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  • Beginner question about vertex arrays in OpenGL

    - by MrDatabase
    Is there a special order in which vertices are entered into a vertex array? Currently I'm drawing single textures like this: glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texName); glVertexPointer(2, GL_FLOAT, 0, vertices); glTexCoordPointer(2, GL_FLOAT, 0, coordinates); glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 0, 4); where vertices has four "xy pairs". This is working fine. As a test I doubled the sizes of the vertices and coordinates arrays and changed the last line above to: glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 0, 8); since vertices now contains eight "xy pairs". I do see two textures (the second is intentionally offset from the first). However the textures are now distorted. I've tried passing GL_TRIANGLES to glDrawArrays instead of GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP but this doesn't work either. I'm so new to OpenGL that I thought it's best to just ask here :-) Cheers!

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  • Ray Intersecting Plane Formula in C++/DirectX

    - by user4585
    I'm developing a picking system that will use rays that intersect volumes and I'm having trouble with ray intersection versus a plane. I was able to figure out spheres fairly easily, but planes are giving me trouble. I've tried to understand various sources and get hung up on some of the variables used within their explanations. Here is a snippet of my code: bool Picking() { D3DXVECTOR3 vec; D3DXVECTOR3 vRayDir; D3DXVECTOR3 vRayOrig; D3DXVECTOR3 vROO, vROD; // vect ray obj orig, vec ray obj dir D3DXMATRIX m; D3DXMATRIX mInverse; D3DXMATRIX worldMat; // Obtain project matrix D3DXMATRIX pMatProj = CDirectXRenderer::GetInstance()->Director()->Proj(); // Obtain mouse position D3DXVECTOR3 pos = CGUIManager::GetInstance()->GUIObjectList.front().pos; // Get window width & height float w = CDirectXRenderer::GetInstance()->GetWidth(); float h = CDirectXRenderer::GetInstance()->GetHeight(); // Transform vector from screen to 3D space vec.x = (((2.0f * pos.x) / w) - 1.0f) / pMatProj._11; vec.y = -(((2.0f * pos.y) / h) - 1.0f) / pMatProj._22; vec.z = 1.0f; // Create a view inverse matrix D3DXMatrixInverse(&m, NULL, &CDirectXRenderer::GetInstance()->Director()->View()); // Determine our ray's direction vRayDir.x = vec.x * m._11 + vec.y * m._21 + vec.z * m._31; vRayDir.y = vec.x * m._12 + vec.y * m._22 + vec.z * m._32; vRayDir.z = vec.x * m._13 + vec.y * m._23 + vec.z * m._33; // Determine our ray's origin vRayOrig.x = m._41; vRayOrig.y = m._42; vRayOrig.z = m._43; D3DXMatrixIdentity(&worldMat); //worldMat = aliveActors[0]->GetTrans(); D3DXMatrixInverse(&mInverse, NULL, &worldMat); D3DXVec3TransformCoord(&vROO, &vRayOrig, &mInverse); D3DXVec3TransformNormal(&vROD, &vRayDir, &mInverse); D3DXVec3Normalize(&vROD, &vROD); When using this code I'm able to detect a ray intersection via a sphere, but I have questions when determining an intersection via a plane. First off should I be using my vRayOrig & vRayDir variables for the plane intersection tests or should I be using the new vectors that are created for use in object space? When looking at a site like this for example: http://www.tar.hu/gamealgorithms/ch22lev1sec2.html I'm curious as to what D is in the equation AX + BY + CZ + D = 0 and how does it factor in to determining a plane intersection? Any help will be appreciated, thanks.

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  • Increasing speed of circle over time as linear with Box2d

    - by Whispered
    Assume that there is a circle and it can be moved by using keyboard arrows.Is required that increasing speed over time like increasing car speed. For example; max speed is 25 and time to reach max speed shall be 5 sec. Over 5 sec the speed will reach to max speed. Does Box2d handle that situation?. I tried setting linear valocity but it seems to make the circle have constant speed instead of increased speed over time. Thank You! Note: I'm using Box2DWeb Javascript port of Box2D.

