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• What are some great papers/publications relating to game programming?

  - by Archagon

  What are some of your favorite papers and publications that closely relate to game programming? I'm particularly looking for examples that are well-written and illustrated, and/or have had a profound influence on the industry. (Here's one example: in this GDC talk, Bungie's David Aldridge mentions that a paper called "The TRIBES Engine Networking Model" was the starting point for Halo's network code.)

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• Can and should a game design be patented?

  - by Christian

  I have an idea for a game that I want to develop and I feel is unique, and I'm wondering if I should patent it. I read on the web that games can be patented, but just because it can be done doesn't mean that it makes sense to do it. I actually don't really want patent it (it's expensive, a hassle and I don't believe in patenting of ideas... unless it's something truly revolutionary). However, I'm concerned a bigger company could come along, with more experienced game designers and developers and steal the idea.

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• How to fix bad Collada produced by FBX?

  - by David

  I tried to use the FBX SDK (2011.3.1) to load FBX files and save them as Collada files in order to be able to import FBX files in Panda3D. Unfortunately the resulting Collada files are not usable for several reasons, among them: There's a Maya specific extra technique diffuse <diffuse> <texture texture="Map__2-image" texcoord="CHANNEL0"> <extra> <technique profile="MAYA"> <wrapU sid="wrapU0">TRUE</wrapU> <wrapV sid="wrapV0">TRUE</wrapV> <blend_mode>ADD</blend_mode> </technique> </extra> </texture> </diffuse> It assigns a texcoord channel name that isn't referenced anywhere else in the file (in the previous code sample, no geometry uses "CHANNEL0"...) Every polygon is exported twice, a first time with a basic material (only diffuse color, specular color, etc.) and a second time with a textured material -- this doubles the number of polygons of each model without any valuable reason Anyway, the resulting Collada file cannot be opened correctly either with OpenCOLLADA or Panda3D's "dae2egg". Anyone has any experience on how to "fix" it and make it understandable by common and well-reputed Collada importers such as OpenCOLLADA?

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• How to develop RPG Damage Formulas?

