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  • How to get this wavefront .obj data onto the frustum?

    - by NoobScratcher
    I've finally figured out how to get the data from a .obj file and store the vertex positions x,y,z into a structure called Points with members x y z which are of type float. I want to know how to get this data onto the screen. Here is my attempt at doing so: //make a fileobject and store list and the index of that list in a c string ifstream file (list[index].c_str() ); std::vector<int>faces; std::vector<Point>points; points.push_back(Point()); Point p; int face[4]; while ( !file.eof() ) { char modelbuffer[10000]; //Get lines and store it in line string file.getline(modelbuffer, 10000); switch(modelbuffer[0]) { case 'v' : sscanf(modelbuffer, "v %f %f %f", &p.x, &p.y, &p.z); points.push_back(p); cout << "Getting Vertex Positions" << endl; cout << "v" << p.x << endl; cout << "v" << p.y << endl; cout << "v" << p.z << endl; break; case 'f': sscanf(modelbuffer, "f %d %d %d %d", face, face+1, face+2, face+3 ); cout << face[0] << endl; cout << face[1] << endl; cout << face[2] << endl; cout << face[3] << endl; faces.push_back(face[0]); faces.push_back(face[1]); faces.push_back(face[2]); faces.push_back(face[3]); } GLuint vertexbuffer; glGenBuffers(1, &vertexbuffer); glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vertexbuffer); glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, points.size(), points.data(), GL_STATIC_DRAW); //glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER,sizeof(points), &(points[0]), GL_STATIC_DRAW); glVertexAttribPointer(0, 4, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, 0); glVertexPointer(3, GL_FLOAT, sizeof(points),points.data()); glIndexPointer(GL_DOUBLE, 0, faces.data()); glDrawArrays(GL_QUADS, 0, points.size()); glDrawElements(GL_QUADS, faces.size(), GL_UNSIGNED_INT, faces.data()); } As you can see I've clearly failed the end part but I really don't know why its not rendering the data onto the frustum? Does anyone have a solution for this?

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  • How do I draw a scrolling background?

    - by droidmachine
    How can I draw background tile in my 2D side-scrolling game? Is that loop logical for OpenGL es? My tile 2400x480. Also I want to use parallax scrolling for my game. batcher.beginBatch(Assets.background); for(int i=0; i<100; i++) batcher.drawSprite(0+2400*i, 240, 2400, 480, Assets.backgroundRegion); batcher.endBatch(); UPDATE And thats my onDrawFrame.I'm sending deltaTime for fps control. public void onDrawFrame(GL10 gl) { GLGameState state = null; synchronized(stateChanged) { state = this.state; } if(state == GLGameState.Running) { float deltaTime = (System.nanoTime()-startTime) / 1000000000.0f; startTime = System.nanoTime(); screen.update(deltaTime); screen.present(deltaTime); } if(state == GLGameState.Paused) { screen.pause(); synchronized(stateChanged) { this.state = GLGameState.Idle; stateChanged.notifyAll(); } } if(state == GLGameState.Finished) { screen.pause(); screen.dispose(); synchronized(stateChanged) { this.state = GLGameState.Idle; stateChanged.notifyAll(); } } }

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  • Javascript Isometric draw optimization

    - by hustlerinc
    I'm having trouble with isometric tiles drawing. At the moment I got an array with the tiles i want to draw. And it all works fine until i increase the size of the array. Since I draw ALL tiles on the map it really affects the game performance (obviously) :D. My problem is I'm no genius when it comes to javascript and I haven't managed to just draw what is in viewport. Should be fairly simple for an expert though because its fixed sizes etc. Canvas is 960x480 pixels, each tile 64x32. This gives 16 tiles on first row, 15 on the next etc. for a total of 16 rows. Tile 0,0 is in the top-right corner. And draws X up to down and Y right to left. Going through the tiles on the first row from left to right as +X -Y. Here is the relevant part of my drawMap() function drawMap(){ var tileW = 64; // Tile Width var tileH = 32; // Tile Height var mapX = 960-32; var mapY = -16; for(i=0;i<map.length;i++){ for(j=0;j<map[i].length;j++){ var drawTile = map[i][j]; var drawObj = objectMap[i][j]; var xpos = (i-j)*tileH + mapX; var ypos = (i+j)*tileH/2 + mapY; // Place the tiles isometric. ctx.drawImage(tileImg[drawTile],xpos,ypos); if(drawObj){ ctx.drawImage(objectImg[drawObj-1],xpos,ypos-(objectImg[drawObj- 1])); } } } } Could anyone please help me how to translate this to just draw the relevant tiles? It would be deeply appreciated.