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  • How can I store all my level data in a single file instead of spread out over many files?

    - by Jon
    I am currently generating my level data, and saving to disk to ensure that any modifications done to the level are saved. I am storing "chunks" of 2048x2048 pixels into a file. Whenever the player moves over a section that doesn't have a file associated with the position, a new file is created. This works great, and is very fast. My issue, is that as you are playing the file count gets larger and larger. I'm wondering what are techniques that can be used to alleviate the file count, without taking a performance hit. I am interested in how you would store/seek/update this data in a single file instead of multiple files efficiently.

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  • Looking for a small, light scene graph style abstraction lib for shader based OpenGL

    - by Pris
    I'm looking for a 'lean and mean' c/c++ scene graph library for OpenGL that doesn't use any deprecated functionality. It should be cross platform (strictly speaking I just dev on Linux so no love lost if it doesn't work on Windows), and it should be possible to deploy to mobile targets (ie OpenGLES2, and no crazy mandatory dependencies that wouldn't port well to modern mobile frameworks like iOS, Android, etc), with a license that's compatible with closed source software (LGPL or more liberal). Specific nice-to-haves would be: Cameras and Viewers (trackball, fly-by, etc) Object transform hierarchies (if B is a child of A, and you move A, B has the same transform applied to it) Simple animation Scene optimization (frustum culling, use VBOs, minimize state changes, etc) Text I've played around with OpenSceneGraph a lot and it's pretty amazing for fixed function pipeline stuff, but I've had a few of problems using it with the programmable pipeline and after going through their mailing list, it seems several people have had similar issues (going back years). Kitware's VES looks neat (http://www.vtk.org/Wiki/VES), but VES + VTK is pretty heavy. VTK is also typically for analyzing scientific data and I've read that it's not that appropriate for a general use case (not that great at rendering a lot of objects on scene,etc) I'm currently looking at VisualizationLibrary (http://www.visualizationlibrary.org/documentation/pag_gallery.html) which looks like it offers some of the functionality I'd like, but it doesn't explicitly support mobile targets. Other solutions like Ogre, Horde3D, Irrlicht, etc tend to be full on game engines and that's not really what I'm looking for. I'd like some suggestions for other libraries that I may have missed... please note I'm not willing to roll my own solution from scratch.

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  • Normal map lighting bug in bottom right quadrant

