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  • averaging matrix efficiently

    - by user248237
    in Python, given an n x p matrix, e.g. 4 x 4, how can I return a matrix that's 4 x 2 that simply averages the first two columns and the last two columns for all 4 rows of the matrix? e.g. given: a = array([[1, 2, 3, 4], [5, 6, 7, 8], [9, 10, 11, 12], [13, 14, 15, 16]]) return a matrix that has the average of a[:, 0] and a[:, 1] and the average of a[:, 2] and a[:, 3]. I want this to work for an arbitrary matrix of n x p assuming that the number of columns I am averaging of n is obviously evenly divisible by n. let me clarify: for each row, I want to take the average of the first two columns, then the average of the last two columns. So it would be: 1 + 2 / 2, 3 + 4 / 2 <- row 1 of new matrix 5 + 6 / 2, 7 + 8 / 2 <- row 2 of new matrix, etc. which should yield a 4 by 2 matrix rather than 4 x 4. thanks.

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  • How can I map a String to a function in Java?

    - by Bears will eat you
    Currently, I have a bunch of Java classes that implement a Processor interface, meaning they all have a processRequest(String key) method. The idea is that each class has a few (say, <10) member Strings, and each of those maps to a method in that class via the processRequest method, like so: class FooProcessor implements Processor { String key1 = "abc"; String key2 = "def"; String key3 = "ghi"; // and so on... String processRequest(String key) { String toReturn = null; if (key1.equals(key)) toReturn = method1(); else if (key2.equals(key)) toReturn = method2(); else if (key3.equals(key)) toReturn = method3(); // and so on... return toReturn; } String method1() { // do stuff } String method2() { // do other stuff } String method3() { // do other other stuff } // and so on... } You get the idea. This was working fine for me, but now I need a runtime-accessible mapping from key to function; not every function actually returns a String (some return void) and I need to dynamically access the return type (using reflection) of each function in each class that there's a key for. I already have a manager that knows about all the keys, but not the mapping from key to function. My first instinct was to replace this mapping using if-else statements with a Map<String, Function>, like I could do in Javascript. But, Java doesn't support first-class functions so I'm out of luck there. I could probably dig up a third-party library that lets me work with first-class functions, but I haven't seen any yet, and I doubt that I need an entire new library. I also thought of putting these String keys into an array and using reflection to invoke the methods by name, but I see two downsides to this method: My keys would have to be named the same as the method - or be named in a particular, consistent way so that it's easy to map them to the method name. This seems WAY slower than the if-else statements I have right now. Efficiency is something of a concern because these methods will tend to get called pretty frequently, and I want to minimize unnecessary overhead. TL; DR: I'm looking for a clean, minimal-overhead way to map a String to some sort of a Function object that I can invoke and call (something like) getReturnType() on. I don't especially mind using a 3rd-party library if it really fits my needs. I also don't mind using reflection, though I would strongly prefer to avoid using reflection every single time I do a method lookup - maybe using some caching strategy that combines the Map with reflection. Thoughts on a good way to get what I want? Cheers!

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  • How to call AJAX API function from Windows App?

    - by stiopa
    Some company is providing me with web-based API for using their services. I have no problem calling this API functions from within web brower: <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://someaddress.com?&key=somekey"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var object = new SomeObject(); object.SomeFunction(); </script> </head> I am interested in return value of SomeFunction(). How would I get this return value from windows application?

