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  • How can I detect whether an image is a PNG or APNG format?

    - by perlit
    APNG is backwards compatible with PNG. I opened up an apng and png file in a hex editor and the first few bytes look identical. So if a user uploads either of these formats, how do I detect what the format really is? I've seen this done on some sites that block apng. I'm guessing the ImageMagick library makes this easy, but what if I were to do the detect without the use of an image processing library (for learning purposes)? Can I look for specific bytes that tell me if the file is apng? Solutions in any language is welcome.

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  • How come my South migrations doesn't work for Django?

    - by TIMEX
    First, I create my database. create database mydb; I add "south" to installed Apps. Then, I go to this tutorial: http://south.aeracode.org/docs/tutorial/part1.html The tutorial tells me to do this: $ py manage.py schemamigration wall --initial >>> Created 0001_initial.py. You can now apply this migration with: ./manage.py migrate wall Great, now I migrate. $ py manage.py migrate wall But it gives me this error... django.db.utils.DatabaseError: (1146, "Table 'fable.south_migrationhistory' doesn't exist") So I use Google (which never works. hence my 870 questions asked on Stackoverflow), and I get this page: http://groups.google.com/group/south-users/browse_thread/thread/d4c83f821dd2ca1c Alright, so I follow that instructions >> Drop database mydb; >> Create database mydb; $ rm -rf ./wall/migrations $ py manage.py syncdb But when I run syncdb, Django creates a bunch of tables. Yes, it creates the south_migrationhistory table, but it also creates my app's tables. Synced: > django.contrib.admin > django.contrib.auth > django.contrib.contenttypes > django.contrib.sessions > django.contrib.sites > django.contrib.messages > south > fable.notification > pagination > timezones > fable.wall > mediasync > staticfiles > debug_toolbar Not synced (use migrations): - (use ./manage.py migrate to migrate these) Cool....now it tells me to migrate these. So, I do this: $ py manage.py migrate wall The app 'wall' does not appear to use migrations. Alright, so fine. I'll add wall to initial migrations. $ py manage.py schemamigration wall --initial Then I migrate: $ py manage.py migrate wall You know what? It gives me this BS: _mysql_exceptions.OperationalError: (1050, "Table 'wall_content' already exists") Sorry, this is really pissing me off. Can someone help ? thanks. How do I get South to work and sync correctly with everything?

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  • In Elixir or SQLAlchemy, is there a way to also store a comment for a/each field in my entities?

    - by kchau
    Our project is basically a web interface to several systems of record. We have many tables mapped, and the names of each column aren't as well named and intuitive as we'd like... The users would like to know what data fields are available (i.e. what's been mapped from the database). But, it's pointless to just give them column names like: USER_REF1, USER_REF2, etc. So, I was wondering, is there a way to provide a comment in the declaration of my field? E.g. class SegregationCode(Entity): using_options(tablename="SEGREGATION_CODES") segCode = Field(String(20), colname="CODE", ... primary_key=True) #Have a comment attr too? If not, any suggestions?

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  • Sort a list of tuples without case sensitivity

    - by dound
    How can I efficiently and easily sort a list of tuples without being sensitive to case? For example this: [('a', 'c'), ('A', 'b'), ('a', 'a'), ('a', 5)] Should look like this once sorted: [('a', 5), ('a', 'a'), ('A', 'b'), ('a', 'c')] The regular lexicographic sort will put 'A' before 'a' and yield this: [('A', 'b'), ('a', 5), ('a', 'a'), ('a', 'c')]

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  • Import boto from local library

    - by ensnare
    I'm trying to use boto as a downloaded library, rather than installing it globally on my machine. I'm able to import boto, but when I run boto.connect_dynamodb() I get an error: ImportError: No module named dynamodb.layer2 Here's my file structure: project/ project/ __init__.py libraries/ __init__.py flask/ boto/ views/ .... modules/ __init__.py db.py .... templates/ .... static/ .... runserver.py And the contents of the relevant files as follows: project/project/modules/db.py from project.libraries import boto conn = boto.connect_dynamodb( aws_access_key_id='<YOUR_AWS_KEY_ID>', aws_secret_access_key='<YOUR_AWS_SECRET_KEY>') What am I doing wrong? Thanks in advance.