    - by Ryan Capote
    I am currently working on getting normal maps working in my project, and have run into a problem with lighting. As you can see, the normals in the bottom right quadrant of the lighting isn't calculating the correct direction to the light or something. Best seen by the red light If I use flat normals (z normal = 1.0), it seems to be working fine: normals for the tile sheet: Shader: #version 330 uniform sampler2D uDiffuseTexture; uniform sampler2D uNormalsTexture; uniform sampler2D uSpecularTexture; uniform sampler2D uEmissiveTexture; uniform sampler2D uWorldNormals; uniform sampler2D uShadowMap; uniform vec4 uLightColor; uniform float uConstAtten; uniform float uLinearAtten; uniform float uQuadradicAtten; uniform float uColorIntensity; in vec2 TexCoords; in vec2 GeomSize; out vec4 FragColor; float sample(vec2 coord, float r) { return step(r, texture2D(uShadowMap, coord).r); } float occluded() { float PI = 3.14; vec2 normalized = TexCoords.st * 2.0 - 1.0; float theta = atan(normalized.y, normalized.x); float r = length(normalized); float coord = (theta + PI) / (2.0 * PI); vec2 tc = vec2(coord, 0.0); float center = sample(tc, r); float sum = 0.0; float blur = (1.0 / GeomSize.x) * smoothstep(0.0, 1.0, r); sum += sample(vec2(tc.x - 4.0*blur, tc.y), r) * 0.05; sum += sample(vec2(tc.x - 3.0*blur, tc.y), r) * 0.09; sum += sample(vec2(tc.x - 2.0*blur, tc.y), r) * 0.12; sum += sample(vec2(tc.x - 1.0*blur, tc.y), r) * 0.15; sum += center * 0.16; sum += sample(vec2(tc.x + 1.0*blur, tc.y), r) * 0.15; sum += sample(vec2(tc.x + 2.0*blur, tc.y), r) * 0.12; sum += sample(vec2(tc.x + 3.0*blur, tc.y), r) * 0.09; sum += sample(vec2(tc.x + 4.0*blur, tc.y), r) * 0.05; return sum * smoothstep(1.0, 0.0, r); } float calcAttenuation(float distance) { float linearAtten = uLinearAtten * distance; float quadAtten = uQuadradicAtten * distance * distance; float attenuation = 1.0 / (uConstAtten + linearAtten + quadAtten); return attenuation; } vec3 calcFragPosition(void) { return vec3(TexCoords*GeomSize, 0.0); } vec3 calcLightPosition(void) { return vec3(GeomSize/2.0, 0.0); } float calcDistance(vec3 fragPos, vec3 lightPos) { return length(fragPos - lightPos); } vec3 calcLightDirection(vec3 fragPos, vec3 lightPos) { return normalize(lightPos - fragPos); } vec4 calcFinalLight(vec2 worldUV, vec3 lightDir, float attenuation) { float diffuseFactor = dot(normalize(texture2D(uNormalsTexture, worldUV).rgb), lightDir); vec4 diffuse = vec4(0.0); vec4 lightColor = uLightColor * uColorIntensity; if(diffuseFactor > 0.0) { diffuse = vec4(texture2D(uDiffuseTexture, worldUV.xy).rgb, 1.0); diffuse *= diffuseFactor; lightColor *= diffuseFactor; } else { discard; } vec4 final = (diffuse + lightColor); if(texture2D(uWorldNormals, worldUV).g > 0.0) { return final * attenuation; } else { return final * occluded(); } } void main(void) { vec3 fragPosition = calcFragPosition(); vec3 lightPosition = calcLightPosition(); float distance = calcDistance(fragPosition, lightPosition); float attenuation = calcAttenuation(distance); vec2 worldPos = gl_FragCoord.xy / vec2(1024, 768); vec3 lightDir = calcLightDirection(fragPosition, lightPosition); lightDir = (lightDir*0.5)+0.5; float atten = calcAttenuation(distance); vec4 emissive = texture2D(uEmissiveTexture, worldPos); FragColor = calcFinalLight(worldPos, lightDir, atten) + emissive; }

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  • Shooter in iOS and a visible Aim line before shooting

    - by London2423
    I have to questions. I am trying to develop a game that is iOS but I did it first in my computer so I can tested there. I was able to must of it for PC but I am having a very hard time with iOS port The problem I do have is that I don't know how to shout in iOS. To be more specific how to line render in iOS This is the script I use in my computer using UnityEngine; using System.Collections; public class NewBehaviourScript : MonoBehaviour { LineRenderer line; void Start () { line = gameObject.GetComponent<LineRenderer>(); line.enabled = false; } void Update () { if (Input.GetButtonDown ("Fire1")) { StopCoroutine ("FireLaser"); StartCoroutine ("FireLaser"); } } IEnumerator FireLaser () { line.enabled = true; while (Input.GetButton("Fire1")) { Ray ray = new Ray(transform.position, transform.forward); RaycastHit hit; line.SetPosition (0, ray.origin); if (Physics.Raycast (ray, out hit,100)) { line.SetPosition(1,hit.point); if (hit.rigidbody) { hit.rigidbody.AddForceAtPosition(transform.forward * 5, hit.point); } } else line.SetPosition (1, ray.GetPoint (100)); yield return null; } line.enabled = false; { } } } Which part I have to change for iOS? I already did in the iOS the touch giu event so my player move around in the xcode/Iphone but I need some help with the shouting part. The second part of the question is where I do have to insert or change the script in order to first aim and I DO see the line of aim and then shout. Now the player can only shout. It can not aim at the gameobject, see the the line coming out of the gun aiming at the object and then shout? How I can do that. Everyone tell me Line render but that's what i did Thank you

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  • Turn-based Client-Server Card Game - Unicast (TCP) or Multicast (UDP)

