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  • Is it possible to create static classes in PHP (like in C#)?

    - by aleemb
    I want to create a static class in PHP and have it behave like it does in C#, so Constructor is automatically called on the first call to the class No instantiation required Something of this sort... static class Hello { private static $greeting = 'Hello'; private __construct() { $greeting .= ' There!'; } public static greet(){ echo $greeting; } } Hello::greet(); // Hello There!

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  • What is the best way to handle validity dates in applications ?

    - by user214626
    Hello, How do we model these objects ? Scenario 1: Price changes in a time period EffectiveDate ExpiryDate Price 2009-01-01 2009-01-31 800$ 2009-02-01 Null 900$ So, if the price changes to 910$ on 2009-02-15, then the system should automatically update the expiry date on the previous effective price to 2009-02-14, to keep it consistent. Scenario 2: No price specified between 2009-02-01 to 2009-02-28 EffectiveDate ExpiryDate Price 2009-01-01 2009-01-31 800$ 2009-03-01 Null 900$ So, if new price is specified for 2009-02-15 onwards , then the system should automatically set the expiry date on the record to be inserted to 2009-02-28, because already a record effective from 2009-03-01 exists. Please suggest an effective way to handle these scenarios to model my framework, or are there any frameworks around that can do this . Thanks

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  • Can you find a pattern to sync files knowing only dates and filenames?

    - by Robert MacLean
    Imagine if you will a operating system that had the following methods for files Create File: Creates (writes) a new file to disk. Calling this if a file exists causes a fault. Update File: Updates an existing file. Call this if a file doesn't exist causes a fault. Read File: Reads data from a file. Enumerate files: Gets all files in a folder. Files themselves in this operating system only have the following meta data: Created Time: The original date and time the file was created, by the Create File method. Modified Time: The date and time the file was last modified by the Update File method. If the file has never been modified, this will equal the Create Time. You have been given the task of writing an application which will sync the files between two directories (lets call them bill and ted) on a machine. However it is not that simple, the client has required that The application never faults (see methods above). That while the application is running the users can add and update files and those will be sync'd next time the application runs. Files can be added to either the ted or bill directories. File names cannot be altered. The application will perform one sync per time it is run. The application must be almost entirely in memory, in other words you cannot create a log of filenames and write that to disk and then check that the next time. The exception to point 6 is that you can store date and times between runs. Each date/time is associated with a key labeled A through J (so you have 10 to use) so you can compare keys between runs. There is no way to catch exceptions in the application. Answer will be accepted based on the following conditions: First answer to meet all requirements will be accepted. If there is no way to meet all requirements, the answer which ensures the smallest amount of missed changes per sync will be accepted. A bounty will be created (100 points) as soon as possible for the prize. The winner will be selected one day before the bounty ends. Please ask questions in the comments and I will gladly update and refine the question on those.

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  • How to avoid game rendering component circular references?

    - by CodexArcanum
    I'm working on a simple game design, and I wanted to break up my game objects into more reusable components. But I'm getting stuck on how exactly to implement the design I have in mind. Here's an example: I have a Logger object, whose job is simply to store a list of messages and render them to screen. You know, logging. Originally the Logger just held the list, and the game loop rendered it's contents. Then I moved the rendering logic into the Logger.Draw() method, and now I want to move it further into a LoggerRenderer object. In effect, I want to have the game loop call RenderAll, which will then call Logger.Render, which will in turn call the LoggerRenderer.Render and finally output the text. So the Logger needs to contain a Renderer object, but the Renderer needs access to the Logger's state (the message queue) in order to render. How do I resolve that? Should I be passing in the message queue and other state information explicitly to the Render method? Or should the game loop be calling the Renderer directly and it links back to the logger, but the RenderAll method never actually sees the logger object itself? This feels kind of like Command pattern, but I'm botching it up terribly.

