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  • Best way to prevent UIPanGestureRecognizer from firing when moving sprites in cocos2d

    - by cjroebuck
    Im using UIPanGestureRecognizer in my cocos2d game to do drag and drop of sprites. I have a row of sprites and when I drag a sprite on top of another one, the sprite underneath it and any other sprites between should shift left or right out of the way to allow space to drop the currently selected sprite. This is working ok, however, if I am too quick at dragging the sprite around the screen, this triggers another round of the UIPanGestureRecognizer's callback method, and screws up the logic, as the sprites are in-between shifting. I need a way to freeze the callback from firing, whilst the other sprites are shifting, then once they have finished moving, re-enable the callback to fire. Whats the best way to do this?

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  • Multi Pass Blend

    - by Kirk Patrick
    I am seeking the simplest working example of a two pass HLSL pixel shader. It can do anything really, but the main idea is to perform "ping ponging" to take the output of the first pass and then send it for the second pass. In my example I want to draw to the R channel and then draw to the G channel and produce a simple Venn Diagram in the shader, but need to detect overlap. I can currently detect one or the other but not overlap. There are a red and green circle overlapping, and I want to put a dynamic texture map in the overlap region. I can currently put it in either or. Below is how it looks in the shader. -------------------------------- Texture2D shaderTexture; SamplerState SampleType; ////////////// // TYPEDEFS // ////////////// struct PixelInputType { float4 position : SV_POSITION; float2 tex0 : TEXCOORD0; float2 tex1 : TEXCOORD1; float4 color : COLOR; }; //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // Pixel Shader //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// float4 main(PixelInputType input) : SV_TARGET { float4 textureColor0; float4 textureColor1; // Sample the pixel color from the texture using the sampler at this texture coordinate location. textureColor0 = shaderTexture.Sample(SampleType, input.tex0); textureColor1 = shaderTexture.Sample(SampleType, input.tex1); if (input.color[0]==1.0f && input.color[1]==1.0f) // Requires multi-pass textureColor0 = textureColor1; return textureColor0; } Here is the calling code (that needs to be modified) m_d3dContext->IASetVertexBuffers(0, 2, vbs, strides, offsets); m_d3dContext->IASetIndexBuffer(m_indexBuffer.Get(), DXGI_FORMAT_R32_UINT,0); m_d3dContext->IASetPrimitiveTopology(D3D11_PRIMITIVE_TOPOLOGY_TRIANGLELIST); m_d3dContext->IASetInputLayout(m_inputLayout.Get()); m_d3dContext->VSSetShader(m_vertexShader.Get(), nullptr, 0); m_d3dContext->VSSetConstantBuffers(0, 1, m_constantBuffer.GetAddressOf()); m_d3dContext->PSSetShader(m_pixelShader.Get(), nullptr, 0); m_d3dContext->PSSetShaderResources(0, 1, m_SRV.GetAddressOf()); m_d3dContext->PSSetSamplers(0, 1, m_QuadsTexSamplerState.GetAddressOf());

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  • Simulating smooth movement along a line after calculating a collision containing a restitution of zero in 2D