    - by LDM91
    I am currently planning to make a card game project where the clients will communicate with the server in a turn-based and synchronous manner using messages sent over sockets. The problem I have is how to handle the following scenario: (Client takes it turn and sends its action to server) Client sends a message telling the server its move for the turn (e.g. plays the card 5 from its hand which needs to placed onto the table) Server receives messages and updates game state (server will hold all game state). Server iterates through a list of connected clients and sends a message to tell of them change in state Clients all refresh to display the state This is all based on using TCP, and looking at it now it seems a bit like the Observer pattern. The reason this seems to be an issue to me is this message doesn't seem to be point-to-point like the others as I want to send it to all the clients, and doesn't seem very efficient sending the same message in that way. I was thinking about using multicasting with UDP as then I could send the message to all the clients, however wouldn't this mean that the clients would in theory be able to message each other? There is of course the synchronous aspect as well, though this could be put on top of the UDP I guess. Basically, I would like to know what would be good practice as this project is really all about learning, and even though it won't be big enough to encounter performance issues from this I would like to consider them anyway. However, please note I am not interested in using message oriented middleware as a solution (I have experience with using MOM and I'm interested in considering other options excluding MOM if TCP sockets is a bad idea!).

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  • XNA frame rate spikes in full screen mode

    - by ProgrammerAtWork
    I'm loading a simple texture and rotating it in XNA, and this works. But when I run it in full screen 1920x1080 mode I see spikes while my texture is rotating. If I run it windowed with 1920x1080 resolution, I don't get the spikes. The size of the texture does not seem to matter, I tried 512 texture size and 2048 texture size, same thing happens. Spikes in full screen, no spikes in windowed, resolution does not seem to matter, Debug or Release does not seem to do anything either. Anyone got ideas of what could be the problem? Edit: I think this problem has something to do with the vertical retrace. Set this property: _graphicsDeviceManager.SynchronizeWithVerticalRetrace = false; you'll lose vsync but it will not stutter.

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  • What is the practical use of IBOs / degenerate vertex in OpenGL?

    - by 0xFAIL
    Vertices in 3D models CAN get cut in the process of optimizing 3D geometry, (degenerate vertices) by 3D graphics software (Blender, ...) when exporting because they aren't needed when reusing a vertex for multiple triangles. (In the current case 3D data is exported from Blender as .ply and read by a simple application that displays the 3D model) Every vertex has a few attributes like position, color, normal, tangent,... But the data for each vertex that is cut through the vertex sharing is lost and is missing in the vertex shader. Modern shader techniques like Bump or Normal mapping require normals/tangents per vertex which are also cut. To use complex shader techniques IBOs must not be used? Or is there a way to use IBOs and retain the data per vertex that was origionally lost?

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  • OpenGL ES rotate texture

    - by 0xSina
    I just got started with OpenGL ES... I have a fragment: const char * sFragment = _STRINGIFY( varying highp vec2 coordinate; precision mediump float; uniform vec4 maskC; uniform float threshold; uniform sampler2D videoframe; uniform sampler2D videosprite; uniform vec4 mask; uniform vec4 maskB; uniform int recording; vec3 normalize(vec3 color, float meanr) { return color*vec3(0.75 + meanr, 1., 1. - meanr); } void main() { float d; float dB; float dC; float meanr; float meanrB; float meanrC; float minD; vec4 pixelColor; vec4 spriteColor; pixelColor = texture2D(videoframe, coordinate); spriteColor = texture2D(videosprite, coordinate); meanr = (pixelColor.r + mask.r)/8.; meanrB = (pixelColor.r + maskB.r)/8.; meanrC = (pixelColor.r + maskC.r)/8.; d = distance(normalize(pixelColor.rgb, meanr), normalize(mask.rgb, meanr)); dB = distance(normalize(pixelColor.rgb, meanrB), normalize(maskB.rgb, meanrB)); dC = distance(normalize(pixelColor.rgb, meanrC), normalize(maskC.rgb, meanrC)); minD = min(d, dB); minD = min(minD, dC); gl_FragColor = spriteColor; if (minD > threshold) { gl_FragColor = pixelColor; } } Now, depending on wether recording is 0 or 1, I want to rotate uniform sampler2D videosprite 180 degrees (reflection in x-axis, flip vertically). How can I do that? I found the function glRotatef(), but how do i specify that I want to rotate video sprite and not videoframe? Thanks