  - by user127817

  I'm developing a classical 2d RPG (in a similar vein to final fantasy) and I was wondering if anyone had some advice on how to do damage formulas/links to resources/examples? I'll explain my current setup. Hopefully I'm not overdoing it with this question, and I apologize if my questions is too large/broad My Characters stats are composed of the following: enum Stat { HP = 0, MP = 1, SP = 2, Strength = 3, Vitality = 4, Magic = 5, Spirit = 6, Skill = 7, Speed = 8, //Speed/Agility are the same thing Agility = 8, Evasion = 9, MgEvasion = 10, Accuracy = 11, Luck = 12, }; Vitality is basically defense to physical attacks and spirit is defense to magic attacks. All stats have fixed maximums (9999 for HP, 999 for MP/SP and 255 for the rest). With abilities, the maximums can be increased (99999 for HP, 9999 for HP/SP, 999 for the rest) with typical values (at level 100) before/after abilities+equipment+etc will be 8000/20,000 for HP, 800/2000 for SP/MP, 180/350 for other stats Late game Enemy HP will typically be in the lower millions (with a super boss having the maximum of ~12 million). I was wondering how do people actually develop proper damage formulas that scale correctly? For instance, based on this data, using the damage formulas for Final Fantasy X as a base looked very promising. A full reference here http://www.gamefaqs.com/ps2/197344-final-fantasy-x/faqs/31381 but as a quick example: Str = 127, 'Attack' command used, enemy Def = 34. 1. Physical Damage Calculation: Step 1 ------------------------------------- [{(Stat^3 ÷ 32) + 32} x DmCon ÷16] Step 2 ---------------------------------------- [{(127^3 ÷ 32) + 32} x 16 ÷ 16] Step 3 -------------------------------------- [{(2048383 ÷ 32) + 32} x 16 ÷ 16] Step 4 --------------------------------------------------- [{(64011) + 32} x 1] Step 5 -------------------------------------------------------- [{(64043 x 1)}] Step 6 ---------------------------------------------------- Base Damage = 64043 Step 7 ----------------------------------------- [{(Def - 280.4)^2} ÷ 110] + 16 Step 8 ------------------------------------------ [{(34 - 280.4)^2} ÷ 110] + 16 Step 9 ------------------------------------------------- [(-246)^2) ÷ 110] + 16 Step 10 ---------------------------------------------------- [60516 ÷ 110] + 16 Step 11 ------------------------------------------------------------ [550] + 16 Step 12 ---------------------------------------------------------- DefNum = 566 Step 13 ---------------------------------------------- [BaseDmg * DefNum ÷ 730] Step 14 --------------------------------------------------- [64043 * 566 ÷ 730] Step 15 ------------------------------------------------------ [36248338 ÷ 730] Step 16 ------------------------------------------------- Base Damage 2 = 49655 Step 17 ------------ Base Damage 2 * {730 - (Def * 51 - Def^2 ÷ 11) ÷ 10} ÷ 730 Step 18 ---------------------- 49655 * {730 - (34 * 51 - 34^2 ÷ 11) ÷ 10} ÷ 730 Step 19 ------------------------- 49655 * {730 - (1734 - 1156 ÷ 11) ÷ 10} ÷ 730 Step 20 ------------------------------- 49655 * {730 - (1734 - 105) ÷ 10} ÷ 730 Step 21 ------------------------------------- 49655 * {730 - (1629) ÷ 10} ÷ 730 Step 22 --------------------------------------------- 49655 * {730 - 162} ÷ 730 Step 23 ----------------------------------------------------- 49655 * 568 ÷ 730 Step 24 -------------------------------------------------- Final Damage = 38635 I simply modified the dividers to include the attack rating of weapons and the armor rating of armor. Magic Damage is calculated as follows: Mag = 255, Ultima is used, enemy MDef = 1 Step 1 ----------------------------------- [DmCon * ([Stat^2 ÷ 6] + DmCon) ÷ 4] Step 2 ------------------------------------------ [70 * ([255^2 ÷ 6] + 70) ÷ 4] Step 3 ------------------------------------------ [70 * ([65025 ÷ 6] + 70) ÷ 4] Step 4 ------------------------------------------------ [70 * (10837 + 70) ÷ 4] Step 5 ----------------------------------------------------- [70 * (10907) ÷ 4] Step 6 ------------------------------------ Base Damage = 190872 [cut to 99999] Step 7 ---------------------------------------- [{(MDef - 280.4)^2} ÷ 110] + 16 Step 8 ------------------------------------------- [{(1 - 280.4)^2} ÷ 110] + 16 Step 9 ---------------------------------------------- [{(-279.4)^2} ÷ 110] + 16 Step 10 -------------------------------------------------- [(78064) ÷ 110] + 16 Step 11 ------------------------------------------------------------ [709] + 16 Step 12 --------------------------------------------------------- MDefNum = 725 Step 13 --------------------------------------------- [BaseDmg * MDefNum ÷ 730] Step 14 --------------------------------------------------- [99999 * 725 ÷ 730] Step 15 ------------------------------------------------- Base Damage 2 = 99314 Step 16 ---------- Base Damage 2 * {730 - (MDef * 51 - MDef^2 ÷ 11) ÷ 10} ÷ 730 Step 17 ------------------------ 99314 * {730 - (1 * 51 - 1^2 ÷ 11) ÷ 10} ÷ 730 Step 18 ------------------------------ 99314 * {730 - (51 - 1 ÷ 11) ÷ 10} ÷ 730 Step 19 --------------------------------------- 99314 * {730 - (49) ÷ 10} ÷ 730 Step 20 ----------------------------------------------------- 99314 * 725 ÷ 730 Step 21 -------------------------------------------------- Final Damage = 98633 The problem is that the formulas completely fall apart once stats start going above 255. In particular Defense values over 300 or so start generating really strange behavior. High Strength + Defense stats lead to massive negative values for instance. While I might be able to modify the formulas to work correctly for my use case, it'd probably be easier just to use a completely new formula. How do people actually develop damage formulas? I was considering opening excel and trying to build the formula that way (mapping Attack Stats vs. Defense Stats for instance) but I was wondering if there's an easier way? While I can't convey the full game mechanics of my game here, might someone be able to suggest a good starting place for building a damage formula? Thanks

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• Adding cards to a vector for computer card game

  - by Tucker Morgan

  I am writing a Card game that has a deck size of 30 cards, each one of them has to be a unique, or at least a another (new XXXX) statement in a .push_back function, into a vector. Right now my plan is to add them to a vector one at a time with four separate, depending on what deck type you choose, collections of thirty .push_back functions. If the collection of card is not up for customization, other than what one of the four suits you pick, is there a quicker way of doing this, seems kinda tedious, and something that someone would have found a better way of doing.

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• Matrix rotation of a rectangle to "face" a given point in 2d

  - by justin.m.chase

  Suppose you have a rectangle centered at point (0, 0) and now I want to rotate it such that it is facing the point (100, 100), how would I do this purely with matrix math? To give some more specifics I am using javascript and canvas and I may have something like this: var position = {x : 0, y: 0 }; var destination = { x : 100, y: 100 }; var transform = Matrix.identity(); this.update = function(state) { // update transform to rotate to face destination }; this.draw = function(ctx) { ctx.save(); ctx.transform(transform); // a helper that just calls setTransform() ctx.beginPath(); ctx.rect(-5, -5, 10, 10); ctx.fillStyle = 'Blue'; ctx.fill(); ctx.lineWidth = 2; ctx.stroke(); ctx.restore(); } Feel free to assume any matrix function you need is available.

