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• Tomcat reporting 404 error on all of newly deployed WAR files?

  - by dacracot

  I deployed a WAR file into $TOMCAT_HOME/webapps by copying the file into the directory, just like I've done a thousand times before. Tomcat detects the WAR and inflates it. I can traverse the directory tree on my server at the command line (it's Fedora). But when I address the webapp within my client machine's browser, I get nothing but 404 errors. This has happened to the last two deployments of completely separate WARs. The first was a replacement of an existing WAR. I first deleted the WAR and its inflated directory, and then copied in the WAR which inflated... 404. I deleted everything again, put back the previously working WAR from backup. It inflated and worked. The second was a completely new, never before deployed WAR... nothing but 404. Other WARs are working, but now I'm afraid to change anything until I know what is going on. Any clues? Edit: From my comment you can see that the logs included "SEVERE: Error listenerStart" after the WAR was deployed by Tomcat. There were no stack traces or other errors reported.

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• The algorithm used to generate recommendations in Google News?

  - by Siddhant

  Hi everyone. I'm study recommendation engines, and I went through the paper that defines how Google News generates recommendations to users for news items which might be of their interest, based on collaborative filtering. One interesting technique that they mention is Minhashing. I went through what it does, but I'm pretty sure that what I have is a fuzzy idea and there is a strong chance that I'm wrong. The following is what I could make out of it :- Collect a set of all news items. Define a hash function for a user. This hash function returns the index of the first item from the news items which this user viewed, in the list of all news items. Collect, say "n" number of such values, and represent a user with this list of values. Based on the similarity count between these lists, we can calculate the similarity between users as the number of common items. This reduces the number of comparisons a lot. Based on these similarity measures, group users into different clusters. This is just what I think it might be. In Step 2, instead of defining a constant hash function, it might be possible that we vary the hash function in a way that it returns the index of a different element. So one hash function could return the index of the first element from the user's list, another hash function could return the index of the second element from the user's list, and so on. So the nature of the hash function satisfying the minwise independent permutations condition, this does sound like a possible approach. Could anyone please confirm if what I think is correct? Or the minhashing portion of Google News Recommendations, functions in some other way? I'm new to internal implementations of recommendations. Any help is appreciated a lot. Thanks!

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• exec problem in sql 2005

  - by IordanTanev

  Hi, i have the situation where i have two databases whith same structure. The first have some data in its datatables. I need to create a script that will transfer the data from the first database to the second. I have created this script. DECLARE @table_name nvarchar(MAX), @query nvarchar(MAX) DECLARE @table_cursor CURSOR SET @table_cursor = CURSOR FAST_FORWARD FOR Select TABLE_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES OPEN @table_cursor FETCH NEXT FROM @table_cursor INTO @table_name WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0 BEGIN SET @query = 'INSERT INTO ' + @table_name + ' SELECT * FROM MyDataBase.dbo.' + @table_name print @query exec @query FETCH NEXT FROM @table_cursor INTO @table_name END CLOSE @table_cursor DEALLOCATE @table_cursor The problem is that when i run th script the "print @query" statement prints statement like this INSERT INTO table SELECT * FROM MyDataBase.dbo.table When i copy this and run it from Management studio it works fine. But when the script trys to run it with exec i get this error Msg 911, Level 16, State 1, Line 21 Could not locate entry in sysdatabases for database 'INSERT INTO table SELECT * FROM MPDEV090314'. No entry found with that name. Make sure that the name is entered correctly. Hope someone can tell me whot is wront with this. Best Regards, Iordan Tanev

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• RFC: Whitespace's Assembly Mnemonics