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  • fast java2d translucency

    - by mdriesen
    I'm trying to draw a bunch of translucent circles on a Swing JComponent. This isn't exactly fast, and I was wondering if there is a way to speed it up. My custom JComponent has the following paintComponent method: public void paintComponent(Graphics g) { Rectangle view = g.getClipBounds(); VolatileImage image = createVolatileImage(view.width, view.height); Graphics2D buffer = image.createGraphics(); // translate to camera location buffer.translate(-cx, -cy); // renderables contains all currently visible objects for(Renderable r : renderables) { r.paint(buffer); } g.drawImage(image.getSnapshot(), view.x, view.y, this); } The paint method of my circles is as follows: public void paint(Graphics2D graphics) { graphics.setPaint(paint); graphics.fillOval(x, y, radius, radius); } The paint is just an rgba color with a < 255: Color(int r, int g, int b, int a) It works fast enough for opaque objects, but is there a simple way to speed this up for translucent ones?

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  • (Unity)Getting a mirrored mesh from my data structure

    - by Steve
    Here's the background: I'm in the beginning stages of an RTS game in Unity. I have a procedurally generated terrain with a perlin-noise height map, as well as a function to generate a river. The problem is that the graphical creation of the map is taking the data structure of the map and rotating it by 180 degrees. I noticed this problem when i was creating my rivers. I would set the River's height to flat, and noticed that the actual tiles that were flat in the graphical representation were flipped and mirrored. Here's 3 screenshots of the map from different angles: http://imgur.com/a/VLHHq As you can see, if you flipped (graphically) the river by 180 degrees on the z axis, it would fit where the terrain is flattened. I have a suspicion it is being caused by a misunderstanding on my part of how vertices work. Alas, here is a snippet of the code that is used: This code here creates a new array of Tile objects, which hold the information for each tile, including its type, coordinate, height, and it's 4 vertices public DTileMap (int size_x, int size_y) { this.size_x = size_x; this.size_y = size_y; //Initialize Map_Data Array of Tile Objects map_data = new Tile[size_x, size_y]; for (int j = 0; j < size_y; j++) { for (int i = 0; i < size_x; i++) { map_data [i, j] = new Tile (); map_data[i,j].coordinate.x = (int)i; map_data[i,j].coordinate.y = (int)j; map_data[i,j].vertices[0] = new Vector3 (i * GTileMap.TileMap.tileSize, map_data[i,j].Height, -j * GTileMap.TileMap.tileSize); map_data[i,j].vertices[1] = new Vector3 ((i+1) * GTileMap.TileMap.tileSize, map_data[i,j].Height, -(j) * GTileMap.TileMap.tileSize); map_data[i,j].vertices[2] = new Vector3 (i * GTileMap.TileMap.tileSize, map_data[i,j].Height, -(j-1) * GTileMap.TileMap.tileSize); map_data[i,j].vertices[3] = new Vector3 ((i+1) * GTileMap.TileMap.tileSize, map_data[i,j].Height, -(j-1) * GTileMap.TileMap.tileSize); } } This code sets the river tiles to height 0 foreach (Tile t in map_data) { if (t.realType == "Water") { t.vertices[0].y = 0f; t.vertices[1].y = 0f; t.vertices[2].y = 0f; t.vertices[3].y = 0f; } } And below is the code to generate the actual graphics from the data: public void BuildMesh () { DTileMap.DTileMap map = new DTileMap.DTileMap (size_x, size_z); int numTiles = size_x * size_z; int numTris = numTiles * 2; int vsize_x = size_x + 1; int vsize_z = size_z + 1; int numVerts = vsize_x * vsize_z; // Generate the mesh data Vector3[] vertices = new Vector3[ numVerts ]; Vector3[] normals = new Vector3[numVerts]; Vector2[] uv = new Vector2[numVerts]; int[] triangles = new int[ numTris * 3 ]; int x, z; for (z=0; z < vsize_z; z++) { for (x=0; x < vsize_x; x++) { normals [z * vsize_x + x] = Vector3.up; uv [z * vsize_x + x] = new Vector2 ((float)x / size_x, 1f - (float)z / size_z); } } for (z=0; z < vsize_z; z+=1) { for (x=0; x < vsize_x; x+=1) { if (x == vsize_x - 1 && z == vsize_z - 1) { vertices [z * vsize_x + x] = DTileMap.DTileMap.map_data [x - 1, z - 1].vertices [3]; } else if (z == vsize_z - 1) { vertices [z * vsize_x + x] = DTileMap.DTileMap.map_data [x, z - 1].vertices [2]; } else if (x == vsize_x - 1) { vertices [z * vsize_x + x] = DTileMap.DTileMap.map_data [x - 1, z].vertices [1]; } else { vertices [z * vsize_x + x] = DTileMap.DTileMap.map_data [x, z].vertices [0]; vertices [z * vsize_x + x+1] = DTileMap.DTileMap.map_data [x, z].vertices [1]; vertices [(z+1) * vsize_x + x] = DTileMap.DTileMap.map_data [x, z].vertices [2]; vertices [(z+1) * vsize_x + x+1] = DTileMap.DTileMap.map_data [x, z].vertices [3]; } } } } for (z=0; z < size_z; z++) { for (x=0; x < size_x; x++) { int squareIndex = z * size_x + x; int triOffset = squareIndex * 6; triangles [triOffset + 0] = z * vsize_x + x + 0; triangles [triOffset + 2] = z * vsize_x + x + vsize_x + 0; triangles [triOffset + 1] = z * vsize_x + x + vsize_x + 1; triangles [triOffset + 3] = z * vsize_x + x + 0; triangles [triOffset + 5] = z * vsize_x + x + vsize_x + 1; triangles [triOffset + 4] = z * vsize_x + x + 1; } } // Create a new Mesh and populate with the data Mesh mesh = new Mesh (); mesh.vertices = vertices; mesh.triangles = triangles; mesh.normals = normals; mesh.uv = uv; // Assign our mesh to our filter/renderer/collider MeshFilter mesh_filter = GetComponent<MeshFilter> (); MeshCollider mesh_collider = GetComponent<MeshCollider> (); mesh_filter.mesh = mesh; mesh_collider.sharedMesh = mesh; calculateMeshTangents (mesh); BuildTexture (map); } If this looks familiar to you, its because i got most of it from Quill18. I've been slowly adapting it for my uses. And please include any suggestions you have for my code. I'm still in the very early prototyping stage.