    - by Casey
    [for tl;dr see after listing] //...Code to determine shapes types involved in collision here... //...Rectangle-Line collision detected. if(_rbTest->GetCollisionShape()->Intersects(*_ground->GetCollisionShape())) { //Convert incoming shape to a line. a2de::Line l(*dynamic_cast<a2de::Line*>(_ground->GetCollisionShape())); //Get line's normal. a2de::Vector2D normal_vector(l.GetSlope().GetY(), -l.GetSlope().GetX()); a2de::Vector2D::Normalize(normal_vector); //Accumulate forces involved. a2de::Vector2D intermediate_forces; a2de::Vector2D normal_force = normal_vector * _rbTest->GetMass() * _world->GetGravityHandler()->GetGravityValue(); intermediate_forces += normal_force; //Calculate final velocity: See [1] double Ma = _rbTest->GetMass(); a2de::Vector2D Ua = _rbTest->GetVelocity(); double Mb = _ground->GetMass(); a2de::Vector2D Ub = _ground->GetVelocity(); double mCr = Mb * _ground->GetRestitution(); a2de::Vector2D collision_velocity( ((Ma * Ua) + (Mb * Ub) + ((mCr * Ub) - (mCr * Ua))) / (Ma + Mb)); //Calculate reflection vector: See [2] a2de::Vector2D reflect_velocity( -collision_velocity + 2 * (a2de::Vector2D::DotProduct(collision_velocity, normal_vector)) * normal_vector ); //Affect velocity to account for restitution of colliding bodies. reflect_velocity *= (_ground->GetRestitution() * _rbTest->GetRestitution()); _rbTest->SetVelocity(reflect_velocity); //THE ULTIMATE ISSUE STEMS FROM THE FOLLOWING LINE: //Move object away from collision one pixel to prevent constant collision. _rbTest->SetPosition(_rbTest->GetPosition() + normal_vector); _rbTest->ApplyImpulse(intermediate_forces); } Sources: (1) Wikipedia: Coefficient of Restitution: Speeds after impact (2) Wikipedia: Specular Reflection: Direction of reflection First, I have a system in place to account for friction (that is, a coefficient of friction) but is not used right now (in addition, it is zero, which should not affect the math anyway). I'll deal with that after I get this working. Anyway, when the restitution of either object involved in the collision is zero the object stops as required, but if movement along the same direction (again, irrespective of the friction value that isn't used) as the line is attempted the object moves as if slogging through knee deep snow. If I remove the line of code in question and the object is not push away one pixel the object barely moves at all. All because the object collides, is stopped, is pushed up, collides, is stopped...etc. OR collides, is stopped, collides, is stopped, etc... TL;DR How do I only account for a collision ONCE for restitution purposes (BONUS: but CONTINUALLY for frictional purposes, to be implemented later)

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  • Can anyone recommend an AI sandbox?

    - by user19433
    I'm passionate person, who has been around AI from a long time [1] but never going in deep enough. Now it's time! I've been really looking for some way to concentrate on AI coding but couldn't succeeded to find an AI environment I can focus on. I just want to use an AI sandbox environment which would let me have tools like: visibility information character controller able to easily define a level, with obstacles of course physics collider management triggers management don't need to be a shiny, eye candy graphical render : this is about pathfinding, tactical reasoning, etc.. I have tried : Unreal Dev Kit : while the new release announce is about C++ coding, this is about external tools and will be released in 2013 Cry Engine : really interesting as AI is presents here but coding with it appears to be an hell: did I got it wrong ? Half Life source, C4, Torque, Dx Studio : either quite old, not very useful or costly these imply to dig in documentation (when provided) to code everything, graphics included. Unity 3D : the most promising platform. While you also need to create your own environment, there are lot of examples. The disadvantage is, in addition to spend time to have this env. working, is the languages choice : C#, Javascript or Boo. C# is not that hard, but this implies you'll allways have to convert papers (I love those from Lars Linden) books codes, or anything you can have in Aigamedev are most often in C++. This is extra work. I've look at "Simple Path", the very good Arong Greenberg work but no source provided and AngryAnt work. AI Sandbox : this seems to be exactly what as AI coder I want to use. I saw some preview but from 2009 we still don't know what it will be about precisely, will it be opensource or free (I strongly doubt), will I be able to buy it? will it really provide me tools I need to focus on AI ? That being said, what is the best environment to be able to focus on AI coding only, is it even possible?

