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  • running a web server with encrypted file system (all or part of it)

    - by Carlos
    Hi, I need a webserver (lamp) running inside a virtual machine (#1) running as a service (#2) in headless mode (#3) with part or the whole filesystem encrypted (#4). The virtual machine will be started with no user intervention and provide access to a web application for users in the host machine. Points #1,#2 and #3 are checked and proved to be working fine with Sun VirtualBox, so my question is for #4: Can I encrypt the all filesystem and still access the webserver (using a browser) or will grub ask me for a password? If encrypting the all filesystem is not an option, can I encrypt only /home and /var/www ? will apache/php be able to use files in /home or /var/www without asking for a password or mounting these partitions manually? Thanks

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  • Error when sending mail to an external mail server from Postfix on CentOS

    - by yankitwizzy
    I just installed Postfix. i have not yet done any configuration on it. Each time I try to use it to sendmail from another application, it keeps telling me that COnnection was refused from the ip I want to connect to. This is the error I get [root@localhost /]# telnet mail.abuse.org Trying 69.43.160.153... telnet: connect to address 69.43.160.153: Connection refused telnet: Unable to connect to remote host: Connection refused COuld someone please help me the problem

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  • How to automatically take daily HDD backup?

    - by user13107
    I think my HDD might have crashed. I don't want to lose data if this happens again. I have dual boot Windows/Ubuntu system. What is the best way to backup data and other software settings in Ubuntu? I don't care much about Windows partition, important stuff is in Ubuntu. I have 1 Tb external HDD (laptop HDD is of 500 gb total). One way would be to run rsync every day (or via cronjob) to backup everything to external HDD. What might be better ways of achieving this (backup)? Also are instant backup software recommended? Are there any disadvantages of instant backup as opposed to daily rsync?

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  • Proxmox: VMs and different public IPs

    - by Raj
    I have a server which has two NICs and both are directly connected to internet. I have five different public IP addresses available for the VMs. The host machine (Proxmox) doesn't need to use any (it'll use a private IP and that's all) but will have internet connection. I've gone through the Proxmox documentation and I'm not able to understand the big picture to set up the right network configuration for my needs. In short, what I have is: One server (Proxmox, host machine) On that server, 5 VMs are created 5 public IP addresses available (one for each VM), let's say: 80.123.21.1, 80.123.21.2, 80.123.21.3, 80.123.21.4, 80.123.21.5 What I have now for the host is the following: auto lo iface lo inet loopback auto eth0 iface eth0 inet manual auto eth1 iface eth1 inet manual auto vmbr0 iface vmbr0 inet static address 192.168.1.101 netmask 255.255.255.0 bridge_ports eth0 bridge_stp off bridge_fd 0 auto vmbr1 iface vmbr1 inet manual It can be reached from the internal network, so that's OK. It has internet connection, which is also OK. vmbr1 is going to be used by the VMs. Each VM will have its own IP on his network interfaces configuration file. For some reason, VMs will not have internet and they won't be able to have public IP address. If I use NAT, it will work correctly, but they will not use the public allocated IP addresses for them. Am I missing something?

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  • When HDD wakes up?

    - by NumberFour
    Im looking for some small script or application which could log the time when a non-system disk wakes up. I cannot identify which application or script wakes up my non-system drive (which has to be asleep until I work with it). I have already set the noatime flag, tried to use powertop and iotop to determine which application could prevent it from going to sleep - but with no result. So my plan is to set this drive asleep (hdparm -Y) and see at what time it gets regularly woken up. Thanks for any advice.

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  • Problem with Ubuntu 10.04 and ATI

    - by Maximilinao
    I'm having a problem installing the drivers from the video card. Just finished installing the driver, reboot my OS, and my monitor is starting off in energy saving mode and does not boot Ubuntu. What I can do? Sorry for my English. I used the Google translator.

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  • It's the ethernet 10/100 in LAN transfer faster than USB 1.0?

    - by dag729
    I have an old laptop (PIII 800MHz, with 256 RAM) that I wish to use as my home server: it'll have to serve just two people, so I think that I'll be more than ok as for the RAM and the CPU. The issue is about data, because the internal hard disk is a 12GB, that is...ridicolous! I have more than 60GB of mixed storage and counting (images, videos and music) in an external usb hd. I could put the hd in my desktop pc just to serve the big files through ethernet or let it inside its usb box attached to the laptop. The question is: which of these solutions will be the fastest? USB 1.0 attached to the server (laptop) or internal hard disk serving files via 10/100 ethernet to the laptop on demand?

