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• How exactly are textures drawn on faces of cubes?

  - by Christian Frantz

  Are they drawn from the lower left corner clockwise? I know how triangles are created, I'm not just sure if textures are the same way. The texture on my cube is skewed way off and after playing around with the U,V coordinates, I still can't get it right. //front left bottom corner ok vertices[0] = (new VertexPositionTexture(new Vector3(0, 0, 0), new Vector2(1, 0))); //front left upper corner vertices[1] = (new VertexPositionTexture(new Vector3(0, 1, 0), new Vector2(1, 1))); //front right upper corner ok vertices[2] = (new VertexPositionTexture(new Vector3(1, 1, 0), new Vector2(0, 1))); //front lower right corner vertices[3] = (new VertexPositionTexture(new Vector3(1, 0, 0), new Vector2(0, 0))); //back left lower corner ok vertices[4] = (new VertexPositionTexture(new Vector3(0, 0, -1), new Vector2(0, 1))); //back left upper corner vertices[5] = (new VertexPositionTexture(new Vector3(0, 1, -1), new Vector2(1, 1))); //back right upper corner ok vertices[6] = (new VertexPositionTexture(new Vector3(1, 1, -1), new Vector2(1, 0))); //back right lower corner vertices[7] = (new VertexPositionTexture(new Vector3(1, 0, -1), new Vector2(0, 0)));

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• Converting 3 axis vectors to a rotation matrix

  - by user38858

  I am trying to get a rotation matrix (in 3dsmax) from 3 vectors that form an axis (all 3 vectors are aligned by 90 degrees each other) Somewhere I read that I could build a rotation matrix just by inserting in every row one vector at a time (source: http://renderdan.blogspot.cz/2006/05/rotation-matrix-from-axis-vectors.html) So, I built a matrix with these example vectors x-axis : [-0.194624,-0.23715,-0.951778] y-axis : [-0.773012,0.634392,0] z-axis : [-0.6038,-0.735735,0.306788] But for some reason, if I try to convert this matrix to eulerangles, I receive this rotation: (eulerAngles 47.7284 6.12831 36.8263) ... which is totally wrong, and doesn't align to my 3 vectors at all. I know that rotation is quite difficult to understand, may someone shed some light? :)

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• How to fix OpenGL Co-ordinate System in SFML?

  - by Marc Alexander Reed

  My OpenGL setup is somehow configured to work like so: (-1, 1) (0, 1) (1, 1) (-1, 0) (0, 0) (1, 0) (-1, -1) (0, -1) (1, -1) How do I configure it so that it works like so: (0, 0) (SW/2, 0) (SW, 0) (0, SH/2) (SW/2, SH/2) (SW, SH/2) (0, SH) (SW/2, SH) (SW/2, SH) SW as Screen Width. SH as Screen Height. This solution would have to fix the problem of I can't translate significantly(1) on the Z axis. Depth doesn't seem to be working either. The Perspective code I'm using is that of my WORKING GLUT OpenGL code which has a cool 3d grid and camera system etc. But my OpenGL setup doesn't seem to work with SFML. Help me guys. :( Thanks in advance. :) #include <SFML/Window.hpp> #include <SFML/Graphics.hpp> #include <SFML/Audio.hpp> #include <SFML/Network.hpp> #include <SFML/OpenGL.hpp> #include "ResourcePath.hpp" //Mac-only #define _USE_MATH_DEFINES #include <cmath> double screen_width = 640.f; double screen_height = 480.f; int main (int argc, const char **argv) { sf::ContextSettings settings; settings.depthBits = 24; settings.stencilBits = 8; settings.antialiasingLevel = 2; sf::Window window(sf::VideoMode(screen_width, screen_height, 32), "SFML OpenGL", sf::Style::Close, settings); window.setActive(); glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST); glEnable(GL_LIGHTING); glEnable(GL_LIGHT0); glEnable(GL_NORMALIZE); glEnable(GL_COLOR_MATERIAL); glShadeModel(GL_SMOOTH); glViewport(0, 0, screen_width, screen_height); glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); glLoadIdentity(); //glOrtho(0.0f, screen_width, screen_height, 0.0f, -100.0f, 100.0f); gluPerspective(45.0f, (double) screen_width / (double) screen_height , 0.f, 100.f); glClearColor(0.f, 0.f, 1.f, 0.f); //blue while (window.isOpen()) { sf::Event event; while (window.pollEvent(event)) { switch (event.type) { case sf::Event::Closed: window.close(); break; } switch (event.key.code) { case sf::Keyboard::Escape: window.close(); break; case 'W': break; case 'S': break; case 'A': break; case 'D': break; } } glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW); glLoadIdentity(); glTranslatef(0.f, 0.f, 0.f); glPushMatrix(); glBegin(GL_QUADS); glColor3f(1.f, 0.f, 0.f); glVertex3f(-1.f, 1.f, 0.f); glColor3f(0.f, 1.f, 0.f); glVertex3f(1.f, 1.f, 0.f); glColor3f(1.f, 0.f, 1.f); glVertex3f(1.f, -1.f, 0.f); glColor3f(0.f, 0.f, 1.f); glVertex3f(-1.f, -1.f, 0.f); glEnd(); glPopMatrix(); window.display(); } return EXIT_SUCCESS; }

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• Textures do not render on ATI graphics cards?