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  • How do I draw anti-aliased holes in a bitmap

    - by gyozo kudor
    I have an artillery game (hobby-learning project) and when the projectile hits it leaves a hole in the ground. I want this hole to have antialiased edges. I'm using System.Drawing for this. I've tried with clipping paths, and drawing with a transparent color using gfx.CompositingMode = CompositingMode.SourceCopy, but it gives me the same result. If I draw a circle with a solid color it works fine, but I need a hole, a circle with 0 alpha values. I have enabled these but they work only with solid colors: gfx.CompositingQuality = CompositingQuality.HighQuality; gfx.InterpolationMode = InterpolationMode.HighQualityBicubic; gfx.SmoothingMode = SmoothingMode.AntiAlias; In the two pictures consider black as being transparent. This is what I have (zoomed in): And what I need is something like this (made with photoshop): This will be just a visual effect, in code for collision detection I still treat everything with alpha 128 as solid. Edit: I'm usink OpenTK for this game. But for this question I think it doesn't really matter probably it is gdi+ related.

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  • Input Handling and Game loop

    - by Bob Coder
    So, I intercept the WM_KEYDOWN and other messages. Thing is, my game can't/shouldn't react to these messages just yet, since my game might be currently drawing to the screen or in the middle of updating my game entities. So the idea is to keep a keyboardstate and mousestate, which is updated by the part of my code that intercepts the windows messages. These states just keep track of which keys/buttons are currently pressed. Then, at the start of my game's update function, I access these keyboard and mouse states and my game reacts to the user input. Now, which is the best way to access these states? I assume that windows messages can be sent whenever, so the keyboard/mouse states are constantly being edited. Accessing say a list of currently pressed keys in the keyboard state the same time another part of the code is editing the list would cause problems. Should I make a deep copy of a state and act on that? How would I deal with the garbage generated though, this would take place every frame.

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  • Changing balls direction in Pong

    - by hustlerinc
    I'm making a Pong game to get started with game-developement but I've run into a problem that i can't figure out. When trying to change the balls direction it doesn't change. This is the relevant code: function moveBall(){ this.speed = 2.5; this.direction = 2; if(this.direction == 1){ ball.X +=this.speed; } else if(this.direction == 2){ ball.X -=this.speed; } } function collision(){ if(ball.X == 500){ moveBall.direction = 2; } if(ball.X == 300){ moveBall.direction = 1; } } Why doesn't it work? I've tried many different ways, and none of them seem to work. The moveBall.direction changes though, since it alerts the new direction once it reaches the defined ball.X position. If someone could help me I would deeply appreciate it. I've included a JSFiddle link. http://jsfiddle.net/hustlerinc/y4wp3/

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  • Xna GS 4 Animation Sample bone transforms not copying correctly

    - by annonymously
    I have a person model that is animated and a suitcase model that is not. The person can pick up the suitcase and it should move to the location of the hand bone of the person model. Unfortunately the suitcase doesn't follow the animation correctly. it moves with the hand's animation but its position is under the ground and way too far to the right. I haven't scaled any of the models myself. Thank you. The source code (forgive the rough prototype code): Matrix[] tran = new Matrix[man.model.Bones.Count];// The absolute transforms from the animation player man.model.CopyAbsoluteBoneTransformsTo(tran); Vector3 suitcasePos, suitcaseScale, tempSuitcasePos = new Vector3();// Place holders for the Matrix Decompose Quaternion suitcaseRot = new Quaternion(); // The transformation of the right hand bone is decomposed tran[man.model.Bones["HPF_RightHand"].Index].Decompose(out suitcaseScale, out suitcaseRot, out tempSuitcasePos); suitcasePos = new Vector3(); suitcasePos.X = tempSuitcasePos.Z;// The axes are inverted for some reason suitcasePos.Y = -tempSuitcasePos.Y; suitcasePos.Z = -tempSuitcasePos.X; suitcase.Position = man.Position + suitcasePos;// The actual Suitcase properties suitcase.Rotation = man.Rotation + new Vector3(suitcaseRot.X, suitcaseRot.Y, suitcaseRot.Z); I am also copying the bone transforms from the animation player in the Person class like so: // The transformations from the AnimationPlayer Matrix[] skinTrans = new Matrix[model.Bones.Count]; skinTrans = player.GetBoneTransforms(); // copy each transformation to its corresponding bone for (int i = 0; i < skinTrans.Length; i++) { model.Bones[i].Transform = skinTrans[i]; }

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  • How to convert from wav or mp3 to raw PCM [on hold]

    - by Komyg
    I am developing a game using Cocos2d-X and Marmalade SDK, and I am looking for any recommendations of programs that can convert audio files in mp3 or wav format to raw PCM 16 format. The problem is that I am using the SimpleAudioEngine class to play sounds in my game and in Marmalade it only supports files that are encoded as raw PCM 16. Unfortunately I've been having a very hard time finding a program that can do this type of conversion, so I am looking for a recommendation.