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  • centos install / partitioning

    - by ServerSideX
    I'm using NOC-PS to remotely install Centos 6.2 via KVM / IPMI. I'm going to install cPanel as well and they recommend this layout /boot (99MB) swap (2x server RAM) / (remainder) In the o/s install profile within NOC-PS software, it shows as this: part /boot --fstype ext2 --size 250 part pv.01 --size 1 --grow volgroup vg pv.01 logvol / --vgname=vg --size=1 --grow --fstype ext4 --fsoptions=discard,noatime --name=root logvol /tmp --vgname=vg --size=1024 --fstype ext4 --fsoptions=discard,noatime --name=tmp logvol swap --vgname=vg --recommended --name=swap By the time the default partition setup was done installing Centos, I get this [root@server005 ~]# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/vg-root 532G 907M 504G 1% / tmpfs 7.8G 0 7.8G 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 243M 28M 202M 13% /boot /dev/mapper/vg-tmp 1008M 34M 924M 4% /tmp [root@server005 ~]# cat /etc/fstab # # /etc/fstab # Created by anaconda on Fri Dec 7 18:47:24 2012 # # Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk' # See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info # /dev/mapper/vg-root / ext4 discard,noatime 1 1 UUID=58b31aaf-5072-4fb1-a858-33bc316fa793 /boot ext2 defaults 1 2 /dev/mapper/vg-tmp /tmp ext4 discard,noatime 1 2 /dev/mapper/vg-swap swap swap defaults 0 0 tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0 devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0 sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0 proc /proc proc defaults 0 0 My question is, how should the NOC-PS install profile look like to get the recommended cPanel partitioning? The server has 16GB RAM, dual 600GB SAS drives and will be used for cPanel shared hosting.

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  • dhcp code for pxe server

    - by avoq
    I'm trying to understand every single line of the following script but to no avail. I'd be glad if someone could help me. For sure I know its purpose is to start the DHCP server as well as the TFTP...But I'm stuck: killall dnsmasq 2>/dev/null dnsmasq --enable-tftp --tftp-root=$PXEDATA/boot --dhcp-boot=pxelinux.0,"$IP",$IP --dhcp-range=$(echo $IP | cut -d. -f1-3).50,$(echo $IP | cut -d. -f1-3).250, infinite --dhcp-option=option:router,192.168.0.254 --log-dhcp Why killall, why dnsmasq 2 What does "2" stand for? "--" what does it mean? Thanks a lot.

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  • I can't write to a folder which I'm a member of

    - by user3265472
    I'm trying to setup folder access to a group so that all members of that group can create/edit/delete files within the folder. # create my group and add a member sudo addgroup dev sudo adduser martyn dev Now, logged in as "martyn", check my user has been added to "dev" group groups martyn martyn : martyn dev Now I want to change the group ownership of my project folder so all members of that group can edit it and files/folders within it. sudo chgrp -R dev myproject Just to check: martyn@localhost:/var/www$ ls -l total 4 drwxrwxr-x 3 dev dev 4096 May 31 15:53 myproject Now here's where it fails. I want to create a file within myproject (logged in as "martyn", a member of "dev"): vi myproject/test ..but when I try to save the file I get the following error: "myproject/test" E212: Can't open file for writing Why, as user "martyn" which is a member of "dev", can I not write this file? Even if I create the file so it exists, change the ownership to "dev" then try to edit and save - I get the same error.

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  • moving files and directories between two machine, via a third, preserving permissions and usernames

    - by Jarmund
    The situation is as follows: Machine A has a file repository accessible via rsync Machine B needs the above mentioned files with all permissions and ownerships intact (including groups etc) Machine C has access to both A and B, but has a completely different set of users. Normally, i would just rsync everything over, directly between A and B, but due to severely limited bandwidth at the moment, i need something different, as rsync times out after building the list of the 430 files (49Mb uncompressed... can be compressed down to ~7Mb). What i've tried so far: rsync everything over from A to C, tar it, copy the tarball over, and then untar it, however, this messes up the ownership and/or the permissions. To rsync it from A to C, i run this command: rsync --numeric-ids --password-file=/root/rsync_pwd_file -oaPvu rsync://[email protected]/portal_2/ ./portal_2/ ...and from the looks of things, they do end up on C with the correct ownerships/permissions/flags/everything (not 100% sure, though.. are there any more switches i can throw in there? did i miss something?) copying the tarball over is simple enough (slow as a one-legged turtle due to the bandwidth, but it checksums out alright) What i'm unsure of is the flags and switches for creating and extracting the tarball, so could someone please provide the full commands for creating a tarball from /root/portal_2 on machine C (with everything intact) and extracting the tarball into /var/ex/portal_2 on machine B? ? Also, are there any other approaches worth mentioning that could allow me to perform this? I have root access to A and C, whereas i only have rsync access to B. PS: I'm running rsync v2.6.9 on machine B, and unfortunately i do not have the oportunity to upgrade to v3

