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  • Divide sequence elements into pairs

    - by alex
    I have a sequence of 16 elements: 1,2,3,..., 16 ( or 2*n elements). Sequence elements always goes from 1 to length(sequence) that is sequence of 4 elements is 1,2,3,4. I want to write an algorithm which divide elements into pairs. For Example, 1-15 2-16 3-13 4-9 5-14 6-10 7-11 8-12 PS: no linq please :)

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  • Void* array casting to float, int32, int16, etc.

    - by Griffin
    Hey guys, I've got an array of PCM data, it could be 16 bit, 24 bit packed, 32 bit, etc.. It could be signed, or unsigned, and it could be 32 or 64 bit floating point. It is currently stored as a "void**" matrix, indexed by channel, then by frame. The goal is to allow my library to take in any PCM format and buffer it, without requiring manipulation of the data to fit a designated structure. If the A/D converter spits out 24 bit packed arrays of interleaved PCM, I need to accept it gracefully. I also need to support 16 bit non interleaved, as well as any permutation of the above formats. I know the bit depth and other information at runtime, and I'm trying to code efficiently while not duplicating code. What I need is an effective way to cast the matrix, put PCM data into the matrix, and then pull it out later. I can cast the matrix to int32_t, or int16_t for the 32 and 16 bit signed PCM respectively, I'll probably have to store the 24 bit PCM in an int32_t for 32 bit, 8 bit byte systems as well. Can anyone recommend a good way to put data into this array, and pull it out later? I'd like to avoid large sections of code which look like: switch( mFormat ) { case 1: // unsigned 8 bit for( int i = 0; i < mChannels; i++ ) framesArray = (uint8_t*)pcm[i]; break; case 2: // signed 8 bit for( int i = 0; i < mChannels; i++ ) framesArray = (int8_t*)pcm[i]; break; case 3: // unsigned 16 bit ... Limitations: I'm working in C/C++, no templates, no RTTI, no STL. Think embedded. Things get trickier when I have to port this to a DSP with 16 bit bytes. Does anybody have any useful macros they might be willing to share? Thanks, -Griff

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  • Rowwise iteration of a dictionay object

    - by mono
    I have a dictionary object like: Dictionary<string, HashSet<int>> dict = new Dictionary<string, HashSet<int>>(); dict.Add("foo", new HashSet<int>() { 15,12,16,18}); dict.Add("boo", new HashSet<int>() { 16,47,45,21 }); I have to print in such a way such that result would be as following at each iteration: It1: foo boo //only the key in a row It2: 15 16 It3: 16 47 Can anyone help me to achieve this. Thanks.

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  • Get `n` random values between 2 numbers having average `x`

    - by Somnath Muluk
    I want to get n random numbers(e.g n=16)(whole numbers) between 1 to 5(including both) so that average is x. x can be any value between (1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5, 5). I am using PHP. e.g. Suppose I have average x= 3. Then required 16 whole numbers between 1 to 5(including both). like (1,5,3,3,3,3,2,4,2,4,1,5,1,5,3,3) Update: if x=3.5 means average of 16 numbers should be between 3.5 to 4. and if x=4 means average of 16 numbers should be between 4 to 4.5 and if x=5 means all numbers are 5

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  • calling startActivity() inside of a instance method - causing a NullPointerException

    - by Cole
    Heya - I'm trying to call startActivity() from a class that extends AsyncTask in the onPostExecute(). Here's the flow: Class that extends AsyncTask: protected void onPostExecute() { Login login = new Login(); login.pushCreateNewOrChooseExistingFormActivity(); } Class that extends Activity: public void pushCreateNewOrChooseExistingFormActivity() { // start the CreateNewOrChooseExistingForm Activity Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW); **ERROR_HERE*** intent.setClassName(this, CreateNewOrChooseExistingForm.class.getName()); startActivity(intent); } And I get this error… every time: 03-17 16:04:29.579: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(1503): FATAL EXCEPTION: main 03-17 16:04:29.579: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(1503): java.lang.NullPointerException 03-17 16:04:29.579: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(1503): at android.content.ContextWrapper.getPackageName(ContextWrapper.java:120) 03-17 16:04:29.579: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(1503): at android.content.ComponentName.(ComponentName.java:62) 03-17 16:04:29.579: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(1503): at android.content.Intent.setClassName(Intent.java:4850) 03-17 16:04:29.579: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(1503): at com.att.AppName.Login.pushCreateNewOrChooseExistingFormActivity(Login.java:47) For iOS developers - I'm just trying to push a new view controller on to a navigational controller's stack a la pushViewController:animated:. Which apparently - is hard to do on this platform. Any ideas? Thanks in advance! UPDATE - FIXED: per @Falmarri advice, i managed to resolve this issue. first of all, i'm no longer calling Login login = new Login(); to create a new login object. bad. bad. bad. no cookie. instead, when preparing to call .execute(), this tutorial suggests passing the applicationContext to the class the executes the AsyncTask, for my purposes, as shown below: CallWebServiceTask task = new CallWebServiceTask(); // pass the login object to the task task.applicationContext = login; // execute the task in the background, passing the required params task.execute(login); now, in onPostExecute(), i can get to my Login objects methods like so: ((Login) applicationContext).pushCreateNewOrChooseExistingFormActivity(); ((Login) applicationContext).showLoginFailedAlert(result.get("httpResponseCode").toString()); ... hope this helps someone else out there! especially iOS developers transistioning over to Android...

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  • Are all <canvas> tag dimensions in pixels?

    - by Simon Omega
    Are all tag dimensions in pixels? I am asking because I understood them to be. But my math is broken or I am just not grasping something here. I have been doing python mostly and just jumped back into Java Scripting. If I am just doing something stupid let me know. For a game I am writing, I wanted to have a blocky gradient. I have the following: HTML <canvas id="heir"></canvas> CSS @media screen { body { font-size: 12pt } /* Game Rendering Space */ canvas { width: 640px; height: 480px; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; } } JavaScript (Shortened) function testDraw ( thecontext ) { var myblue = 255; thecontext.save(); // Save All Settings (Before this Function was called) for (var i = 0; i < 480; i = i + 10 ) { if (myblue.toString(16).length == 1) { thecontext.fillStyle = "#00000" + myblue.toString(16); } else { thecontext.fillStyle = "#0000" + myblue.toString(16); } thecontext.fillRect(0, i, 640, 10); myblue = myblue - 2; }; thecontext.restore(); // Restore Settings to Save Point (Removing Styles, etc...) } function main () { var targetcontext = document.getElementById(“main”).getContext("2d"); testDraw(targetcontext); } To me this should produce a series of 640w by 10h pixel bars. In Google Chrome and Fire Fox I get 15 bars. To me that means ( 480 / 15 ) is 32 pixel high bars. So I change the code to: function testDraw ( thecontext ) { var myblue = 255; thecontext.save(); // Save All Settings (Before this Function was called) for (var i = 0; i < 16; i++ ) { if (myblue.toString(16).length == 1) { thecontext.fillStyle = "#00000" + myblue.toString(16); } else { thecontext.fillStyle = "#0000" + myblue.toString(16); } thecontext.fillRect(0, (i * 10), 640, 10); myblue = myblue - 10; }; thecontext.restore(); // Restore Settings to Save Point (Removing Styles, etc...) } And get a true 32 pixel height result for comparison. Other than the fact that the first code snippet has shades of blue rendering in non-visible portions of the they are measuring 32 pixels. Now back to the Original Java Code... If I inspect the tag in Chrome it reports 640 x 480. If I inspect it in Fire Fox it reports 640 x 480. BUT! Fire Fox exports the original code to png at 300 x 150 (which is 15 rows of 10). Is it some how being resized to 640 x 480 by the CSS instead of being set to a true 640 x 480? Why, how, what? O_o I confused...

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  • datetime.datetime.strptime problem

    - by Rahul99
    My input string is '16-MAR-2010 03:37:04' and i want to store it as datetime. I am trying to use: db_inst.HB_Create_Ship_Date = datetime.strptime(fields[7]," %d-%b-%Y %H:%M:%S ") fields[7] = '16-MAR-2010 03:37:04' I am getting an error: ::ValueError: time data '16-MAR-2010 03:37:04' does not match format ' %d-%b-%Y %H:%M:%S ' I am running Python version --EDIT-ME-- on the --EDIT-ME-- operating system. My locale is --EDIT-ME--. Which format do I have to use?

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  • remember passowrd works in ff but not in ie and chrome

    - by jasperdejong
    Hi, It seems that my html login form support remember password in ff but not in ie and chrome. Can anybody tell me why? Here's the code: <form name="login_form" id="login_form" action="" method="POST"> <div class="login_line">name<input name="user_name" id="user_name_id" size="16" maxlength="16" value="" type="text"></div> <div class="login_line">password<input name="password" id="password_id" size="16" maxlength="16" type="password"></div> <div class="login_line">&nbsp;<input class="icon icon_accept" value="login" onclick="javascript:handleFunction('action_login', document.getElementById('user_name_id').value, document.getElementById('password_id').value); return false;" type="submit"></div> </form> <!-- login_form -->

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  • Angular JS pagination after data loaded

    - by Federico Bucchi
    do you have any example of Angular JS elements pagination loaded from I file? I found this example: http://jsfiddle.net/SAWsA/11/ Now, instead of having this: $scope.items = [ {"id":"1","name":"name 1","description":"description 1","field3":"field3 1","field4":"field4 1","field5 ":"field5 1"}, {"id":"2","name":"name 2","description":"description 1","field3":"field3 2","field4":"field4 2","field5 ":"field5 2"}, {"id":"3","name":"name 3","description":"description 1","field3":"field3 3","field4":"field4 3","field5 ":"field5 3"}, {"id":"4","name":"name 4","description":"description 1","field3":"field3 4","field4":"field4 4","field5 ":"field5 4"}, {"id":"5","name":"name 5","description":"description 1","field3":"field3 5","field4":"field4 5","field5 ":"field5 5"}, {"id":"6","name":"name 6","description":"description 1","field3":"field3 6","field4":"field4 6","field5 ":"field5 6"}, {"id":"7","name":"name 7","description":"description 1","field3":"field3 7","field4":"field4 7","field5 ":"field5 7"}, {"id":"8","name":"name 8","description":"description 1","field3":"field3 8","field4":"field4 8","field5 ":"field5 8"}, {"id":"9","name":"name 9","description":"description 1","field3":"field3 9","field4":"field4 9","field5 ":"field5 9"}, {"id":"10","name":"name 10","description":"description 1","field3":"field3 10","field4":"field4 10","field5 ":"field5 10"}, {"id":"11","name":"name 11","description":"description 1","field3":"field3 11","field4":"field4 11","field5 ":"field5 11"}, {"id":"12","name":"name 12","description":"description 1","field3":"field3 12","field4":"field4 12","field5 ":"field5 12"}, {"id":"13","name":"name 13","description":"description 1","field3":"field3 13","field4":"field4 13","field5 ":"field5 13"}, {"id":"14","name":"name 14","description":"description 1","field3":"field3 14","field4":"field4 14","field5 ":"field5 14"}, {"id":"15","name":"name 15","description":"description 1","field3":"field3 15","field4":"field4 15","field5 ":"field5 15"}, {"id":"16","name":"name 16","description":"description 1","field3":"field3 16","field4":"field4 16","field5 ":"field5 16"}, {"id":"17","name":"name 17","description":"description 1","field3":"field3 17","field4":"field4 17","field5 ":"field5 17"}, {"id":"18","name":"name 18","description":"description 1","field3":"field3 18","field4":"field4 18","field5 ":"field5 18"}, {"id":"19","name":"name 19","description":"description 1","field3":"field3 19","field4":"field4 19","field5 ":"field5 19"}, {"id":"20","name":"name 20","description":"description 1","field3":"field3 20","field4":"field4 20","field5 ":"field5 20"} ]; I have to use something generated by: $http.get('/json/mocks/apps/applications.json') .then(function (result) { $scope.items = result.data.applications; }); How would you create the pagination waiting for the data loaded from $http.get?