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  • Naming convention for non-virtual and abstract methods

    - by eagle
    I frequently find myself creating classes which use this form (A): abstract class Animal { public void Walk() { // TODO: do something before walking // custom logic implemented by each subclass WalkInternal(); // TODO: do something after walking } protected abstract void WalkInternal(); } class Dog : Animal { protected override void WalkInternal() { // TODO: walk with 4 legs } } class Bird : Animal { protected override void WalkInternal() { // TODO: walk with 2 legs } } Rather than this form (B): abstract class Animal { public abstract void Walk(); } class Dog : Animal { public override void Walk() { // TODO: do something before walking // custom logic implemented by each subclass // TODO: walk with 4 legs // TODO: do something after walking } } class Bird : Animal { public override void Walk() { // TODO: do something before walking // custom logic implemented by each subclass // TODO: walk with 2 legs // TODO: do something after walking } } As you can see, the nice thing about form A is that every time you implement a subclass, you don't need to remember to include the initialization and finalization logic. This is much less error prone than form B. What's a standard convention for naming these methods? I like naming the public method Walk since then I can call Dog.Walk() which looks better than something like Dog.WalkExternal(). However, I don't like my solution of adding the suffix "Internal" for the protected method. I'm looking for a more standardized name. Btw, is there a name for this design pattern?

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  • Best Design pattern for social media file transfer

    - by Onema
    Our system would like our clients to link their accounts with different social media sites like youtube, vimeo, facebook, myspace and so on. One of the benefits we would like to give to the user is to transfer, update and delete files they have uploaded to our sites and transfer them to the social media sites mentioned above. this files could be videos, images or audio. We started thinking about using a strategy pattern, as all of these sites share a common process ( authentication, connection, use the API to transfer/edit/delete the file ), but we soon realized that it may not work as me may want to use some of the extended functionality that is specific to each service (eg: associate a youtube video with a channel, or upload images to a specific album on facebook, and much, much more...) My question is, what would be the best Structural Design Patter to use for this scenario?

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  • Is there a way of using one method to handle others to avoid code duplication?

    - by Artur
    I wonder if there is a way of writing a method or a class that would add to any method some code that is shared between many methods. The methods return different things and some of them are just void. Below is a part of the code that is duplicated in the methods. StartTimer(MethodBase.GetCurrentMethod().Name); try { // Actual method body } catch (Exception ex) { bool rethrow = ExceptionPolicy.HandleException(ex, "DALPolicy"); if (rethrow) { throw; } } finally { StopTimer(MethodBase.GetCurrentMethod().Name); } Any help would be greatly appreciated.

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  • Is Multiple Iterators is possible in php?

    - by artvolk
    Good day! I know that C# allows multiple iterators using yield, like described here: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1754041/is-multiple-iterators-is-possible-in-c In PHP there is and Iterator interface. Is it possible to implement more than one iteration scenario for a class?

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  • What would you like to correct and/or improve in this java implementation of Chain Of Responsibility

    - by Maciek Kreft
    package design.pattern.behavioral; import design.pattern.behavioral.ChainOfResponsibility.*; public class ChainOfResponsibility { public static class Chain { private Request[] requests = null; private Handler[] handlers = null; public Chain(Handler[] handlers, Request[] requests){ this.handlers = handlers; this.requests = requests; } public void start() { for(Request r : requests) for (Handler h : handlers) if(h.handle(r)) break; } } public static class Request { private int value; public Request setValue(int value){ this.value = value; return this; } public int getValue() { return value; } } public static class Handler<T1> { private Lambda<T1> lambda = null; private Lambda<T1> command = null; public Handler(Lambda<T1> condition, Lambda<T1> command) { this.lambda = condition; this.command = command; } public boolean handle(T1 request) { if (lambda.lambda(request)) command.lambda(request); return lambda.lambda(request); } } public static abstract class Lambda<T1>{ public abstract Boolean lambda(T1 request); } } class TestChainOfResponsibility { public static void main(String[] args) { new TestChainOfResponsibility().test(); } private void test() { new Chain(new Handler[]{ // chain of responsibility new Handler<Request>( new Lambda<Request>(){ // command public Boolean lambda(Request condition) { return condition.getValue() >= 600; } }, new Lambda<Request>(){ public Boolean lambda(Request command) { System.out.println("You are rich: " + command.getValue() + " (id: " + command.hashCode() + ")"); return true; } } ), new Handler<Request>( new Lambda<Request>(){ public Boolean lambda(Request condition) { return condition.getValue() >= 100; } }, new Lambda<Request>(){ public Boolean lambda(Request command) { System.out.println("You are poor: " + command.getValue() + " (id: " + command.hashCode() + ")"); return true; } } ), }, new Request[]{ new Request().setValue(600), // chaining method new Request().setValue(100), } ).start(); } }