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  • Whole map design vs. tiles array design

    - by Mikalichov
    I am working on a 2D RPG, which will feature the usual dungeon/town maps (pre-generated). I am using tiles, that I will then combine to make the maps. My original plan was to assemble the tiles using Photoshop, or some other graphic program, in order to have one bigger picture that I could then use as a map. However, I have read on several places people talking about how they used arrays to build their map in the engine (so you give an array of x tiles to your engine, and it assemble them as a map). I can understand how it's done, but it seems a lot more complicated to implement, and I can't see obvious avantages. What is the most common method, and what are advantages/disadvantages of each?

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  • Finding vectors with two points

    - by Christian Careaga
    We're are trying to get the direction of a projectile but we can't find out how For example: [1,1] will go SE [1,-1] will go NE [-1,-1] will go NW and [-1,1] will go SW we need an equation of some sort that will take the player pos and the mouse pos and find which direction the projectile needs to go. Here is where we are plugging in the vectors: def update(self): self.rect.x += self.vector[0] self.rect.y += self.vector[1] Then we are blitting the projectile at the rects coords.

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  • OpenGL Drawing textured model (OBJ) black texture

    - by andrepcg
    I'm using OpenGL, Glew, GLFW and Glut to create a simple game. I've been following some tutorials and I have now a good model importer with textures (from ogldev.atspace.co.uk) but I'm having an issue with the model textures. I have a skybox with a beautiful texture as you can see in the picture That weird texture behind the helicopter (model) is the heli model that I've applied on purpose to that wall to demonstrate that specific texture is working, but not on the helicopter. I'll include the files I'm working on so you can check it out. Mesh.cpp - http://pastebin.com/pxDuKyQa Texture.cpp - http://pastebin.com/AByWjwL6 Render function + skybox - http://pastebin.com/Vivc9qnT I'm just calling mesh->Render(); before the drawSkyBox function, in the render loop. Why is the heli black when I can perfectly apply its texture to another quad? I've debugged the code and the mesh-render() call is correctly fetching the texture number and passing it to the texture-bind() function.

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  • Why does my player stop when stepping onto a new tile?

    - by user220631
    Me and my friend are creating a game from scratch. He is in charge of art design and I am in charge of coding. I have done well so far with the code, but I have a collision detection problem when the character moves right: Once the player moves right, whenever a new block is encountered, the player stops. I don't know if this is a problem with collision or the player but I can't work around it. Here is the collision code: this.IsColliding = function(obj) { if(this.X > obj.X + obj.Width) return false; else if(this.X + this.Width < obj.X) return false; else if(this.Y > obj.Y + obj.Height) return false; else if(this.Y + this.Height < obj.Y) return false; else return true; } I also wanted to see if there as a way to make the player collide with the bottom of the block and the right side of the block instead of running through it.

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  • Sprite/Tile Sheets Vs Single Textures

    - by Reanimation
    I'm making a race circuit which is constructed using various textures. To provide some background, I'm writing it in C++ and creating quads with OpenGL to which I assign a loaded .raw texture too. Currently I use 23 500px x 500px textures of which are all loaded and freed individually. I have now combined them all into a single sprite/tile sheet making it 3000 x 2000 pixels seems the number of textures/tiles I'm using is increasing. Now I'm wondering if it's more efficient to load them individually or write extra code to extract a certain tile from the sheet? Is it better to load the sheet, then extract 23 tiles and store them from one sheet, or load the sheet each time and crop it to the correct tile? There seems to be a number of way to implement it... Thanks in advance.

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  • Trouble with speed and vectors

    - by Eegabooga
    I'm working on adding bullets to my game. Right now I can shoot bullets in the direction that I would like from a ship by getting the ship's angle: int speed = 5; int dx = -(cos(degreesToRadians(ship.angle)) * speed); // rate of change in the x direction int dy = -(sin(degreesToRadians(ship.angle)) * speed); // rate of change in the y direction bulletPosition.addX(dx); // addX(dx) is simply bulletPosition.x += dx bulletPosition.addY(dy); The ship is pretty much the exact same thing, except I use the += operator: int dx += -(cos(degreesToRadians(angle)) * 0.15) int dy += -(sin(degreesToRadians(angle)) * 0.15); shipPosition.addX(dx); shipPosition.addY(dy); I would like to be able to add the ship's velocity to the bullet's velocity, but I'm a little confused as to how should get the speed from the ship's vector. I thought that adding the ship's dx to the bullet's dx like int dx = -(cos(degreesToRadians(ship.angle)) * speed * dx) would work because I'm adding the rate of change of the ship to the rate of change of the bullet, but that doesn't work. So here's the final question: How can I get the speed of my ship and apply it to my bullet's speed? Thanks in advance for all help :)