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  • Copy **kwargs to self?

    - by Mark
    Given class ValidationRule: def __init__(self, **kwargs): # code here Is there a way that I can define __init__ such that if I were to initialize the class with something like ValidationRule(other='email') then self.other would be "added" to class without having to explicitly name every possible kwarg?

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  • How do I find the "concrete class" of a django model baseclass

    - by Mr Shark
    I'm trying to find the actual class of a django-model object, when using model-inheritance. Some code to describe the problem: class Base(models.model): def basemethod(self): ... class Child_1(Base): pass class Child_2(Base): pass If I create various objects of the two Child classes and the create a queryset containing them all: Child_1().save() Child_2().save() (o1, o2) = Base.objects.all() I want to determine if the object is of type Child_1 or Child_2 in basemethod, I can get to the child object via o1.child_1 and o2.child_2 but that reconquers knowledge about the childclasses in the baseclass. I have come up with the following code: def concrete_instance(self): instance = None for subclass in self._meta.get_all_related_objects(): acc_name = subclass.get_accessor_name() try: instance = self.__getattribute__(acc_name) return instance except Exception, e: pass But it feels brittle and I'm not sure of what happens when if I inherit in more levels.

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  • Removing a node from a linked list

    - by lost_with_coding
    I would like to create a delete_node function that deletes the node at the location in the list as a count from the first node. So far this is the code I have: class node: def __init__(self): self.data = None # contains the data self.next = None # contains the reference to the next node class linked_list: def __init__(self): self.cur_node = None def add_node(self, data): new_node = node() # create a new node new_node.data = data new_node.next = self.cur_node # link the new node to the 'previous' node. self.cur_node = new_node # set the current node to the new one. def list_print(self): node = ll.cur_node while node: print node.data node = node.next def delete_node(self,location): node = ll.cur_node count = 0 while count != location: node = node.next count+=1 delete node ll = linked_list() ll.add_node(1) ll.add_node(2) ll.add_node(3) ll.list_print()

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  • Url open encoding

    - by badc0re
    I have the following code for urllib and BeautifulSoup: getSite = urllib.urlopen(pageName) # open current site getSitesoup = BeautifulSoup(getSite.read()) # reading the site content print getSitesoup.originalEncoding for value in getSitesoup.find_all('link'): # extract all <a> tags defLinks.append(value.get('href')) The result of it: /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/bs4/dammit.py:231: UnicodeWarning: Some characters could not be decoded, and were replaced with REPLACEMENT CHARACTER. "Some characters could not be decoded, and were " And when i try to read the site i get: ?7?e????0*"I??G?H????F??????9-??????;??E?YÞBs????????????4i???)?????^W?????`w?Ke??%??*9?.'OQB???V??@?????]???(P??^??q?$?S5???tT*?Z

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  • Convert object to DateRange

    - by user655832
    I'm querying an underlying PostgreSQL database using Pandas 0.8. Pandas is returning the DataFrame properly but the underlying timestamp column in my database is being returned as a generic "object" type in Pandas. As I would eventually like to seasonal normalization of my data I am curious as to how to convert this generic "object" column to something that is appropriate for analysis. Here is my current code to retrieve the data: # get records from db example import pandas.io.sql as psql import psycopg2 # define query to get all subs created this year QRY = """ select i i, i * random() f, case when random() > 0.5 then true else false end t, (current_date - (i*random())::int)::timestamp with time zone tsz from generate_series(1,1000) as s(i) order by 4 ; """ CONN_STRING = "host='localhost' port=5432 dbname='postgres' user='postgres'" # connect to db conn = psycopg2.connect(CONN_STRING) # get some data set index on relid column df = psql.frame_query(QRY, con=conn) print "Row count retrieved: %i" % (len(df),) Thanks for any help you can render. M

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  • How to set up Atana Studio 3 Themes in Pydev

    - by willy1234x1
    I've installed the Aptana Studio 3 preview and noticed it has support for themes (such as a bespin style or Ruby envy) and I'd love to use the Bespin one in Pydev but so far I've had no luck getting it to work, anyone have a clue as to how to get it to work? Video showing the themes in action.

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  • Can SQLAlchemy DateTime Objects Only Be Naive?