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• Load different levels in XML

  - by Anearion

  my question is more about a theoretical gener than a pratical way to make things happen. I'm about start developing a game for android, text based so i won't need sprites or animation, nor a game engine. Let's say is similar to a sudoku game, where each level is an harder version of sudoku and each level has some question to be asnwered over the sudoku itself. I was wondering if the better way is to have only one XML and then inside all the different levels, each one with his meta-tags, or if the different approach of making n xml files where each one is a level is preferred. At the moment a level should have those tags: <level> <question>Question_1</question> <hint1>what does it do?</hint1> <hint2>where...</hint2> .... <hintN>how...</hintN> </level> So each level could have some items to read and that's what made me think that maybe different files are better cuz if i have to load lvl 10 i can read only the 10.xml file. I hope my question isn't too stupind. Thanks in advance

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• UDP Code client server architecture

  - by GameBuilder

  Hi I have developed a game on android.Now I want to play it on wifi or 3G. I have game packets which i want to send it form client(mobile) to server then to another client2(mobile). I don't know how to write code in Java to send the playPackets continuously to server and receive the playPacket continuously from the server to the clients. I guess i have to use two thread one for sending and one for receiving. Can someone help me with the code, or the procedure to write code for it. Thanks in advance.

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• Loading a new instance of a class through XML not working quite right

  - by Thegluestickman

  I'm having trouble with XML and XNA. I want to be able to load weapon settings through XML to make my weapons easier to make and to have less code in the actual project file. So I started out making a basic XML document, something to just assign variables with. But no matter what I changed it gave me a new error every time. The code below gives me a "XML element 'Tag' not found", I added and it started to say the variables weren't found. What I wanted to do in the XML file as well, was load a texture for the file too. So I created a static class to hold my texture values, then in the Texture tag of my XML document I would set it to that instance too. I think that's were the problems are occuring because that's where the "XML element 'Tag' not found" error is pointing me too. My XML document: <XnaContent> <Asset Type="ConversationEngine.Weapon"> <weaponStrength>0</weaponStrength> <damageModifiers>0</damageModifiers> <speed>0</speed> <magicDefense>0</magicDefense> <description>0</description> <identifier>0</identifier> <weaponTexture>LoadWeaponTextures.ironSword</weaponTexture> </Asset> </XnaContent> My Class to load the weapon XML: public static class LoadWeaponXML { static Weapon Weapons; public static Weapon WeaponLoad(ContentManager content, int id) { Weapons = content.Load<Weapon>(@"Weapons/" + id); return Weapons; } } public static class LoadWeaponTextures { public static Texture2D ironSword; public static void TextureLoad(ContentManager content) { ironSword = content.Load<Texture2D>("Sword"); } } I'm not entirely sure if you can load textures through XML, but any help would be greatly appreciated.

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• Deterministic replay in a modern game

  - by cloudraven

  I am doing a study in modern games graphics, and as part of the study it would be really helpful to be able to replay a sequence in the game multiple times. For example, recording a series of inputs to get the exact video sequences, but being able to replay them in different computers or different graphics configurations. I want to do this study with a couple of existing commercial games with sophisticated graphics (something released in the last 1 or 2 years if possible). I was thinking on hooking with detours or something similar, calls to time() or srand() to fix all pseudo-number generated results. It would be ideal to have a general solution that works with any game. Since admittedly that is pretty ambitious, I would be happy just having 2 or 3 games in which it is known that I can get deterministic output for a given input. In the end, I will be comparing video output, so I want to avoid noise generated by differences on each execution caused by non-determinism. Any sugestions?

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• Why isn't my lighting working properly? Are my normals messed up?