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  • Why are argument substitutions not replaced during rescanning?

    - by James McNellis
    Consider the following macro definitions and invocation: #define x x[0] #define y(arg) arg y(x) This invocation expands to x[0] (tested on Visual C++ 2010, g++ 4.1, mcpp 2.7.2, and Wave). Why? Specifically, why does it not expand to x[0][0]? During macro replacement, A parameter in the replacement list...is replaced by the corresponding argument after all macros contained therein have been expanded. Before being substituted, each argument’s preprocessing tokens are completely macro replaced (C++03 §16.3.1/1). Evaluating the macro invocation, we take the following steps: The function-like macro y is invoked with x as the argument for its arg parameter The x in the argument is macro-replaced to become x[0] The arg in the replacement list is replaced by the macro-replaced value of the argument, x[0] The replacement list after substitution of all the parameters is x[0]. After all parameters in the replacement list have been substituted, the resulting preprocessing token sequence is rescanned...for more macro names to replace (C++03 §16.3.4/1). If the name of the macro being replaced is found during this scan of the replacement list...it is not replaced. Further, if any nested replacements encounter the name of the macro being replaced, it is not replaced (C++03 §16.3.4/2). The replacement list x[0] is rescanned (note that the name of the macro being replaced is y): x is identified as an object-like macro invocation x is replaced by x[0] Replacement stops at this point because of the rule in §16.3.4/2 preventing recursion. The replacement list after rescanning is x[0][0]. I have clearly misinterpreted something since all of the preprocessors I've tested say I am wrong. In addition, this example is a piece of a larger example in the C++0x FCD (at §16.3.5/5) and it too says that the expected replacement is x[0]. Why is x not replaced during rescanning? C99 and C++0x effectively have the same wording as C++03 in the quoted sections.

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  • Parsing a string in c#

    - by Jay
    Hi, Suppose there is an xml file like below: <Instances> <Bits = "16" XCoord = "64" YCoord = "64" ZCoord = "64" FileType="jpeg" Location="C:\Series1\Image1.jpg" ImageNumber = "1"/> <Bits = "16" XCoord = "64" YCoord = "64" ZCoord = "64" FileType="jpeg" Location="C:\Series1\Image2.jpg" ImageNumber = "2"/> <Bits = "16" XCoord = "64" YCoord = "64" ZCoord = "64" FileType="jpeg" Location="C:\Series1\Image3.jpg" ImageNumber = "3"/> <Bits = "16" XCoord = "64" YCoord = "64" ZCoord = "64" FileType="jpeg" Location="C:\Series1\Image4.jpg" ImageNumber = "4"/> <Bits = "16" XCoord = "64" YCoord = "64" ZCoord = "64" FileType="jpeg" Location="C:\Series1\Image5.jpg" ImageNumber = "5"/> </Instances> This xml file is read as a string and passed on to a function. This xml file has information about a particular image file. I want to extract the location of all the image files from this string. So whatever is value of "location" filed i need to collect all those value. What is the best way to achieve this in C#. Thanks,

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  • log file not generated while accessing a jar having log4j support.

    - by naveen garimella
    I have a x.jar which is being used by some client y.jar. Both x.jar and y.jar are at the same package level. i have put the log4j.xml at the same package level. But the log file is never generated. Can i know why? I have tried few other options as well but no luck till now. i have added log4j-1.2.16.jar to ClassPath: variable in manifest files of both x.jar and y.jar. Put log4j.xml at the class level of y.jar which actually calls the x.jar classes. package structure is as follows: x.jar --manifest.mf has a entry ClassPath:log4j-1.2.16.jar y.jar --manifest.mf has a entry ClassPath:log4j-1.2.16.jar log4j-1.2.16.jar log4j.xml --has a RollingFileAppender. Can any one suggest whether i am missing anything?

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  • Using .align in inline assemby

    - by tech74
    Hi, I'm using ".align 16 \n\t" in some inline ARM assembly that is implementing some loops to align it on a 16 byte boundary however gcc asm compiler is complaining that alignement is too large i want to implement -falign-loops=16 in asm for a particular loop Thanks

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  • How to store matrix information in MySQL?

    - by dedalo
    Hi, I'm working on an application that analizes music similarity. In order to do that I proccess audio data and store the results in txt files. For each audio file I create 2 files, 1 containing and 16 values (each value can be like this:2.7000023942731723) and the other file contains 16 rows, each row containing 16 values like the one previously shown. I'd like to store the contents of these 2 file in a table of my MySQL database. My table looks like: Name varchar(100) Author varchar (100) in order to add the content of those 2 file I think I need to use the BLOB data type: file1 blob file2 blob My question is how should I store this info in the data base? I'm working with Java where I have a double array containing the 16 values (for the file1) and a matrix containing the file2 info. Should I process the values as strings and add them to the columns in my database? Thanks

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  • Preon library problem

    - by Kamahire
    I am using preon lib to parse binary data it contain short, int data The structure as follows @BoundNumber(size="32", byteOrder=ByteOrder.BigEndian) public int time;// @BoundString(size="2") public String alphaChar;// 2 byte array @BoundNumber(size="16", byteOrder=ByteOrder.BigEndian) public int code1;//short @BoundNumber(size="16", byteOrder=ByteOrder.BigEndian) public int code2;//short @BoundNumber(size="16", byteOrder=ByteOrder.BigEndian) public int code3;//short @BoundString(size="8") public String firstName;// 8 byte array @BoundString(size="8") public String middleName;// 8 byte array @BoundString(size="8") public String lastName;// 8 byte array @BoundNumber(size="16", byteOrder=ByteOrder.BigEndian) public int code4;//short I am getting correct values for code1, code2, code3 but for code4 it not giving me correct value. It always gives me 0(Zero); When I checked with position of byte array; it shows me correct value. Is there any kind padding require?

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  • mysql select help

    - by user344766
    Hi I have a table that looks like this id : productid : featureid and would have the following data: (1, 1, 16) (2, 1, 21) (3, 1, 25) (4, 2, 16) (5, 2, 21) (6, 2, 27) where featureid is a foreign key to another table. I need to select products that have both featureids of 16 and 25, in which case productid 1 but not productid 2 Can someone show me an example of how to format this query.

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  • Opening Skype, Opera, OpenOffice logs me off

    - by anjanesh
    Whats common among Skype, Opera, OpenOffice in Ubuntu ? Whenever I open these applications I get logged off and shows back me the login screen. This started happening since the 10.10 upgrade. Forgot to mention : Yes, its x64.Each time I open these applications, the UI shows and then crashes. I started each app & logged the last few lines of /var/log/syslog after each crash. Looks like something to do with sound drivers ? Opera :Jan 8 09:33:20 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11532]: pid.c: Daemon already running. Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: snd_pcm_avail_delay() returned strange values: delay 0 is less than avail 8. Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: Most likely this is a bug in the ALSA driver 'snd_hda_intel'. Please report this issue to the ALSA developers. Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: snd_pcm_dump(): Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: Soft volume PCM Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: Control: PCM Playback Volume Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: min_dB: -51 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: max_dB: 0 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: resolution: 256 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: Its setup is: Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: stream : CAPTURE Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: access : MMAP_INTERLEAVED Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: format : S16_LE Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: subformat : STD Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: channels : 2 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: rate : 44100 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: exact rate : 44100 (44100/1) Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: msbits : 16 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: buffer_size : 88192 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: period_size : 44096 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: period_time : 999909 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: tstamp_mode : ENABLE Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: period_step : 1 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: avail_min : 87310 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: period_event : 0 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: start_threshold : -1 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: stop_threshold : 6205960286516543488 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: silence_threshold: 0 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: silence_size : 0 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: boundary : 6205960286516543488 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: Slave: Hardware PCM card 0 'HDA Intel' device 0 subdevice 0 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: Its setup is: Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: stream : CAPTURE Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: access : MMAP_INTERLEAVED Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: format : S16_LE Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: subformat : STD Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: channels : 2 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: rate : 44100 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: exact rate : 44100 (44100/1) Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: msbits : 16 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: buffer_size : 88192 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: period_size : 44096 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: period_time : 999909 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: tstamp_mode : ENABLE Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: period_step : 1 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: avail_min : 87310 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: period_event : 0 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: start_threshold : -1 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: stop_threshold : 6205960286516543488 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: silence_threshold: 0 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: silence_size : 0 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: boundary : 6205960286516543488 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: appl_ptr : 87320 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: hw_ptr : 87320 Jan 8 09:33:22 al-ubuntu kernel: [ 4962.078306] opera[11036]: segfault at 261 ip 0000000000000261 sp 00007fffed7cd9a8 error 14 in opera[400000+122b000] anjanesh@al-ubuntu:~$ SkypeJan 8 09:40:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12602]: pid.c: Daemon already running. Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: snd_pcm_avail_delay() returned strange values: delay 0 is less than avail 8. Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: Most likely this is a bug in the ALSA driver 'snd_hda_intel'. Please report this issue to the ALSA developers. Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: snd_pcm_dump(): Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: Soft volume PCM Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: Control: PCM Playback Volume Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: min_dB: -51 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: max_dB: 0 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: resolution: 256 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: Its setup is: Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: stream : CAPTURE Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: access : MMAP_INTERLEAVED Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: format : S16_LE Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: subformat : STD Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: channels : 2 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: rate : 44100 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: exact rate : 44100 (44100/1) Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: msbits : 16 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: buffer_size : 88192 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: period_size : 44096 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: period_time : 999909 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: tstamp_mode : ENABLE Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: period_step : 1 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: avail_min : 87310 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: period_event : 0 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: start_threshold : -1 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: stop_threshold : 6205960286516543488 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: silence_threshold: 0 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: silence_size : 0 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: boundary : 6205960286516543488 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: Slave: Hardware PCM card 0 'HDA Intel' device 0 subdevice 0 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: Its setup is: Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: stream : CAPTURE Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: access : MMAP_INTERLEAVED Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: format : S16_LE Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: subformat : STD Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: channels : 2 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: rate : 44100 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: exact rate : 44100 (44100/1) Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: msbits : 16 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: buffer_size : 88192 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: period_size : 44096 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: period_time : 999909 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: tstamp_mode : ENABLE Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: period_step : 1 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: avail_min : 87310 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: period_event : 0 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: start_threshold : -1 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: stop_threshold : 6205960286516543488 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: silence_threshold: 0 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: silence_size : 0 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: boundary : 6205960286516543488 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: appl_ptr : 87312 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: hw_ptr : 87312 anjanesh@al-ubuntu:~$ Open OfficeJan 8 09:43:46 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13157]: pid.c: Daemon already running. Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: snd_pcm_avail_delay() returned strange values: delay 0 is less than avail 16. Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: Most likely this is a bug in the ALSA driver 'snd_hda_intel'. Please report this issue to the ALSA developers. Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: snd_pcm_dump(): Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: Soft volume PCM Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: Control: PCM Playback Volume Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: min_dB: -51 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: max_dB: 0 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: resolution: 256 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: Its setup is: Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: stream : CAPTURE Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: access : MMAP_INTERLEAVED Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: format : S16_LE Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: subformat : STD Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: channels : 2 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: rate : 44100 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: exact rate : 44100 (44100/1) Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: msbits : 16 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: buffer_size : 88192 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: period_size : 44096 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: period_time : 999909 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: tstamp_mode : ENABLE Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: period_step : 1 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: avail_min : 87310 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: period_event : 0 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: start_threshold : -1 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: stop_threshold : 6205960286516543488 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: silence_threshold: 0 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: silence_size : 0 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: boundary : 6205960286516543488 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: Slave: Hardware PCM card 0 'HDA Intel' device 0 subdevice 0 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: Its setup is: Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: stream : CAPTURE Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: access : MMAP_INTERLEAVED Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: format : S16_LE Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: subformat : STD Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: channels : 2 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: rate : 44100 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: exact rate : 44100 (44100/1) Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: msbits : 16 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: buffer_size : 88192 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: period_size : 44096 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: period_time : 999909 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: tstamp_mode : ENABLE Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: period_step : 1 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: avail_min : 87310 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: period_event : 0 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: start_threshold : -1 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: stop_threshold : 6205960286516543488 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: silence_threshold: 0 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: silence_size : 0 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: boundary : 6205960286516543488 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: appl_ptr : 87320 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: hw_ptr : 87320 anjanesh@al-ubuntu:~$