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  • accessing nth element (value) of a vector after sorting

    - by memC
    dear experts, This question is an extension of this question I asked. I have a std::vector vec_B.which stores instances of class Foo. The order of elements in this vector changes in the code. Now, I want to access the value of the current "last element" or current 'nth' element of the vector. If I use the code below to get the last element using getLastFoo() method, it doesn't return the correct value. For example, to begin with the last element of the vector has Foo.getNumber() = 9. After sorting it in descending order of num, for the last element, Foo.getNumber() = 0. But with the code below, it still returns 9.. that means it is still pointing to the original element that was the last element. What change should I make to the code below so that "lastFoo" points to the correct last element? class Foo { public: Foo(int i); ~Foo(){}; int getNum(); private: int num; }; Foo:Foo(int i){ num = i; } int Foo::getNum(){ return num; } class B { public: Foo* getLastFoo(); B(); ~B(){}; private: vector<Foo> vec_B; }; B::B(){ int i; for (i = 0; i< 10; i++){ vec_B.push_back(Foo(i)); } // Do some random changes to the vector vec_B so that elements are reordered. For // example rearrange elements in decreasing order of 'num' //... } Foo* B::getLastFoo(){ &vec_B.back(); }; int main(){ B b; Foo* lastFoo; lastFoo = b.getLastFoo() cout<<lastFoo->getNumber(); return 0; }

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  • Converting keys of an array/object-tree to lowercase

    - by tstenner
    Im currently optimizing a PHP application and found one function being called around 10-20k times, so I'd thought I'd start optimization there. function keysToLower($obj) { if(!is_object($obj) && !is_array($obj)) return $obj; foreach($obj as $key=>$element) { $element=keysToLower($element); if(is_object($obj)) { $obj->{strtolower($key)}=$element; if(!ctype_lower($key)) unset($obj->{$key}); } else if(is_array($obj) && ctype_upper($key)) { $obj[strtolower($key)]=$element; unset($obj[$key]); } } return $obj; } Most of the time is spent in recursive calls (which are quite slow in PHP), but I don't see any way to convert it to a loop. What would you do?

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  • Looking at the C++ new[] cookie. How portable is this code?

    - by carleeto
    I came up with this as a quick solution to a debugging problem - I have the pointer variable and its type, I know it points to an array of objects allocated on the heap, but I don't know how many. So I wrote this function to look at the cookie that stores the number of bytes when memory is allocated on the heap. template< typename T > int num_allocated_items( T *p ) { return *((int*)p-4)/sizeof(T); } //test #include <iostream> int main( int argc, char *argv[] ) { using std::cout; using std::endl; typedef long double testtype; testtype *p = new testtype[ 45 ]; //prints 45 std::cout<<"num allocated = "<<num_allocated_items<testtype>(p)<<std::endl; delete[] p; return 0; } I'd like to know just how portable this code is.

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  • how to avoid repeating code?

    - by helloWorld
    I have some technical question, I have repeating code in my work, and I want to get rid of it, so I know that in C++ it is not good idea to use macro, but instead I must use inline function, is it good idea to use this function as inline: list<Data>::iterator foo(int data){ if(dataExists(data)){ list<Data>::iterator i; for(i = Data.begin(); i != Data.end(); ++i){ if(i->getData() == data){ break; } return i; //here I have one more problem, what can I return if data doesn't exist? } I'm beginner, and I think that this function is very unsafe, can somebody please give me advice, how can I improve my code, thanks in advance P.S. what usually do You use to avoid repeating code?

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  • Creating a 2d matrix from an array (java)

    - by anna
    I'm supposed to write a method that creates a 2d matrix from an array, for instance: ({1, 2, 3, 4}, 3) should return the matrix {{1, 2, 3}, {4}} public class Matrix { public static int[][]toM(int[] array, int a) { int[][]matrix = new int [(array.length + a- 1)/ a][a]; for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++){ int value = array[i]; value = value++; for (int row = 0; row < (array.length + a- 1)/a; row++) { for (int col = 0; col < a; col++) { matrix[row][col]= value++; } } } return matrix; } } I'm getting [[4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]]?

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  • Why do they initialize pointers this way?

    - by Rob
    In almost all of the books I read and examples I go through I see pointers initialized this way. Say that I have a class variable NSString *myString that I want to initialize. I will almost always see that done this way: -(id)init { if (self = [super init]) { NSString *tempString = [[NSString alloc] init]; myString = tempString; [tempString release]; } return self; } Why can't I just do the following? -(id)init { if (self = [super init]) { myString = [[NSString alloc] init]; } return self; } I don't see why the extra tempString is ever needed in the first place, but I could be missing something here with memory management. Is the way I want to do things acceptable or will it cause some kind of leak? I have read the Memory Management Guide on developer.apple.com and unless I am just missing something, I don't see the difference.