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  • Does overloading Grails static 'mapping' property to bolt on database objects violate DRY?

    - by mikesalera
    Does Grails static 'mapping' property in Domain classes violate DRY? Let's take a look at the canonical domain class: class Book {      Long id      String title      String isbn      Date published      Author author      static mapping = {             id generator:'hilo', params:[table:'hi_value',column:'next_value',max_lo:100]      } } or: class Book { ...         static mapping = {             id( generator:'sequence', params:[sequence_name: "book_seq"] )     } } And let us say, continuing this thought, that I have my Grails application working with HSQLDB or MySQL, but the IT department says I must use a commercial software package (written by a large corp in Redwood Shores, Calif.). Does this change make my web application nobbled in development and test environments? MySQL supports autoincrement on a primary key column but does support sequence objects, for example. Is there a cleaner way to implement this sort of 'only when in production mode' without loading up the domain class?

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  • How to change easily between ajax-based website and basic HTML website?

    - by A.S al-shammari
    Hi, I have a website ( based on JSP/Servlets ,using MVC pattern), and I want to support AJAX-based website and basic HTML-based website. website visitors should be able to change the surfing mode from Ajax to basic HTML and vise versa, - as it applies in Google-mail. The Questions : What is the best way to achieve this goal easily? Should I design two views for each page? I use JQuery and JSON as the result of this answer.

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  • How would you organize this Javascript?

    - by Anurag
    How do you usually organize complex web applications that are extremely rich on the client side. I have created a contrived example to indicate the kind of mess it's easy to get into if things are not managed well for big apps. Feel free to modify/extend this example as you wish - http://jsfiddle.net/NHyLC/1/ The example basically mirrors part of the comment posting on SO, and follows the following rules: Must have 15 characters minimum, after multiple spaces are trimmed out to one. If Add Comment is clicked, but the size is less than 15 after removing multiple spaces, then show a popup with the error. Indicate amount of characters remaining and summarize with color coding. Gray indicates a small comment, brown indicates a medium comment, orange a large comment, and red a comment overflow. One comment can only be submitted every 15 seconds. If comment is submitted too soon, show a popup with appropriate error message. A couple of issues I noticed with this example. This should ideally be a widget or some sort of packaged functionality. Things like a comment per 15 seconds, and minimum 15 character comment belong to some application wide policies rather than being embedded inside each widget. Too many hard-coded values. No code organization. Model, Views, Controllers are all bundled together. Not that MVC is the only approach for organizing rich client side web applications, but there is none in this example. How would you go about cleaning this up? Applying a little MVC/MVP along the way? Here's some of the relevant functions, but it will make more sense if you saw the entire code on jsfiddle: /** * Handle comment change. * Update character count. * Indicate progress */ function handleCommentUpdate(comment) { var status = $('.comment-status'); status.text(getStatusText(comment)); status.removeClass('mild spicy hot sizzling'); status.addClass(getStatusClass(comment)); } /** * Is the comment valid for submission */ function commentSubmittable(comment) { var notTooSoon = !isTooSoon(); var notEmpty = !isEmpty(comment); var hasEnoughCharacters = !isTooShort(comment); return notTooSoon && notEmpty && hasEnoughCharacters; } // submit comment $('.add-comment').click(function() { var comment = $('.comment-box').val(); // submit comment, fake ajax call if(commentSubmittable(comment)) { .. } // show a popup if comment is mostly spaces if(isTooShort(comment)) { if(comment.length < 15) { // blink status message } else { popup("Comment must be at least 15 characters in length."); } } // show a popup is comment submitted too soon else if(isTooSoon()) { popup("Only 1 comment allowed per 15 seconds."); } });

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  • Best practice for DAO pattern ?