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  • Drivers for NVIDIA 520M not working in Ubuntu 12.04

    - by Don
    I am aware that this is nominally a duplicate question, however I've read the other questions and haven't been able to resolve my problem after many hours and attempts, so please don't delete it. Additionally, it seems like many answers to the other questions are specifically dependent on certain situations. My situation being different from the others I found represented, here's my question. Until last night, I had Ubuntu 12.04 installed with Wubi, and it ran ok, though slowly and with occasional hangs. So I partitioned the drive and installed 12.04 in its own partition. Now when I start it, I am stuck using 2D. I believe this is an NVIDIA bug. My NVIDIA card is a GT 520M and my machine has Optimus. Additional Drivers only displays my wireless driver. Going to System Settings Details Graphics shows Driver:Unknown, Experience:Standard. I downloaded the driver from the NVIDIA website, and ran the installer with no errors, except that the "distribution-provided pre-install script failed". After rebooting, my screen was stuck at 640X480, which was fixed by editing /etc/X11/xorg.conf However, I still was stuck in 2D, and nothing else had changed either. A thread suggested something called Bumblebee. I tried that, and when I ran optirun firefoxI got a frozen blank screen. Following another suggestion, I checked the BIOS to try and disable Optimus. I found and ran myriad other commands to try and fix the problem and nothing changed. Now I have just done a clean re-install of Ubuntu. From there, I: Installed all the updates Downloaded the NVIDIA driver Installed it Got screen stuck at 640X480, fixed in xorg.conf. To recap the problem: I can't get the NVIDIA drivers working I am stuck using 2D I'm an idiot I think if the first one is solved, the solution to the second will naturally follow. If you need me to provide any other information, I'd be happy to. From what I've seen in other threads, I think this information may help: lsmod: dh@donsMachine:~$ lsmod Module Size Used by nvidia 12353161 0 snd_hda_codec_hdmi 32474 1 snd_hda_codec_realtek 223867 1 joydev 17693 0 parport_pc 32866 0 ppdev 17113 0 rfcomm 47604 0 bnep 18281 2 bluetooth 180104 10 rfcomm,bnep snd_hda_intel 33773 3 snd_hda_codec 127706 3 snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_codec_realtek,snd_hda_intel snd_hwdep 13668 1 snd_hda_codec snd_pcm 97188 3 snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec uvcvideo 72627 0 videodev 98259 1 uvcvideo v4l2_compat_ioctl32 17128 1 videodev snd_seq_midi 13324 0 snd_rawmidi 30748 1 snd_seq_midi snd_seq_midi_event 14899 1 snd_seq_midi snd_seq 61896 2 snd_seq_midi,snd_seq_midi_event lib80211_crypt_tkip 17390 0 wl 2568210 0 lib80211 14381 2 lib80211_crypt_tkip,wl snd_timer 29990 2 snd_pcm,snd_seq snd_seq_device 14540 3 snd_seq_midi,snd_rawmidi,snd_seq snd 78855 16 snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_codec_realtek,snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec,snd_hwdep,snd_pcm,snd_rawmidi,snd_seq,snd_timer,snd_seq_device psmouse 87692 0 serio_raw 13211 0 i915 468745 2 soundcore 15091 1 snd snd_page_alloc 18529 2 snd_hda_intel,snd_pcm drm_kms_helper 46978 1 i915 drm 242038 3 i915,drm_kms_helper mei 41616 0 i2c_algo_bit 13423 1 i915 mxm_wmi 12979 0 acer_wmi 28418 0 sparse_keymap 13890 1 acer_wmi video 19596 1 i915 wmi 19256 2 mxm_wmi,acer_wmi mac_hid 13253 0 lp 17799 0 parport 46562 3 parport_pc,ppdev,lp tg3 152032 0 sdhci_pci 18826 0 sdhci 33205 1 sdhci_pci lspci -nn | grep VGA dh@donsMachine:~$ lspci -nn | grep VGA 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: Intel Corporation 2nd Generation Core Processor Family Integrated Graphics Controller [8086:0116] (rev 09) 01:00.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: NVIDIA Corporation Device [10de:0df7] (rev a1) lshw dh@donsMachine:~$ sudo lshw [sudo] password for dh: donsmachine description: Notebook product: EasyNote TS44HR () vendor: Packard Bell version: V1.12 serial: LXBWZ02017134209D71601 width: 64 bits capabilities: smbios-2.7 dmi-2.7 vsyscall32 configuration: boot=normal chassis=notebook uuid=16FE576B-CA15-11E0-B096-B870F4E51243 *-core description: Motherboard product: SJV50_HR vendor: Packard Bell physical id: 0 version: Base Board Version serial: Base Board Serial Number slot: Base Board Chassis Location *-firmware description: BIOS vendor: Packard Bell physical id: 0 version: V1.12 date: 07/11/2011 size: 1MiB capacity: 2496KiB capabilities: pci upgrade shadowing cdboot bootselect edd int13floppynec int13floppytoshiba int13floppy360 int13floppy1200 int13floppy720 int13floppy2880 int9keyboard int10video acpi usb biosbootspecification *-memory description: System Memory physical id: 1b slot: System board or motherboard size: 4GiB *-bank:0 description: SODIMM DDR3 Synchronous 1333 MHz (0.8 ns) product: NT2GC64B88B0NS-CG vendor: Nanya Technology physical id: 0 serial: 598E126E slot: ChannelA-DIMM0 size: 2GiB width: 64 bits clock: 1333MHz (0.8ns) *-bank:1 description: DIMM [empty] physical id: 1 slot: ChannelA-DIMM1 *-bank:2 description: SODIMM DDR3 Synchronous 1333 MHz (0.8 ns) product: NT2GC64B88B0NS-CG vendor: Nanya Technology physical id: 2 serial: 159E126C slot: ChannelB-DIMM0 size: 2GiB width: 64 bits clock: 1333MHz (0.8ns) *-bank:3 description: DIMM [empty] physical id: 3 slot: ChannelB-DIMM1 *-cpu description: CPU product: Intel(R) Core(TM) i3-2330M CPU @ 2.20GHz vendor: Intel Corp. physical id: 2e bus info: cpu@0 version: Intel(R) Core(TM) i3-2330M CPU @ 2.20GHz slot: CPU1 size: 2GHz capacity: 4GHz width: 64 bits clock: 1333MHz capabilities: x86-64 fpu fpu_exception wp vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx rdtscp constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc aperfmperf pni pclmulqdq dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic popcnt tsc_deadline_timer xsave avx lahf_lm arat epb xsaveopt pln pts tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid cpufreq configuration: cores=2 enabledcores=2 threads=4 *-cache:0 description: L1 cache physical id: 30 slot: L1 Cache size: 32KiB capacity: 32KiB capabilities: synchronous internal write-through instruction *-cache:1 description: L2 cache physical id: 31 slot: L2 Cache size: 256KiB capacity: 256KiB capabilities: synchronous internal write-through unified *-cache:2 description: L3 cache physical id: 32 slot: L3 Cache size: 3MiB capacity: 3MiB capabilities: synchronous internal write-through unified *-cache description: L1 cache physical id: 2f slot: L1 Cache size: 32KiB capacity: 32KiB capabilities: synchronous internal write-through data *-pci description: Host bridge product: 2nd Generation Core Processor Family DRAM Controller vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 100 bus info: pci@0000:00:00.0 version: 09 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz configuration: driver=agpgart-intel resources: irq:0 *-pci:0 description: PCI bridge product: Xeon E3-1200/2nd Generation Core Processor Family PCI Express Root Port vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1 bus info: pci@0000:00:01.0 version: 09 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pci pm msi pciexpress normal_decode bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=pcieport resources: irq:40 ioport:2000(size=4096) memory:d0000000-d10fffff ioport:a0000000(size=301989888) *-display description: VGA compatible controller product: NVIDIA Corporation vendor: NVIDIA Corporation physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:01:00.0 version: a1 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress vga_controller bus_master cap_list rom configuration: driver=nvidia latency=0 resources: irq:16 memory:d0000000-d0ffffff memory:a0000000-afffffff memory:b0000000-b1ffffff ioport:2000(size=128) memory:d1000000-d107ffff *-display description: VGA compatible controller product: 2nd Generation Core Processor Family Integrated Graphics Controller vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 2 bus info: pci@0000:00:02.0 version: 09 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: msi pm vga_controller bus_master cap_list rom configuration: driver=i915 latency=0 resources: irq:43 memory:d1400000-d17fffff memory:c0000000-cfffffff ioport:3000(size=64) *-communication description: Communication controller product: 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family MEI Controller #1 vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 16 bus info: pci@0000:00:16.0 version: 04 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=mei latency=0 resources: irq:42 memory:d1a04000-d1a0400f *-usb:0 description: USB controller product: 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family USB Enhanced Host Controller #2 vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1a bus info: pci@0000:00:1a.0 version: 04 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm debug ehci bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=ehci_hcd latency=0 resources: irq:16 memory:d1a0a000-d1a0a3ff *-multimedia description: Audio device product: 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family High Definition Audio Controller vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1b bus info: pci@0000:00:1b.0 version: 04 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=snd_hda_intel latency=0 resources: irq:44 memory:d1a00000-d1a03fff *-pci:1 description: PCI bridge product: 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 1 vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1c bus info: pci@0000:00:1c.0 version: b4 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pci pciexpress msi pm normal_decode bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=pcieport resources: irq:17 memory:9fb00000-9fbfffff ioport:d1800000(size=1048576) *-network description: Ethernet interface product: NetLink BCM57785 Gigabit Ethernet PCIe vendor: Broadcom Corporation physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:02:00.0 logical name: eth0 version: 10 serial: b8:70:f4:e5:12:43 capacity: 1Gbit/s width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi msix pciexpress bus_master cap_list rom ethernet physical tp 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd 1000bt 1000bt-fd autonegotiation configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=tg3 driverversion=3.121 firmware=sb latency=0 link=no multicast=yes port=twisted pair resources: irq:16 memory:d1830000-d183ffff memory:d1840000-d184ffff memory:d1850000-d18507ff *-generic:0 description: SD Host controller product: NetXtreme BCM57765 Memory Card Reader vendor: Broadcom Corporation physical id: 0.1 bus info: pci@0000:02:00.1 version: 10 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=sdhci-pci latency=0 resources: irq:17 memory:d1800000-d180ffff *-generic:1 UNCLAIMED description: System peripheral product: Broadcom Corporation vendor: Broadcom Corporation physical id: 0.2 bus info: pci@0000:02:00.2 version: 10 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list configuration: latency=0 resources: memory:d1810000-d181ffff *-generic:2 UNCLAIMED description: System peripheral product: Broadcom Corporation vendor: Broadcom Corporation physical id: 0.3 bus info: pci@0000:02:00.3 version: 10 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list configuration: latency=0 resources: memory:d1820000-d182ffff *-pci:2 description: PCI bridge product: 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 2 vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1c.1 bus info: pci@0000:00:1c.1 version: b4 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pci pciexpress msi pm normal_decode bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=pcieport resources: irq:16 memory:d1900000-d19fffff *-network description: Wireless interface product: BCM43225 802.11b/g/n vendor: Broadcom Corporation physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:03:00.0 logical name: eth1 version: 01 serial: 68:a3:c4:44:81:96 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list ethernet physical wireless configuration: broadcast=yes driver=wl0 driverversion=5.100.82.38 ip=192.168.0.12 latency=0 multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11bgn resources: irq:17 memory:d1900000-d1903fff *-usb:1 description: USB controller product: 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family USB Enhanced Host Controller #1 vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1d bus info: pci@0000:00:1d.0 version: 04 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm debug ehci bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=ehci_hcd latency=0 resources: irq:23 memory:d1a09000-d1a093ff *-isa description: ISA bridge product: HM65 Express Chipset Family LPC Controller vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1f bus info: pci@0000:00:1f.0 version: 04 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: isa bus_master cap_list configuration: latency=0 *-storage description: SATA controller product: 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family 6 port SATA AHCI Controller vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1f.2 bus info: pci@0000:00:1f.2 logical name: scsi0 logical name: scsi1 version: 04 width: 32 bits clock: 66MHz capabilities: storage msi pm ahci_1.0 bus_master cap_list emulated configuration: driver=ahci latency=0 resources: irq:41 ioport:3098(size=8) ioport:30bc(size=4) ioport:3090(size=8) ioport:30b8(size=4) ioport:3060(size=32) memory:d1a08000-d1a087ff *-disk description: ATA Disk product: ST9500325AS vendor: Seagate physical id: 0 bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0 logical name: /dev/sda version: 0001 serial: S2W1AMSX size: 465GiB (500GB) capabilities: partitioned partitioned:dos configuration: ansiversion=5 signature=a45f21e9 *-volume:0 description: Windows NTFS volume physical id: 1 bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0,1 logical name: /dev/sda1 version: 3.1 serial: 46aa-2a25 size: 19GiB capacity: 20GiB capabilities: primary ntfs initialized configuration: clustersize=4096 created=2011-08-25 21:32:00 filesystem=ntfs label=PQSERVICE state=clean *-volume:1 description: Windows NTFS volume physical id: 2 bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0,2 logical name: /dev/sda2 version: 3.1 serial: 10aa-ad1a size: 98MiB capacity: 100MiB capabilities: primary bootable ntfs initialized configuration: clustersize=4096 created=2011-08-25 21:32:03 filesystem=ntfs label=SYSTEM RESERVED state=clean *-volume:2 description: Windows NTFS volume physical id: 3 bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0,3 logical name: /dev/sda3 version: 3.1 serial: 668c5afc-182e-ff4b-b084-3cc09f54972d size: 395GiB capacity: 395GiB capabilities: primary ntfs initialized configuration: clustersize=4096 created=2011-08-25 21:32:03 filesystem=ntfs label=Don's Machine state=clean *-volume:3 description: Extended partition physical id: 4 bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0,4 logical name: /dev/sda4 size: 49GiB capacity: 49GiB capabilities: primary extended partitioned partitioned:extended *-logicalvolume:0 description: Linux swap / Solaris partition physical id: 5 logical name: /dev/sda5 capacity: 3945MiB capabilities: nofs *-logicalvolume:1 description: Linux filesystem partition physical id: 6 logical name: /dev/sda6 logical name: / capacity: 46GiB configuration: mount.fstype=ext4 mount.options=rw,relatime,errors=remount-ro,user_xattr,barrier=1,data=ordered state=mounted *-cdrom description: DVD-RAM writer product: DVD-RW DVRTD11RS vendor: PIONEER physical id: 1 bus info: scsi@1:0.0.0 logical name: /dev/cdrom logical name: /dev/cdrw logical name: /dev/dvd logical name: /dev/dvdrw logical name: /dev/sr0 version: 1.01 capabilities: removable audio cd-r cd-rw dvd dvd-r dvd-ram configuration: ansiversion=5 status=nodisc *-serial UNCLAIMED description: SMBus product: 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family SMBus Controller vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1f.3 bus info: pci@0000:00:1f.3 version: 04 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz configuration: latency=0 resources: memory:d1a06000-d1a060ff ioport:3040(size=32) *-power UNCLAIMED description: OEM_Define1 product: OEM_Define5 vendor: OEM_Define2 physical id: 1 version: OEM_Define6 serial: OEM_Define3 capacity: 75mWh *-battery description: Lithium Ion Battery product: CRB Battery 0 vendor: -Virtual Battery 0- physical id: 2 version: 10/12/2007 serial: Battery 0 slot: Fake