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  • What is the best type of c# timer to use with an Unity game that uses many timers simultaneously?

    - by Kyle Seidlitz
    I am developing a stand-alone 3d game in Unity that will have anywhere from 1 to 200 timers running simultaneously. For this game timer durations will range from 5 minutes to 4 days. There will not be any countdown displays or any UI for the timers. An object will be selected, a menu choice will then be selected, and the timer will start. Several events will occur at different intervals during the duration of the timer. The events will be confined to changing the material of the selected object, and calling a 1 second sound effect like a chime or a bell. If the user wants to save or end the game before all the timers are done, the start of the still running timers is to be saved to an XML file such that when the game is started again, any still running timers will have a calculation done to see if the timer is then done, where the game will change the materials appropriately. I am still trying to figure out what type of timer to use, and see also if there are any suggestions for saving and calculating times over several days. What class(es) of timers should I use? Are there any special issues I should look out for in terms of performance?

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  • Collision Resolution

    - by CiscoIPPhone
    I know quite well how to check for collisions, but I don't know how to handle the collision in a good way. Simplified, if two objects collide I use some calculations to change the velocity direction. If I don't move the two objects they will still overlap and if the velocity is not big enough they will still collide after next update. This can cause objects to get stuck in each other. But what if I try to move the two objects so they do not overlap. This sounds like a good idea but I have realised that if there is more than two objects this becomes very complicated. What if I move the two objects and one of them collides with other objects so I have to move them too and they may collide with walls etc. I have a top down 2D game in mind but I don't think that has much to do with it. How are collisions usually handled? This question is asked on behalf of Wooh

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  • CCUserDefault, iOS/Android and game updates

    - by Luke
    My game uses cocos2d-x and will be published on iOS platform first, later on Android. I save a lot of things with CCUserDefault (scores, which level was completed, number of coins taken, etc...). But now I have a big doubt. What will happen when the game will receive its first update? CCUserDefault uses an XML file stored somewhere in the app storage space. This file is created and retained until one uninstalls the app. I am wondering what happens when the app is updated. Will the old XML file be maintained? Because if not, how should I handle app updates (updates in the sense that 2, 3 or more new level packages will be added, but the informations about the old ones, like scores, which level was finished and which not, number of coins, etc., need absolutely not to be lost)?

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  • Mapping dynamic buffers in Direct3D11 in Windows Store apps

    - by Donnie
    I'm trying to make instanced geometry in Direct3D11, and the ID3D11DeviceContext1->Map() call is failing with the very helpful error of "Invalid Parameter" when I'm attempting to update the instance buffer. The buffer is declared as a member variable: Microsoft::WRL::ComPtr<ID3D11Buffer> m_instanceBuffer; Then I create it (which succeeds): D3D11_BUFFER_DESC instanceDesc; ZeroMemory(&instanceDesc, sizeof(D3D11_BUFFER_DESC)); instanceDesc.Usage = D3D11_USAGE_DYNAMIC; instanceDesc.ByteWidth = sizeof(InstanceData) * MAX_INSTANCE_COUNT; instanceDesc.BindFlags = D3D11_BIND_VERTEX_BUFFER; instanceDesc.CPUAccessFlags = D3D11_CPU_ACCESS_WRITE; instanceDesc.MiscFlags = 0; instanceDesc.StructureByteStride = 0; DX::ThrowIfFailed(d3dDevice->CreateBuffer(&instanceDesc, NULL, &m_instanceBuffer)); However, when I try to map it: D3D11_MAPPED_SUBRESOURCE inst; DX::ThrowIfFailed(d3dContext->Map(m_instanceBuffer.Get(), 0, D3D11_MAP_WRITE, 0, &inst)); The map call fails with E_INVALIDARG. Nothing is NULL incorrectly, and this being one of my first D3D apps I'm currently stumped on what to do next to track it down. I'm thinking I must be creating the buffer incorrectly, but I can't see how. Any input would be appreciated.