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  • Falling CCSprites

    - by Coder404
    Im trying to make ccsprites fall from the top of the screen. Im planning to use a touch delegate to determine when they fall. How could I make CCSprites fall from the screen in a way like this: -(void)addTarget { Monster *target = nil; if ((arc4random() % 2) == 0) { target = [WeakAndFastMonster monster]; } else { target = [StrongAndSlowMonster monster]; } // Determine where to spawn the target along the Y axis CGSize winSize = [[CCDirector sharedDirector] winSize]; int minY = target.contentSize.height/2; int maxY = winSize.height - target.contentSize.height/2; int rangeY = maxY - minY; int actualY = (arc4random() % rangeY) + minY; // Create the target slightly off-screen along the right edge, // and along a random position along the Y axis as calculated above target.position = ccp(winSize.width + (target.contentSize.width/2), actualY); [self addChild:target z:1]; // Determine speed of the target int minDuration = target.minMoveDuration; //2.0; int maxDuration = target.maxMoveDuration; //4.0; int rangeDuration = maxDuration - minDuration; int actualDuration = (arc4random() % rangeDuration) + minDuration; // Create the actions id actionMove = [CCMoveTo actionWithDuration:actualDuration position:ccp(-target.contentSize.width/2, actualY)]; id actionMoveDone = [CCCallFuncN actionWithTarget:self selector:@selector(spriteMoveFinished:)]; [target runAction:[CCSequence actions:actionMove, actionMoveDone, nil]]; // Add to targets array target.tag = 1; [_targets addObject:target]; } This code makes CCSprites move from the right side of the screen to the left. How could I change this to make the CCSprites to move from the top of the screen to the bottom?

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  • Why do we use the Pythagorean theorem in game physics?

    - by Starkers
    I've recently learned that we use Pythagorean theorem a lot in our physics calculations and I'm afraid I don't really get the point. Here's an example from a book to make sure an object doesn't travel faster than a MAXIMUM_VELOCITY constant in the horizontal plane: MAXIMUM_VELOCITY = <any number>; SQUARED_MAXIMUM_VELOCITY = MAXIMUM_VELOCITY * MAXIMUM_VELOCITY; function animate(){ var squared_horizontal_velocity = (x_velocity * x_velocity) + (z_velocity * z_velocity); if( squared_horizontal_velocity <= SQUARED_MAXIMUM_VELOCITY ){ scalar = squared_horizontal_velocity / SQUARED_MAXIMUM_VELOCITY; x_velocity = x_velocity / scalar; z_velocity = x_velocity / scalar; } } Let's try this with some numbers: An object is attempting to move 5 units in x and 5 units in z. It should only be able to move 5 units horizontally in total! MAXIMUM_VELOCITY = 5; SQUARED_MAXIMUM_VELOCITY = 5 * 5; SQUARED_MAXIMUM_VELOCITY = 25; function animate(){ var x_velocity = 5; var z_velocity = 5; var squared_horizontal_velocity = (x_velocity * x_velocity) + (z_velocity * z_velocity); var squared_horizontal_velocity = 5 * 5 + 5 * 5; var squared_horizontal_velocity = 25 + 25; var squared_horizontal_velocity = 50; // if( squared_horizontal_velocity <= SQUARED_MAXIMUM_VELOCITY ){ if( 50 <= 25 ){ scalar = squared_horizontal_velocity / SQUARED_MAXIMUM_VELOCITY; scalar = 50 / 25; scalar = 2.0; x_velocity = x_velocity / scalar; x_velocity = 5 / 2.0; x_velocity = 2.5; z_velocity = z_velocity / scalar; z_velocity = 5 / 2.0; z_velocity = 2.5; // new_horizontal_velocity = x_velocity + z_velocity // new_horizontal_velocity = 2.5 + 2.5 // new_horizontal_velocity = 5 } } Now this works well, but we can do the same thing without Pythagoras: MAXIMUM_VELOCITY = 5; function animate(){ var x_velocity = 5; var z_velocity = 5; var horizontal_velocity = x_velocity + z_velocity; var horizontal_velocity = 5 + 5; var horizontal_velocity = 10; // if( horizontal_velocity >= MAXIMUM_VELOCITY ){ if( 10 >= 5 ){ scalar = horizontal_velocity / MAXIMUM_VELOCITY; scalar = 10 / 5; scalar = 2.0; x_velocity = x_velocity / scalar; x_velocity = 5 / 2.0; x_velocity = 2.5; z_velocity = z_velocity / scalar; z_velocity = 5 / 2.0; z_velocity = 2.5; // new_horizontal_velocity = x_velocity + z_velocity // new_horizontal_velocity = 2.5 + 2.5 // new_horizontal_velocity = 5 } } Benefits of doing it without Pythagoras: Less lines Within those lines, it's easier to read what's going on ...and it takes less time to compute, as there are less multiplications Seems to me like computers and humans get a better deal without Pythagorean theorem! However, I'm sure I'm wrong as I've seen Pythagoras' theorem in a number of reputable places, so I'd like someone to explain me the benefit of using Pythagorean theorem to a maths newbie. Does this have anything to do with unit vectors? To me a unit vector is when we normalize a vector and turn it into a fraction. We do this by dividing the vector by a larger constant. I'm not sure what constant it is. The total size of the graph? Anyway, because it's a fraction, I take it, a unit vector is basically a graph that can fit inside a 3D grid with the x-axis running from -1 to 1, z-axis running from -1 to 1, and the y-axis running from -1 to 1. That's literally everything I know about unit vectors... not much :P And I fail to see their usefulness. Also, we're not really creating a unit vector in the above examples. Should I be determining the scalar like this: // a mathematical work-around of my own invention. There may be a cleverer way to do this! I've also made up my own terms such as 'divisive_scalar' so don't bother googling var divisive_scalar = (squared_horizontal_velocity / SQUARED_MAXIMUM_VELOCITY); var divisive_scalar = ( 50 / 25 ); var divisive_scalar = 2; var multiplicative_scalar = (divisive_scalar / (2*divisive_scalar)); var multiplicative_scalar = (2 / (2*2)); var multiplicative_scalar = (2 / 4); var multiplicative_scalar = 0.5; x_velocity = x_velocity * multiplicative_scalar x_velocity = 5 * 0.5 x_velocity = 2.5 Again, I can't see why this is better, but it's more "unit-vector-y" because the multiplicative_scalar is a unit_vector? As you can see, I use words such as "unit-vector-y" so I'm really not a maths whiz! Also aware that unit vectors might have nothing to do with Pythagorean theorem so ignore all of this if I'm barking up the wrong tree. I'm a very visual person (3D modeller and concept artist by trade!) and I find diagrams and graphs really, really helpful so as many as humanely possible please!