  - by Mathias Lykkegaard Lorenzen

  I'm rendering textured quads to an orthographic view in XNA through hardware instancing. On Nvidia graphics cards, this all works, tested on 3 machines. On ATI cards, it doesn't work at all, tested on 2 machines. How come? Culling perhaps? My orthographic view is set up like this: Matrix projection = Matrix.CreateOrthographicOffCenter(0, graphicsDevice.Viewport.Width, -graphicsDevice.Viewport.Height, 0, 0, 1); And my elements are rendered with the Z-coordinate 0. Edit: I just figured out something weird. If I do not call this spritebatch code above doing my textured quad rendering code, then it won't work on Nvidia cards either. Could that be due to culling information or something like that? Batch.Instance.SpriteBatch.Begin(SpriteSortMode.Immediate, BlendState.AlphaBlend, SamplerState.LinearClamp, DepthStencilState.Default, RasterizerState.CullNone); ... spriteBatch.End(); Edit 2: Here's the full code for my instancing call. public void DrawTextures() { Batch.Instance.SpriteBatch.Begin(SpriteSortMode.Texture, BlendState.AlphaBlend, SamplerState.LinearClamp, DepthStencilState.Default, RasterizerState.CullNone, textureEffect); while (texturesToDraw.Count > 0) { TextureJob texture = texturesToDraw.Dequeue(); spriteBatch.Draw(texture.Texture, texture.DestinationRectangle, texture.TintingColor); } spriteBatch.End(); #if !NOTEXTUREINSTANCING // no work to do if (positionInBufferTextured > 0) { device.BlendState = BlendState.Opaque; textureEffect.CurrentTechnique = textureEffect.Techniques["Technique1"]; textureEffect.Parameters["Texture"].SetValue(darkTexture); textureEffect.CurrentTechnique.Passes[0].Apply(); if ((textureInstanceBuffer == null) || (positionInBufferTextured > textureInstanceBuffer.VertexCount)) { if (textureInstanceBuffer != null) textureInstanceBuffer.Dispose(); textureInstanceBuffer = new DynamicVertexBuffer(device, texturedInstanceVertexDeclaration, positionInBufferTextured, BufferUsage.WriteOnly); } if (positionInBufferTextured > 0) { textureInstanceBuffer.SetData(texturedInstances, 0, positionInBufferTextured, SetDataOptions.Discard); } device.Indices = textureIndexBuffer; device.SetVertexBuffers(textureGeometryBuffer, new VertexBufferBinding(textureInstanceBuffer, 0, 1)); device.DrawInstancedPrimitives(PrimitiveType.TriangleStrip, 0, 0, textureGeometryBuffer.VertexCount, 0, 2, positionInBufferTextured); // now that we've drawn, it's ok to reset positionInBuffer back to zero, // and write over any vertices that may have been set previously. positionInBufferTextured = 0; } #endif }

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• How do you stop OgreBullet Capsule from falling over?