  - by Radek Slupik

  I'm relatively new to OpenGL and I am trying to draw a 3D model (loaded from a 3ds file using lib3ds) using OpenGL with lighting, but about half of it is drawn in black. I set up the light as such: glEnable(GL_LIGHTING); glShadeModel(GL_SMOOTH); GLfloat ambientColor[] = {0.2f, 0.2f, 0.2f, 1.0f}; glLightModelfv(GL_LIGHT_MODEL_AMBIENT, ambientColor); glEnable(GL_LIGHT0); GLfloat lightColor0[] = {1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f}; GLfloat lightPos0[] = {4.0f, 0.0f, 8.0f, 0.0f}; glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_DIFFUSE, lightColor0); glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_POSITION, lightPos0); The model is in a VBO and drawn using glDrawArrays. The normals are in a separate VBO, and the normals are calculated using lib3ds_mesh_calculate_vertex_normals: std::vector<std::array<float, 3>> normals; for (std::size_t i = 0; i < model->nmeshes; ++i) { auto& mesh = *model->meshes[i]; std::vector<float[3]> vertex_normals(mesh.nfaces * 3); lib3ds_mesh_calculate_vertex_normals(&mesh, vertex_normals.data()); for (std::size_t j = 0; j < mesh.nfaces; ++j) { auto& face = mesh.faces[j]; normals.push_back(make_array(vertex_normals[j])); } } glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, normal_vbo_); glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, normals.size() * sizeof(decltype(normals)::value_type), normals.data(), GL_STATIC_DRAW); The problem isn't the vertices; the model is drawn correctly when drawing it as a wireframe. I also fixed the normals in Blender using controlN. What could be the problem? Should I store the normals in a different order?

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• Restricting joystick within a radius of center