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  • Set a drawing viewport while using camera

    - by Mariano
    I'm working with XNA. I already have a basic world made of tiles and a camera using a transform matrix. I have a character moving around and the camera follows. What I want to do now is draw the map only on a certain part of the screen as shown on the figure below. This way I can move the map to the left of the screen and have the other fixed parts shift to the right. Do I need to modify the camera matrix? Make a new viewport?

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  • Need a bounding box for CCSprite that includes all children/subchildren

    - by prototypical
    I have a CCSprite that has CCSprite children, and those CCSprite children have CCSprite children. The contentSize property doesn't seem to include all children/subchildren, and seems to only work for the base node. I could write a recursive method to traverse a CCSprite for all children/subchildren and calculate a proper boundingbox, but am curious as to if I am missing something and it's possible to get that information without doing so. I'l be a little surprised if such a method doesn't exist, but I can't seem to find it.

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  • Smooth Camera Zoom Factor Change

    - by Siddharth
    I have game play scene in which user can zoom in and out. For which I used smooth camera in the following manner. public static final int CAMERA_WIDTH = 1024; public static final int CAMERA_HEIGHT = 600; public static final float MAXIMUM_VELOCITY_X = 400f; public static final float MAXIMUM_VELOCITY_Y = 400f; public static final float ZOOM_FACTOR_CHANGE = 1f; mSmoothCamera = new SmoothCamera(0, 0, Constants.CAMERA_WIDTH, Constants.CAMERA_HEIGHT, Constants.MAXIMUM_VELOCITY_X, Constants.MAXIMUM_VELOCITY_Y, Constants.ZOOM_FACTOR_CHANGE); mSmoothCamera.setBounds(0f, 0f, Constants.CAMERA_WIDTH, Constants.CAMERA_HEIGHT); But above thing create problem for me. When user perform zoom in and leave game play scene then other scene behaviour not look good. I already set zoom factor to 1 for this purpose. But now it show camera translation in other scene. Because scene switching time it so much small that player can easily saw translation of camera that I don't want to show. After camera reposition, everything works perfect but how to set camera its proper position. For example my loading text move from bottom to top or vice versa based on camera movement. Any more detail you want then I can able to give you.

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  • how to use opengl blend mode/functions to brighten/darken a texture.

    - by Jigar
    Tried this code, but the texture didnot get any lighter. try { texture = TextureLoader.getTexture("png", Game.class.getResourceAsStream("/brick.png"), true, GL_NEAREST); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } GL11.glBindTexture(GL11.GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture.getTextureID()); glEnable(GL_BLEND); glBlendFunc(GL_CONSTANT_ALPHA, GL_CONSTANT_ALPHA); GL14.glBlendColor(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.5f); glColor4f(1, 1, 1, 0.5f); GL11.glBegin(GL11.GL_QUADS); // Start Drawing Quads // Front Face GL11.glNormal3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f); // Normal Pointing Towards Viewer GL11.glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 0.0f); GL11.glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f); // Point 1 (Front) GL11.glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 0.0f); GL11.glVertex3f(1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f); // Point 2 (Front) GL11.glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 1.0f); GL11.glVertex3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f); // Point 3 (Front) GL11.glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 1.0f); GL11.glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f); // Point 4 (Front) glEnd();

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  • Importing 3d model with multiple skeletons

    - by Sweta Dwivedi
    I have created an animated butterfly in 3ds Max and try to export it in ".fbx" format to use in XNA, however as soon as I compile, i get the following Errors: Warning 1 Multiple skeletons were found in the file. The first skeleton, named "Left.Wing" has been moved to be a child of the scene root. The other, "Right.Wing", will be ignored. Fragment identifier "Right.Wing". Error 2 Vertex is bound to bone "Right.Wing", but this bone is not present in the skeleton. Which is confusing since I have the bone Right.Wing . . and I use it to animate the butterfly I have seen a few possible solution for Blender but none for 3Ds max it would be really helpful if someone could help me out with this

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  • Basics of drawing in 2d with OpenGL 3 shaders

    - by davidism
    I am new to OpenGL 3 and graphics programming, and want to create some basic 2d graphics. I have the following scenario of how I might go about drawing a basic (but general) 2d rectangle. I'm not sure if this is the correct way to think about it, or, if it is, how to implement it. In my head, here's how I imagine doing it: t = make_rectangle(width, height) build general VBO, centered at 0, 0 optionally: t.set_scale(2) optionally: t.set_angle(30) t.draw_at(x, y) calculates some sort of scale/rotate/translate matrix (or matrices), passes the VBO and the matrix to a shader program Something happens to clip the world to the view visible on screen. I'm really unclear on how 4 and 5 will work. The main problem is that all the tutorials I find either: use fixed function pipeline, are for 3d, or are unclear how to do something this "simple". Can someone provide me with either a better way to think of / do this, or some concrete code detailing performing the transformations in a shader and constructing and passing the data required for this shader transformation?

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  • XNA 4.0 2D sidescroller variable terrain heightmap for walking/collision

    - by JiminyCricket
    I've been fooling around with moving on sloped tiles in XNA and it is semi-working but not completely satisfactory. I also have been thinking that having sets of predetermined slopes might not give me terrain that looks "organic" enough. There is also the problem of having to construct several different types of tile for each slope when they're chained together (only 45 degree tiles will chain perfectly as I understand it). I had thought of somehow scanning for connected chains of sloped tiles and treating it as a new large triangle, as I was having trouble with glitching at the edges where sloped tiles connect. But, this leads back to the problem of limiting the curvature of the terrain. So...what I'd like to do now is create a simple image or texture of the terrain of a level (or section of the level) and generate a simple heightmap (of the Y's for each X) for the terrain. The player's Y position would then just be updated based on their X position. Is there a simple way of doing this (or a better way of solving this problem)? The main problem I can see with this method is the case where there are areas above the ground that can be walked on. Maybe there is a way to just map all walkable ground areas? I've been looking at this helpful bit of code: http://thirdpartyninjas.com/blog/2010/07/28/sloped-platform-collision/ but need a way to generate the actual points/vectors.