    - by Tony
    I've seen a lot of codes use a service-dao pattern , I don't know the origin of this pattern . It force the front layer call service , then delegates some of the service task to dao. I want to ask : Does DAO layer do purely data access related task ? What about exception encapsulation ? Is there other pattern can be used to replace this ?

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  • How to avoid using this in a constructor

    - by Paralife
    I have this situation: interface MessageListener { void onMessageReceipt(Message message); } class MessageReceiver { MessageListener listener; public MessageReceiver(MessageListener listener, other arguments...) { this.listener = listener; } loop() { Message message = nextMessage(); listener.onMessageReceipt(message); } } and I want to avoid the following pattern: (Using the this in the Client constructor) class Client implements MessageListener { MessageReceiver receiver; MessageSender sender; public Client(...) { receiver = new MessageReceiver(this, other arguments...); sender = new Sender(...); } . . . @Override public void onMessageReceipt(Message message) { if(Message.isGood()) sender.send("Congrtulations"); else sender.send("Boooooooo"); } } The reason why i need the above functionality is because i want to call the sender inside the onMessageReceipt() function, for example to send a reply. But I dont want to pass the sender into a listener, so the only way I can think of is containing the sender in a class that implements the listener, hence the above resulting Client implementation. Is there a way to achive this without the use of 'this' in the constructor? It feels bizare and i dont like it, since i am passing myself to an object(MessageReceiver) before I am fully constructed. On the other hand, the MessageReceiver is not passed from outside, it is constructed inside, but does this 'purifies' the bizarre pattern? I am seeking for an alternative or an assurance of some kind that this is safe, or situations on which it might backfire on me.

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  • Singleton class design in C#, are these two classes equivalent?

    - by Oskar
    I was reading up on singleton class design in C# on this great resource and decided to go with alternative 4: public sealed class Singleton1 { static readonly Singleton1 _instance = new Singleton1(); static Singleton1() { } Singleton1() { } public static Singleton1 Instance { get { return _instance; } } } Now I wonder if this can be rewritten using auto properties like this? public sealed class Singleton2 { static Singleton2() { Instance = new Singleton2(); } Singleton2() { } public static Singleton2 Instance { get; private set; } } If its only a matter of readability I definitely prefer the second version, but I want to get it right.

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  • Factory Method Pattern clarification

    - by nettguy
    My understanding of Factory Method Pattern is (Correct me if i am wrong) Factory Method Pattern "Factory Method allow the client to delegates the product creation (Instance Creation) to the subclass". There are two situation in which we can go for creating Factory Method pattern. (i) When the client is restricted to the product (Instance) creation. (ii) There are multiple products available.But a decision to be made which product instance need to be returned. If you want to create Abstract Method pattern You need to have abstract product Concrete Product Factory Method to return the appropriate product. Example : public enum ORMChoice { L2SQL, EFM, LS, Sonic } //Abstract Product public interface IProduct { void ProductTaken(); } //Concrete Product public class LinqtoSql : IProduct { public void ProductTaken() { Console.WriteLine("OR Mapping Taken:LinqtoSql"); } } //concrete product public class Subsonic : IProduct { public void ProductTaken() { Console.WriteLine("OR Mapping Taken:Subsonic"); } } //concrete product public class EntityFramework : IProduct { public void ProductTaken() { Console.WriteLine("OR Mapping Taken:EntityFramework"); } } //concrete product public class LightSpeed : IProduct { public void ProductTaken() { Console.WriteLine("OR Mapping Taken :LightSpeed"); } } public class Creator { //Factory Method public IProduct ReturnORTool(ORMChoice choice) { switch (choice) { case ORMChoice.EFM:return new EntityFramework(); break; case ORMChoice.L2SQL:return new LinqtoSql(); break; case ORMChoice.LS:return new LightSpeed(); break; case ORMChoice.Sonic:return new Subsonic(); break; default: return null; } } } **Client** Button_Click() { Creator c = new Creator(); IProduct p = c.ReturnORTool(ORMChoice.L2SQL); p.ProductTaken(); } Is my understanding of Factory Method is correct?

