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  • Behaviour tree code example?

    - by jokoon
    http://altdevblogaday.org/2011/02/24/introduction-to-behavior-trees/ Obviously the most interesting article I found on this website. What do you think about it ? It lacks some code example, don't you know any ? I also read that state machines are not very flexible compared to behaviour trees... On top of that I'm not sure if there is a true link between state machines and the state pattern... is there ?

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  • Architecture of an action multiplayer game from scratch

    - by lcf
    Not sure whether it's a good place to ask (do point me to a better one if it's not), but since what we're developing is a game - here it goes. So this is a "real-time" action multiplayer game. I have familiarized myself with concepts like lag compensation, view interpolation, input prediction and pretty much everything that I need for this. I have also prepared a set of prototypes to confirm that I understood everything correctly. My question is about the situation when game engine must be rewind to the past to find out whether there was a "hit" (sometimes it may involve the whole 'recomputation' of the world from that moment in the past up to the present moment. I already have a piece of code that does it, but it's not as neat as I need it to be. The domain logic of the app (the physics of the game) must be separated from the presentation (render) and infrastructure tools (e.g. the remote server interaction specifics). How do I organize all this? :) Is there any worthy implementation with open sources I can take a look at? What I'm thinking is something like this: -> Render / User Input -> Game Engine (this is the so called service layer) -> Processing User Commands & Remote Server -> Domain (Physics) How would you add into this scheme the concept of "ticks" or "interactions" with the possibility to rewind and recalculate "the game"? Remember, I cannot change the Domain/Physics but only the Game Engine. Should I store an array of "World's States"? Should they be just some representations of the world, optimized for this purpose somehow (how?) or should they be actual instances of the world (i.e. including behavior and all that). Has anybody had similar experience? (never worked on a game before if that matters)

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  • Xna, after mouse click cpu usage goes 100%

    - by kosnkov
    Hi i have following code and it is enough just if i click on blue window then cpu goes to 100% for like at least one minute even with my i7 4 cores. I just check even with empty project and is the same !!! public class Game1 : Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Game { GraphicsDeviceManager graphics; SpriteBatch spriteBatch; private Texture2D cursorTex; private Vector2 cursorPos; GraphicsDevice device; float xPosition; float yPosition; public Game1() { graphics = new GraphicsDeviceManager(this); Content.RootDirectory = "Content"; } protected override void Initialize() { Viewport vp = GraphicsDevice.Viewport; xPosition = vp.X + (vp.Width / 2); yPosition = vp.Y + (vp.Height / 2); device = graphics.GraphicsDevice; base.Initialize(); } protected override void LoadContent() { spriteBatch = new SpriteBatch(GraphicsDevice); cursorTex = Content.Load<Texture2D>("strzalka"); } protected override void UnloadContent() { // TODO: Unload any non ContentManager content here } protected override void Update(GameTime gameTime) { // Allows the game to exit if (GamePad.GetState(PlayerIndex.One).Buttons.Back == ButtonState.Pressed) this.Exit(); base.Update(gameTime); } protected override void Draw(GameTime gameTime) { GraphicsDevice.Clear(Color.CornflowerBlue); spriteBatch.Begin(); spriteBatch.Draw(cursorTex, cursorPos, Color.White); spriteBatch.End(); base.Draw(gameTime); } }

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  • AndEngine Foreground Sprite

    - by McGrey
    I'm developing an Android game and have some troubles: I want to add some foreground sprites, that must obstruct my player. Se the following example: Its a screenshot from "Shinobi 3". We can see the player, the enemy, the background and two foreground trees, that hide the player's arm and part of the enemy. I'm using AndEngine GLES2 Anchor Center and I am trying to add a new layer to my scene. Sprite Forest = new Sprite(getWidth() * 0.5f, textureHeightForest * 0.5f + 100, ResourcesManager.getInstance().foreground_forest_region, vbom); Entity foregroundLayer = new Entity(); foregroundLayer.attachChild(hillFurthest); attachChild(foregroundLayer); But it still shows behind my player sprite. I am trying to find something in HUD-class (it's always shown in the foreground), but got no results. Can anyone help please?

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  • How do client-server cooperation based games like Diablo 3 work?