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  • projected textures not appear on the "back" of the mesh as well?

    - by user975135
    I want to create blood wounds on my character's bodies by using projected textures. I've watched some commentaries on games like Left 4 Dead and they say they use projected textures for the blood. But the way projected textures work is that if you project a texture on a rigged character, say his chest, it will also appear on his back. So what's the trick? How to get projected textures appear only on one "side" of the mesh? I use the Panda3D game engine, if that will help.

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  • Rendering order in an Entity System

    - by Daedalus
    Say I use a basic ES approach, and also inside Systems I hold lists of all entities that Systems are required to process. How do I maintain this list of entities in desired rendering order, i.e. for a dumb 2D RenderingSystem? I saw this discussion, and what they suggest is to do something like Z ordering - what I would probably do is just to store a "layer" int in DrawableComponent and then, inside RenderingSystem, just sort entities by mentioned "layer" whenever the entity list for RenderingSystem changes. They also say we could just delete and recreate the entity whenever we want it on the top, but it seems too inflexible to me. How is this problem usually solved?

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  • simple collision detection

    - by Rob
    Imagine 2 squares sitting side by side, both level with the ground: http://img19.imageshack.us/img19/8085/sqaures2.jpg A simple way to detect if one is hitting the other is to compare the location of each side. They are touching if ALL of the following are NOT true: The right square's left side is to the right of the left square's right side. The right square's right side is to the left of the left square's left side. The right square's bottom side is above the left square's top side. The right square's top side is below the left square's bottom side. If any of those are true, the squares are not touching. If all of those are false, the squares are touching. But consider a case like this, where one square is at a 45 degree angle: http://img189.imageshack.us/img189/4236/squaresb.jpg Is there an equally simple way to determine if those squares are touching?

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  • How to work with scenes in a 2D game

    - by Anearion
    I'm a java/android programmer, but I don't have any experience in game programming, I'm already reading proper books, like "Pro Android Games", but my concerns are more about the ideas behind game programming than the techniques themselves. I'm working on a 2D game, something like Cluedo to let you understand the genre. I would like to know how should I act with the "scenes", for example, a room with a desk, TV, windows and a lamp. I need to make some items tappable and others not. Is it common to use one image (invisible to the user) with every different item a different color, then call the getColor() method on the image? Or use one image as background, and separate images for all the items? If the latter, how can I set the positioning? and should I use imageView or imageButton? I'm sorry if those are really low quality questions, but as "outsider" ( I'm 23 and still finishing my university ) it's pretty hard learn alone.

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  • Why am I getting a return value of zero from my position computation function?

    - by Hussain Murtaza
    Ok I have a Function int x(), which is used in new Rectangle(x(),a,a,a); in DrawMethod in XNA but when I use it I get x() = 0 as as the answer.Here is my CODE: int x() { int px = (128 * 5); int xx = 0; for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) { if (Mouse.GetState().X > px) { //xx = Mouse.GetState().X; xx = px; break; } else { px -= 128; } } return xx; } Here is the DrawMethod Code: if (set) { spriteBatch.Draw(texture, new Rectangle(x(), y(), texture.Width, texture.Height), Color.White); textpositionX = x(); textpositionY = y(); set = false; select = false; place = true; } else if(select) { spriteBatch.Draw(texture, new Rectangle(Mouse.GetState().X - texture.Width / 2, Mouse.GetState().Y-texture.Height / 2, texture.Width, texture.Height), Color.White); } else if (place) { spriteBatch.Draw(texture, new Rectangle(textpositionX, textpositionY, texture.Width, texture.Height), Color.White); select = false; set = false; }

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