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  • In MMO game, how to handle user characters, who are offline?

    - by Deele
    In my medieval MMO game, players have their own character, that represents themselves inside game. Like a King. Players could have cities and armies, but King acts as main driving force. Then it comes to player, going offline/vacation/disconnect. How to deal with "offline King", to keep some sort of reality in game, without ruining everything for player. I have never liked unrealistic stuff in games, like appearing/dissapearing from thin air, like in WoW or other MMO RPG's, when it comes to connect/disconnect, like in Matrix movie, when you are disconnected, your "avatar" inside the system just vaninshes. Ok, if player char stays where it was left, other players who are online could kick his ass like offline player char was frozen? I see only one solution - give player char, while offline, some sort of AI, that controls char. Is there any other solutions? May be, some sort of legend/story, could make users only as inner-voice, leaving King just passively controlled by user, or other stuff... Please, help! I hope you understand my question.

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  • Draw Cards and Eliminate Cards Problem

    - by Jen
    I am having a problem in this question. I want a system inside a game wherein the player draws 2 cards randomly, and the enemy draws 2 cards randomly. Then, what the program does is to print out to the console the cards the player draw and the enemy's. The cards should not conflict and must not be the same. Then lastly, the program prints out the card that was not drawn by both the player and the enemy. Here's how I did it but it was lengthy and full of errors: import java.util.Random; public class Draw { public static Random random = new Random(); public static String cards[] = {"Hall", "Kitchen", "Billiard", "Study", "Pool"}; public static int playercounter; public static int enemycounter; public static String playercardA = null; public static String playercardB = null; public static String enemycardA = null; public static String enemycardB = null; public String lastcard = null; public static void playercardAdraw() { playercounter = random.nextInt(5); playercardA = cards[playercounter]; } public static void playercardBdraw() { playercounter=random.nextInt(5); playercardB= cards[playercounter]; if (playercardB==playercardA || playercardB == enemycardA || playercardB == enemycardB) { return; } } public static void enemycardAdraw () { enemycounter = random.nextInt(5); enemycardA=cards[enemycounter]; if (enemycardA == playercardA || enemycardA == playercardB) { return; } } public static void enemycardBdraw () { enemycounter = random.nextInt(5); enemycardB=cards[enemycounter]; if (enemycardB == playercardA || enemycardB == playercardB || enemycardB == enemycardA) { return; } } public static void main (String args []) { System.out.println("Starting to draw..."); System.out.println("Player's Turn: "); playercardAdraw(); System.out.println("Player's first card: " + playercardA); playercardBdraw(); System.out.println("Player's second card: " + playercardB); System.out.println("Enemy's Turn: "); enemycardAdraw(); System.out.println("Enemy's first card: " + enemycardA); enemycardBdraw(); System.out.println("Enemy's Second card: " + enemycardB); } }

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  • Why my collision detection is not accurate?