    - by edgar
    Diablo 3 cooperates with Blizzard servers even during single player games. In fact, Blizzard has had problems with the games "melting their servers." I would like to ask: How do the client and the server communicate? What details does the client leave to the server, and vice versa? What details are redundant - both the client and the server know - and how often do they disagree? The previous paragraph contains the important questions, but I have a few more that I must explain my motivation towards. I am interested in the programming of botting. Ethical botting - I don't plan on actually abusing the automation to run 24/7. I just find it to be a great programming challenge to glean information from a game, and then make decisions from that information. I am stuck in the starting gate. The unofficial questions from this post would be: How can I make a bot (language, tools, libraries)? Can I get information through the communication between client and server, rather than the brute force pixel detection easily used in more static games? There probably is a trust issue, and to that all I can say is that I promise not to abuse the answers. But please feel free to answer any of the questions you feel comfortable with. Thank you!

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  • Displaying and updating score in Android (OpenGL ES 2)

    - by user16547
    I'm using a FrameLayout where I have a GLSurfaceView at the bottom and a few Views on top of it. One of those Views is a TextView that displays the current score. Here's how I'm updating the score TextView based on what happens in my game loop: whenever an event happens that increases the score, I call activity.runOnUiThread(updater), where activity is the activity that has the above FrameLayout (my main game activity) and updater is just a Runnable that increments the score. From my understanding, using runOnUiThread() from the OpenGL thread is standard practice - otherwise you'll get an exception, I can't remember its name. The problem is that there's a very noticeable lag between the event and the score update. For example the character gets a coin, but the coin count is not updated quickly. I tried summing all the score events from my game loop and calling runOnUiThread() only once per loop, but it doesn't seem to make much of a difference - the lag is still noticeable. How can I improve my design to avoid this lag?

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  • Physic engine for snooker/billard game

    - by Marc Gillé
    I think most billard/snooker games have a lot of problems with their physic engines. They are far away from realistic and you can't really enjoy the game (especially when snooker is your hobby :) ) So I want to try to make an own physic engine (and own snooker game). I think the physic engine is the most important part of such a game. So my question is: Do anybody know an open physic enginge I can start with? Is there any literature about such physic problems?

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  • Calculate the intersection depth between a rectangle and a right triangle

    - by Celarix
    all. I'm working on a 2D platformer built in C#/XNA, and I'm having a lot of problems calculating the intersection depth between a standard rectangle (used for sprites) and a right triangle (used for sloping tiles). Ideally, the rectangle will collide with the solid edges of the triangle, and its bottom-center point will collide with the sloped edge. I've been fighting with this for a couple of days now, and I can't make sense of it. So far, the method detects intersections (somewhat), but it reports wildly wrong depths. How does one properly calculate the depth? Is there something I'm missing? Thanks!

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  • Behavior Trees and Animations

    - by Tom
    I have started working on the AI for a game, but am confused how I should handle animations. I will be using a Behavior Tree for AI behavior and Cocos2D for my game engine. Should my "PlayAnimationWalk" just be another node in the tree? Something similar to this: [Approach Player] - Play Walk animation - Move Towards player - Stop Walk animation Or should the node just update an AnimationState in the blackboard and have some type of animation handler/component reference this for which animation should be playing? This has been driving me nuts :)

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  • Scaling along an arbitrary axis (Dealing with non-uniform scale)

    - by Jon
    I'm trying to build my own little engine to get more familiar with the concepts of 3D programming. I have a transform class that on each frame it creates a Scaling Matrix (S), a Rotation Matrix from a Quaternion (R) and concatenates them together (S*R). Once i have SR, I insert the translation values into the bottom of the three columns. So i end up with a transformation matrix that looks like: [SR SR SR 0] [SR SR SR 0] [SR SR SR 0] [tx ty tz 1] This works perfectly in all cases except when rotating an object that has a non-uniform scale. For example a unit cube with ScaleX = 4, ScaleY = 2, ScaleZ = 1 will give me a rectangular box that is 4 times as wide as the depth and twice as high as the depth. If i then translate this around, the box stays the same and looks normal. The problem happens whenever I try to rotate this scaled box. The shape itself becomes distorted and it appears as though the Scale factors are affecting the object on the World X,Y,Z axis rather than the local X,Y,Z axis of the object. I've done some pretty extensive research through a variety of textbooks (Eberly, Moller/Hoffman, Phar etc) and there isn't a ton there to go off of. Online, most of the answers say to avoid non-uniform scaling which I understand the desire to avoid it, but I'd still like to figure out how to support it. The only thing I can think off is that when constructing a Scale Matrix: [sx 0 0 0] [0 sy 0 0] [0 0 sz 0] [0 0 0 1] This is scaling along the World Axis instead of the object's local Direction, Up and Right vectors or it's local Z, Y, X axis. Does anyone have any tips or ideas on how to handle construction a transformation matrix that allows for non-uniform scaling and rotation? Thanks!