  - by Nathan Baggs

  I've just started implementing bullet into my Ogre project. I followed the install instructions here: http://www.ogre3d.org/tikiwiki/OgreBullet+Tutorial+1 And the rest if the tutorial here: http://www.ogre3d.org/tikiwiki/OgreBullet+Tutorial+2 I got that to work fine however now I wanted to extend it to a handle a first person camera. I created a CapsuleShape and a Rigid Body (like the tutorial did for the boxes) however when I run the game the capsule falls over and rolls around on the floor, causing the camera swing wildly around. I need a way to fix the capsule to always stay upright, but I have no idea how Below is the code I'm using. (part of) Header File OgreBulletDynamics::DynamicsWorld *mWorld; // OgreBullet World OgreBulletCollisions::DebugDrawer *debugDrawer; std::deque<OgreBulletDynamics::RigidBody *> mBodies; std::deque<OgreBulletCollisions::CollisionShape *> mShapes; OgreBulletCollisions::CollisionShape *character; OgreBulletDynamics::RigidBody *characterBody; Ogre::SceneNode *charNode; Ogre::Camera* mCamera; Ogre::SceneManager* mSceneMgr; Ogre::RenderWindow* mWindow; main file bool MinimalOgre::go(void) { ... mCamera = mSceneMgr->createCamera("PlayerCam"); mCamera->setPosition(Vector3(0,0,0)); mCamera->lookAt(Vector3(0,0,300)); mCamera->setNearClipDistance(5); mCameraMan = new OgreBites::SdkCameraMan(mCamera); OgreBulletCollisions::CollisionShape *Shape; Shape = new OgreBulletCollisions::StaticPlaneCollisionShape(Vector3(0,1,0), 0); // (normal vector, distance) OgreBulletDynamics::RigidBody *defaultPlaneBody = new OgreBulletDynamics::RigidBody( "BasePlane", mWorld); defaultPlaneBody->setStaticShape(Shape, 0.1, 0.8); // (shape, restitution, friction) // push the created objects to the deques mShapes.push_back(Shape); mBodies.push_back(defaultPlaneBody); character = new OgreBulletCollisions::CapsuleCollisionShape(1.0f, 1.0f, Vector3(0, 1, 0)); charNode = mSceneMgr->getRootSceneNode()->createChildSceneNode(); charNode->attachObject(mCamera); charNode->setPosition(mCamera->getPosition()); characterBody = new OgreBulletDynamics::RigidBody("character", mWorld); characterBody->setShape( charNode, character, 0.0f, // dynamic body restitution 10.0f, // dynamic body friction 10.0f, // dynamic bodymass Vector3(0,0,0), Quaternion(0, 0, 1, 0)); mShapes.push_back(character); mBodies.push_back(characterBody); ... }

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• How to raycast select a scaled OBB?

  - by user3254944

  I have the OBB picking code to select an OBB with code inspired from Real time Rendering 3 and opengl-tutorial.org. I can successfully select objects that have been moved or rotated. However, I cant correctly select an object that has been scaled. The bounding box scales right, but the I can only select the object in a thin strip on its center. How do I fix the checkForHits() function to allow it to read the scaling that I passed to it in the raycast matrix? void GLWidget::selectObjRaycast() { glm::vec2 mouse = (glm::vec2(mousePos.x(), mousePos.y()) / glm::vec2(this->width(), this->height())) * 2.0f - 1.0f; mouse.y *= -1; glm::mat4 toWorld = glm::inverse(ProjectionM * ViewM); glm::vec4 from = toWorld * glm::vec4(mouse, -1.0f, 1.0f); glm::vec4 to = toWorld * glm::vec4(mouse, 1.0f, 1.0f); from /= from.w; to /= to.w; fromAABB = glm::vec3(from); toAABB = glm::normalize(glm::vec3(to - from)); checkForHits(); } void GLWidget::checkForHits() { for (int i = 0; i < myWin.myEtc->allObj.size(); ++i) //check for hits on each obj's bb { bool miss = 0; float tMin = 0.0f; float tMax = 100000.0f; glm::vec3 bbPos(myWin.myEtc->allObj[i]->raycastM[3].x, myWin.myEtc->allObj[i]->raycastM[3].y, myWin.myEtc->allObj[i]->raycastM[3].z); glm::vec3 delta = bbPos - fromAABB; for (int j = 0; j < 3; ++j) { glm::vec3 axis(myWin.myEtc->allObj[i]->raycastM[j].x, myWin.myEtc->allObj[i]->raycastM[j].y, myWin.myEtc->allObj[i]->raycastM[j].z); float e = glm::dot(axis, delta); float f = glm::dot(toAABB, axis); if (fabs(f) > 0.001f) { float t1 = (e + myWin.myEtc->allObj[i]->bbMin[j]) / f; float t2 = (e + myWin.myEtc->allObj[i]->bbMax[j]) / f; if (t1 > t2) { float w = t1; t1 = t2; t2 = w; } if (t2 < tMax) tMax = t2; if (t1 > tMin) tMin = t1; if (tMax < tMin) miss = 1; } else { if (-e + myWin.myEtc->allObj[i]->bbMin[j] > 0.0f || -e + myWin.myEtc->allObj[i]->bbMax[j] < 0.0f) miss = 1; } } if (miss == 0) { intersection_distance = tMin; myWin.myEtc->sel.push_back(myWin.myEtc->allObj[i]); myWin.myEtc->allObj[i]->highlight = myWin.myGLHelp->highlight; break; } } } void Object::render(glm::mat4 PV) { scaleM = glm::scale(glm::mat4(), s->val_3); r_quat = glm::quat(glm::radians(r->val_3)); rotationM = glm::toMat4(r_quat); translationM = glm::translate(glm::mat4(), t->val_3); transLocal1M = glm::translate(glm::mat4(), -rsPivot->val_3); transLocal2M = glm::translate(glm::mat4(), rsPivot->val_3); raycastM = translationM * transLocal2M * rotationM * scaleM * transLocal1M; // MVP = PV * translationM * transLocal2M * rotationM * scaleM * transLocal1M; }

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• Away3D & Directional Light w/ Rotating Meshes