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  • Wheel rotation, to change velocity of vehicle

    - by Lewis
    I update the velocity of my vehicle like so: [v setVelocity: ((2 * 3.14 * 100 * (wheel.getRotationValue / 360) / 30)) * gameSpeed]; // update on 60 fps this gets velocity on all frames divide by 60 for 1 frame. This is done in my update method in my world class. Now wheel.getRotationValue returns the rotation value which is worked out like this: - (void)ccTouchesMoved:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event { UITouch *touch = [touches anyObject]; CGPoint location = [touch locationInView:[touch view]]; location = [[CCDirector sharedDirector] convertToGL:location]; if (CGRectContainsPoint(wheel.boundingBox, location)) { CGPoint firstLocation = [touch previousLocationInView:[touch view]]; CGPoint location = [touch locationInView:[touch view]]; CGPoint touchingPoint = [[CCDirector sharedDirector] convertToGL:location]; CGPoint firstTouchingPoint = [[CCDirector sharedDirector] convertToGL:firstLocation]; CGPoint firstVector = ccpSub(firstTouchingPoint, wheel.position); CGFloat firstRotateAngle = -ccpToAngle(firstVector); CGFloat previousTouch = CC_RADIANS_TO_DEGREES(firstRotateAngle); CGPoint vector = ccpSub(touchingPoint, wheel.position); CGFloat rotateAngle = -ccpToAngle(vector); CGFloat currentTouch = CC_RADIANS_TO_DEGREES(rotateAngle); float limit = 0.5; rotationValue += (currentTouch - previousTouch) * limit; } touching = YES; } Say I steer the vehicle to the far right of the screen, and want to move it to the far left, It wont start moving to the left of the screen until the rotationValue is past 0 degrees again (the wheel is in its center posistion) and is dragged past this value. Is there anyway to change the code I have above, so that movement on the wheel is recognised instantly and updates the velocity of v instantly too?

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  • Question about component based design: handling objects interaction

    - by Milo
    I'm not sure how exactly objects do things to other objects in a component based design. Say I have an Obj class. I do: Obj obj; obj.add(new Position()); obj.add(new Physics()); How could I then have another object not only move the ball but have those physics applied. I'm not looking for implementation details but rather abstractly how objects communicate. In an entity based design, you might just have: obj1.emitForceOn(obj2,5.0,0.0,0.0); Any article or explanation to get a better grasp on a component driven design and how to do basic things would be really helpful.

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  • (libgdx) Button doesn't work