    - by optimisez
    After trying and trying, I still cannot understand why the leg of character exceeds the wall but no clipping issue when I hit the wall from below. How should I fix it to make him standstill on the wall? void initPlayer() { // Create texture. hr = D3DXCreateTextureFromFileEx(d3dDevice, "player.png", 169, 44, D3DX_DEFAULT, NULL, D3DFMT_A8R8G8B8, D3DPOOL_MANAGED, D3DX_DEFAULT, D3DX_DEFAULT, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255, 255, 255), NULL, NULL, &player); playerRect.left = playerRect.top = 0; playerRect.right = 29; playerRect.bottom = 36; playerDest.X = 0; playerDest.Y = 564; playerDest.length = playerRect.right - playerRect.left; playerDest.height = playerRect.bottom - playerRect.top; } void initBox() { hr = D3DXCreateTextureFromFileEx(d3dDevice, "brock.png", 330, 132, D3DX_DEFAULT, NULL, D3DFMT_A8R8G8B8, D3DPOOL_MANAGED, D3DX_DEFAULT, D3DX_DEFAULT, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255, 255, 255), NULL, NULL, &box); boxRect.left = 33; boxRect.top = 0; boxRect.right = 63; boxRect.bottom = 30; boxDest.X = boxDest.Y = 300; boxDest.length = boxRect.right - boxRect.left; boxDest.height = boxRect.bottom - boxRect.top; } bool spriteCollide(Entity player, Entity target) { float left1, left2; float right1, right2; float top1, top2; float bottom1, bottom2; left1 = player.X; left2 = target.X; right1 = player.X + player.length; right2 = target.X + target.length; top1 = player.Y; top2 = target.Y; bottom1 = player.Y + player.height; bottom2 = target.Y + target.height; if (bottom1 < top2) return false; if (top1 > bottom2) return false; if (right1 < left2) return false; if (left1 > right2) return false; return true; } void collideWithBox() { if ( spriteCollide(playerDest, boxDest) && keyArr[VK_UP]) //playerDest.Y += 50; playerDest.Y = boxDest.Y + boxDest.height; else if ( spriteCollide(playerDest, boxDest) && !keyArr[VK_UP]) playerDest.Y = boxDest.Y - boxDest.height; }

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  • Connecting 2 Vertices in 3DS Max?

    - by Reanimation
    How do you connect two vertices in 3DS Max 2013? I have two vertices which I wish to connect with a line to create an edge. (actually several) I have tried all I can think and done several Google searches but it only comes up with older versions method which say use the "connect" button... But I can't find the connect button on my version (see below) This is what my menu looks like: These are the vertices I'm trying to connect: Basically, I've edited an STL file and deleted some edges and vertices. Now I want to fill the gaps and triangulate what's left. Thanks.

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  • Help with Strategy-game AI

    - by f20k
    Hi, I am developing a strategy-game AI (think: Final Fantasy Tactics), and I am having trouble coming up for the design of the AI. My main problem is determining which is the optimal thing for it to do. First let me describe the priority of what action I would like the AI to take: Kill nearest player unit Fulfill primary directive (kill all player units, kill target unit, survive for x turns) Heal ally unit / cast buffer Now the AI can do the following in its turn: Move - {Attack / Ability / Item} (either attack or ability or item) {Attack / Ability / Item} - Move Move closer (if targets not in range) {Attack / Ability / Item} (if move not available) Notes Abilities have various ranges / effects / costs / effects. Each ai unit has maybe 5-10 abilities to choose from. The AI will prioritize killing over safety unless its directive is to survive for x turns. It also doesn't care about ability cost much. While a player may want to save a big spell for later, the AI will most likely use it asap. Movement is on a (hex) grid num of player units: 3-6 num of ai units: 3-7 or more. Probably max 10. AI and player take turns controlling ONE unit, instead of all at the same time. Platform is Android (if program doesnt respond after some time, there will be a popup saying to Force Quit or Wait - which looks really bad!). Now comes the questions: The best ability to use would obviously be the one that hits the most targets for the most damage. But since each ability has different ranges, I won't know if they are in range without exploring each possible place I can move to. One solution would be to go through each possible places to move to, determine the optimal attack at that location - which gives me a list of optimal moves for each location. Then choose the optimal out of the list and execute it. But this will take a lot of CPU time. Is there a better solution? My current idea is to move as close as possible towards the closest, largest group of people, and determine the optimal attack/ability from there. I think this would be a lot less work for the CPU and still allow for wide-range attacks. Its sub-optimal but the AI will still seem 'smart'. Other notes/questions: Am I over-thinking/over-complicating it? Better solution? I am open to all sorts of suggestions I have taken a look at the spell-casting question, but it doesn't take into account the movement - so perhaps use that algo for each possible move location? The top answer mentioned it wasn't great for area-of-effect and group fights - so maybe requires more tweaking? Please, if you mention a graph/tree, let me know basically how to use it. E.g. Node means ability, level corresponds to damage, then search for the deepest node.