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  • Show path of a body of where it should go after linear impulse is applied

    - by Farooq Arshed
    I am making a game with Andengine and Box2D. I have a dynamic body and I apply linear impulse on the body to move it around when the user have touched the screen. Now I want to show the path where the body will go when the user have touched. If you have played Angry Birds or Basket Ball Shoot or any other which have projectile motion with a path shown you will get my point. I want to show the white dots which are shown in those games.

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  • Suggestions to start a cross-platform project

    - by Gabriele
    I have a big project in my head, it should be cross-platform (Win, Max and Linux), online (Client - Server) and with 3D graphics. I would like some suggestions to start with the right things. Currently I'm a PHP/MySQL coder, I used to code in C and Pascal on DOS ages (Borland Times ;)), my C knowlegde need a refresh but it's ok. I guess C++ it's the right language. What platform and what i should use to code? I can choose from all three platforms. My idea was to use Visual Studio 2010 C++, but i'm not sure if it support Native code. What kind of libraries should i use? I guessed OpenSSL for the login, OpenGL for graphics part. For the Audio or the GUI? Any other suggestions are well accepted. I know it's a "BIG DEAL" but I have no rush and it'll be a free-time project, only for my pleasure. Thank you in advance.

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  • why are my players drawn to the side of my viewport

    - by Jetbuster
    Following this admittedly brilliant and clean 2d camera class I have a camera on each player, and it works for multiplayer and i've divided the screen into two sections for split screen by giving each camera a viewport. However in the game it looks like this I'm not sure if thats their position relative to the screen or what The relevant gameScreen code, the makePlayers is setup so it could theoretically work for up to 4 players private void makePlayers() { int rowCount = 1; if (NumberOfPlayers > 2) rowCount = 2; players = new Player[NumberOfPlayers]; for (int i = 0; i < players.Length; i++) { int xSize = GameRef.Window.ClientBounds.Width / 2; int ySize = GameRef.Window.ClientBounds.Height / rowCount; int col = i % rowCount; int row = i / rowCount; int xPoint = 0 + xSize * row; int yPoint = 0 + ySize * col; Viewport viewport = new Viewport(xPoint, yPoint, xSize, ySize); Vector2 playerPosition = new Vector2(viewport.TitleSafeArea.X + viewport.TitleSafeArea.Width / 2, viewport.TitleSafeArea.Y + viewport.TitleSafeArea.Height / 2); players[i] = new Player(playerPosition, playerSprites[i], GameRef, viewport); } //players[1].Keyboard = true; } public override void Draw(GameTime gameTime) { base.Draw(gameTime); foreach (Player player in players) { GraphicsDevice.Viewport = player.PlayerCamera.ViewPort; GameRef.spriteBatch.Begin(SpriteSortMode.Immediate, BlendState.AlphaBlend, SamplerState.PointClamp, null, null, null, player.PlayerCamera.Transform); map.Draw(GameRef.spriteBatch); // Draw the Player player.Draw(GameRef.spriteBatch); // Draw UI screen elements GraphicsDevice.Viewport = Viewport; ControlManager.Draw(GameRef.spriteBatch); GameRef.spriteBatch.End(); } } the player's initialize and draw methods are like so internal void Initialize() { this.score = 0; this.angle = (float)(Math.PI * 0 / 180);//Start sprite at it's default rotation int width = utils.scaleInt(picture.Width, imageScale); int height = utils.scaleInt(picture.Height, imageScale); this.hitBox = new HitBox(new Vector2(centerPos.X - width / 2, centerPos.Y - height / 2), width, height, Color.Black, game.Window.ClientBounds); playerCamera.Initialize(); } #region Methods public void Draw(SpriteBatch spriteBatch) { //Console.WriteLine("Hitbox: X({0}),Y({1})", hitBox.Points[0].X, hitBox.Points[0].Y); //Console.WriteLine("Image: X({0}),Y({1})", centerPos.X, centerPos.Y); Vector2 orgin = new Vector2(picture.Width / 2, picture.Height / 2); hitBox.Draw(spriteBatch); utils.DrawCrosshair(spriteBatch, Position, game.Window.ClientBounds, Color.Red); spriteBatch.Draw(picture, Position, null, Color.White, angle, orgin, imageScale, SpriteEffects.None, 0.1f); } as I said I think I'm gonna need to do something with the render position but I'm to entirely sure what or how it would be elegant to say the least