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  • for loop vs while loop

    - by Atul
    We can use for loop and while loop for same purpose. in what means they effect our code if I use for instead of while? same question arises between if-else and switch-case? how to decide what to use? for example which one you would prefer? This code: int main() { int n; cin>>n; for(int i=0;i<n;i++) { do_something(); } return 0; } Or this code: int main() { int n,i=0; cin>>n; while(i<n) { do_something(); i++; } return 0; } if using for or while loop does not effect the code by any means then may I know What was the need to make 2 solution for same problem?

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  • Using PHP interfaces in Codeigniter

    - by John Stewart
    I am trying to find out how can I used PHP interfaces in my MVC design. I want to make sure that the design enforces an interface so that any new module would follow that. For example: <?php interface BaseAPI { public function postMessage($msg); } class ServiceAPI implements BaseAPI { public function postMessage($msg) { return $msg; } } class Service_Two_API implements BaseAPI { public function postMessage($msg) { return "can't do this: ".$msg; } } ?> I want to do this in CI. Is it possible? how should I design it?

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  • Data Annotations validation Built into model

    - by Josh
    I want to build an object model that automatically wires in validation when I attempt to save an object. I am using DataAnnotations for my validation, and it all works well, but I think my inheritance is whacked. I am looking here for some guidance on a better way to wire in my validation. So, to build in validation I have this interface public interface IValidatable { bool IsValid { get; } ValidationResponse ValidationResults { get; } void Validate(); } Then, I have a base class that all my objects inherit from. I did a class because I wanted to wire in the validation calls automatically. The issue is that the validation has to know the type of the class is it validating. So I use Generics like so. public class CoreObjectBase<T> : IValidatable where T : CoreObjectBase<T> { #region IValidatable Members public virtual bool IsValid { get { // First, check rules that always apply to this type var result = new Validator<T>().Validate((T)this); // return false if any violations occurred return !result.HasViolations; } } public virtual ValidationResponse ValidationResults { get { var result = new Validator<T>().Validate((T)this); return result; } } public virtual void Validate() { // First, check rules that always apply to this type var result = new Validator<T>().Validate((T)this); // throw error if any violations were detected if (result.HasViolations) throw new RulesException(result.Errors); } #endregion } So, I have this circular inheritance statement. My classes look like this then: public class MyClass : CoreObjectBase<MyClass> { } But the problem occurs when I have a more complicated model. Because I can only inherit from one class, when I have a situation where inheritance makes sense I believe the child classes won't have validation on their properties. public class Parent : CoreObjectBase<Parent> { //properties validated } public class Child : Parent { //properties not validated? } I haven't really tested the validation in these cases yet, but I am pretty sure that anything in child with a data annotation on it will not be automatically validated when I call Child.Validate(); due to the way the inheritance is configured. Is there a better way to do this?

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  • C++ Generic List Assignment

    - by S73417H
    I've clearly been stuck in Java land for too long... Is it possible to do the C++ equivalent of the following Java code: // Method List<Bar> getBars() { return new LinkedList<Bar>(); } // Assignment statement. List<Foo> stuff = getBars(); Where Foo is a sub-class of Bar. So in C++.... std::list<Bar> & getBars() { std::list<Bar> bars; return bars; } std::list<Foo> stuff = getBars(); Hope that makes sense....

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  • How to use a function for every C# WinForm instead of pasting .