  - by seethru

  This is likely a stupid error but I can't seem to find what I've done wrong. I've got a simple scene with 10 cylinders rotating at a default speed. If I grab one of these cylinders I can rotate it in the opposite direction or at a greater speed. I have a single directional light in the scene. It would appear that the directional light is only calculated at initialization and not on further frames. The shadow created by the light rotates with the cylinder giving the impression that the light is rotating when it isn't. Camera & Light Initialization _view = new View3D(); addChild(_view); _view.antiAlias = 4; _view.backgroundColor = 0xFFFFFF; _view.camera.z = -850; _view.camera.y = 0; _view.camera.x = 0; _view.camera.lookAt(new Vector3D()); _view.camera.lens = new PerspectiveLens(15); _view.mousePicker = PickingType.RAYCAST_BEST_HIT; _light = new DirectionalLight(); _light.z = -850; _light.direction = new Vector3D(1, 1, 1); _light.color = 0xFFFFFF; _light.ambient = 0.1; _light.diffuse = 0.7; _view.scene.addChild(_light); Mesh and Material creation var material:TextureMaterial = new TextureMaterial(createPow2Texture(sprite, _colors[i]) , true, false, true); material.animateUVs = true; material.lightPicker = _lightPicker; cylinder = new Mesh(new CylinderGeometry(radius, radius, 13, 70, 1, true, true), material); cylinder.subMeshes[0].scaleU = spriteWidth / sprite.width; cylinder.y = y; cylinder.mouseEnabled = true; cylinder.pickingCollider = PickingColliderType.AS3_BEST_HIT; cylinder.addEventListener(MouseEvent3D.MOUSE_OVER, onMouseOverMesh); cylinder.addEventListener(MouseEvent3D.MOUSE_MOVE, onMouseOverMesh); cylinder.addEventListener(MouseEvent3D.MOUSE_OUT, onMouseOutMesh); _cylinders.push(cylinder); Frame private function onEnterFrame(event:Event):void { for each (var mesh:Mesh in _cylinders) { if (mesh == _mouseOverMesh) continue; mesh.rotationY += 0.25; } _view.render(); }

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• Google play game services and Facebook integration in one game

  - by Ineentho

  We are creating a cross platform game for iOS and Android. We have thought about how and with which services we should integrate achievements and scoreboards with. For the iOS part, we are pretty sure that this how we want to do, in order from when the user opens the app for the first time: Connect with Game Center (Should be automatic, the user shouldn't even notice?) We will also get the players nickname for public scoreboards here. Ask if the user wants to connect with Facebook so that we can compare the players highscores with their friends. We could add Google play game services there as well, but I don't feel like that adds anything to the experience for the end user. Now comes the tricky part: Android We thought that we could do just like for iOS, except that we replace Game Center with Google Play Game Services. However, unlike Game Center, Game Services will ask the user to log in to their Google+ account and allow us to access their account. So now, what we have is a double login, first with Google+ and then with Facebook. What will users think about that? Should we scrap Play Services entirely and just ask the user for a nickname within our app and user Facebook for achievements?

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• How best to handle ID3D11InputLayout in rendering code?

  - by JohnB

  I'm looking for an elegant way to handle input layouts in my directx11 code. The problem I have that I have an Effect class and a Element class. The effect class encapsulates shaders and similar settings, and the Element class contains something that can be drawn (3d model, lanscape etc) My drawing code sets the device shaders etc using the effect specified and then calls the draw function of the Element to draw the actual geometry contained in it. The problem is this - I need to create an D3D11InputLayout somewhere. This really belongs in the Element class as it's no business of the rest of the system how that element chooses to represent it's vertex layout. But in order to create the object the API requires the vertex shader bytecode for the vertex shader that will be used to draw the object. In directx9 it was easy, there was no dependency so my element could contain it's own input layout structures and set them without the effect being involved. But the Element shouldn't really have to know anything about the effect that it's being drawn with, that's just render settings, and the Element is there to provide geometry. So I don't really know where to store and how to select the InputLayout for each draw call. I mean, I've made something work but it seems very ugly. This makes me thing I've either missed something obvious, or else my design of having all the render settings in an Effect, the Geometry in an Element, and a 3rd party that draws it all is just flawed. Just wondering how anyone else handles their input layouts in directx11 in a elegant way?