  - by Phil

  I'm using Unity3d iOs and am using the example joysticks that came with one of the packages. It works fine but the area the joystick moves in is a rectangle which is unintuitive for my type of game. I can figure out how to see if the distance between the center and the current point is too far but I can't figure out how to constrain it to a certain distance without interrupting the finger tracking. Here's the relevant code: using UnityEngine; using System.Collections; public class Boundary { public Vector2 min = Vector2.zero; public Vector2 max = Vector2.zero; } public class Joystick : MonoBehaviour{ static private Joystick[] joysticks; // A static collection of all joysticks static private bool enumeratedJoysticks=false; static private float tapTimeDelta = 0.3f; // Time allowed between taps public bool touchPad; // Is this a TouchPad? public Rect touchZone; public Vector2 deadZone = Vector2.zero; // Control when position is output public bool normalize = false; // Normalize output after the dead-zone? public Vector2 position; // [-1, 1] in x,y public int tapCount; // Current tap count private int lastFingerId = -1; // Finger last used for this joystick private float tapTimeWindow; // How much time there is left for a tap to occur private Vector2 fingerDownPos; private float fingerDownTime; private float firstDeltaTime = 0.5f; private GUITexture gui; // Joystick graphic private Rect defaultRect; // Default position / extents of the joystick graphic private Boundary guiBoundary = new Boundary(); // Boundary for joystick graphic public Vector2 guiTouchOffset; // Offset to apply to touch input private Vector2 guiCenter; // Center of joystick private Vector3 tmpv3; private Rect tmprect; private Color tmpclr; public float allowedDistance; public enum JoystickType { movement, rotation } public JoystickType joystickType; public void Start() { // Cache this component at startup instead of looking up every frame gui = (GUITexture) GetComponent( typeof(GUITexture) ); // Store the default rect for the gui, so we can snap back to it defaultRect = gui.pixelInset; if ( touchPad ) { // If a texture has been assigned, then use the rect ferom the gui as our touchZone if ( gui.texture ) touchZone = gui.pixelInset; } else { // This is an offset for touch input to match with the top left // corner of the GUI guiTouchOffset.x = defaultRect.width * 0.5f; guiTouchOffset.y = defaultRect.height * 0.5f; // Cache the center of the GUI, since it doesn't change guiCenter.x = defaultRect.x + guiTouchOffset.x; guiCenter.y = defaultRect.y + guiTouchOffset.y; // Let's build the GUI boundary, so we can clamp joystick movement guiBoundary.min.x = defaultRect.x - guiTouchOffset.x; guiBoundary.max.x = defaultRect.x + guiTouchOffset.x; guiBoundary.min.y = defaultRect.y - guiTouchOffset.y; guiBoundary.max.y = defaultRect.y + guiTouchOffset.y; } } public void Disable() { gameObject.active = false; enumeratedJoysticks = false; } public void ResetJoystick() { if (joystickType != JoystickType.rotation) { //Don't do anything if turret mode // Release the finger control and set the joystick back to the default position gui.pixelInset = defaultRect; lastFingerId = -1; position = Vector2.zero; fingerDownPos = Vector2.zero; if ( touchPad ){ tmpclr = gui.color; tmpclr.a = 0.025f; gui.color = tmpclr; } } else { //gui.pixelInset = defaultRect; lastFingerId = -1; position = position; fingerDownPos = fingerDownPos; if ( touchPad ){ tmpclr = gui.color; tmpclr.a = 0.025f; gui.color = tmpclr; } } } public bool IsFingerDown() { return (lastFingerId != -1); } public void LatchedFinger( int fingerId ) { // If another joystick has latched this finger, then we must release it if ( lastFingerId == fingerId ) ResetJoystick(); } public void Update() { if ( !enumeratedJoysticks ) { // Collect all joysticks in the game, so we can relay finger latching messages joysticks = (Joystick[]) FindObjectsOfType( typeof(Joystick) ); enumeratedJoysticks = true; } //CHeck if distance is over the allowed amount //Get centerPosition //Get current position //Get distance //If over, don't allow int count = iPhoneInput.touchCount; // Adjust the tap time window while it still available if ( tapTimeWindow > 0 ) tapTimeWindow -= Time.deltaTime; else tapCount = 0; if ( count == 0 ) ResetJoystick(); else { for(int i = 0;i < count; i++) { iPhoneTouch touch = iPhoneInput.GetTouch(i); Vector2 guiTouchPos = touch.position - guiTouchOffset; bool shouldLatchFinger = false; if ( touchPad ) { if ( touchZone.Contains( touch.position ) ) shouldLatchFinger = true; } else if ( gui.HitTest( touch.position ) ) { shouldLatchFinger = true; } // Latch the finger if this is a new touch if ( shouldLatchFinger && ( lastFingerId == -1 || lastFingerId != touch.fingerId ) ) { if ( touchPad ) { tmpclr = gui.color; tmpclr.a = 0.15f; gui.color = tmpclr; lastFingerId = touch.fingerId; fingerDownPos = touch.position; fingerDownTime = Time.time; } lastFingerId = touch.fingerId; // Accumulate taps if it is within the time window if ( tapTimeWindow > 0 ) { tapCount++; print("tap" + tapCount.ToString()); } else { tapCount = 1; print("tap" + tapCount.ToString()); //Tell gameobject that player has tapped turret joystick if (joystickType == JoystickType.rotation) { //TODO: Call! } tapTimeWindow = tapTimeDelta; } // Tell other joysticks we've latched this finger foreach ( Joystick j in joysticks ) { if ( j != this ) j.LatchedFinger( touch.fingerId ); } } if ( lastFingerId == touch.fingerId ) { // Override the tap count with what the iPhone SDK reports if it is greater // This is a workaround, since the iPhone SDK does not currently track taps // for multiple touches if ( touch.tapCount > tapCount ) tapCount = touch.tapCount; if ( touchPad ) { // For a touchpad, let's just set the position directly based on distance from initial touchdown position.x = Mathf.Clamp( ( touch.position.x - fingerDownPos.x ) / ( touchZone.width / 2 ), -1, 1 ); position.y = Mathf.Clamp( ( touch.position.y - fingerDownPos.y ) / ( touchZone.height / 2 ), -1, 1 ); } else { // Change the location of the joystick graphic to match where the touch is tmprect = gui.pixelInset; tmprect.x = Mathf.Clamp( guiTouchPos.x, guiBoundary.min.x, guiBoundary.max.x ); tmprect.y = Mathf.Clamp( guiTouchPos.y, guiBoundary.min.y, guiBoundary.max.y ); //Check distance float distance = Vector2.Distance(new Vector2(defaultRect.x, defaultRect.y), new Vector2(tmprect.x, tmprect.y)); float angle = Vector2.Angle(new Vector2(defaultRect.x, defaultRect.y), new Vector2(tmprect.x, tmprect.y)); if (distance < allowedDistance) { //Ok gui.pixelInset = tmprect; } else { //This is where I don't know what to do... } } if ( touch.phase == iPhoneTouchPhase.Ended || touch.phase == iPhoneTouchPhase.Canceled ) ResetJoystick(); } } } if ( !touchPad ) { // Get a value between -1 and 1 based on the joystick graphic location position.x = ( gui.pixelInset.x + guiTouchOffset.x - guiCenter.x ) / guiTouchOffset.x; position.y = ( gui.pixelInset.y + guiTouchOffset.y - guiCenter.y ) / guiTouchOffset.y; } // Adjust for dead zone float absoluteX = Mathf.Abs( position.x ); float absoluteY = Mathf.Abs( position.y ); if ( absoluteX < deadZone.x ) { // Report the joystick as being at the center if it is within the dead zone position.x = 0; } else if ( normalize ) { // Rescale the output after taking the dead zone into account position.x = Mathf.Sign( position.x ) * ( absoluteX - deadZone.x ) / ( 1 - deadZone.x ); } if ( absoluteY < deadZone.y ) { // Report the joystick as being at the center if it is within the dead zone position.y = 0; } else if ( normalize ) { // Rescale the output after taking the dead zone into account position.y = Mathf.Sign( position.y ) * ( absoluteY - deadZone.y ) / ( 1 - deadZone.y ); } } } So the later portion of the code handles the updated position of the joystick thumb. This is where I'd like it to track the finger position in a direction it still is allowed to move (like if the finger is too far up and slightly to the +X I'd like to make sure the joystick is as close in X and Y as allowed within the radius) Thanks for reading!