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  • how this scaling down for css code is worked?

    - by harris
    this is a code for scaling down for css. i was wondering, how this worked. please someone explain to me part by part. thank you very much. /* ======================================================================== / / Copyright (C) 2000 - 2009 ND-Tech. Co., Ltd. / / All Rights Reserved. / / ======================================================================== / / Project : ScaleDown Created : 31-AUG-2009 / / File : main.c Contact : [email protected] / / ======================================================================== / / You are free to use or modify this code to the following restrictions: / / Acknowledge ND Tech. Co. Ltd. / / Or, put "Parts of code by ND Tech. Co., Ltd." / / Or, leave this header as it is. / / in somewhere in your code. / / ======================================================================== */ include "vm3224k.h" define CE0CTL *(volatile int *)(0x01800008) define CE2CTL *(volatile int *)(0x01800010) define SDCTL *(volatile int *)(0x01800018) define LED *(volatile short *)(0x90080000) // Definitions for async access(change as you wish) define WSU (2<<28) // Write Setup : 0-15 define WST (8<<22) // Write Strobe: 0-63 define WHD (2<<20) // Write Hold : 0-3 define RSU (2<<16) // Read Setup : 0-15 define TA (3<<14) // Turn Around : 0-3 define RST (8<<8) // Read Strobe : 0-63 define RHD (2<<0) // Read Hold : 0-3 define MTYPE (2<<4) /* EDMA Registers */ define PaRAM_OPT 0 // Options define PaRAM_SRC 1 // Source Address define PaRAM_CNT 2 // Frame count, Element count define PaRAM_DST 3 // Destination Address define PaRAM_IDX 4 // Frame index, Element index define PaRAM_RDL 5 // Element count reload, Link address define EDMA_CIPR *(volatile int *)0x01A0FFE4 // EDMA Channel interrupt pending low register define EDMA_CIER *(volatile int *)0x01A0FFE8 // EDMA Channel interrupt enable low register define EDMA_CCER *(volatile int *)0x01A0FFEC // EDMA Channel chain enable register define EDMA_ER *(volatile int *)0x01A0FFF0 // EDMA Event low register define EDMA_EER *(volatile int *)0x01A0FFF4 // EDMA Event enable low register define EDMA_ECR *(volatile int *)0x01A0FFF8 // EDMA Event clear low register define EDMA_ESR *(volatile int *)0x01A0FFFC // EDMA Event set low register define PRI (2<<29) // 1:High priority, 2:Low priority define ESIZE (1<<27) // 0:32bit, 1:16bit, 2:8bit, 3:reserved define DS2 (0<<26) // 1:2-Dimensional define SUM (0<<24) // 0:no update, 1:increment, 2:decrement, 3:by index define DD2 (0<<23) // 1:2-Dimensional define DUM (0<<21) // 0:no update, 1:increment, 2:decrement, 3:by index define TCINT (1<<20) // 0:disable, 1:enable define TCC (8<<16) // 4 bit code define LINK (0<<1) // 0:disable, 1:enable define FS (1<<0) // 0:element, 1:frame define OptionField_0 (PRI|ESIZE|DS2|SUM|DD2|DUM|TCINT|TCC|LINK|FS) define DD2_1 (1<<23) // 1:2-Dimensional define DUM_1 (1<<21) // 0:no update, 1:increment, 2:decrement, 3:by index define TCC_1 (9<<16) // 4 bit code define OptionField_1 (PRI|ESIZE|DS2|SUM|DD2_1|DUM_1|TCINT|TCC_1|LINK|FS) define TCC_2 (10<<16)// 4 bit code define OptionField_2 (PRI|ESIZE|DS2|SUM|DD2|DUM|TCINT|TCC_2|LINK|FS) define DS2_3 (1<<26) // 1:2-Dimensional define SUM_3 (1<<24) // 0:no update, 1:increment, 2:decrement, 3:by index define TCC_3 (11<<16)// 4 bit code define OptionField_3 (PRI|ESIZE|DS2_3|SUM_3|DD2|DUM|TCINT|TCC_3|LINK|FS) pragma DATA_SECTION ( lcd,".sdram" ) pragma DATA_SECTION ( cam,".sdram" ) pragma DATA_SECTION ( rgb,".sdram" ) pragma DATA_SECTION ( u,".sdram" ) extern cregister volatile unsigned int IER; extern cregister volatile unsigned int CSR; short camcode = 0x08000; short lcdcode = 0x00000; short lcd[2][240][320]; short cam[2][240][320]; short rgb[64][32][32]; short bufsel; int *Cevent,*Levent,*CLink,flag=1; unsigned char v[240][160],out_y[120][160]; unsigned char y[240][320],out_u[120][80]; unsigned char u[240][160],out_v[120][80]; void PLL6713() { int i; // CPU Clock Input : 50MHz *(volatile int *)(0x01b7c100) = *(volatile int *)(0x01b7c100) & 0xfffffffe; for(i=0;i<4;i++); *(volatile int *)(0x01b7c100) = *(volatile int *)(0x01b7c100) | 0x08; *(volatile int *)(0x01b7c114) = 0x08001; // 50MHz/2 = 25MHz *(volatile int *)(0x01b7c110) = 0x0c; // 25MHz * 12 = 300MHz *(volatile int *)(0x01b7c118) = 0x08000; // SYSCLK1 = 300MHz/1 = 300MHz *(volatile int *)(0x01b7c11c) = 0x08001; // SYSCLK2 = 300MHz/2 = 150MHz // Peripheral Clock *(volatile int *)(0x01b7c120) = 0x08003; // SYSCLK3 = 300MHz/4 = 75MHz // SDRAM Clock for(i=0;i<4;i++); *(volatile int *)(0x01b7c100) = *(volatile int *)(0x01b7c100) & 0xfffffff7; for(i=0;i<4;i++); *(volatile int *)(0x01b7c100) = *(volatile int *)(0x01b7c100) | 0x01; } unsigned short ybr_565(short y,short u,short v) { int r,g,b; b = y + 1772*(u-128)/1000; if (b<0) b=0; if (b>255) b=255; g = y - (344*(u-128) + 714*(v-128))/1000; if (g<0) g=0; if (g>255) g=255; r = y + 1402*(v-128)/1000; if (r<0) r=0; if (r>255) r=255; return ((r&0x0f8)<<8)|((g&0x0fc)<<3)|((b&0x0f8)>>3); } void yuyv2yuv(char *yuyv,char *y,char *u,char *v) { int i,j,dy,dy1,dy2,s; for (j=s=dy=dy1=dy2=0;j<240;j++) { for (i=0;i<320;i+=2) { u[dy1++] = yuyv[s++]; y[dy++] = yuyv[s++]; v[dy2++] = yuyv[s++]; y[dy++] = yuyv[s++]; } } } interrupt void c_int06(void) { if(EDMA_CIPR&0x800){ EDMA_CIPR = 0xffff; bufsel=(++bufsel&0x01); Cevent[PaRAM_DST] = (int)cam[(bufsel+1)&0x01]; Levent[PaRAM_SRC] = (int)lcd[(bufsel+1)&0x01]; EDMA_ESR = 0x80; flag=1; } } void main() { int i,j,k,y0,y1,v0,u0; bufsel = 0; CSR &= (~0x1); PLL6713(); // Initialize C6713 PLL CE0CTL = 0xffffbf33;// SDRAM Space CE2CTL = (WSU|WST|WHD|RSU|RST|RHD|MTYPE); SDCTL = 0x57115000; vm3224init(); // Initialize vm3224k2 vm3224rate(1); // Set frame rate vm3224bl(15); // Set backlight VM3224CNTL = VM3224CNTL&0xffff | 0x2; // vm3224 interrupt enable for (k=0;k<64;k++) // Create RGB565 lookup table for (i=0;i<32;i++) for (j=0;j<32;j++) rgb[k][i][j] = ybr_565(k<<2,i<<3,j<<3); Cevent = (int *)(0x01a00000 + 24 * 7); Cevent[PaRAM_OPT] = OptionField_0; Cevent[PaRAM_SRC] = (int)&camcode; Cevent[PaRAM_CNT] = 1; Cevent[PaRAM_DST] = (int)&VM3224ADDH; Cevent = (int *)(0x01a00000 + 24 * 8); Cevent[PaRAM_OPT] = OptionField_1; Cevent[PaRAM_SRC] = (int)&VM3224DATA; Cevent[PaRAM_CNT] = (239<<16)|320; Cevent[PaRAM_DST] = (int)cam[bufsel]; Cevent[PaRAM_IDX] = 0; Levent = (int *)(0x01a00000 + 24 * 9); Levent[PaRAM_OPT] = OptionField_2; Levent[PaRAM_SRC] = (int)&lcdcode; Levent[PaRAM_CNT] = 1; Levent[PaRAM_DST] = (int)&VM3224ADDH; Levent = (int *)(0x01a00000 + 24 * 10); Levent[PaRAM_OPT] = OptionField_3; Levent[PaRAM_SRC] = (int)lcd[bufsel]; Levent[PaRAM_CNT] = (239<<16)|320; Levent[PaRAM_DST] = (int)&VM3224DATA; Levent[PaRAM_IDX] = 0; IER = IER | (1<<6)|3; CSR = CSR | 0x1; EDMA_CCER = (1<<8)|(1<<9)|(1<<10); EDMA_CIER = (1<<11); EDMA_CIPR = 0xffff; EDMA_ESR = 0x80; while (1) { if(flag) { // LED = 0; yuyv2yuv((char *)cam[bufsel],(char *)y,(char *)u,(char *)v); for(j=0;j<240;j++) for(i=0;i<320;i++) lcd[bufsel][j][i]=0; for(j=0;j<240;j+=2) for(i=0;i<320;i+=2) out_y[j>>1][i>>1]=(y[j][i]+y[j][i+1]+y[j+1][i]+y[j+1][i+1])>>2; for(j=0;j<240;j+=2) for(i=0;i<160;i+=2) { out_u[j>>1][i>>1]=(u[j][i]+u[j][i+1]+u[j+1][i]+u[j+1][i+1])>>2; out_v[j>>1][i>>1]=(v[j][i]+v[j][i+1]+v[j+1][i]+v[j+1][i+1])>>2; } for (j=0;j<120;j++) for (i=0;i<160;i+=2) { y0 = out_y[j][i]>>2; u0 = out_u[j][i>>1]>>3; v0 = out_v[j][i>>1]>>3; y1 = out_y[j][i+1]>>2; lcd[bufsel][j+60][i+80]=rgb[y0][u0][v0]; lcd[bufsel][j+60][i+81]=rgb[y1][u0][v0]; } flag=0; // LED = 1; } } }

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  • Service Discovery in WCF 4.0 &ndash; Part 1