    - by Sean M
    I am working with SQLAlchemy, and I'm not yet sure which database I'll use under it, so I want to remain as DB-agnostic as possible. How can I store a timezone-aware datetime object in the DB without tying myself to a specific database? Right now, I'm making sure that times are UTC before I store them in the DB, and converting to localized at display-time, but that feels inelegant and brittle. Is there a DB-agnostic way to get a timezone-aware datetime out of SQLAlchemy instead of getting naive datatime objects out of the DB?

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  • How do I call setattr() on the current module?

    - by Matt Joiner
    What do I pass as the first parameter "object" to the function setattr(object, name, value), to set variables on the current module? For example: setattr(object, "SOME_CONSTANT", 42); giving the same effect as: SOME_CONSTANT = 42 within the module containing these lines (with the correct object). I'm generate several values at the module level dynamically, and as I can't define __getattr__ at the module level, this is my fallback.

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  • Error -3 while decompressing data: incorrect header check

    - by Rahul99
    I have .zip file which contain csv data. I am reading .zip file using <input type = "file" name = "select_file"/> I want to decompress that .zip file and read csv data. file_data = self.request.get('select_file') file_str = zlib.decompress(file_data) #file_data_list = file_str.split('\n') #file_Reader = csv.reader(file_data_list,quoting=csv.QUOTE_NONE ) I am expecting csv data in file_str but I am getting error. error :: Error -3 while decompressing data: incorrect header check What I have to use?

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  • How do I get javascript results using selenium?

    - by Seth
    I have the following code: from selenium import selenium selenium = selenium("localhost", 4444, "*chrome", "http://some_site.com/") selenium.start() sel = selenium sel.open("/") sel.type("ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_SuburbTownTextBox", "Adelaide,SA,5000") sel.click("ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_SearchImageButton") #text = sel.get_body_text() text = sel.get_html_source() print(text) The click executes a javascript file which then produces results on the same page. Obviously print(text) will only print the orignal html source. How do I get to the results of the javascript?

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  • Refactoring code/consolidating functions (e.g. nested for-loop order)

    - by bmay2
    Just a little background: I'm making a program where a user inputs a skeleton text, two numbers (lower and upper limit), and a list of words. The outputs are a series of modifications on the skeleton text. Sample inputs: text = "Player # likes @." (replace # with inputted integers and @ with words in list) lower = 1 upper = 3 list = "apples, bananas, oranges" The user can choose to iterate over numbers first: Player 1 likes apples. Player 2 likes apples. Player 3 likes apples. Or words first: Player 1 likes apples. Player 1 likes bananas. Player 1 likes oranges. I chose to split these two methods of outputs by creating a different type of dictionary based on either number keys (integers inputted by the user) or word keys (from words in the inputted list) and then later iterating over the values in the dictionary. Here are the two types of dictionary creation: def numkey(dict): # {1: ['Player 1 likes apples', 'Player 1 likes...' ] } text, lower, upper, list = input_sort(dict) d = {} for num in range(lower,upper+1): l = [] for i in list: l.append(text.replace('#', str(num)).replace('@', i)) d[num] = l return d def wordkey(dict): # {'apples': ['Player 1 likes apples', 'Player 2 likes apples'..] } text, lower, upper, list = input_sort(dict) d = {} for i in list: l = [] for num in range(lower,upper+1): l.append(text.replace('#', str(num)).replace('@', i)) d[i] = l return d It's fine that I have two separate functions for creating different types of dictionaries but I see a lot of repetition between the two. Is there any way I could make one dictionary function and pass in different values to it that would change the order of the nested for loops to create the specific {key : value} pairs I'm looking for? I'm not sure how this would be done. Is there anything related to functional programming or other paradigms that might help with this? The question is a little abstract and more stylistic/design-oriented than anything.

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  • Designing a Tag table that tells how many times it's used

    - by Satoru.Logic
    Hi, all. I am trying to design a tagging system with a model like this: Tag: content = CharField creator = ForeignKey used = IntergerField It is a many-to-many relationship between tags and what's been tagged. Everytime I insert a record into the assotication table, Tag.used is incremented by one, and decremented by one in case of deletion. Tag.used is maintained because I want to speed up answering the question 'How many times this tag is used?'. However, this seems to slow insertion down obviously. Please tell me how to improve this design. Thanks in advance.