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  • Best way to blend colors in tile lighting? (XNA)

    - by Lemoncreme
    I have made a color, decent, recursive, fast tile lighting system in my game. It does everything I need except one thing: different colors are not blended at all: Here is my color blend code: return (new Color( (byte)MathHelper.Clamp(color.R / factor, 0, 255), (byte)MathHelper.Clamp(color.G / factor, 0, 255), (byte)MathHelper.Clamp(color.B / factor, 0, 255))); As you can see it does not take the already in place color into account. color is the color of the previous light, which is weakened by the above code by factor. If I wanted to blend using the color already in place, I would use the variable blend. Here is an example of a blend that I tried that failed, using blend: return (new Color( (byte)MathHelper.Clamp(((color.R + blend.R) / 2) / factor, 0, 255), (byte)MathHelper.Clamp(((color.G + blend.G) / 2) / factor, 0, 255), (byte)MathHelper.Clamp(((color.B + blend.B) / 2) / factor, 0, 255))); This color blend produces inaccurate and strange results. I need a blend that is accurate, like the first example, that blends the two colors together. What is the best way to do this?

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  • How do you set up PhysFS for use in a game?

    - by ThePlan
    After my recent question on GD I've been advised to use PhysFS to pack all my game data in 1 file. So I have, and the decission wasn't light, because I've tried out every library in my answers but none contained a single good tutorial whatsoever, in fact PhysFS is the poorest documented library I've ever seen. After attempting to set up PhysFS in my game I realized it's not as simple as adding the headers to the project, it appears something much more complicated, in fact after my first attempt to install PhysFS the compiler ran out of memory to display errors, it reached the critical count of 50 errors. So basically what I'm asking here is: How can I set up PhysFS on my game? I'm using Code::Blocks IDE on Windows XP SP3;

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  • Sorting objects before rendering

    - by dreta
    I'm trying to implement a scene graph and in all the articles i've come across there is talk about object sorting. So you'd sort your objects by "material" for example. Now untill i sat down and started implementing it, i kind of took this for granted, because it made sense. But now i'm wondering what does sorting actually change? In my engine, i have a manager for UBOs, i use those to store data that'll be shared between programs, at the moment that only involves time, camera and projection matrices and lights (i'm not worrying about managing which lights affect which objects ATM). Now for each model i have to change the model to world matrix uniform, no sorting is going to change that. So is the jump from changing this matrix to also setting a material for each object that bad? I vaguely remember reading somewhere that each time you change something in the pipeline, it has to get flushed and that can cause performance issues. But for each drawing call i'm setting up a model to world matrix anyway, so what sense does it make to ever be concerned about this? BTW is there any information about whether changing a uniform and calling glBufferSubData is more (or less) expensive.

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  • About online game servers and how to handle data

    - by TreantBG
    So my question isn't about what technology to use or how to do this or that, but a more general question. I'm currently developing a action third person shooter. With elements of RPG - weapon,armor upgrades and items. Players will be able to create new games or join old ones. So my question is how to create the game server that players will play in. I have two ideas on my mind. The player who made the game is the server. All data passes trough him and he send this data to the server updating the database of the players with their XP points kills/deaths score and other. Or my host machine is the server, the player who made the game just will open new instance on my host and will be like client. And all players send their input data to the host, the host updates the game and send response back to client for any new changes like where is the enemy and other. And if i choose option 1 is there a chance the host to change the game content and manipulate the game results? (I think there is but i'm not sure) And if i choose option 2 isn't that raising the response time and potentially the game lag? or maybe there is another option?