    - by Shaun
    When designing a service oriented architecture (SOA) system, there will be a lot of services with many service contracts, endpoints and behaviors. Besides the client calling the service, in a large distributed system a service may invoke other services. In this case, one service might need to know the endpoints it invokes. This might not be a problem in a small system. But when you have more than 10 services this might be a problem. For example in my current product, there are around 10 services, such as the user authentication service, UI integration service, location service, license service, device monitor service, event monitor service, schedule job service, accounting service, player management service, etc..   Benefit of Discovery Service Since almost all my services need to invoke at least one other service. This would be a difficult task to make sure all services endpoints are configured correctly in every service. And furthermore, it would be a nightmare when a service changed its endpoint at runtime. Hence, we need a discovery service to remove the dependency (configuration dependency). A discovery service plays as a service dictionary which stores the relationship between the contracts and the endpoints for every service. By using the discovery service, when service X wants to invoke service Y, it just need to ask the discovery service where is service Y, then the discovery service will return all proper endpoints of service Y, then service X can use the endpoint to send the request to service Y. And when some services changed their endpoint address, all need to do is to update its records in the discovery service then all others will know its new endpoint. In WCF 4.0 Discovery it supports both managed proxy discovery mode and ad-hoc discovery mode. In ad-hoc mode there is no standalone discovery service. When a client wanted to invoke a service, it will broadcast an message (normally in UDP protocol) to the entire network with the service match criteria. All services which enabled the discovery behavior will receive this message and only those matched services will send their endpoint back to the client. The managed proxy discovery service works as I described above. In this post I will only cover the managed proxy mode, where there’s a discovery service. For more information about the ad-hoc mode please refer to the MSDN.   Service Announcement and Probe The main functionality of discovery service should be return the proper endpoint addresses back to the service who is looking for. In most cases the consume service (as a client) will send the contract which it wanted to request to the discovery service. And then the discovery service will find the endpoint and respond. Sometimes the contract and endpoint are not enough. It also contains versioning, extensions attributes. This post I will only cover the case includes contract and endpoint. When a client (or sometimes a service who need to invoke another service) need to connect to a target service, it will firstly request the discovery service through the “Probe” method with the criteria. Basically the criteria contains the contract type name of the target service. Then the discovery service will search its endpoint repository by the criteria. The repository might be a database, a distributed cache or a flat XML file. If it matches, the discovery service will grab the endpoint information (it’s called discovery endpoint metadata in WCF) and send back. And this is called “Probe”. Finally the client received the discovery endpoint metadata and will use the endpoint to connect to the target service. Besides the probe, discovery service should take the responsible to know there is a new service available when it goes online, as well as stopped when it goes offline. This feature is named “Announcement”. When a service started and stopped, it will announce to the discovery service. So the basic functionality of a discovery service should includes: 1, An endpoint which receive the service online message, and add the service endpoint information in the discovery repository. 2, An endpoint which receive the service offline message, and remove the service endpoint information from the discovery repository. 3, An endpoint which receive the client probe message, and return the matches service endpoints, and return the discovery endpoint metadata. WCF 4.0 discovery service just covers all these features in it's infrastructure classes.   Discovery Service in WCF 4.0 WCF 4.0 introduced a new assembly named System.ServiceModel.Discovery which has all necessary classes and interfaces to build a WS-Discovery compliant discovery service. It supports ad-hoc and managed proxy modes. For the case mentioned in this post, what we need to build is a standalone discovery service, which is the managed proxy discovery service mode. To build a managed discovery service in WCF 4.0 just create a new class inherits from the abstract class System.ServiceModel.Discovery.DiscoveryProxy. This class implemented and abstracted the procedures of service announcement and probe. And it exposes 8 abstract methods where we can implement our own endpoint register, unregister and find logic. These 8 methods are asynchronized, which means all invokes to the discovery service are asynchronously, for better service capability and performance. 1, OnBeginOnlineAnnouncement, OnEndOnlineAnnouncement: Invoked when a service sent the online announcement message. We need to add the endpoint information to the repository in this method. 2, OnBeginOfflineAnnouncement, OnEndOfflineAnnouncement: Invoked when a service sent the offline announcement message. We need to remove the endpoint information from the repository in this method. 3, OnBeginFind, OnEndFind: Invoked when a client sent the probe message that want to find the service endpoint information. We need to look for the proper endpoints by matching the client’s criteria through the repository in this method. 4, OnBeginResolve, OnEndResolve: Invoked then a client sent the resolve message. Different from the find method, when using resolve method the discovery service will return the exactly one service endpoint metadata to the client. In our example we will NOT implement this method.   Let’s create our own discovery service, inherit the base System.ServiceModel.Discovery.DiscoveryProxy. We also need to specify the service behavior in this class. Since the build-in discovery service host class only support the singleton mode, we must set its instance context mode to single. 1: using System; 2: using System.Collections.Generic; 3: using System.Linq; 4: using System.Text; 5: using System.ServiceModel.Discovery; 6: using System.ServiceModel; 7:  8: namespace Phare.Service 9: { 10: [ServiceBehavior(InstanceContextMode = InstanceContextMode.Single, ConcurrencyMode = ConcurrencyMode.Multiple)] 11: public class ManagedProxyDiscoveryService : DiscoveryProxy 12: { 13: protected override IAsyncResult OnBeginFind(FindRequestContext findRequestContext, AsyncCallback callback, object state) 14: { 15: throw new NotImplementedException(); 16: } 17:  18: protected override IAsyncResult OnBeginOfflineAnnouncement(DiscoveryMessageSequence messageSequence, EndpointDiscoveryMetadata endpointDiscoveryMetadata, AsyncCallback callback, object state) 19: { 20: throw new NotImplementedException(); 21: } 22:  23: protected override IAsyncResult OnBeginOnlineAnnouncement(DiscoveryMessageSequence messageSequence, EndpointDiscoveryMetadata endpointDiscoveryMetadata, AsyncCallback callback, object state) 24: { 25: throw new NotImplementedException(); 26: } 27:  28: protected override IAsyncResult OnBeginResolve(ResolveCriteria resolveCriteria, AsyncCallback callback, object state) 29: { 30: throw new NotImplementedException(); 31: } 32:  33: protected override void OnEndFind(IAsyncResult result) 34: { 35: throw new NotImplementedException(); 36: } 37:  38: protected override void OnEndOfflineAnnouncement(IAsyncResult result) 39: { 40: throw new NotImplementedException(); 41: } 42:  43: protected override void OnEndOnlineAnnouncement(IAsyncResult result) 44: { 45: throw new NotImplementedException(); 46: } 47:  48: protected override EndpointDiscoveryMetadata OnEndResolve(IAsyncResult result) 49: { 50: throw new NotImplementedException(); 51: } 52: } 53: } Then let’s implement the online, offline and find methods one by one. WCF discovery service gives us full flexibility to implement the endpoint add, remove and find logic. For the demo purpose we will use an internal dictionary to store the services’ endpoint metadata. In the next post we will see how to serialize and store these information in database. Define a concurrent dictionary inside the service class since our it will be used in the multiple threads scenario. 1: [ServiceBehavior(InstanceContextMode = InstanceContextMode.Single, ConcurrencyMode = ConcurrencyMode.Multiple)] 2: public class ManagedProxyDiscoveryService : DiscoveryProxy 3: { 4: private ConcurrentDictionary<EndpointAddress, EndpointDiscoveryMetadata> _services; 5:  6: public ManagedProxyDiscoveryService() 7: { 8: _services = new ConcurrentDictionary<EndpointAddress, EndpointDiscoveryMetadata>(); 9: } 10: } Then we can simply implement the logic of service online and offline. 1: protected override IAsyncResult OnBeginOnlineAnnouncement(DiscoveryMessageSequence messageSequence, EndpointDiscoveryMetadata endpointDiscoveryMetadata, AsyncCallback callback, object state) 2: { 3: _services.AddOrUpdate(endpointDiscoveryMetadata.Address, endpointDiscoveryMetadata, (key, value) => endpointDiscoveryMetadata); 4: return new OnOnlineAnnouncementAsyncResult(callback, state); 5: } 6:  7: protected override void OnEndOnlineAnnouncement(IAsyncResult result) 8: { 9: OnOnlineAnnouncementAsyncResult.End(result); 10: } 11:  12: protected override IAsyncResult OnBeginOfflineAnnouncement(DiscoveryMessageSequence messageSequence, EndpointDiscoveryMetadata endpointDiscoveryMetadata, AsyncCallback callback, object state) 13: { 14: EndpointDiscoveryMetadata endpoint = null; 15: _services.TryRemove(endpointDiscoveryMetadata.Address, out endpoint); 16: return new OnOfflineAnnouncementAsyncResult(callback, state); 17: } 18:  19: protected override void OnEndOfflineAnnouncement(IAsyncResult result) 20: { 21: OnOfflineAnnouncementAsyncResult.End(result); 22: } Regards the find method, the parameter FindRequestContext.Criteria has a method named IsMatch, which can be use for us to evaluate which service metadata is satisfied with the criteria. So the implementation of find method would be like this. 1: protected override IAsyncResult OnBeginFind(FindRequestContext findRequestContext, AsyncCallback callback, object state) 2: { 3: _services.Where(s => findRequestContext.Criteria.IsMatch(s.Value)) 4: .Select(s => s.Value) 5: .All(meta => 6: { 7: findRequestContext.AddMatchingEndpoint(meta); 8: return true; 9: }); 10: return new OnFindAsyncResult(callback, state); 11: } 12:  13: protected override void OnEndFind(IAsyncResult result) 14: { 15: OnFindAsyncResult.End(result); 16: } As you can see, we checked all endpoints metadata in repository by invoking the IsMatch method. Then add all proper endpoints metadata into the parameter. Finally since all these methods are asynchronized we need some AsyncResult classes as well. Below are the base class and the inherited classes used in previous methods. 1: using System; 2: using System.Collections.Generic; 3: using System.Linq; 4: using System.Text; 5: using System.Threading; 6:  7: namespace Phare.Service 8: { 9: abstract internal class AsyncResult : IAsyncResult 10: { 11: AsyncCallback callback; 12: bool completedSynchronously; 13: bool endCalled; 14: Exception exception; 15: bool isCompleted; 16: ManualResetEvent manualResetEvent; 17: object state; 18: object thisLock; 19:  20: protected AsyncResult(AsyncCallback callback, object state) 21: { 22: this.callback = callback; 23: this.state = state; 24: this.thisLock = new object(); 25: } 26:  27: public object AsyncState 28: { 29: get 30: { 31: return state; 32: } 33: } 34:  35: public WaitHandle AsyncWaitHandle 36: { 37: get 38: { 39: if (manualResetEvent != null) 40: { 41: return manualResetEvent; 42: } 43: lock (ThisLock) 44: { 45: if (manualResetEvent == null) 46: { 47: manualResetEvent = new ManualResetEvent(isCompleted); 48: } 49: } 50: return manualResetEvent; 51: } 52: } 53:  54: public bool CompletedSynchronously 55: { 56: get 57: { 58: return completedSynchronously; 59: } 60: } 61:  62: public bool IsCompleted 63: { 64: get 65: { 66: return isCompleted; 67: } 68: } 69:  70: object ThisLock 71: { 72: get 73: { 74: return this.thisLock; 75: } 76: } 77:  78: protected static TAsyncResult End<TAsyncResult>(IAsyncResult result) 79: where TAsyncResult : AsyncResult 80: { 81: if (result == null) 82: { 83: throw new ArgumentNullException("result"); 84: } 85:  86: TAsyncResult asyncResult = result as TAsyncResult; 87:  88: if (asyncResult == null) 89: { 90: throw new ArgumentException("Invalid async result.", "result"); 91: } 92:  93: if (asyncResult.endCalled) 94: { 95: throw new InvalidOperationException("Async object already ended."); 96: } 97:  98: asyncResult.endCalled = true; 99:  100: if (!asyncResult.isCompleted) 101: { 102: asyncResult.AsyncWaitHandle.WaitOne(); 103: } 104:  105: if (asyncResult.manualResetEvent != null) 106: { 107: asyncResult.manualResetEvent.Close(); 108: } 109:  110: if (asyncResult.exception != null) 111: { 112: throw asyncResult.exception; 113: } 114:  115: return asyncResult; 116: } 117:  118: protected void Complete(bool completedSynchronously) 119: { 120: if (isCompleted) 