  - by Noctis Skytower

  Request For Comment regarding Whitespace's Assembly Mnemonics What follows in a first generation attempt at creating mnemonics for a whitespace assembly language. STACK ===== push number copy copy number swap away away number MATH ==== add sub mul div mod HEAP ==== set get FLOW ==== part label call label goto label zero label less label back exit I/O === ochr oint ichr iint In the interest of making improvements to this small and simple instruction set, this is a second attempt. hold N Push the number onto the stack copy Duplicate the top item on the stack copy N Copy the nth item on the stack (given by the argument) onto the top of the stack swap Swap the top two items on the stack drop Discard the top item on the stack drop N Slide n items off the stack, keeping the top item add Addition sub Subtraction mul Multiplication div Integer Division mod Modulo save Store load Retrieve L: Mark a location in the program call L Call a subroutine goto L Jump unconditionally to a label if=0 L Jump to a label if the top of the stack is zero if<0 L Jump to a label if the top of the stack is negative return End a subroutine and transfer control back to the caller exit End the program print chr Output the character at the top of the stack print int Output the number at the top of the stack input chr Read a character and place it in the location given by the top of the stack input int Read a number and place it in the location given by the top of the stack What is the general consensus on the following revised list for Whitespace's assembly instructions? They definitely come from thinking outside of the box and trying to come up with a better mnemonic set than last time. When the previous python interpreter was written, it was completed over two contiguous, rushed evenings. This rewrite deserves significantly more time now that it is the summer. Of course, the next version of Whitespace (0.4) may have its instructions revised even more, but this is just a redesign of what originally was done in a few hours. Hopefully, the instructions make more sense to those new to programming jargon.

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• How to pass parameters to manage_shared_memory.construct() in Boost.Interprocess

  - by recipriversexclusion

  I've stared at the Boost.Interprocess documentation for hours but still haven't been able to figure this out. In the doc, they have an example of creating a vector in shared memory like so: //Define an STL compatible allocator of ints that allocates from the managed_shared_memory. //This allocator will allow placing containers in the segment typedef allocator<int, managed_shared_memory::segment_manager> ShmemAllocator; //Alias a vector that uses the previous STL-like allocator so that allocates //its values from the segment typedef vector<int, ShmemAllocator> MyVector; int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { //Create a new segment with given name and size managed_shared_memory segment(create_only, "MySharedMemory", 65536); //Initialize shared memory STL-compatible allocator const ShmemAllocator alloc_inst (segment.get_segment_manager()); //Construct a vector named "MyVector" in shared memory with argument alloc_inst MyVector *myvector = segment.construct<MyVector>("MyVector")(alloc_inst); Now, I understand this. What I'm stuck is how to pass a second parameter to segment.construct() to specify the number of elements. The interprocess document gives the prototype for construct() as MyType *ptr = managed_memory_segment.construct<MyType>("Name") (par1, par2...); but when I try MyVector *myvector = segment.construct<MyVector>("MyVector")(100, alloc_inst); I get compilation errors. My questions are: Who actually gets passed the parameters par1, par2 from segment.construct, the constructor of the object, e.g. vector? My understanding is that the template allocator parameter is being passed. Is that correct? How can I add another parameter, in addition to alloc_inst that is required by the constructor of the object being created in shared memory? There's very little information other than the terse Boost docs on this.

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• Nusphere PHPEd: PHP Function Hints Lost Arguments?

  - by Eli

  Hi All, My PHPEd suddenly stopped showing arguments and arg order in the hints, and now just shows a basic description of the function. Before I go digging around in the config files, has anyone else had this problem? Thanks! Edit: Sorry, I may not have been entirely clear on this. There is no problem with my own classes, only with the actual php functions. Example: How it used to work: I type a PHP function, say strpos. As soon as I type the '(' at the end of it, I get the little yellow box, showing something like this: int strpos ( string $haystack , mixed $needle [, int $offset=0 ] ) with the first argument bold. If I type it, and then a comma, it bolds the second arg, and so on. This is really nice, since PHP functions are a bit scrambled as far as argument order, and I don't have to look them up every time. How it works now: I type a php function, say strpos. As soon as I type the '(' at the end of it, I get the little yellow box. It says something like "strpos - Returns the numeric position of the first occurrence of needle in the haystack string." There are no arguments shown, which makes the little box basically worthless - I know what strpos does, I just want a reminder of the argument order. I think this may be a problem with the included PHPDoc, which I never use, but may be the source of the data for the hint box. I did recently upgrade to 5.6, but ended up removing it and restoring 5.2. I installed to a different folder, and uninstalled from there, but it may have overwritten something in the original folder? I'm using v5.2 (5220). Thanks!

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• How do ASP.NET MVC Routes work?