    - by StercoreCode
    At the game I choose StopScreen. At this screen displays button. But if I click it - it doesn't work. What I expect - when I press button it must restart game. At this stage must display at least a message that the button is pressed. I tried to create new and clear project. Main class implement ApplicationListener. I put the same code in the appropriate methods. And it's works! But if i create this button in my game - it doesn't work. When i play and go to the StopScreen, i saw button. But if i click, or touch, nothing happens. I think that the proplem at the InputListener, although i set the stage as InputProcessor. Gdx.input.setInputProcessor(stage); I also try to addListener for Button as ClickListener. But it gave no results. Or it maybe problem that i implements Screen method - not ApplicationListener or Game. But if StopScreen implement ApplicationListener, at the mainGame I can't to setScreen. Just interests question: why button displays but nothing happens to it? Here is the code of StopScreen if it helps find my mistake: public class StopScreen implements Screen{ private OrthographicCamera camera; private SpriteBatch batch; public Stage stage; //** stage holds the Button **// private BitmapFont font; //** same as that used in Tut 7 **// private TextureAtlas buttonsAtlas; //** image of buttons **// private Skin buttonSkin; //** images are used as skins of the button **// public TextButton button; //** the button - the only actor in program **// public StopScreen(CurrusGame currusGame) { camera = new OrthographicCamera(); camera.setToOrtho(false, 800, 480); batch = new SpriteBatch(); buttonsAtlas = new TextureAtlas("button.pack"); //** button atlas image **// buttonSkin = new Skin(); buttonSkin.addRegions(buttonsAtlas); //** skins for on and off **// font = AssetLoader.font; //** font **// stage = new Stage(); stage.clear(); Gdx.input.setInputProcessor(stage); TextButton.TextButtonStyle style = new TextButton.TextButtonStyle(); style.up = buttonSkin.getDrawable("ButtonOff"); style.down = buttonSkin.getDrawable("ButtonOn"); style.font = font; button = new TextButton("PRESS ME", style); //** Button text and style **// button.setPosition(100, 100); //** Button location **// button.setHeight(100); //** Button Height **// button.setWidth(100); //** Button Width **// button.addListener(new InputListener() { public boolean touchDown(InputEvent event, float x, float y, int pointer, int button) { Gdx.app.log("my app", "Pressed"); return true; } public void touchUp(InputEvent event, float x, float y, int pointer, int button) { Gdx.app.log("my app", "Released"); } }); stage.addActor(button); } @Override public void render(float delta) { Gdx.gl.glClearColor(0, 1, 0, 1); Gdx.gl.glClear(GL20.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT); stage.act(); batch.setProjectionMatrix(camera.combined); batch.begin(); stage.draw(); batch.end(); }

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  • Any open source editor to make video games online without programming knowledge?

    - by chelder
    With Scratch we can create video games online, from its web platform, and publish them on the same web. I could download its source code and use it, as many others already did (see Scratch modifications). Unfortunately, we need programming knowledge to use it. Actually, Scratch is mainly for teaching kids to code. I also found editors like Construct 2, GameSalad Creator and many others (just type on Google: create a video game without programming). With those editors we can create video games without coding. Unfortunately they are neither open source nor web platform. They need to be installed on Windows or Mac. Do you know some editor like Construct 2 or GameSalad Creator but open source and executable from a web server? Maybe some HTML5 game engine can do it?

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  • Low complexity shader to indicate the sides of a polyline

    - by Pris
    I have a bunch of polylines that I draw using GL_LINES. They can have thousands of points. They actually represent the separation of land and water on a map. I don't have complete polygons, just the ordered set of points. I'm looking for a neat but efficient way to visually convey Side A and Side B as being different. For example I could offset the polyline in one direction a few times and fade it out (but every offset is doubling the number of points), or offset it once to make a "ribbon" and give one side a 'glow' like effect to mimic the outer glow or shadow of a polygon). This is for a mobile application and I'm using OpenGL ES 2. I'd like to keep the effect as simple as possible from a complexity stand point. I'm looking for some additional ideas; maybe there's a clever shader technique out there or a visual effect I haven't considered.

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  • How can I chose the depth of a quadtree?

    - by Evpok
    In a 2d world, using a quadtree to prune pairs in collision detection, how can I chose the depth of said quadtree? The world I am dealing with is mostly made of moving objects¹, so the cost of dispatching the objects between the quadtree cells matter. So what I am interested in is the balance between the gain from less collision checking and the loss from more dispatching. 1. To be completely explicit, autonomous self-replicating cells competing for food sources, in an attempt to show my pupils predator-prey dynamics and genetic evolution at work

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  • What can make a peaceful game successful?

    - by Miro
    Today, the most successful games are action games like FPS, RPG, MMORPG... I'd like to make peaceful game, but I don't know how to attract people. I can make good graphics, but that's not the main thing that makes people like game more that couple of minutes. The content is important. In game styles mentioned in beginning are main content fight, kill others, make from yourself predator/the most powerful creature/player in the game. But what content can attract people in peaceful game?

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  • How can I save state from script in a multithreaded engine?