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• Spritesheet per pixel collision XNA

  - by Jixi

  So basically i'm using this: public bool IntersectPixels(Rectangle rectangleA, Color[] dataA,Rectangle rectangleB, Color[] dataB) { int top = Math.Max(rectangleA.Top, rectangleB.Top); int bottom = Math.Min(rectangleA.Bottom, rectangleB.Bottom); int left = Math.Max(rectangleA.Left, rectangleB.Left); int right = Math.Min(rectangleA.Right, rectangleB.Right); for (int y = top; y < bottom; y++) { for (int x = left; x < right; x++) { Color colorA = dataA[(x - rectangleA.Left) + (y - rectangleA.Top) * rectangleA.Width]; Color colorB = dataB[(x - rectangleB.Left) + (y - rectangleB.Top) * rectangleB.Width]; if (colorA.A != 0 && colorB.A != 0) { return true; } } } return false; } In order to detect collision, but i'm unable to figure out how to use it with animated sprites. This is my animation update method: public void AnimUpdate(GameTime gameTime) { if (!animPaused) { animTimer += (float)gameTime.ElapsedGameTime.TotalMilliseconds; if (animTimer > animInterval) { currentFrame++; animTimer = 0f; } if (currentFrame > endFrame || endFrame <= currentFrame || currentFrame < startFrame) { currentFrame = startFrame; } objRect = new Rectangle(currentFrame * TextureWidth, frameRow * TextureHeight, TextureWidth, TextureHeight); origin = new Vector2(objRect.Width / 2, objRect.Height / 2); } } Which works with multiple rows and columns. and how i call the intersect: public bool IntersectPixels(Obj me, Vector2 pos, Obj o) { Rectangle collisionRect = new Rectangle(me.objRect.X, me.objRect.Y, me.objRect.Width, me.objRect.Height); collisionRect.X += (int)pos.X; collisionRect.Y += (int)pos.Y; if (IntersectPixels(collisionRect, me.TextureData, o.objRect, o.TextureData)) { return true; } return false; } Now my guess is that i have to update the textureData everytime the frame changes, no? If so then i already tried it and miserably failed doing so :P Any hints, advices? If you need to see any more of my code just let me know and i'll update the question. Updated almost functional collisionRect: collisionRect = new Rectangle((int)me.Position.X, (int)me.Position.Y, me.Texture.Width / (int)((me.frameCount - 1) * me.TextureWidth), me.Texture.Height); What it does now is "move" the block up 50%, shouldn't be too hard to figure out. Update: Alright, so here's a functional collision rectangle(besides the height issue) collisionRect = new Rectangle((int)me.Position.X, (int)me.Position.Y, me.TextureWidth / (int)me.frameCount - 1, me.TextureHeight); Now the problem is that using breakpoints i found out that it's still not getting the correct color values of the animated sprite. So it detects properly but the color values are always: R:0 G:0 B:0 A:0 ??? disregard that, it's not true afterall =P For some reason now the collision area height is only 1 pixel..

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• Can I use GLFW and GLEW together in the same code

  - by Brendan Webster

  I use the g++ compiler, which could be causing the main problem, but I'm using GLFW for window and input management, and I am using GLEW so that I can use OpenGL 3.x functionality. I loaded in models and then tried to make Vertex and Index buffers for the data, but it turned out that I kept getting segmentation faults in the program. I finally figured out that GLEW just wasn't working with GLFW included. Do they not work together? Also I've done the context creation through GLFW so that may be another factor in the problem.

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• Is finding graph minors without single node pinch points possible?

  - by Alturis

  Is it possible to robustly find all the graph minors within an arbitrary node graph where the pinch points are generally not single nodes? I have read some other posts on here about how to break up your graph into a Hamiltonian cycle and then from that find the graph minors but it seems to be such an algorithm would require that each "room" had "doorways" consisting of single nodes. To explain a bit more a visual aid is necessary. Lets say the nodes below are an example of the typical node graph. What I am looking for is a way to automatically find the different colored regions of the graph (or graph minors)

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• Clientside anticheating in multiplayer game 1vs1

  - by garnav

  I'm developing a simple card game, where there will be a matchmaking system that will put you against another human player. This will be the only game mode available, a 1vs1 against another human, no AI. I want to prevent cheating as much as possible. I have already read a lot of similar questions here and I already know that I cannot trust the client and I have to make all verifications server side. I intend to have a server (need one for the matchmaking anyway) and I intend to make some verifications server side but if I want to check everything server side this makes my server to be able to keep track of the state of all current games and check every action, and I don't have the money/infrastructure to support that server. My idea is to make clients check and verify some of the actions made by their opponent* and if they find some illegal action notify the possible cheating to the server and make the server verify it. This will still require my server to keep track of all current games, but it will save resources only checking some things that cannot be checked at client side(like card order in the deck) and only checking other things when they are actually wrong. *(only those they can check with out allowing themselves cheating! for example:they can't check if the played card was in hand cos that will need them to know all cards in hand) Summing up, my questions are: is this a viable approach? will I actually save resources doing this or the extra complexity in the server and client for exchanging this messages is not worth it? do you know any game that has successfully or unsuccessfully tried a similar approach? Thanks all for reading and answering

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• How do I consistently re-size my game window and elements?