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  • Making body(box2d) a spite(andengine) in android

    - by Kadir
    I can't make body(box2d) a spite(andengine) and at the same time i wanna apply MoveModifier to sprite which is body.if i can make just body,it works namely the srites can collide.if i can apply just MoveModifier to sprites,the sprites can move where i want.but i wanna make body(they can collide) and apply MoveModifier(they can move where i want) at the same time.How can i do? this my code just run MoveModifier not as body at the same time. circles[i] = new Sprite(startX, startY, textRegCircle[i]); body[i] = PhysicsFactory.createCircleBody(physicsWorld, circles[i], BodyType.DynamicBody, FIXTURE_DEF); physicsWorld.registerPhysicsConnector(new PhysicsConnector(circles[i], body[i], true, true)); circles[i].registerEntityModifier( (IEntityModifier) new SequenceEntityModifier ( new MoveModifier(10.0f, circles[i].getX(), circles[i].getX(), circles[i].getY(),CAMERA_HEIGHT+64.0f))); scene.getLastChild().attachChild(circles[i]); scene.registerUpdateHandler(physicsWorld);

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  • Circle-Line Collision Detection Problem

    - by jazzdawg
    I am currently developing a breakout clone and I have hit a roadblock in getting collision detection between a ball (circle) and a brick (convex polygon) working correctly. I am using a Circle-Line collision detection test where each line represents and edge on the convex polygon brick. For the majority of the time the Circle-Line test works properly and the points of collision are resolved correctly. Collision detection working correctly. However, occasionally my collision detection code returns false due to a negative discriminant when the ball is actually intersecting the brick. Collision detection failing. I am aware of the inefficiency with this method and I am using axis aligned bounding boxes to cut down on the number of bricks tested. My main concern is if there are any mathematical bugs in my code below. /* * from and to are points at the start and end of the convex polygons edge. * This function is called for every edge in the convex polygon until a * collision is detected. */ bool circleLineCollision(Vec2f from, Vec2f to) { Vec2f lFrom, lTo, lLine; Vec2f line, normal; Vec2f intersectPt1, intersectPt2; float a, b, c, disc, sqrt_disc, u, v, nn, vn; bool one = false, two = false; // set line vectors lFrom = from - ball.circle.centre; // localised lTo = to - ball.circle.centre; // localised lLine = lFrom - lTo; // localised line = from - to; // calculate a, b & c values a = lLine.dot(lLine); b = 2 * (lLine.dot(lFrom)); c = (lFrom.dot(lFrom)) - (ball.circle.radius * ball.circle.radius); // discriminant disc = (b * b) - (4 * a * c); if (disc < 0.0f) { // no intersections return false; } else if (disc == 0.0f) { // one intersection u = -b / (2 * a); intersectPt1 = from + (lLine.scale(u)); one = pointOnLine(intersectPt1, from, to); if (!one) return false; return true; } else { // two intersections sqrt_disc = sqrt(disc); u = (-b + sqrt_disc) / (2 * a); v = (-b - sqrt_disc) / (2 * a); intersectPt1 = from + (lLine.scale(u)); intersectPt2 = from + (lLine.scale(v)); one = pointOnLine(intersectPt1, from, to); two = pointOnLine(intersectPt2, from, to); if (!one && !two) return false; return true; } } bool pointOnLine(Vec2f p, Vec2f from, Vec2f to) { if (p.x >= min(from.x, to.x) && p.x <= max(from.x, to.x) && p.y >= min(from.y, to.y) && p.y <= max(from.y, to.y)) return true; return false; }

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  • Designing a "Grid" like object that contains game objects

    - by liortal
    I am working on a 2D game, where there's a game "board" on which other game objects are placed. This this is 2D, my starting point was to design a class that will internally use a 2d array for the actual stored game objects. This class could be simply accessed by 2 indices: (i, j) to get game objects on it. My problem is that i have no idea how to make the game "board" "propagate" its data onto its children. Design questions i ran into are: Should the children placed on the board have display properties such as size, screen position? Should the board itself dictate this information? How to update children in case the board changes some of its properties? (position, etc). Should the board be aware of the types of objects stored in it ? I have no idea how similar things such as WPF or other UI frameworks go about organizing a "container like" object that can arrange or apply certain UI properties to its children.