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  • Game Editor - When screen is clicked, how do you identify which object that is clicked?

    - by Deukalion
    I'm trying to create a Game Editor, currently just placing different types of Shapes and such. I'm doing this in Windows Forms while drawing the 3D with XNA. So, if I have a couple of Shapes on the screen and I click the screen I want to be able to identify "which" of these objects you clicked. What is the best method for this? Since having two objects one behind the other, it should be able to recognize the one in front and not the one behind it and also if I rotate the camera and click on the one behind it - it should identify it and not the first one. Are there any smart ways to go about this?

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  • Getting a texture from a renderbuffer in OpenGL?

    - by Rushyo
    I've got a renderbuffer (DepthStencil) in an FBO and I need to get a texture from it. I can't have both a DepthComponent texture and a DepthStencil renderbuffer in the FBO, it seems, so I need some way to convert the renderbuffer to a DepthComponent texture after I'm done with it for use later down the pipeline. I've tried plenty of techniques to grab the depth component from the renderbuffer for weeks but I always come out with junk. All I want at the end is the same texture I'd get from an FBO if I wasn't using a renderbuffer. Can anyone post some comprehensive instructions or code that covers this seemingly simple operation? EDIT: Linky to an extract version of the code http://dl.dropbox.com/u/9279501/fbo.cs Screeny of the Depth of Field effect + FBO - without depth(!) http://i.stack.imgur.com/Hj9Oe.jpg Screeny without Depth of Field effect + FBO - depth working fine http://i.stack.imgur.com/boOm1.jpg

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  • Contricted A* problem

    - by Ragekit
    I've got a little problem with an A* algorithm that I need to constrict a little bit. Basically : I use an A* to find the shortest path between 2 randomly placed room in 3D space, and then build a corridor between them. The problem I found is that sometimes it makes chimney like corridors that are not ideal, so I constrict the A* so that if the last movement was up or down, you go sideways. Everything is fine, but in some corner cases, it fails to find a path (when there is obviously one). Like here between the blue and red dot : (i'm in unity btw, but i don't think it matters) Here is the code of the actual A* (a bit long, and some redundency) while(current != goal) { //add stair up / stair down foreach(Node<GridUnit> test in current.Neighbors) { if(!test.Data.empty && test != goal) continue; //bug at arrival; if(test == goal && penul !=null) { Vector3 currentDiff = current.Data.bounds.center - test.Data.bounds.center; if(!Mathf.Approximately(currentDiff.y,0)) { //wanna drop on the last if(!coplanar(test.Data.bounds.center,current.Data.bounds.center,current.Data.parentUnit.bounds.center,to.Data.bounds.center)) { continue; } else { if(Mathf.Approximately(to.Data.bounds.center.x, current.Data.parentUnit.bounds.center.x) && Mathf.Approximately(to.Data.bounds.center.z, current.Data.parentUnit.bounds.center.z)) { continue; } } } } if(current.Data.parentUnit != null) { Vector3 previousDiff = current.Data.parentUnit.bounds.center - current.Data.bounds.center; Vector3 currentDiff = current.Data.bounds.center - test.Data.bounds.center; if(!Mathf.Approximately(previousDiff.y,0)) { if(!Mathf.Approximately(currentDiff.y,0)) { //you wanna drop now : continue; } if(current.Data.parentUnit.parentUnit != null) { if(!coplanar(test.Data.bounds.center,current.Data.bounds.center,current.Data.parentUnit.bounds.center,current.Data.parentUnit.parentUnit.bounds.center)) { continue; }else { if(Mathf.Approximately(test.Data.bounds.center.x, current.Data.parentUnit.parentUnit.bounds.center.x) && Mathf.Approximately(test.Data.bounds.center.z, current.Data.parentUnit.parentUnit.bounds.center.z)) { continue; } } } } } g = current.Data.g + HEURISTIC(current.Data,test.Data); h = HEURISTIC(test.Data,goal.Data); f = g + h; if(open.Contains(test) || closed.Contains(test)) { if(test.Data.f > f) { //found a shorter path going passing through that point test.Data.f = f; test.Data.g = g; test.Data.h = h; test.Data.parentUnit = current.Data; } } else { //jamais rencontré test.Data.f = f; test.Data.h = h; test.Data.g = g; test.Data.parentUnit = current.Data; open.Add(test); } } closed.Add (current); if(open.Count == 0) { Debug.Log("nothingfound"); //nothing more to test no path found, stay to from; List<GridUnit> r = new List<GridUnit>(); r.Add(from.Data); return r; } //sort open from small to biggest travel cost open.Sort(delegate(Node<GridUnit> x, Node<GridUnit> y) { return (int)(x.Data.f-y.Data.f); }); //get the smallest travel cost node; Node<GridUnit> smallest = open[0]; current = smallest; open.RemoveAt(0); } //build the path going backward; List<GridUnit> ret = new List<GridUnit>(); if(penul != null) { ret.Insert(0,to.Data); } GridUnit cur = goal.Data; ret.Insert(0,cur); do{ cur = cur.parentUnit; ret.Insert(0,cur); } while(cur != from.Data); return ret; You see at the start of the foreach i constrict the A* like i said. If you have any insight it would be cool. Thanks