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  • VirtualBox error with Ubuntu virtual machine

    - by user2985363
    I am trying to work on a coding project and cannot open my Ubuntu virtual machine with Oracle VM VirtualBox. I took a snapshot yesterday at about 11, and it was working fine. Several times I closed and reopened it. Today when I tried to open it, I kept getting the error below. Failed to open a session for the virtual machine Ubuntu 12.04 32-bit. VM cannot start because the saved state file 'C:\Users\Tyler\VirtualBox VMs\Ubuntu 12.04 32-bit\Snapshots\2014-01-30T19-59-05-976647800Z.sav' is invalid (VERR_FILE_NOT_FOUND). Deleted the saved state prior to starting the VM. I tried deleting the file as it said, but none of the snapshots would open still. The file is still in my recycling bin. What can I do? Also, I took the 1/31 snapshot today before I deleted the previous one.

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  • VLC Dynamic Range compression multiple songs

    - by Sion
    In my collection of music I have some songs which seem to be compressed nicely. But in addition to those I have songs which are overly quite compared to the louder compressed songs. So maybe the problem isn't compression but average volume. Would the Dynamic Range Compressor in VLC work for this type of problem or would I have better luck using external speakers and running it through a guitar compressor?

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  • Apache Virtual host Subdomains points to same directory

    - by Jakobud
    I have setup subdomains using Apache before and have never really ran into any big problems. But with this (I believe Centos) server that is one of my clients, I'm not understanding what I'm doing wrong. Here is the .conf that apache is loading: Listen 80 NameVirtualHost *:80 <VirtualHost *:80> ServerName www.thedomain.com DocumentRoot /u1/thedomain.com/public RailsEnv production </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost *:80> ServerName subdomain.thedomain.com DocumentRoot /u1/subdomain.thedomain.com/public_html </VirtualHost> When I access either the primary or subdomain addresses, they both point to the primary www.thedomain.com content. Any thoughts? UPDATE: Yes I did a configtest and graceful after making the changes.

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  • Puppet: is it ok to "force" certname when you expect to shuffle nodes around?

    - by Luke404
    We all know (good example on SF) that Puppet hostname detection could be... fun. At our company (and I guess we're not alone at this) we usually pre-configure servers at our offices and test them before bringing the gear to a remote datacenter and rack them. Of course the reverse dns will change when doing that, even if we don't change the actual hostname of the system. We're slowly drafting our puppet setup and I'd like to be sure those moves won't create problems. My idea is to explicitly configure the desired full FQDN of the system as certname in puppet.conf at server provision time (before the very first puppet run). My process would look something like this: basic o.s. installation basic network configuration, enough to reach the internet and resolve dns install puppet and set up certname start puppet and let him manage the whole configuration test, fix problems in config (via puppet), re-test, and so on... manually stop puppet set up new network configuration for the datacenter network move the machine to DC turn it on puppet should automatically start and keep on doing its job The process is supported by detecting the environment in puppet's manifests (eg. based on subnet, like they do at Wikimedia) and modify configuration as needed (eg. resolv.conf contents appropriate for each network). Each node's certname will never change for the whole system life cycle. Is there any problem with this approach? Could it be improved?

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  • In Bash, how can I obtain the directory path from the previous command's last argument

    - by Beaming Mel-Bin
    I frequently have to do this. For example: $ vim /etc/pam.d/sudo $ vim /etc/pam.d/sudo-i $ cd /etc/pam.d/ # Figure I should just go to the directory Now, is there a way I could obtain the directory of the last argument when it's a file path? I'm asking this cause I recently became aware of the $_ variable that has become useful. Was wondering if there's some other commandline fu that might come in handy.