    - by Peter Ren
    We are building a multithreaded game engine and we've encountered some problems as described below. The engine have 3 threads in total: script, render, and audio. Each frame, we update these 3 threads simultaneously. As these threads updating themselves, they produce some tasks and put them into a public storage area. As all the threads finish their update, each thread go and copy the tasks for themselves one by one. After all the threads finish their task copying, we make the threads process those tasks and update these threads simultaneously as described before. So this is the general idea of the task schedule part of our engine. Ok, well, all the task schedule part work well, but here's the problem: For the simplest, I'll take Camera as an example: local oldPos = camera:getPosition() -- ( 0, 0, 0 ) camera:setPosition( 1, 1, 1 ) -- Won't work now, cuz the render thread will process the task at the beginning of the next frame local newPos = camera:getPosition() -- Still ( 0, 0, 0 ) So that's the problem: If you intend to change a property of an object in another thread, you have to wait until that thread process this property-changing message. As a result, what you get from the object is still the information in the last frame. So, is there a way to solve this problem? Or are we build the task schedule part in a wrong way? Thanks for your answers :)

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  • Arbitrary projection matrix from 6 arbitrary frustum planes

    - by Doub
    A projection matrix represent a tranformation from the camera view space to the rendering system clip space. In other words, it defines the transormation between a 6-sided frustum to the clip cube. The glOrtho and glFrustum use only 6 parameter to define such a projection, but impose several constraints on the frustum that will get projected to the clip cube: the near and far planes are parallel, the left and right planes intersect on a vertical line, and the top and bottom planes intersect on a horizontal lines, both lines being parallel to the near and far planes. I'd like to lift these restrictions. So, from the definition of the 6 frustum side planes (in whatever representation you see fit), how can I compute a general projection matrix?

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  • Drawing multiple objects from one Vertex Buffer Object in OpenGL/OpenTK

    - by stoney78us
    I am trying to experimenting drawing method using VBO in OpenGL. Many people normally use 1 vbo to store one object data array. I was trying to do something quite opposite which is storing multiple object data into 1 vbo then drawing it. There is story behind why i want to do this. I want to group many of objects as a single object sometime. However my code doesn't do the justice. Following is my pseudo code: //Data double[] vertices = {line strip 1, line strip 2, line strip 3}; //series of vertices int linestrip1offset = index of the first vertex in line strip 1; int linestrip2offset = index of the first vertex in line strip 2; int linestrip3offset = index of the first vertex in line strip 3; int linestrip1VertexNum = number of vertices in linestrip 1; int linestrip2VertexNum = number of vertices in linestrip 2; int linestrip3VertexNum = number of vertices in linestrip 3; //Setting Up void init() { int[] vBO = new int[1]; GL.GenBuffer(1, vBO); GL.BindBuffer(BufferTarget.ArrayBuffer, vBO[0]); GL.BufferData(BufferTarget.ArrayBuffer, new IntPtr(_vertices.Length * sizeof(double)), _vertices, BufferUsageHint.StaticDraw); GL.EnableClientState(Array.VertexArray); } //Drawing void draw() { GL.BindBuffer(BufferTarget.ArrayBuffer, vBO[0]); GL.EnableClientState(ArrayCap.VertexArray); GL.VertexPointer(3, VertexPointerType.Double, 0, linestrip1offset); //drawing first linestrip GL.DrawArrays(drawMode, linestrip1offset , linestrip1VertexNum ); GL.VertexPointer(3, VertexPointerType.Double, 0, linestrip2offset); //drawing second linestrip GL.DrawArrays(drawMode, linestrip2offset , linestrip2VertexNum ); GL.VertexPointer(3, VertexPointerType.Double, 0, linestrip3offset); //drawing third linestrip GL.DrawArrays(drawMode, linestrip3offset , linestrip3VertexNum ); GL.DisableClientState(ArrayCap.VertexArray); GL.BindBuffer(BufferTarget.ArrayBuffer, 0); } I don't know what i did wrong but i think technically it should work where we can tell OpenGL which part of the data in the vBO to be drawn.