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  • Color Picking Troubles - LWJGL/OpenGL

    - by Tom Johnson
    I'm attempting to check which object the user is hovering over. While everything seems to be just how I'd think it should be, I'm not able to get the correct color due to the second time I draw (without picking colors). Here is my rendering code: public void render() { glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); glLoadIdentity(); camera.applyTranslations(); scene.pick(); glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); glLoadIdentity(); camera.applyTranslations(); scene.render(); } And here is what gets called on each block/tile on "scene.pick()": public void pick() { glColor3ub((byte) pickingColor.x, (byte) pickingColor.y, (byte) pickingColor.z); draw(); glReadBuffer(GL_FRONT); ByteBuffer buffer = BufferUtils.createByteBuffer(4); glReadPixels(Mouse.getX(), Mouse.getY(), 1, 1, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, buffer); int r = buffer.get(0) & 0xFF; int g = buffer.get(1) & 0xFF; int b = buffer.get(2) & 0xFF; if(r == pickingColor.x && g == pickingColor.y && b == pickingColor.z) { hovered = true; } else { hovered = false; } } I believe the problem is that in the method of each tile/block called by scene.pick(), it is reading the color from the regular drawing state, after that method is called somehow. I believe this because when I remove the "glReadBuffer(GL_FRONT)" line from the pick method, it seems to almost fix it, but then it will also select blocks behind the one you are hovering as it is not only looking at the front. If you have any ideas of what to do, please be sure to reply!/ EDIT: Adding scene.render(), tile.render(), and tile.draw() scene.render: public void render() { for(int x = 0; x < tiles.length; x++) { for(int z = 0; z < tiles.length; z++) { tiles[x][z].render(); } } } tile.render: public void render() { glColor3f(color.x, color.y, color.z); draw(); if(hovered) { glColor3f(1, 1, 1); glPolygonMode(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_LINE); draw(); glPolygonMode(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_FILL); } } tile.draw: public void draw() { float x = position.x, y = position.y, z = position.z; //Top glBegin(GL_QUADS); glVertex3f(x, y + size, z); glVertex3f(x + size, y + size, z); glVertex3f(x + size, y + size, z + size); glVertex3f(x, y + size, z + size); glEnd(); //Left glBegin(GL_QUADS); glVertex3f(x, y, z); glVertex3f(x + size, y, z); glVertex3f(x + size, y + size, z); glVertex3f(x, y + size, z); glEnd(); //Right glBegin(GL_QUADS); glVertex3f(x + size, y, z); glVertex3f(x + size, y + size, z); glVertex3f(x + size, y + size, z + size); glVertex3f(x + size, y, z + size); glEnd(); } (The game is like an isometric game. That's why I only draw 3 faces.)

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  • What time to display in text messages in multiplayer game?

    - by Krom Stern
    Say I'm having a multiplayer RTS game. There's a main server for each individual game and several clients connected to it. All packets are sent to server first and then server retransmits them back to clients. Say Server is located in one time-zone and all of the clients are in different time-zones. ClientA send a text message in chat at 12:03, what times should be stamped for other clients? Should his message be uniformely timestamped by Server (12:02) or each client should timestamp the message whenever it is recieved (12:04, 16:04, 03:03, etc..). Bear in mind, that all the messages are to be in the same order on all clients, server takes care of that. So thats the question - use local time for each client or use global server time to timestamp chat messages?