  - by Milo

  In my 2D game, I have a flow layout. Inside the flow layout are tables. I have a slider that lets the user make the tables larger or smaller. This makes the background larger or smaller too. Everything should scale proportionally which means the background should stay at the same position when I make things larger, and it almost does. When the scrollbar is at 0, it does exactly this. As the scrollbar gets further down problems arise. I'll toggle the slider maybe 3 times and on the fourth time, the background jumps a little lower on the Y axis. In order to be efficient, I only start rendering the background near the parent of the flow layout. Here it is: void LobbyTableManager::renderBG( GraphicsContext* g, agui::Rectangle& absRect, agui::Rectangle& childRect ) { int cx, cy, cw, ch; g->getClippingRect(cx,cy,cw,ch); g->setClippingRect(absRect.getX(),absRect.getY(),absRect.getWidth(),absRect.getHeight()); float scale = 0.35f; int w = m_bgSprite->getWidth() * getTableScale() * scale; int h = m_bgSprite->getHeight() * getTableScale() * scale; int numX = ceil(absRect.getWidth() / (float)w) + 2; int numY = ceil(absRect.getHeight() / (float)h) + 2; float offsetX = m_activeTables[0]->getLocation().getX() - w; float offsetY = m_activeTables[0]->getLocation().getY() - h; int startY = childRect.getY(); if(moo) { std::cout << "S=" << startY << ","; } int numAttempts = 0; while(startY + h < absRect.getY() && numAttempts < 1000) { startY += h; if(moo) { std::cout << startY << ","; } numAttempts++; } if(moo) { std::cout << "\n"; moo = false; } g->holdDrawing(); for(int i = 0; i < numX; ++i) { for(int j = 0; j < numY; ++j) { g->drawScaledSprite(m_bgSprite,0,0,m_bgSprite->getWidth(),m_bgSprite->getHeight(), absRect.getX() + (i * w) + (offsetX),absRect.getY() + (j * h) + startY,w,h,0); } } g->unholdDrawing(); g->setClippingRect(cx,cy,cw,ch); } The numeric problem seems to be in the value of startY. I outputted startY figuring out its value: As you can see here, this is me only zooming in, pay attention to the final number before the next s=. You'll notice that, what should happen is, the numbers should be linear, ex: -40, -38, -36, -34, -32, -30, etc. As you'll notice, the start numbers linearly correlate ex: 62k, 64k, 66k, 68k, 70k etc.. but the end result is wrong every third or 4th time. Here is most of the resize code: void LobbyTableManager::setTableScale( float scale ) { scale += 0.3f; scale *= 2.0f; agui::Gui* gotGui = getGui(); float scrollRel = m_vScroll->getRelativeValue(); setScale(scale); rescaleTables(); resizeFlow(); if(gotGui) { gotGui->toggleWidgetLocationChanged(false); } updateScrollBars(); float newVal = scrollRel * m_vScroll->getMaxValue(); if((int)(newVal + 0.5f) > (int)newVal) { newVal++; } m_vScroll->setValue(newVal); static int x = 0; x++; moo = true; //std::cout << m_vScroll->getValue() << std::endl; if(gotGui) { gotGui->toggleWidgetLocationChanged(true); } if(gotGui) { gotGui->_widgetLocationChanged(); } } void LobbyTableManager::valueChanged( agui::VScrollBar* source,int val ) { if(getGui()) { getGui()->toggleWidgetLocationChanged(false); } m_flow->setLocation(0,-val); if(getGui()) { getGui()->toggleWidgetLocationChanged(true); getGui()->_widgetLocationChanged(); } }

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• 2D tower defense - A bullet to an enemy

  - by Tashu

  I'm trying to find a good solution for a bullet to hit the enemy. The game is 2D tower defense, the tower is supposed to shoot a bullet and hit the enemy guaranteed. I tried this solution - http://blog.wolfire.com/2009/07/linear-algebra-for-game-developers-part-1/ The link mentioned to subtract the bullet's origin and the enemy as well (vector subtraction). I tried that but a bullet just follows around the enemy. float diffX = enemy.position.x - position.x; float diffY = enemy.position.y - position.y; velocity.x = diffX; velocity.y = diffY; position.add(velocity.x * deltaTime, velocity.y * deltaTime); I'm familiar with vectors but not sure what steps (vector math operations) to be done to get this solution working.

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• Making an AI walk on a NavigationMesh (2D/Top-Down game)

  - by Lennard Fonteijn

  For some time I have been working on a framework which should make it possible to generate 2D levels based on a set of rules specified by level designers. You can read more about it here as I won't go into details: http://www.jorisdormans.nl/article.php?ref=engineering_emergence Anyway, I'm now at the point of putting the framework to use and have trouble coming up with a solution for AI. I decided to implement a NavigationMesh in the generated levels as I already have that information to start with. Consider the following image (borrowed from http://www.david-gouveia.com/pathfinding-on-a-2d-polygonal-map/): When I run A* on the NavigationMesh, the red path would be suggested when I want to go from point A to B (either direction). However, I don't want my AI to walk that path directly and clipping corners, I'd rather want them to follow the more logical black path. How would I go about going from the Red path to the Black path, are there any algorithms for this. Which steps do I take? Is A* the proper solution for this at all? For some additional information: The proof-of-concept game is a 2D top-down game written in C#, but examples/references in any language are welcome!