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• *DX11, HLSL* - Colour as 4 floats or one UINT

  - by Paul

  With the DX11 pipeline, would it be much quicker for the vertex buffer to pass one single UINT with one byte per channel to the input assembler, as opposed to three floats? Then the vertex shader would convert the four bytes to four floats, which I guess is the required colour format for the pipeline. In this instance, colour accuracy isn't an issue. The vertex buffer would need to be updated many times per frame, so using a single UINT and saving 12 bytes for every vertex could well be worth it: quicker uploads to vram and also less memory used. But the cost is the extra shader work for every vertex to convert each 8 bits of the input UNIT into a float. Anyone have an idea if it might be worth doing? Or, is it possible for the pipeline to be set to just internally use a four-byte colour format? The swap chain buffer has been initialised as DXGI_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM, so ultimately that's how the colour will be written. Thanks!

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• How to Export Flash Animation Data

  - by charliep

  I'd love for my partner, the artist, to be able to animate using flash movieclips and timelines. Then I, the programmer, would like to read the raw Flash info and re-program it into my engine of choice (which happens to be Torque2D). The data I'd want is the bitmap images that were used in Flash, like the head and body the links between the images, like where the head connects to the body the motion data from the flash animation, like move, rotate (at what speed), shear, etc. for the head or arms or whatever. Is there any way to get this data? Here's what I know so far. There are tools like SWFSheet and Spriteloq that convert the entire flash animation into a frame by frame sprite animation (in a sprite sheet). This would take too much space in my case, so I'd like to avoid that. Re-animating on the fly would take much less texture memory. There is a PDF that describes the SWF file format but NOT the individual components like the movieclips. So anyone know of a library I can use, or how I can learn more about the movieclip components and whatnot? (more better tags: transform, export, convert)

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• Scaling Skeletal values to be able to reach objects on the screen

  - by Sweta Dwivedi

  I have created a game using Kinect + XNA and the game runs on full screen mode.. However when i try to touch or reach a certain area on the screen using hand.. I cant reach it.. I will already be outside the range of the sensor trying to touch the object on the game screen.. Is there anyway I can scale the skeletal values so that the users can easily touch objects on the screen without having to stretch or bend too much?

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• How do I detect multiple sprite collisions when there are >10 sprites?

  - by yao jiang

  I making a small program to animate the astar algorithm. If you look at the image, there are lots of yellow cars moving around. Those can collide at any moment, could be just one or all of them could just stupidly crash into each other. How do I detect all of those collisions? How do I find out which specific car has crash into which other car? I understand that pygame has collision function, but it only detects one collision at a time and I'd have to specify which sprites. Right now I am just trying to iterate through each sprite to see if there is collision: for car1 in carlist: for car2 in carlist: collide(car1, car2); This can't be the proper way to do it, if the car list goes to a huge number, a double loop will be too slow.

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• Arrays for a heightmap tile-based map

  - by JPiolho

  I'm making a game that uses a map which have tiles, corners and borders. Here's a graphical representation: I've managed to store tiles and corners in memory but I'm having troubles to get borders structured. For the tiles, I have a [Map Width * Map Height] sized array. For corners I have [(Map Width + 1) * (Map Height + 1)] sized array. I've already made up the math needed to access corners from a tile, but I can't figure out how to store and access the borders from a single array. Tiles store the type (and other game logic variables) and via the array index I can get the X, Y. Via this tile position it is possible to get the array index of the corners (which store the Z index). The borders will store a game object and accessing corners from only border info would be also required. If someone even has a better way to store these for better memory and performance I would gladly accept that. EDIT: Using in C# and Javascript.

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• How to attach a sprite to a TMXTiledMap at a particular coordinate, in AndEngine?

  - by shailenTJ

  I am trying to add a sprite at a "grid" location on the tiled map. The TMX tiled Map is like a grid, and you can access the size of the grid by calling mTMXtiledMap.getTileRows() and mTMXtiledMap.getTileColumns(). I want to add an object at grid location, say (2, 5). My tileMap is of size (10,10). How can I do that? There is no function like mTMXTiledMap.addChild(int x, int y, Entity mEntity). I would appreciate any suggestions!

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• How do I load a libGDX Skin on Android?