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  • How to make room reflection using Cubemap

    - by MaT
    I am trying to use a cube map of the inside of a room to create some reflections on walls, ceiling and floor. But when I use the cube map, the reflected image is not correct. The point of view seems to be false. To be correct I use a different cube map for each walls, floor or ceiling. The cube map is calculated from the center of the plane looking at the room. Are there specialized techniques to achieve such effect ? Thanks a lot !

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  • How to create a copy of an instance without having access to private variables

    - by Jamie
    Im having a bit of a problem. Let me show you the code first: public class Direction { private CircularList xSpeed, zSpeed; private int[] dirSquare = {-1, 0, 1, 0}; public Direction(int xSpeed, int zSpeed){ this.xSpeed = new CircularList(dirSquare, xSpeed); this.zSpeed = new CircularList(dirSquare, zSpeed); } public Direction(Point dirs){ this(dirs.x, dirs.y); } public void shiftLeft(){ xSpeed.shiftLeft(); zSpeed.shiftRight(); } public void shiftRight(){ xSpeed.shiftRight(); zSpeed.shiftLeft(); } public int getXSpeed(){ return this.xSpeed.currentValue(); } public int getZSpeed(){ return this.zSpeed.currentValue(); } } Now lets say i have an instance of Direction: Direction dir = new Direction(0, 0); As you can see in the code of Direction, the arguments fed to the constructor, are passed directly to some other class. One cannot be sure if they stay the same because methods shiftRight() and shiftLeft could have been called, which changes thos numbers. My question is, how do i create a completely new instance of Direction, that is basically copy(not by reference) of dir? The only way i see it, is to create public methods in both CircularList(i can post the code of this class, but its not relevant) and Direction that return the variables needed to create a copy of the instance, but this solution seems really dirty since those numbers are not supposed to be touched after beeing fed to the constructor, and therefore they are private.

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  • How do produce a "mucus spreading" effect in a 2D environment?

    - by nathan
    Here is an example of such a mucus spreading. The substance is spread around the source (in this example, the source would be the main alien building). The game is starcraft, the purple substance is called creep. How this kind of substance spreading would be achieved in a top down 2D environment? Recalculating the substance progression and regenerate the effect on the fly each frame or rather use a large collection of tiles or something else?

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  • Android: Layouts and views or a single full screen custom view?

    - by futlib
    I'm developing an Android game, and I'm making it so that it can run on low end devices without GPU, so I'm using the 2D API. I have so far tried to use Android's mechanisms such as layouts and activities where possible, but I'm beginning to wonder if it's not easier to just create a single custom view (or one per activity) and do all the work there. Here's an example of how I currently do things: I'm using a layout to display the game's background as an image view and the square game area, which is a custom view, centered in the middle. What would you say? Should I continue to use layouts where possible or is it more common/reasonable to just use a large custom view? I'm thinking that this would probably also make it easier to port my code to other platforms.

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  • Slerping rotation mirrors

    - by Esa
    I rotate my game character to watch at the target using the following code: transform.rotation = Quaternion.Slerp(startQuaternion, lookQuaternion, turningNormalizer*turningSpeed/10f) startQuaternion is the character's current rotation when a new target is given. lookQuaternion is the direction the character should look at and it's set like this: destinationVector = currentWaypoint.transform.position - transform.position; lookQuaternion = Quaternion.LookRotation(destinationVector, Vector3.up); turningNormalizer is just Time.deltaTime incremented and turningSpeed is a static value given in the editor. The problem is that while the character turns as it should most of the time, it has problems when it has to do close to 180 degrees. Then it at times jitters and mirrors the rotation: In this poorly drawn image the character(on the right) starts to turn towards the circle on the left. Instead of just turning either through left or right it starts this "mirror dance": It starts to rotate towards the new facing Then it suddenly snaps to the same angle but on other side and keeps rotating It does this "mirroring" so long until it looks at the target. Is this a thing with quaternions, slerping/lerping or something else?

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