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• Best way to go about sorting 2D sprites in a "RPG Maker" styled RPG

  - by Aaron Stewart

  I am trying to come up with the best way to create overlapping sprites without having any issues. I was thinking of having a SortedDictionary and setting the Entity's key to it's Y position relative to the max bound of the simulation, aka the Z value. I'd update the "Z" value in the update method each frame, if the entity's position has changed at all. For those who don't know what I mean, I want characters who are standing closer in front of another character to be drawn on top, and if they are behind the character, they are drawn behind. I'm leery of using SpriteBatch back to front or front to back, I've been doing some searching and have been under the impression they are a bad idea. and want to know exactly how other people are dealing with their depth sorting. Just ultimately trying to come up with the best method of sorting for good practice before I get too far in to refactor the system effectively.

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• Using virtual functions

  - by Tucker Morgan

  I am starting to use virtual functions, and i am programming a simple text game, my question is this, if i have a virtual function called spec_abil with in a Super class called rpg_class. If you allow the player to class what class they want to play, say a mage class, a archer class, and a warrior class, which all have their own spec_abil function. How do you write it so that the program knows which one to use depending on the chosen class.

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• What are some valuable conferences for game developers?

  - by Tommy

  Lately I was thinking of visiting a Game Developer Conference and so I search the Internet, but I didn't find a thorough list of available Conferences. Now I know some of them, like the GDC in San Francisco but I was wondering, what other Game Developer Conferences are out there. So my question is: What Game Dev Conferences do you know, that are valuable for Game Developers and Game Designers? Have you visited one of these Conferences yourself? Is there a skill level needed to appreciate such a Conference? I am aware, that there is no "true" answer to this question, but I think, that an overview over existing Conferences could be usefull for all levels of game developers.

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• How can I make a game like doodlejump XNA c#

  - by Ramy

  I wanted to know how can I make the background scroll down like doodlejump. I have a game made and I have to transform it so it's like doodle jump, but I'm wonder how or where to look so I can make he background keep moving as in progressing through the background till let's say the character dies. namespace IFM20884 { using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Content; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics; public abstract class BackgroundScroll : Sprite { private float speedOfBackground = 0.2f; // speed that the background moves public BackgroundScroll (GraphicsDeviceManager graphics) : base(graphics.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Width / 2f, graphics.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Height / 2f) { } //Getter public float speedOfBackground { get { return this.speedOfBackground ; } set { this.speedOfBackground = value; } } public override void Update(GameTime gameTime, GraphicsDeviceManager graphics) { //Makes background go down. ForcePosition(Position.X, Position.Y + (gameTime.ElapsedGameTime.Milliseconds * this.speedOfBackground )); if (Position.Y - (Height / 2) > graphics.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Height) { ForcePosition(Position.X, Position.Y - this.Height); } } public override void Draw(SpriteBatch spriteBatch) { ForcePosition(Position.X, Position.Y - this.Height); base.Draw(spriteBatch); ForcerPosition(Position.X, Position.Y + this.Height); base.Draw(spriteBatch); } } }

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• Decal implementation

  - by dreta

  I had issues finding information about decals, so maybe this question will help others. The implementation is for a forward renderer. Could somebody confirm if i got decal implementation right? You define a cube of any dimension that'll define the projection volume in common space. You check for triangle intersection with the defined cube to recieve triangles that the projection will affect. You clip these triangles and save them. You then use matrix tricks to calculate UV coordinates for the saved triangles that'll reference the texture you're projecting. To do this you take the vectors representing height, width and depth of the cube in common space, so that f.e. the bottom left corner is the origin. You put that in a matrix as the i, j, k unit vectors, set the translation for the cube, then you inverse this matrix. You multiply the vertices of the saved triangles by this matrix, that way you get their coordinates inside of a 0 to 1 size cube that you use as the UV coordinates. This way you have the original triangles you're projecting onto and you have UV coordinates for them (the UV coordinates are referencing the texture you're projecting). Then you rerender the saved triangles onto the scene and they overwrite the area of projection with the projected image. Now the questions that i couldn't find answers for. Is the last point right? I've never done software clipping, but it seems error prone enough, due to limited precision, that the'll be some z fighting occuring for the projected texture. Also is the way of getting UV coordinates correct?