  - by Lukas

  I am pretty desperate searching for a solution to load ui skins into my android app (actually it is not my app, it is a tutorial I'm following). The app always crashes at this part: assets.load("ui/defaultskin/defaultskin.json", Skin.class, new SkinLoader.SkinParameter("ui/defaultskin/defaultskin.atlas")); The files are the ones from the bitowl tutorial: http://bitowl.de/day6/ I guess Gdx.files.internal doesn't work on android, since the app crashed with this, too. Thanks for helping me out, Lukas

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• How can I move a polygon edge 1 unit away from the center?

  - by Stephen

  Let's say I have a polygon class that is represented by a list of vector classes as vertices, like so: var Vector = function(x, y) { this.x = x; this.y = y; }, Polygon = function(vectors) { this.vertices = vectors; }; Now I make a polygon (in this case, a square) like so: var poly = new Polygon([ new Vector(2, 2), new Vector(5, 2), new Vector(5, 5), new Vector(2, 5) ]); So, the top edge would be [poly.vertices[0], poly.vertices[1]]. I need to stretch this polygon by moving each edge away from the center of the polygon by one unit, along that edge's normal. The following example shows the first edge, the top, moved one unit up: The final polygon should look like this new one: var finalPoly = new Polygon([ new Vector(1, 1), new Vector(6, 1), new Vector(6, 6), new Vector(1, 6) ]); It is important that I iterate, moving one edge at a time, because I will be doing some collision tests after moving each edge. Here is what I tried so far (simplified for clarity), which fails triumphantly: for(var i = 0; i < vertices.length; i++) { var a = vertices[i], b = vertices[i + 1] || vertices[0]; // in case of final vertex var ax = a.x, ay = a.y, bx = b.x, by = b.y; // get some new perpendicular vectors var a2 = new Vector(-ay, ax), b2 = new Vector(-by, bx); // make into unit vectors a2.convertToUnitVector(); b2.convertToUnitVector(); // add the new vectors to the original ones a.add(a2); b.add(b2); // the rest of the code, collision tests, etc. } This makes my polygon start slowly rotating and sliding to the left, instead of what I need. Finally, the example shows a square, but the polygons in question could be anything. They will always be convex, and always with vertices in clockwise order.

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• How should we approach publishing our game from India?

  - by Praveen Sharath

  Me and my friends are developing a game using Java for Windows operating system. We have nearly completed our game. As we feel that the game can make money, we wish to sell it. But in India we don't know any game publishing company. We want to know the following if possible. Will game publishers like BigFishGames.com publish our game even though we are not in USA? We are just students in college. Is it required that we can sell only after we start a company? Is it possible to sign contracts if the publisher wishes to publish our game, while the publisher and developer are in different countries? Thank you

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• Creating blur with an alpha channel, incorrect inclusion of black

  - by edA-qa mort-ora-y

  I'm trying to do a blur on a texture with an alpha channel. Using a typical approach (two-pass, gaussian weighting) I end up with a very dark blur. The reason is because the blurring does not properly account for the alpha channel. It happily blurs in the invisible part of the image, whcih happens to be black, and thus results in a very dark blur. Is there a technique to blur that properly accounts for the alpha channel?

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• Sphere-Sphere intersection and Circle-Sphere intersection

  - by cagirici

  I have code for circle-circle intersection. But I need to expand it to 3-D. How do I calculate: Radius and center of the intersection circle of two spheres Points of the intersection of a sphere and a circle? Given two spheres (sc0,sr0) and (sc1,sr1), I need to calculate a circle of intersection whose center is ci and whose radius is ri. Moreover, given a sphere (sc0,sr0) and a circle (cc0, cr0), I need to calulate the two intersection points (pi0, pi1) I have checked this link and this link, but I could not understand the logic behind them and how to code them. I tried ProGAL library for sphere-sphere-sphere intersection, but the resulting coordinates are rounded. I need precise results.

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• What is this JavaScript gibberish?