121: { 122: throw new InvalidOperationException("This async result is already completed."); 123: } 124:  125: this.completedSynchronously = completedSynchronously; 126:  127: if (completedSynchronously) 128: { 129: this.isCompleted = true; 130: } 131: else 132: { 133: lock (ThisLock) 134: { 135: this.isCompleted = true; 136: if (this.manualResetEvent != null) 137: { 138: this.manualResetEvent.Set(); 139: } 140: } 141: } 142:  143: if (callback != null) 144: { 145: callback(this); 146: } 147: } 148:  149: protected void Complete(bool completedSynchronously, Exception exception) 150: { 151: this.exception = exception; 152: Complete(completedSynchronously); 153: } 154: } 155: } 1: using System; 2: using System.Collections.Generic; 3: using System.Linq; 4: using System.Text; 5: using System.ServiceModel.Discovery; 6: using Phare.Service; 7:  8: namespace Phare.Service 9: { 10: internal sealed class OnOnlineAnnouncementAsyncResult : AsyncResult 11: { 12: public OnOnlineAnnouncementAsyncResult(AsyncCallback callback, object state) 13: : base(callback, state) 14: { 15: this.Complete(true); 16: } 17:  18: public static void End(IAsyncResult result) 19: { 20: AsyncResult.End<OnOnlineAnnouncementAsyncResult>(result); 21: } 22:  23: } 24:  25: sealed class OnOfflineAnnouncementAsyncResult : AsyncResult 26: { 27: public OnOfflineAnnouncementAsyncResult(AsyncCallback callback, object state) 28: : base(callback, state) 29: { 30: this.Complete(true); 31: } 32:  33: public static void End(IAsyncResult result) 34: { 35: AsyncResult.End<OnOfflineAnnouncementAsyncResult>(result); 36: } 37: } 38:  39: sealed class OnFindAsyncResult : AsyncResult 40: { 41: public OnFindAsyncResult(AsyncCallback callback, object state) 42: : base(callback, state) 43: { 44: this.Complete(true); 45: } 46:  47: public static void End(IAsyncResult result) 48: { 49: AsyncResult.End<OnFindAsyncResult>(result); 50: } 51: } 52:  53: sealed class OnResolveAsyncResult : AsyncResult 54: { 55: EndpointDiscoveryMetadata matchingEndpoint; 56:  57: public OnResolveAsyncResult(EndpointDiscoveryMetadata matchingEndpoint, AsyncCallback callback, object state) 58: : base(callback, state) 59: { 60: this.matchingEndpoint = matchingEndpoint; 61: this.Complete(true); 62: } 63:  64: public static EndpointDiscoveryMetadata End(IAsyncResult result) 65: { 66: OnResolveAsyncResult thisPtr = AsyncResult.End<OnResolveAsyncResult>(result); 67: return thisPtr.matchingEndpoint; 68: } 69: } 70: } Now we have finished the discovery service. The next step is to host it. The discovery service is a standard WCF service. So we can use ServiceHost on a console application, windows service, or in IIS as usual. The following code is how to host the discovery service we had just created in a console application. 1: static void Main(string[] args) 2: { 3: using (var host = new ServiceHost(new ManagedProxyDiscoveryService())) 4: { 5: host.Opened += (sender, e) => 6: { 7: host.Description.Endpoints.All((ep) => 8: { 9: Console.WriteLine(ep.ListenUri); 10: return true; 11: }); 12: }; 13:  14: try 15: { 16: // retrieve the announcement, probe endpoint and binding from configuration 17: var announcementEndpointAddress = new EndpointAddress(ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["announcementEndpointAddress"]); 18: var probeEndpointAddress = new EndpointAddress(ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["probeEndpointAddress"]); 19: var binding = Activator.CreateInstance(Type.GetType(ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["bindingType"], true, true)) as Binding; 20: var announcementEndpoint = new AnnouncementEndpoint(binding, announcementEndpointAddress); 21: var probeEndpoint = new DiscoveryEndpoint(binding, probeEndpointAddress); 22: probeEndpoint.IsSystemEndpoint = false; 23: // append the service endpoint for announcement and probe 24: host.AddServiceEndpoint(announcementEndpoint); 25: host.AddServiceEndpoint(probeEndpoint); 26:  27: host.Open(); 28:  29: Console.WriteLine("Press any key to exit."); 30: Console.ReadKey(); 31: } 32: catch (Exception ex) 33: { 34: Console.WriteLine(ex.ToString()); 35: } 36: } 37:  38: Console.WriteLine("Done."); 39: Console.ReadKey(); 40: } What we need to notice is that, the discovery service needs two endpoints for announcement and probe. In this example I just retrieve them from the configuration file. I also specified the binding of these two endpoints in configuration file as well. 1: <?xml version="1.0"?> 2: <configuration> 3: <startup> 4: <supportedRuntime version="v4.0" sku=".NETFramework,Version=v4.0"/> 5: </startup> 6: <appSettings> 7: <add key="announcementEndpointAddress" value="net.tcp://localhost:10010/announcement"/> 8: <add key="probeEndpointAddress" value="net.tcp://localhost:10011/probe"/> 9: <add key="bindingType" value="System.ServiceModel.NetTcpBinding, System.ServiceModel, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089"/> 10: </appSettings> 11: </configuration> And this is the console screen when I ran my discovery service. As you can see there are two endpoints listening for announcement message and probe message.   Discoverable Service and Client Next, let’s create a WCF service that is discoverable, which means it can be found by the discovery service. To do so, we need to let the service send the online announcement message to the discovery service, as well as offline message before it shutdown. Just create a simple service which can make the incoming string to upper. The service contract and implementation would be like this. 1: [ServiceContract] 2: public interface IStringService 3: { 4: [OperationContract] 5: string ToUpper(string content); 6: } 1: public class StringService : IStringService 2: { 3: public string ToUpper(string content) 4: { 5: return content.ToUpper(); 6: } 7: } Then host this service in the console application. In order to make the discovery service easy to be tested the service address will be changed each time it’s started. 1: static void Main(string[] args) 2: { 3: var baseAddress = new Uri(string.Format("net.tcp://localhost:11001/stringservice/{0}/", Guid.NewGuid().ToString())); 4:  5: using (var host = new ServiceHost(typeof(StringService), baseAddress)) 6: { 7: host.Opened += (sender, e) => 8: { 9: Console.WriteLine("Service opened at {0}", host.Description.Endpoints.First().ListenUri); 10: }; 11:  12: host.AddServiceEndpoint(typeof(IStringService), new NetTcpBinding(), string.Empty); 13:  14: host.Open(); 15:  16: Console.WriteLine("Press any key to exit."); 17: Console.ReadKey(); 18: } 19: } Currently this service is NOT discoverable. We need to add a special service behavior so that it could send the online and offline message to the discovery service announcement endpoint when the host is opened and closed. WCF 4.0 introduced a service behavior named ServiceDiscoveryBehavior. When we specified the announcement endpoint address and appended it to the service behaviors this service will be discoverable. 1: var announcementAddress = new EndpointAddress(ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["announcementEndpointAddress"]); 2: var announcementBinding = Activator.CreateInstance(Type.GetType(ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["bindingType"], true, true)) as Binding; 3: var announcementEndpoint = new AnnouncementEndpoint(announcementBinding, announcementAddress); 4: var discoveryBehavior = new ServiceDiscoveryBehavior(); 5: discoveryBehavior.AnnouncementEndpoints.Add(announcementEndpoint); 6: host.Description.Behaviors.Add(discoveryBehavior); The ServiceDiscoveryBehavior utilizes the service extension and channel dispatcher to implement the online and offline announcement logic. In short, it injected the channel open and close procedure and send the online and offline message to the announcement endpoint.   On client side, when we have the discovery service, a client can invoke a service without knowing its endpoint. WCF discovery assembly provides a class named DiscoveryClient, which can be used to find the proper service endpoint by passing the criteria. In the code below I initialized the DiscoveryClient, specified the discovery service probe endpoint address. Then I created the find criteria by specifying the service contract I wanted to use and invoke the Find method. This will send the probe message to the discovery service and it will find the endpoints back to me. The discovery service will return all endpoints that matches the find criteria, which means in the result of the find method there might be more than one endpoints. In this example I just returned the first matched one back. In the next post I will show how to extend our discovery service to make it work like a service load balancer. 1: static EndpointAddress FindServiceEndpoint() 2: { 3: var probeEndpointAddress = new EndpointAddress(ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["probeEndpointAddress"]); 4: var probeBinding = Activator.CreateInstance(Type.GetType(ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["bindingType"], true, true)) as Binding; 5: var discoveryEndpoint = new DiscoveryEndpoint(probeBinding, probeEndpointAddress); 6:  7: EndpointAddress address = null; 8: FindResponse result = null; 9: using (var discoveryClient = new DiscoveryClient(discoveryEndpoint)) 10: { 11: result = discoveryClient.Find(new FindCriteria(typeof(IStringService))); 12: } 13:  14: if (result != null && result.Endpoints.Any()) 15: { 16: var endpointMetadata = result.Endpoints.First(); 17: address = endpointMetadata.Address; 18: } 19: return address; 20: } Once we probed the discovery service we will receive the endpoint. So in the client code we can created the channel factory from the endpoint and binding, and invoke to the service. When creating the client side channel factory we need to make sure that the client side binding should be the same as the service side. WCF discovery service can be used to find the endpoint for a service contract, but the binding is NOT included. This is because the binding was not in the WS-Discovery specification. In the next post I will demonstrate how to add the binding information into the discovery service. At that moment the client don’t need to create the binding by itself. Instead it will use the binding received from the discovery service. 1: static void Main(string[] args) 2: { 3: Console.WriteLine("Say something..."); 4: var content = Console.ReadLine(); 5: while (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(content)) 6: { 7: Console.WriteLine("Finding the service endpoint..."); 8: var address = FindServiceEndpoint(); 9: if (address == null) 10: { 11: Console.WriteLine("There is no endpoint matches the criteria."); 12: } 13: else 14: { 15: Console.WriteLine("Found the endpoint {0}", address.Uri); 16:  17: var factory = new ChannelFactory<IStringService>(new NetTcpBinding(), address); 18: factory.Opened += (sender, e) => 19: { 20: Console.WriteLine("Connecting to {0}.", factory.Endpoint.ListenUri); 21: }; 22: var proxy = factory.CreateChannel(); 23: using (proxy as IDisposable) 24: { 25: Console.WriteLine("ToUpper: {0} => {1}", content, proxy.ToUpper(content)); 26: } 27: } 28:  29: Console.WriteLine("Say something..."); 30: content = Console.ReadLine(); 31: } 32: } Similarly, the discovery service probe endpoint and binding were defined in the configuration file. 1: <?xml version="1.0"?> 2: <configuration> 3: <startup> 4: <supportedRuntime version="v4.0" sku=".NETFramework,Version=v4.0"/> 5: </startup> 6: <appSettings> 7: <add key="announcementEndpointAddress" value="net.tcp://localhost:10010/announcement"/> 8: <add key="probeEndpointAddress" value="net.tcp://localhost:10011/probe"/> 9: <add key="bindingType" value="System.ServiceModel.NetTcpBinding, System.ServiceModel, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089"/> 10: </appSettings> 11: </configuration> OK, now let’s have a test. Firstly start the discovery service, and then start our discoverable service. When it started it will announced to the discovery service and registered its endpoint into the repository, which is the local dictionary. And then start the client and type something. As you can see the client asked the discovery service for the endpoint and then establish the connection to the discoverable service. And more interesting, do NOT close the client console but terminate the discoverable service but press the enter key. This will make the service send the offline message to the discovery service. Then start the discoverable service again. Since we made it use a different address each time it started, currently it should be hosted on another address. If we enter something in the client we could see that it asked the discovery service and retrieve the new endpoint, and connect the the service.   Summary In this post I discussed the benefit of using the discovery service and the procedures of service announcement and probe. I also demonstrated how to leverage the WCF Discovery feature in WCF 4.0 to build a simple managed discovery service. For test purpose, in this example I used the in memory dictionary as the discovery endpoint metadata repository. And when finding I also just return the first matched endpoint back. I also hard coded the bindings between the discoverable service and the client. In next post I will show you how to solve the problem mentioned above, as well as some additional feature for production usage. You can download the code here.   Hope this helps, Shaun All documents and related graphics, codes are provided "AS IS" without warranty of any kind. Copyright © Shaun Ziyan Xu. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons License.