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  • Maintain List of Active Users for Web

    - by Bryan Marble
    Problem Statement - Would like to know if particular web app user is active (i.e. logged in and using site) and be able to query for list of active users or determine a user's activity status. Constraints - Doesn't need to be exact (i.e. if a user was active within a certain timeframe, that's ok to say that they're active even if they've closed their browser). I feel like there should be a design pattern for this type of problem but haven't been able to find anything here or elsewhere on the web. Approaches I'm considering: Maintain a table that is updated any time a user performs an action (or some subset of actions). Would then query for users that have performed an action within some threshold of time. Try to monitor session information and maintain a table that lists logged in users and times out after a certain period of time. Some other more standard way of doing this? How would you approach this problem (again, from a design pattern perspective)? Thanks!

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  • when to use the abstract factory pattern?

    - by hguser
    Hi: I want to know when we need to use the abstract factory pattern. Here is an example,I want to know if it is necessary. The UML THe above is the abstract factory pattern, it is recommended by my classmate. THe following is myown implemention. I do not think it is necessary to use the pattern. And the following is some core codes: package net; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; import java.util.Properties; public class Test { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException, ClassNotFoundException { DaoRepository dr=new DaoRepository(); AbstractDao dao=dr.findDao("sql"); dao.insert(); } } class DaoRepository { Map<String, AbstractDao> daoMap=new HashMap<String, AbstractDao>(); public DaoRepository () throws IOException, InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException, ClassNotFoundException { Properties p=new Properties(); p.load(DaoRepository.class.getResourceAsStream("Test.properties")); initDaos(p); } public void initDaos(Properties p) throws InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException, ClassNotFoundException { String[] daoarray=p.getProperty("dao").split(","); for(String dao:daoarray) { AbstractDao ad=(AbstractDao)Class.forName(dao).newInstance(); daoMap.put(ad.getID(),ad); } } public AbstractDao findDao(String id) {return daoMap.get(id);} } abstract class AbstractDao { public abstract String getID(); public abstract void insert(); public abstract void update(); } class SqlDao extends AbstractDao { public SqlDao() {} public String getID() {return "sql";} public void insert() {System.out.println("sql insert");} public void update() {System.out.println("sql update");} } class AccessDao extends AbstractDao { public AccessDao() {} public String getID() {return "access";} public void insert() {System.out.println("access insert");} public void update() {System.out.println("access update");} } And the content of the Test.properties is just one line: dao=net.SqlDao,net.SqlDao So any ont can tell me if this suitation is necessary?

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  • Refactoring a C# derived class with method dependancies

    - by drelihan
    Hi Folks, I want to get your opinion on this. I have a class which is derived from a base class. I don't have control over the code in the base class and it is critical to the system that I derive from it. In my class I inherite two methods that are critical to the system and are used in pretty much every function, many times. I intend to refactor this derived class and extract some classes from it - this won't be a problem. What I'm not sure about is, is it worth extracting class if I have to constantly make call backs to my main class to access the two methods (or public wrappers to the methods)??? Thanks

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  • Design Question on when to save

    - by Ben
    Hi, I was just after peoples opinion on when the best time to save an object (or collection of objects) is. I appreciate that it can be completely dependent on the situation that you are in but here is my situation. I have a collection of objects "MyCollection" in a grid. You can open each object "MyObject" in an editor dialogue by double clicking on the grid. Selecting "Cancel" on the dialogue will back out any changes you have made, but should selecting "ok" commit those changes back to the database, or should they commit the changes on that object back to the collection and have a save method that iterates through the collection and saves all changed objects? If i have an object "MyParentObject", that contains a collection of childen "MyChildObjectCollection", none of the changes made to each "MyChildObject" would be commited to the database until the "MyParentObject" was saved - this makes sense. However in my current situation, none of the objects in the collection are linked, therefore should the "Ok" on the dialogue commit the changes to the database? Appreciate any opinions on this. Thanks