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  • Dynamically setting the queryset of a ModelMultipleChoiceField to a custom recordset

    - by Daniel Quinn
    I've seen all the howtos about how you can set a ModelMultipleChoiceField to use a custom queryset and I've tried them and they work. However, they all use the same paradigm: the queryset is just a filtered list of the same objects. In my case, I'm trying to get the admin to draw a multiselect form that instead of using usernames as the text portion of the , I'd like to use the name field from my account class. Here's a breakdown of what I've got: # models.py class Account(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=128,help_text="A display name that people understand") user = models.ForeignKey(User, unique=True) # Tied to the User class in settings.py class Organisation(models.Model): administrators = models.ManyToManyField(User) # admin.py from django.forms import ModelMultipleChoiceField from django.contrib.auth.models import User class OrganisationAdminForm(forms.ModelForm): def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): from ethico.accounts.models import Account self.base_fields["administrators"] = ModelMultipleChoiceField( queryset=User.objects.all(), required=False ) super(OrganisationAdminForm, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs) class Meta: model = Organisation This works, however, I want queryset above to draw a selectbox with the Account.name property and the User.id property. This didn't work: queryset=Account.objects.all().order_by("name").values_list("user","name") It failed with this error: 'tuple' object has no attribute 'pk' I figured that this would be easy, but it's turned into hours of dead-ends. Anyone care to shed some light?

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  • The dictionary need to add every word in SpellingMistakes and the line number but it only adds the l

    - by Will Boomsight
    modules import sys import string Importing and reading the files form the Command Prompt Document = open(sys.argv[1],"r") Document = open('Wc.txt', 'r') Document = Document.read().lower() Dictionary = open(sys.argv[2],"r") Dictionary = open('Dict.txt', 'r') Dictionary = Dictionary.read() def Format(Infile): for ch in string.punctuation: Infile = Infile.replace(ch, "") for no in string.digits: Infile = Infile.replace(no, " ") Infile = Infile.lower() return(Infile) def Corrections(Infile, DictWords): Misspelled = set([]) Infile = Infile.split() DictWords = DictWords.splitlines() for word in Infile: if word not in DictWords: Misspelled.add(word) Misspelled = sorted(Misspelled) return (Misspelled) def Linecheck(Infile,ErrorWords): Infile = Infile.split() lineno = 0 Noset = list() for line in Infile: lineno += 1 line = line.split() for word in line: if word == ErrorWords: Noset.append(lineno) sorted(Noset) return(Noset) def addkey(error,linenum): Nodict = {} for line in linenum: Nodict.setdefault(error,[]).append(linenum) return Nodict FormatDoc = Format(Document) SpellingMistakes = Corrections(FormatDoc,Dictionary) alp = str(SpellingMistakes) for word in SpellingMistakes: nSet = str(Linecheck(FormatDoc,word)) nSet = nSet.split() linelist = addkey(word, nSet) print(linelist) # # for word in Nodict.keys(): # Nodict[word].append(line) Prints each incorrect word on a new line

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  • Convert args to flat list?

    - by Mark
    I know this is very similar to a few other questions, but I can't quite get this function to work correctly. def flatten(*args): return list(item for iterable in args for item in iterable) The output I'm looking for is: flatten(1) -> [1] flatten(1,[2]) -> [1, 2] flatten([1,[2]]) -> [1, 2] The current function, which I from another SO answer doesn't seem to produce correct results at all: >>> flatten([1,[2]]) [1, [2]] I wrote the following function which seems to work for 0 or 1 levels of nesting, but not deeper: def flatten(*args): output = [] for arg in args: if hasattr(arg, '__iter__'): output += arg else: output += [arg] return output

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  • How do I use Django to insert a Geometry Field into the database?

    - by alex
    class LocationLog(models.Model): user = models.ForeignKey(User) utm = models.GeometryField(spatial_index=True) This is my database model. I would like to insert a row. I want to insert a circle at point -55, 333. With a radius of 10. How can I put this circle into the geometry field? Of course, then I would want to check which circles overlap a given circle. (my select statement)

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