    - by nXqd
    protected override bool ProcessCmdKey(ref Message msg, Keys keyData) { { if (keyData == Keys.Escape) this.Close(); return base.ProcessCmdKey(ref msg, keyData); } } I discovered this snippet to close windows form by esc. I really want to implement this to every windows form. I try to create a new abstract class which inherit from Form and another windows form will inherit from this one . But it doesn't work this way . abstract class AbsForm: Form { protected override bool ProcessCmdKey(ref Message msg, Keys keyData) { { if (keyData == Keys.Escape) this.Close(); return base.ProcessCmdKey(ref msg, keyData); } } } public partial class HoaDonBanSach : AbsForm { public HoaDonBanSach() { InitializeComponent(); } Thanks for reading this :)

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  • ASP MVC ViewData from one view to another (Html.Encode())

    - by Jacob Huggart
    Hello all, I have a page with a bunch of labels and checkboxes on it. On this page, the labels need to be easily customizable after the project is deployed. So I made all of the labels in this style: Html.Encode(ViewData["lblText"]) And I added a button on the page called "Edit Button Labels" that will only be seen by admins. When that button is clicked, I would like to load another view that simply contains a table of two columns. One column needs to contain the current labels and the other should have text boxes for the user to enter new labels. Then, once any changes have been made, I need to permanently change the "lblText" for each label on the original page. I have tried passing viewdata and tempdata to the "Edit Button Labels" view using both return view() and return RedirectToAction() with no success. Am I missing something minor or is there a better way to do this?

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  • Static variable for optimization

    - by keithjgrant
    I'm wondering if I can use a static variable for optimization: public function Bar() { static $i = moderatelyExpensiveFunctionCall(); if ($i) { return something(); } else { return somethingElse(); } } I know that once $i is initialized, it won't be changed by by that line of code on successive calls to Bar(). I assume this means that moderatelyExpensiveFunctionCall() won't be evaluated every time I call, but I'd like to know for certain. Once PHP sees a static variable that has been initialized, does it skip over that line of code? In other words, is this going to optimize my execution time if I make a lot of calls to Bar(), or am I wasting my time?

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  • Generate a valid array key from an URL string in PHP

    - by John Riche
    I have a PHP array with some predefined values: $aArray = array( 0 => 'value0', 1 => 'value1' ); I need to create a function where the string input will always return the same, valid, array key so that when I call: GiveMeAKey('http://www.google.com'); // May return 0 or 1 I receive always the same key (I don't care which one) from the array. Obvisously I can't store the relationship in a database and the string passed to the GiveMeAKey method can be any URL. I wonder if there is a way of doing that ?

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  • shouldAutorotateToInterfaceOrientation not working for detail view

    - by TheLearner
    I am using Xcode's SplitView template as the base for my project and I only want to accept Landscape mode. I have implemented the method in the RootViewController and DetailViewController: - (BOOL)shouldAutorotateToInterfaceOrientation:(UIInterfaceOrientation)interfaceOrientation { switch (interfaceOrientation) { case UIInterfaceOrientationLandscapeLeft: return YES; } return NO; } However what happens is the app loads with in Landscape mode with the tableview on the left but the detail view is black / blank. How do I get the detailview to load properly and do I need to implement this method is all view controllers or just the root one?

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  • Simulating python's With statement in java

    - by drozzy
    Is there something like Python with context manager in Java? For example say I want to do something like the following: getItem(itemID){ Connection c = C.getConnection(); c.open(); try{ Item i = c.query(itemID); }catch(ALLBunchOfErrors){ c.close(); } c.close(); return c; } where in python I just have: with( C.getConnection().open() as c): Item i = c.query(itemID); return i;

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  • C++ Basic Class Layout

    - by Spencer
    Learning C++ and see the class laid out like this: class CRectangle { int x, y; public: void set_values (int,int); int area () {return (x*y);} }; void CRectangle::set_values (int a, int b) { x = a; y = b; } I know Java and methods(functions) in Java are written within the class. The class looks like a Java interface. I know I can write the class like this: class CRectangle { int x, y; public: void set_values (int a, int b) { x = a; y = b; }; int area () {return (x*y);} }; But is there a difference or standard?

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  • how to make the two class fields(not referring any other table) as composite key in hibernate?