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  • How to shift a vector based on the rotation of another vector?

    - by bpierre
    I’m learning 2D programming, so excuse my approximations, and please, don’t hesitate to correct me. I am just trying to fire a bullet from a player. I’m using HTML canvas (top left origin). Here is a representation of my problem: The black vector represent the position of the player (the grey square). The green vector represent its direction. The red disc represents the target. The red vector represents the direction of a bullet, which will move in the direction of the target (red and dotted line). The blue cross represents the point from where I really want to fire the bullet (and the blue and dotted line represents its movement). This is how I draw the player (this is the player object. Position, direction and dimensions are 2D vectors): ctx.save(); ctx.translate(this.position.x, this.position.y); ctx.rotate(this.direction.getAngle()); ctx.drawImage(this.image, Math.round(-this.dimensions.x/2), Math.round(-this.dimensions.y/2), this.dimensions.x, this.dimensions.y); ctx.restore(); This is how I instanciate a new bullet: var bulletPosition = playerPosition.clone(); // Copy of the player position var bulletDirection = Vector2D.substract(targetPosition, playerPosition).normalize(); // Difference between the player and the target, normalized new Bullet(bulletPosition, bulletDirection); This is how I move the bullet (this is the bullet object): var speed = 5; this.position.add(Vector2D.multiply(this.direction, speed)); And this is how I draw the bullet (this is the bullet object): ctx.save(); ctx.translate(this.position.x, this.position.y); ctx.rotate(this.direction.getAngle()); ctx.fillRect(0, 0, 3, 3); ctx.restore(); How can I change the direction and position vectors of the bullet to ensure it is on the blue dotted line? I think I should represent the shift with a vector, but I can’t see how to use it.

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  • Selection of a mesh with arbitrary region

    - by Tigran
    Considering example: I have a mesh(es) on the OpenGL screen and would like to select a part of it (say for delete purpose). There is a clear way to do the selction via Ray Tracing, or via Selection provided by OpenGL itself. But, for my users, considering that meshes can get wired surfaces, I need to implement a selection via a Arbitrary closed region, so all triangles that appears present inside that region has to be selected. To be more clear, here is screen shot: I want all triangles inside black polygon to be selected, identified, whatever in some way. How can I achieve that ?

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  • Understanding dot notation

    - by Starkers
    Here's my interpretation of dot notation: a = [2,6] b = [1,4] c = [0,8] a . b . c = (2*6)+(1*4)+(0*8) = 12 + 4 + 0 = 16 What is the significance of 16? Apparently it's a scalar. Am I right in thinking that a scalar is the number we times a unit vector by to get a vector that has a scaled up magnitude but the same direction as the unit vector? So again, what is the relevance of 16? When is it used? It's not the magnitude of all the vectors added up. The magnitude of all of them is calculated as follows: sqrt( ax * ax + ay * ay ) + sqrt( bx * bx + by * by ) + sqrt( cx * cx + cy * cy) sqrt( 2 * 2 + 6 * 6 ) + sqrt( 1 * 1 + 4 * 4 ) + sqrt( 0 * 0 + 8 * 8) sqrt( 4 + 36 ) + sqrt( 1 + 16 ) + sqrt( 0 + 64) sqrt( 40 ) + sqrt( 17 ) + sqrt( 64) 6.3 + 4.1 + 8 10.4 + 8 18.4 So I don't really get this diagram: Attempting with sensible numbers: a = [1,0] b = [4,3] a . b = (1*0) + (4*3) = 0 + 12 = 12 So what exactly is a . b describing here? The magnitude of that vector? Because that isn't right: the 'a.b' vector = [4,0] sqrt( x*x + y*y ) sqrt( 4*4 + 0*0 ) sqrt( 16 + 0 ) 4 So what is 12 describing?

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  • Passing an objects rotation down through its children

    - by MintyAnt
    In my topdown 2d game you have a player with a sword, like an old Zelda game. The sword is a seperate entity, and its collision box "rotates" around the player like an orbit, but always follows the player wherever he goes. The player and sword both have a vector2 heading. The sword is a weapon object that is attached to the character. In order to allow swinging in a direction, I have the following property inside sword (RotateCopy returns a copy of the mHeading after rotation) public Vector2 Heading { get { return mHeading.RotateCopy(mOwner.Rotation); } } This seems a bit messy to me, and slower than it could be. Is there a better way to "translate" the base/owner component rotations through to whatever component I am using, like this sword? Would using a rotation MATRIX be better? (Curretnly rotates by sin/cos) If so, how can I "add" up the matrices? Thank you.

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