testing. Each entity on screen has a bounding box for collisions and a separate one for picking. Since entities may change position very frequently, both trees must be updated/reordered once per frame. While this is very efficient for collisions, because the tree is used in hundreds of collision queries every frame, I'm finding it too costly for picking, because it only gets queried when the user clicks, thus leading to a lot of wasted tree updates. What would be a more efficient way to implement picking without as much overhead?

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