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  • c# Attribute Question

    - by Petoj
    Well i need some help here i don't know how to solve this problem. the function of the attribute is to determine if the function can be run... So what i need is the following: The consumer of the attribute should be able to determine if it can be executed. The owner of the attribute should be able to tell the consumer that now it can/can't be executed (like a event). It must have a simple syntax. This is what i have so far but it only implements point 1, 3. [AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Method, AllowMultiple = false)] public class ExecuteMethodAttribute : Attribute { private Func<object, bool> canExecute; public Func<object, bool> CanExecute { get { return canExecute; } } public ExecuteMethodAttribute() { } public ExecuteMethodAttribute(Func<object, bool> canExecute) { this.canExecute = canExecute; } }

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  • Representing game states in Tic Tac Toe

    - by dacman
    The goal of the assignment that I'm currently working on for my Data Structures class is to create a of Quantum Tic Tac Toe with an AI that plays to win. Currently, I'm having a bit of trouble finding the most efficient way to represent states. Overview of current Structure: AbstractGame Has and manages AbstractPlayers (game.nextPlayer() returns next player by int ID) Has and intializes AbstractBoard at the beginning of the game Has a GameTree (Complete if called in initialization, incomplete otherwise) AbstractBoard Has a State, a Dimension, and a Parent Game Is a mediator between Player and State, (Translates States from collections of rows to a Point representation Is a StateConsumer AbstractPlayer Is a State Producer Has a ConcreteEvaluationStrategy to evaluate the current board StateTransveralPool Precomputes possible transversals of "3-states". Stores them in a HashMap, where the Set contains nextStates for a given "3-state" State Contains 3 Sets -- a Set of X-Moves, O-Moves, and the Board Each Integer in the set is a Row. These Integer values can be used to get the next row-state from the StateTransversalPool SO, the principle is Each row can be represented by the binary numbers 000-111, where 0 implies an open space and 1 implies a closed space. So, for an incomplete TTT board: From the Set<Integer> board perspective: X_X R1 might be: 101 OO_ R2 might be: 110 X_X R3 might be: 101, where 1 is an open space, and 0 is a closed space From the Set<Integer> xMoves perspective: X_X R1 might be: 101 OO_ R2 might be: 000 X_X R3 might be: 101, where 1 is an X and 0 is not From the Set<Integer> oMoves perspective: X_X R1 might be: 000 OO_ R2 might be: 110 X_X R3 might be: 000, where 1 is an O and 0 is not Then we see that x{R1,R2,R3} & o{R1,R2,R3} = board{R1,R2,R3} The problem is quickly generating next states for the GameTree. If I have player Max (x) with board{R1,R2,R3}, then getting the next row-states for R1, R2, and R3 is simple.. Set<Integer> R1nextStates = StateTransversalPool.get(R1); The problem is that I have to combine each one of those states with R1 and R2. Is there a better data structure besides Set that I could use? Is there a more efficient approach in general? I've also found Point<-State mediation cumbersome. Is there another approach that I could try there? Thanks! Here is the code for my ConcretePlayer class. It might help explain how players produce new states via moves, using the StateProducer (which might need to become StateFactory or StateBuilder). public class ConcretePlayerGeneric extends AbstractPlayer { @Override public BinaryState makeMove() { // Given a move and the current state, produce a new state Point playerMove = super.strategy.evaluate(this); BinaryState currentState = super.getInGame().getBoard().getState(); return StateProducer.getState(this, playerMove, currentState); } } EDIT: I'm starting with normal TTT and moving to Quantum TTT. Given the framework, it should be as simple as creating several new Concrete classes and tweaking some things.

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