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  • In 3D camera math, calculate what Z depth is pixel unity for a given FOV

    - by badweasel
    I am working in iOS and OpenGL ES 2.0. Through trial and error I've figured out a frustum to where at a specific z depth pixels drawn are 1 to 1 with my source textures. So 1 pixel in my texture is 1 pixel on the screen. For 2d games this is good. Of course it means that I also factor in things like the size of the quad and the size of the texture. For example if my sprite is a quad 32x32 pixels. The quad size is 3.2 units wide and tall. And the texcoords are 32 / the size of the texture wide and tall. Then the frustum is: matrixFrustum(-(float)backingWidth/frustumScale,(float)backingWidth/frustumScale, -(float)backingHeight/frustumScale, (float)backingHeight/frustumScale, 40, 1000, mProjection); Where frustumScale is 800 for a retina screen. Then at a distance of 800 from camera the sprite is pixel for pixel the same as photoshop. For 3d games sometimes I still want to be able to do this. But depending on the scene I sometimes need the FOV to be different things. I'm looking for a way to figure out what Z depth will achieve this same pixel unity for a given FOV. For this my mProjection is set using: matrixPerspective(cameraFOV, near, far, (float)backingWidth / (float)backingHeight, mProjection); With testing I found that at an FOV of 45.0 a Z of 38.5 is very close to pixel unity. And at an FOV of 30.0 a Z of 59.5 is about right. But how can I calculate a value that is spot on? Here's my matrixPerspecitve code: void matrixPerspective(float angle, float near, float far, float aspect, mat4 m) { //float size = near * tanf(angle / 360.0 * M_PI); float size = near * tanf(degreesToRadians(angle) / 2.0); float left = -size, right = size, bottom = -size / aspect, top = size / aspect; // Unused values in perspective formula. m[1] = m[2] = m[3] = m[4] = 0; m[6] = m[7] = m[12] = m[13] = m[15] = 0; // Perspective formula. m[0] = 2 * near / (right - left); m[5] = 2 * near / (top - bottom); m[8] = (right + left) / (right - left); m[9] = (top + bottom) / (top - bottom); m[10] = -(far + near) / (far - near); m[11] = -1; m[14] = -(2 * far * near) / (far - near); } And my mView is set using: lookAtMatrix(cameraPos, camLookAt, camUpVector, mView); * UPDATE * I'm going to leave this here in case anyone has a different solution, can explain how they do it, or why this works. This is what I figured out. In my system I use a 10th scale unit to pixels on non-retina displays and a 20th scale on retina displays. The iPhone is 640 pixels wide on retina and 320 pixels wide on non-retina (obsolete). So if I want something to be the full screen width I divide by 20 to get the OpenGL unit width. Then divide that by 2 to get the left and right unit position. Something 32 units wide centered on the screen goes from -16 to +16. Believe it or not I have an excel spreadsheet do all this math for me and output all the vertex data for my sprite sheet. It's an arbitrary thing I made up to do .1 units = 1 non-retina pixel or 2 retina pixels. I could have made it .01 units = 2 pixels and someday I might switch to that. But for now it's the other. So the width of the screen in units is 32.0, and that means the left most pixel is at -16.0 and the right most is at 16.0. After messing a bit I figured out that if I take the [0] value of an identity modelViewProjection matrix and multiply it by 16 I get the depth required to get 1:1 pixels. I don't know why. I don't know if the 16 is related to the screen size or just a lucky guess. But I did a test where I placed a sprite at that calculated depth and varied the FOV through all the valid values and the object stays steady on screen with 1:1 pixels. So now I'm just calculating the unityDepth that way. If someone gives me a better answer I'll checkmark it.