  - by W3Geek

  I am studying how to make a 2D game with JavaScript by reading open source JavaScript games and I came across this gibberish... aSpriteData = [ "}\"¹-º\"À+º\"À+º\"À+º\"¿¤À ~C_ +º\"À+º\"À+º\"À*P7²OK%¾+½u_\"À<¡a¡a¡bM@±@ª", // 0 ground "a ' ![± 7°³b£[mt<Nµ7z]~¨OR»[f_7l},tl},+}%XN²Sb[bl£[±%Y_¹ !@ $", // 1 qbox "!A % @,[] ±}°@;µn¦&X£ <$ §¤ 8}}@Prc'U#Z'H'@· ¶\"is ¤&08@£(", // 2 mario " ´!A.@H#q8¸»e-½n®@±oW:&X¢a<&bbX~# }LWP41}k¬#3¨q#1f RQ@@:4@$", // 3 mario jump " 40 q$!hWa-½n¦#_Y}a©,0#aaPw@=cmY<mq©GBagaq&@q#0§0t0¤ $", // 4 mario run "+hP_@", // 5 pipe left "¢,6< R¤", // 6 pipe right "@ & ,'+hP?>³®'©}[!»¹.¢_^¥y/pX¸#µ°=a¾½hP?>³®'©}[!»¹.¢_^ Ba a", // 7 pipe top left "@ , !] \"º £] , 8O #7a&+¢ §²!cº 9] P &O ,4 e", // 8 pipe top right " £ #! ,! P!!vawd/XO¤8¼'¤P½»¹²'9¨ \"P²Pa²(!¢5!N*(4´b!Gk(a", // 9 goomba " Xu X5 =ou!¯­¬a[Z¼q.°u#|xv ¸··@=~^H'WOJ!¯­¬a=Nu ²J <J a", // 10 coin // yui "@ & !MX ~L \"y %P *¢ 5a K w !L \"y %P *­a%¬¢ 4 a", // 11 ebox // yui "¢ ,\"²+aN!@ &7 }\"²+aN!XH # }\"²+aN!X% 8}\"²+aN!X%£@ (", // 12 bricks "} %¿¢!N° I¨²*<P%.8\"h,!Cg r¥ H³a4X¢*<P%.H#I¬ :a!u !q", // 13 block makeSpace(20) + "4a }@ }0 N( w$ }\" N! +aa", // 14 bush left " r \"²y!L%aN zPN NyN#²L}[/cy¾ N" + makeSpace(18) + "@", // 15 bush mid makeSpace(18) + "++ !R·a!x6 &+6 87L ¢6 P+ 8+ (", // 16 bush right " %©¦ +pq 7> \"³ s" + makeSpace(25) + "@", // 17 cloud bottom left "a/a_#².Q¥'¥b}8.£¨7!X\"K+5cqs%(" + makeSpace(18) + "0", // 18 cloud bottom mid "bP ¢L P+ 8%a,*a%§@ J" + makeSpace(22) + "(", // 19 cloud bottom right "", // 20 mushroom "", // koopa 16x24 "", // 22 star "", // 23 flagpole "", // 24 flag "", // 25 flagpole top " 6 ~ }a }@ }0 }( }$ }\" }! } a} @} 0} (} $} \"² $", // 26 hill slope "a } \"m %8 *P!MF 5la\"y %P" + makeSpace(18) + "(", // 27 hill mid makeSpace(30) + "%\" t!DK \"q", // 28 hill top "", // 29 castle bricks "", // 30 castle doorway bottom "", // 31 castle doorway top "", // 32 castle top "", // 33 castle top 2 "", // 34 castle window right "", // 35 castle window left "", // 36 castle flag makeSpace(19) + "8@# (9F*RSf.8 A¢$!¢040HD", // 37 goomba flat " *(!¬#q³¡[_´Yp~¡=<¥g=&'PaS²¿ Sbq*<I#*£Ld%Ryd%¼½e8H8bf#0a", // 38 mario dead " = ³ #b 'N¶ Z½Z Z½Z Z½Z Z½Z Z½Z Z½Z =[q ²@ ³ ¶ 0", // 39 coin step 1 " ?@ /q /e '¤ #³ !ºa }@ N0 ?( /e '¤ #³ ¿ _a \"", // 40 coin step 2 " / > ] º !² #¢ %a + > ] º !² #¢ 'a \"", // 41 coin step 3 " 7¢ +² *] %> \"p !Ga t¢ I² 4º *] %> \"p ¡ Oa \"" // 42 coin step 4 ], What does it do? If you want to look at the source file here it is: http://www.nihilogic.dk/labs/mario/mario.js Beware, there is more gibberish inside. I can't seem to make sense of any of it. Thank you.

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• Question about Target parameter of Matrix.CreateLookAt

  - by manning18

  I have a newbie question that's causing me a little bit of confusion when experimenting with cameras and reading other peoples implementations - does this parameter represent a point or a vector? In some examples I've seen people treat it like a specific point they are looking at (eg a position in the world), other times I see people caching the orientation of the camera in a rotation matrix and simply using the Matrix.Forward property as the "target", and other times it's a vector that's the result of targetPos - camPos and also I saw a camPos + orientation.Forward I was also just playing around with hard-coded target positions with same direction eg 1 to 10000 with no discernible difference in what I saw in the scene. Is the "Target" parameter actually a position or a direction (irrespective of magnitude)? Are there any subtle differences in behaviors, common mistakes or gotchas that are associated with what values you provide, or HOW you provide this paramter? Are all the methods I mentioned above equivalent? (sorry, I've only recently started and my math is still catching up)

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