    - by M Sach
    i want to make pgId and pgName both as composite key where both pgId anf pgName are assgined values. i am not sure how should i go about it? on net i get examples where composite key column refering to column of some other table but not this kind of scenario? @Entity @Table(name = "PersonDetails") public class PersonDetailsData implements Serializable { private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; @Id @Basic private int pgId; @Basic(optional = true) @Column(nullable = true) private int orgId; @Basic(optional = true) @Column(nullable = true) private String pgName; public PersonWikiDetailsData() { } public int getPpId() { return ppId; } public void setPpId(int ppId) { this.ppId = ppId; } public String getSpaceName() { return spaceName; } public void setSpaceName(String spaceName) { this.spaceName = spaceName; } }

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  • how to use multiple $_name using extends Zend_Db_Table_Abstract in zend frame work.

    - by karthik
    we tried to do like this,but it is showing some errors.Our table names are users and messages. <?php class Application_Model_childconnect1 extends Zend_Db_Table_Abstract { protected $_name = 'users'; public function loginvalidation($username,$pwd) { $row = $this->fetchRow('UserName = \'' . $username . '\'and UserPW = \''. $pwd . '\''); if (!$row) { $msg="invalid"; return $msg; } else { return $row->toArray(); } } protected $_name = 'messages'; public function replymessage($message) { $data=array( 'MessageText'=>$message ); $this->insert($data); } }

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  • What is the best way to handle dynamic content_type in Sinatra

    - by lusis
    I'm currently doing the following but it feels "kludgy": module Sinatra module DynFormat def dform(data,ct) if ct == 'xml';return data.to_xml;end if ct == 'json';return data.to_json;end end end helpers DynFormat end My goal is to plan ahead. Right now we're only working with XML for this particular web service but we want to move over to JSON as soon as all the components in our stack support it. Here's a sample route: get '/api/people/named/:name/:format' do format = params[:format] h = {'xml' => 'text/xml','json' => 'application/json'} content_type h[format], :charset => 'utf-8' person = params[:name] salesperson = Salespeople.find(:all, :conditions => ['name LIKE ?', "%#{person}%"]) "#{dform(salesperson,format)}" end It just feels like I'm not doing it the best way possible.

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  • grailsApplication not getting injected in a service , Grails 2.1.0

    - by vijay tyagi
    I have service in which i am accessing few configuration properties from grailsApplication I am injecting it like this class MyWebService{ def grailsApplication WebService webService = new WebService() def getProxy(url, flag){ return webService.getClient(url) } def getResponse(){ def proxy = getProxy(grailsApplication.config.grails.wsdlURL, true) def response = proxy.getItem(ItemType) return response } } When i call getProxy() method, i see this in tomcat logs No signature of method: org.example.MyWebService.getProxy() is applicable for argument types: (groovy.util.ConfigObject, java.lang.Boolean) values: [[:], true] Possible solutions: getProxy(), getProxy(java.lang.String, boolean), setProxy(java.lang.Object) which means grailsApplication is not getting injected into the service, is there any alternate way to access configuration object ? according to burtbeckwith's post configurationholder has been deprecated, can't think of anything else. Interestingly the very same service works fine in my local IDE(GGTS 3.1.0), that means locally grailsApplication is getting injected, but when i create a war to deploy to a standalone tomcat, it stops getting injected.

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  • Temporarily Disallow JQuery Toggle

    - by Kevin Sylvestre
    I have a menu that is toggled when a user selects a link. The menu has an animation attached, and I want to prevent toggling while the animation is running. The following snippet works, but flips the state of toggle if the link is clicked quickly twice (i.e. if the user clicks the link quickly twice, the next click will trigger the same action): <a href="" id="button">Menu</a> <div id="menu">...</a> <script> $("#button").toggle( function (e) { if $("#menu").is(":animated")) return false; $menu.show("slow"); }, function (e) { if ("#menu").is(":animated")) return false; $menu.hide("slow"); } ); </script> How can I prevent switching states within toggle? Thanks.

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