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• Index out of bounds, Java bukkit plugin

  - by Robby Duke

  I'm getting index out of bounds errors in my Bukkit plugin, and it's really beginning to piss me off... I for the life of me can't figure this issue out! Caused by: java.lang.IndexOutOfBoundsException: Index: 1, Size: 1 This is where I believe the code to be erroring... for(int i = 0; i <= staffOnline.size(); i++) { if(i == staffOnline.size()) { staffList = staffList + staffOnline.get(i); } else { staffList = staffList + staffOnline.get(i) + ", "; } }

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• State of the art Culling and Batching techniques in rendering

  - by Kristian Skarseth

  I'm currently working with upgrading and restructuring an OpenGL render engine. The engine is used for visualising large scenes of architectural data (buildings with interior), and the amount of objects can become rather large. As is the case with any building, there is a lot of occluded objects within walls, and you naturally only see the objects that are in the same room as you, or the exterior if you are on the outside. This leaves a large number of objects that should be occluded through occlusion culling and frustum culling. At the same time there is a lot of repetative geometry that can be batched in renderbatches, and also a lot of objects that can be rendered with instanced rendering. The way I see it, it can be difficult to combine renderbatching and culling in an optimal fashion. If you batch too many objects in the same VBO it's difficult to cull the objects on the CPU in order to skip rendering that batch. At the same time if you skip the culling on the cpu, a lot of objects will be processed by the GPU while they are not visible. If you skip batching copletely in order to more easily cull on the CPU, there will be an unwanted high amount of render calls. I have done some research into existing techniques and theories as to how these problems are solved in modern graphics, but I have not been able to find any concrete solution. An idea a colleague and me came up with was restricting batches to objects relatively close to eachother e.g all chairs in a room or within a radius of n meeters. This could be simplified and optimized through use of oct-trees. Does anyone have any pointers to techniques used for scene managment, culling, batching etc in state of the art modern graphics engines?

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• Where can I buy freely redistributable (creative commons) game assets?

  - by Erlend

  I'd like to know about any 3D asset shops out there that specialize in game assets and, most importantly, license their assets under an open license like Creative Commons or similarly permissive. We are looking to buy some professional looking assets for use and redistribution with our open source 3D game engine. The problem is that all the commercial 3D assets we've come by are only sold under very restrictive licenses, which won't allow us to include the models in our code repository (since free code hosting repositories require that all your data, including media, is open source or otherwise copyleft) nor in turn redistribute the assets as part of our downloadable SDK. I realize this sounds like a weak business idea, since users could just buy the asset and start sharing it with everyone. But somehow this has worked for hundreds of WordPress theme shops, so I was hoping maybe someone's trying similar things for commercial game assets.

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• OpenGL: Attempt to allocate a texture to big for the current hardware

  - by AnonymousMan

  I'm getting the following error: java.io.IOException: Attempt to allocate a texture to big for the current hardware at org.newdawn.slick.opengl.InternalTextureLoader.getTexture(InternalTextureLoader.java:320) at org.newdawn.slick.opengl.InternalTextureLoader.getTexture(InternalTextureLoader.java:254) at org.newdawn.slick.opengl.InternalTextureLoader.getTexture(InternalTextureLoader.java:200) at org.newdawn.slick.opengl.TextureLoader.getTexture(TextureLoader.java:64) at org.newdawn.slick.opengl.TextureLoader.getTexture(TextureLoader.java:24) The image I'm trying to use is 128x128. System.out.println(GL11.glGetInteger(GL11.GL_MAX_TEXTURE_SIZE)); I get: 32. 32??!! My graphics card is AMD Radeon HD 7970M with 2048 MB GDDR5 RAM, I can run all the latest games in 1080p and 60fps with no problem, and those textures sure as hell doesn't look like they are 32x32 pixels to me! How can I fix this? -- Edit: Here's the chaos code I use to init OpenGL: Display.setDisplayMode(new DisplayMode(500,500)); Display.create(); if (!GLContext.getCapabilities().OpenGL11) { throw new Exception("OpenGL 1.1 not supported."); } Display.setTitle("Game"); glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); glLoadIdentity(); GLU.gluPerspective(45, 1, 0.1f, 5000); Mouse.setGrabbed(true); glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW); glLoadIdentity(); glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D); glClearColor(0, 0, 0, 0); glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST); glDepthFunc(GL_LEQUAL); glHint(GL_PERSPECTIVE_CORRECTION_HINT, GL_NICEST); glBlendFunc(GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA); glEnable(GL_BLEND); glEnable(GL_POINT_SMOOTH); glEnable(GL_LINE_SMOOTH); glEnable(GL_POLYGON_SMOOTH); glEnable(GL_POLYGON_OFFSET_FILL); glShadeModel(GL_SMOOTH); Display is a LWJGL thing, it makes the OpenGL context and the window. Anyway, I don't think there's anything in the init code that can help me but you never know...

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