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  • nagios ldap-group based front end login permission issues

    - by Eleven-Two
    I want to grant users access to the nagios 3 core frontend by using an active directory group ("NagiosWebfrontend" in the code below). The login works fine like this: AuthType Basic AuthName "Nagios Access" AuthBasicProvider ldap AuthzLDAPAuthoritative on AuthLDAPURL "ldap://ip-address:389/OU=user-ou,DC=domain,DC=tld?sAMAccountName?sub?(objectClass=*)" AuthLDAPBindDN CN=LDAP-USER,OU=some-ou,DC=domain,DC=tld AuthLDAPBindPassword the_pass Require ldap-group CN=NagiosWebfrontend,OU=some-ou,DC=domain,DC=tld Unfortunately, every nagios page just shows "It appears as though you do not have permission to view information for any of the services you requested...". I got the hint, that I am missing a contact in nagios configuration which is equal to my login, but creating one with the same name as the domain user had no effect on this issue. However, it would be great to find a solution without manually editing nagios.conf for every new user, so the admins could grant access to nagios by just putting the user to "NagiosWebfrontend" group. What would be the best way to solve it?

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  • What could cause a file system to spontaneously unmount or become invalid for a short time?

    - by Ichorus
    We've got DB2 LUW running on a RHEL box. We had a crash of DB2 and IBM came back and said that a file that DB2 was trying to access (through open64()) unmounted or became invalid. We have done nothing but restart the database and things seem to be running fine. Also, the file in question looks perfectly normal now: $ cd /db/log/TEAMS/tmsinst/NODE0000/TEAMS/T0000000/ $ ls -l total 557604 -rw------- 1 tmsinst tmsinst 570425344 Jan 14 10:24 C0000000.CAT $ file C0000000.CAT C0000000.CAT: data $ lsattr C0000000.CAT ------------- C0000000.CAT $ ls -l total 557604 -rw------- 1 tmsinst tmsinst 570425344 Jan 14 10:24 C0000000.CAT With those facts in hand (please correct me if I am mis-interpreting the data at hand) what could cause a file system to 'spontaneously unmount or become invalid for a short time'? What should my next step be? This is on Dell hardware and we ran their diagnostic tools against the hardware and it came back clean.

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  • forward outbound traffic rule

    - by Claudiu
    I am trying to forward the outbound traffic to another server. Current rule is: /sbin/iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp -s localhost -o 91.xxx.xxx.xxx --dport 65000:65010 -j ACCEPT but when I do a iptables -L, the rule its showed like this: ACCEPT tcp -- localhost.localdomain anywhere tcp dpts:65000:65010 So I guess my rule is bad written since the "destination" column shows "anywhere" Can you help me with this?

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  • Migrating to ssh key authentication; implications of adding sbin's to users $PATH

    - by ancillary
    I'm in the process of migrating to key's for authentication on my CentOS boxes. I have it all set up and working, but was a bit taken aback when I noticed service (and other things) didn't work the way I was accustomed to. Even after su'ing to root, still had to call the full path for it to work (which I assume to be expected/normal behavior). I also assume this is because there are different $PATH's for root (what I was using and am used to) and the newly created, key-using user. Specifically, I noticed the sbin's of the world missing from the user path. If I were to add those paths (/sbin/,/usr/sbin/,/usr/local/sbin) to a profile.d .sh script for this new key-loving user, would: I be opening up the system in ways I shouldn't be? I be doing something I needn't do save for reasons of laziness? I create other potential problems? Thanks.

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  • "service"-command and environment variables

    - by varesa
    I am trying to start a service that requires a env. variable to be set to certain path. I set this variable in "/etc/profile.d/". However when I start this service using the service command, it doesn't work. man service: service runs a System V init script in as predictable environment as possible, removing most environment variables and with current working directory set to /. So it seems that service is removing my variables. How should I set the variables up to keep them from being removed. Or is that something i should not do. I could start the service manually using the init-scripts, or even hardcode the path into the script, but I'd like to know how to use it with the service command.

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  • troubleshooting really slow login on a (linux) machine

    - by Peeter Joot
    Within the last couple of weeks, any attempt to login to a specific linux server has gotten really slow. Once I've logged in, things appear to run without significant delay, but some other login like activities (like starting a new screen session) are slow. The machine's been rebooted a couple of times recently and that hasn't helped. , and it doesn't appear to be $PATH search (where $PATH can sometimes include bad NFS mounts), which I've seen historically in our environment. I've also tried completely removing my .profile/.bash*/... type of init files to rule out anything bad there. I also see slow login for at least one other userid on the system. One thing I've noticed is the following message when trying to exit from a screen terminal: Utmp slot not found -> not removed and am wondering if this is related (having a vague recollection that Utmp has something to do with login). Any idea what that message means, or how to fix it, and if it would be related? Failing that, what sort of problem determination tools are available to investigate what is slowing down this login process?

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