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  • Pygame: Save a list of objects/classes/surfaces

    - by Sam Tubb
    I am working on a game, in which you can create mazes. You place blocks on a 16x16 grid, while choosing from a variety of block to make the level with. Whenever you create a block, it adds this class: class Block(object): def __init__(self,x,y,spr): self.x=x self.y=y self.sprite=spr self.rect=self.sprite.get_rect(x=self.x,y=self.y) to a list called instances. I tried shelving it to a .bin file, but it returns some error dealing with surfaces. How can I go about saving and loading levels? Any help is appreciated! :) Here is the whole code for reference: import pygame from pygame.locals import * #initstuff pygame.init() screen=pygame.display.set_mode((640,480)) pygame.display.set_caption('PiMaze') instances=[] #loadsprites menuspr=pygame.image.load('images/menu.png').convert() b1spr=pygame.image.load('images/b1.png').convert() b2spr=pygame.image.load('images/b2.png').convert() currentbspr=b1spr curspr=pygame.image.load('images/curs.png').convert() curspr.set_colorkey((0,255,0)) #menu menuspr.set_alpha(185) menurect=menuspr.get_rect(x=-260,y=4) class MenuItem(object): def __init__(self,pos,spr): self.x=pos[0] self.y=pos[1] self.sprite=spr self.pos=(self.x,self.y) self.rect=self.sprite.get_rect(x=self.x,y=self.y) class Block(object): def __init__(self,x,y,spr): self.x=x self.y=y self.sprite=spr self.rect=self.sprite.get_rect(x=self.x,y=self.y) while True: #menu items b1menu=b1spr.get_rect(x=menurect.left+32,y=48) b2menu=b2spr.get_rect(x=menurect.left+64,y=48) menuitems=[MenuItem(b1menu,b1spr),MenuItem(b2menu,b2spr)] screen.fill((20,30,85)) mse=pygame.mouse.get_pos() key=pygame.key.get_pressed() placepos=((mse[0]/16)*16,(mse[1]/16)*16) if key[K_q]: if mse[0]<260: if menurect.right<255: menurect.right+=1 else: if menurect.left>-260: menurect.left-=1 else: if menurect.left>-260: menurect.left-=1 for e in pygame.event.get(): if e.type==QUIT: exit() if menurect.right<100: if e.type==MOUSEBUTTONUP: if e.button==1: to_remove = [i for i in instances if i.rect.collidepoint(placepos)] for i in to_remove: instances.remove(i) if not to_remove: instances.append(Block(placepos[0],placepos[1],currentbspr)) for i in instances: screen.blit(i.sprite,i.rect) if not key[K_q]: screen.blit(curspr,placepos) screen.blit(menuspr,menurect) for item in menuitems: screen.blit(item.sprite,item.pos) if item.rect.collidepoint(mse): if pygame.mouse.get_pressed()==(1,0,0): currentbspr=item.sprite pygame.draw.rect(screen, ((255,0,0)), item, 1) pygame.display.flip()

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  • Displaying possible movement tiles

    - by Ash Blue
    What's the fastest way to highlight all possible movement tiles for a player on a square grid? Players can only move up, down, left, right. Tiles can cost more than one movement, multiple levels are available to move, and players can be larger than one tile. Think of games like Fire Emblem, Front Mission, and XCOM. My first thought was to recursively search for connecting tiles. This quickly demonstrated many shortcomings when blockers, movement costs, and other features were added into the mix. My second thought was to use an A* pathfinding algorithm to check all tiles presumed valid. Presumed valid tiles would come from an algorithm that generates a diamond of tiles from the player's speed (see example here http://jsfiddle.net/truefreestyle/Suww8/9/). Problem is this seems a little slow and expensive. Is there a faster way? Edit: In Lua for Corona SDK, I integrated the following movement generation controller. I've linked to a Gist here because the solution is around 90 lines of code. https://gist.github.com/ashblue/5546009

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