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  • Connecting debian and windows via IPsec VPN with Racoon and ipsec-tools

    - by Michi Qne
    I've some trouble with the IPsec configuration on my debian server (6 squeeze). This server should connect via IPsec VPN to an windows server, which is protected by an firewall. I've used racoon and ipsec-tools and this tutorial http://wiki.debian.org/IPsec. However, I am not quite sure, if this tutorial fits to my purpose, because of some differences: my Host and my gateway are the same server. So I don't have two different ip addresses. I guess, that's not a problem the other server is an windows system behind a firewall. Hopefully, not a problem the subnet of the windows system is /32 not /24. So I change it to /32. I worked through the tutorial step by step, but I wasn't able to route the ip. The following command didn't work for me: ip route add to 172.16.128.100/32 via XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX src XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX So I tried the following instead: ip route add to 172.16.128.100 .., which obviously not solved the problem. The next problem is the compression. The windows doesn't use a compression, but 'compression_algorithm none;' doesn't work with my racoon. So the current value is 'compression_algorithm deflate;' So my current result looks like this: When I am trying to ping the windows host (ping 172.16.128.100), I receive the following error message from ping: ping: sendmsg: Operation not permitted And racoon logs: racoon: ERROR: failed to get sainfo. After googling for a while I came to no conclusion, what's the solution. Does this error message mean that the first phase of IPsec works? I am thankful for any advice. I guess my configs might be helpful. My racoon.conf looks like this: path pre_shared_key "/etc/racoon/psk.txt"; remote YYY.YYY.YYY.YYY { exchange_mode main; proposal { lifetime time 8 hour; encryption_algorithm 3des; hash_algorithm sha1; authentication_method pre_shared_key; dh_group 2; } } sainfo address XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX/32 any address 172.16.128.100/32 any { pfs_group 2; lifetime time 8 hour; encryption_algorithm aes 256; authentication_algorithm hmac_sha1; compression_algorithm deflate; } And my ipsec-tools.conf looks like this: flush; spdflush; spdadd XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX/32 172.16.128.100/32 any -P out ipsec esp/tunnel/XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX-YYY.YYY.YYY.YYY/require; spdadd 172.16.128.100/32 XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX/32 any -P in ipsec esp/tunnel/YYY.YYY.YYY.YYY-XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX/require; If anyone has an advice, that would be awesome. Thanks in Advance. Greets, Michael It was a simple copy-and-paste error in an ip address.

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  • Sometimes this script fails to update the iptables

    - by AlJo
    It does not happen often, but sometimes after running the below script, checking the iptables with service iptables status shows that they weren't updated and the script doesn't output any error. The iptables is structured as look-up tree (long repeated sections snipped): #!/bin/sh iptables -t nat -F iptables -t nat -X iptables -F iptables -X iptables -A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -s 93.225.0.0/16 -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -s 15.102.0.0/16 -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -s 47.122.0.0/16 -j ACCEPT iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-0 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-1 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-2 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-3 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-4 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-5 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-6 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-7 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-8 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-9 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-10 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-11 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-12 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-13 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-14 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-15 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-16 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-17 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-18 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-19 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-20 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-21 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-22 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-23 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-24 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-25 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-26 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-27 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-28 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-29 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-30 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-31 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-32 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-33 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-34 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-35 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-36 iptables -N MY_CHAIN_L1-37 iptables -A INPUT -m iprange --src-range 1.54.96.0-5.133.179.255 -j MY_CHAIN_L1-0 iptables -A INPUT -m iprange --src-range 5.133.180.0-24.113.159.255 -j MY_CHAIN_L1-1 [snip] iptables -A INPUT -m iprange --src-range 195.13.45.0-198.11.255.255 -j MY_CHAIN_L1-29 iptables -A INPUT -m iprange --src-range 198.12.64.0-199.19.215.255 -j MY_CHAIN_L1-30 iptables -A INPUT -m iprange --src-range 199.21.96.0-200.31.3.255 -j MY_CHAIN_L1-31 iptables -A INPUT -m iprange --src-range 200.31.11.0-202.171.255.255 -j MY_CHAIN_L1-32 iptables -A INPUT -m iprange --src-range 203.130.134.192-206.212.255.255 -j MY_CHAIN_L1-33 iptables -A INPUT -m iprange --src-range 206.214.64.0-211.155.95.255 -j MY_CHAIN_L1-34 iptables -A INPUT -m iprange --src-range 212.19.128.0-216.176.191.255 -j MY_CHAIN_L1-35 iptables -A INPUT -m iprange --src-range 216.189.0.0-218.23.255.255 -j MY_CHAIN_L1-36 iptables -A INPUT -m iprange --src-range 218.30.96.0-223.255.231.255 -j MY_CHAIN_L1-37 iptables -A MY_CHAIN_L1-0 -s 1.54.96.0/20 -j DROP iptables -A MY_CHAIN_L1-0 -s 1.208.0.0/12 -j DROP iptables -A MY_CHAIN_L1-0 -s 1.224.0.0/11 -j DROP [snip] iptables -A MY_CHAIN_L1-0 -s 5.133.178.0/23 -j DROP iptables -A MY_CHAIN_L1-0 -j ACCEPT iptables -A MY_CHAIN_L1-1 -s 5.133.180.0/22 -j DROP iptables -A MY_CHAIN_L1-1 -s 5.135.0.0/16 -j DROP iptables -A MY_CHAIN_L1-1 -s 5.153.232.0/21 -j DROP [snip] iptables -A MY_CHAIN_L1-1 -s 24.113.128.0/19 -j DROP iptables -A MY_CHAIN_L1-1 -j ACCEPT . . . iptables -A MY_CHAIN_L1-29 -s 195.13.45.0/24 -j DROP iptables -A MY_CHAIN_L1-29 -s 195.20.224.0/19 -j DROP iptables -A MY_CHAIN_L1-29 -s 195.31.216.0/26 -j DROP iptables -A MY_CHAIN_L1-29 -s 195.58.245.0/24 -j DROP iptables -A MY_CHAIN_L1-29 -s 195.60.164.0/23 -j DROP iptables -A MY_CHAIN_L1-29 -s 195.60.240.0/22 -j DROP iptables -A MY_CHAIN_L1-29 -s 195.62.10.0/23 -j DROP iptables -A MY_CHAIN_L1-29 -s 195.110.30.0/23 -j DROP iptables -A MY_CHAIN_L1-29 -s 195.154.0.0/16 -j DROP iptables -A MY_CHAIN_L1-29 -s 195.190.13.0/24 -j DROP iptables -A MY_CHAIN_L1-29 -s 195.211.152.0/22 -j DROP iptables -A MY_CHAIN_L1-1 -j ACCEPT [snip more of same to end of script] Can anyone see why this script would silently fail to update the iptables sometimes? Maybe it's not the script? Thanks

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  • iptables DNS resolution

    - by Favolas
    I have a virtual machine with Fedora 19 acting as a router. This machine as an interface (p8p1) with the IP 172.16.1.254 that is connected to another machine (IP 172.16.1.1) that's simulating the external network. I've installed snort 2.9.2.2, applied the snortsam-2.9.2.2.diff.gz patch and installed snortsam 2.70 on the routermachine In snort.conf besides altering some RULE_PATH I believe I've only added the following line to the file. output alert_fwsam: 127.0.0.1:898/password After doing this two comands: ifconfig p8p1 promisc /usr/local/snort/bin/snort -v -i p8p1 If I ping from the external network to the router IP, I can see the info about the pings. One of the rules that I have is icmp-info.rules that as this single line: alert icmp $EXTERNAL_NET any -> $HOME_NET any (msg:"ICMP-INFO Echo Reply"; icode:0; itype:0; classtype:misc-activity; sid:408; rev:6;fwsam: src, 5 minutes;) snortsam.conf as this data: defaultkey password accept localhost keyinterval 30 minutes dontblock 192.168.1.1 # rede local rollbackhosts 50 rollbackthreshold 20 / 30 secs rollbacksleeptime 1 minute logfile /var/log/snort/snortsam.log loglevel 3 daemon nothreads # linha importante para gerar os bloqueios via iptables iptables p8p1 LOG bindip 127.0.0.1 Now I run this command: /usr/local/snort/bin/snort -u snort -i p8p1 -c /etc/snort/snort.conf -l /var/log/snort -Dq Terminal gives this message: Spawning daemon child... My daemon child 2080 lives... Daemon parent exiting (0) and when I runsnortsam in terminal i got this: SnortSam, v 2.70. Copyright (c) 2001-2009 Frank Knobbe . All rights reserved. Plugin 'fwsam': v 2.5, by Frank Knobbe Plugin 'fwexec': v 2.7, by Frank Knobbe Plugin 'pix': v 2.9, by Frank Knobbe Plugin 'ciscoacl': v 2.12, by Ali Basel <[email protected]> Plugin 'cisconullroute': v 2.5, by Frank Knobbe Plugin 'cisconullroute2': v 2.2, by Wouter de Jong <[email protected]> Plugin 'netscreen': v 2.10, by Frank Knobbe Plugin 'ipchains': v 2.8, by Hector A. Paterno <[email protected]> Plugin 'iptables': v 2.9, by Fabrizio Tivano <[email protected]>, Luis Marichal <[email protected]> Plugin 'ebtables': v 2.4, by Bruno Scatolin <[email protected]> Plugin 'watchguard': v 2.7, by Thomas Maier <[email protected]> Plugin 'email': v 2.12, by Frank Knobbe Plugin 'email-blocks-only': v 2.12, by Frank Knobbe Plugin 'snmpinterfacedown': v 2.3, by Ali BASEL <[email protected]> Plugin 'forward': v 2.8, by Frank Knobbe Parsing config file /etc/snortsam.conf... Linking plugin 'iptables'... Checking for existing state file "/var/db/snortsam.state". Found. Reading state file. Starting to listen for Snort alerts. and snortsam.log as an entry like this 2013/10/25, 10:15:17, -, 1, snortsam, Starting to listen for Snort alerts. Now, from the external machine I do ping 172.16.1.254 and it starts showing the info and an alert file is created in /var/log/snort/ that as the info about the PINGS. Something like: [**] [1:408:6] ICMP-INFO Echo Reply [**] [Classification: Misc activity] [Priority: 3] 10/25-10:35:16.061319 172.16.1.254 -> 172.16.1.1 ICMP TTL:64 TOS:0x0 ID:38720 IpLen:20 DgmLen:84 Type:0 Code:0 ID:1389 Seq:1 ECHO REPLY Also, if I run instead /usr/local/snort/bin/snort snort -v -i p8p1 i got this message: Running in packet dump mode --== Initializing Snort ==-- Initializing Output Plugins! Snort BPF option: snort pcap DAQ configured to passive. The DAQ version does not support reload. Acquiring network traffic from "p8p1". ERROR: Can't set DAQ BPF filter to 'snort' (pcap_daq_set_filter: pcap_compile: syntax error)! Fatal Error, Quitting.. So, this are my questions: Shouldn't snortsam block the PING? Is that DAQ error causing the problem? If so, How can I solve it?

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