  - by Pure.Krome

  Hi folks, imagine i have the following route setup... public static void RegisterRoutes(RouteCollection routes) { routes.IgnoreRoute("{resource}.axd/{*pathInfo}"); routes.MapRoute( "Default", "{controller}/{action}/{id}", new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = "" } ); // Added custom route here! routes.MapRoute( "CatchAll", "{*catchall}," new { controller = "Error", action = "NotFound" } ); } nothing new - that's the default ASP.NET MVC1 RegisterRoutes method, with one custom route added. Now, if I goto the following url, i get a 404... http://whatever/Home/MissingActionMethod So there's no ActionMethod called MissingActionMethod in the HomeController. So, does this mean, if i goto the 1st route defined, above .. and fail to find an action .. do I then come back and try the second route? rinse-repeat? Or once i match a route, i then try and execute that route .. and if i fail (ie, find the action is missing) .. then .. bad luck? boomski? cheers!

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• Does NULL and nil are equal?

  - by monish

  Hi Guys, Actually my question here is does Null and nil are equal or not? I had an Example but I am confused when they are equal when they are not. NSNull *nullValue = [NSNull null]; NSArray *arrayWithNull = [NSArray arrayWithObject:nullValue]; NSLog(@"arrayWithNull: %@", arrayWithNull); id aValue = [arrayWithNull objectAtIndex:0]; if (aValue == nil) { NSLog(@"equals nil"); } else if (aValue == [NSNull null]) { NSLog(@"equals NSNull instance"); if ([aValue isEqual:nil]) { NSLog(@"isEqual:nil"); } } Here in the above case it shows that both Null and nil are not equal and it displays "equals NSNull instance" NSString *str=NULL; id str1=nil; if(str1 == str) { printf("\n IS EQUAL........"); } else { printf("\n NOT EQUAL........"); } And in the second case it shows both are equal and it displays "IS EQUAL". Anyone's help will be much appreciated. Thank you, Monish.

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• forks in C - exercise

  - by Zka

  I try to repeat and learn more advanced uses and options when cutting trees with forks in the jungle of C. But foolishly I find an example which should be very easy as I have worked with forks before and even written some code, but i can't understand it fully. Here comes : main() { if (fork() == 0) { if (fork() == 0) { printf("3"); } else if ((wait(NULL)) > 0) { printf("2"); } } else { if (fork() == 0) { printf("1"); exit(0); } if (fork() == 0) { printf("4"); } } printf("0"); return 0; } Possible solutions are : 3201040 3104200 1040302 4321000 4030201 1403020 where 2, 5 and 6 are correct answers. First of all, shouldn't there be four zeroes in the output? Second... How does one come to the solution at all? Been doing this on paper for almost an hour and I'm not even close to understanding why the given solution are more correct than the false ones (except for nr3 as it can't end with 2 since a 0 must follow). Anyone with his forks in check who can offer some good explanation?

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• PHPUnit - multiple stubs of same class

  - by keithjgrant

  I'm building unit tests for class Foo, and I'm fairly new to unit testing. A key component of my class is an instance of BarCollection which contains a number of Bar objects. One method in Foo iterates through the collection and calls a couple methods on each Bar object in the collection. I want to use stub objects to generate a series of responses for my test class. How do I make the Bar stub class return different values as I iterate? I'm trying to do something along these lines: $stubs = array(); foreach ($array as $value) { $barStub->expects($this->any()) ->method('GetValue')) ->will($this->returnValue($value)); $stubs[] = $barStub; } // populate stubs into `Foo` // assert results from `Foo->someMethod()` So Foo->someMethod() will produce data based on the results it receives from the Bar objects. But this gives me the following error whenever the array is longer than one: There was 1 failure: 1) testMyTest(FooTest) with data set #2 (array(0.5, 0.5)) Expectation failed for method name is equal to <string:GetValue> when invoked zero or more times. Mocked method does not exist. /usr/share/php/PHPUnit/Framework/MockObject/Mock.php(193) : eval()'d code:25 One thought I had was to use ->will($this->returnCallback()) to invoke a callback method, but I don't know how to indicate to the callback which Bar object is making the call (and consequently what response to give). Another idea is to use the onConsecutiveCalls() method, or something like it, to tell my stub to return 1 the first time, 2 the second time, etc, but I'm not sure exactly how to do this. I'm also concerned that if my class ever does anything other than ordered iteration on the collection, I won't have a way to test it.

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• Passing Variable Length Arrays to a function

  - by David Bella

  I have a variable length array that I am trying to pass into a function. The function will shift the first value off and return it, and move the remaining values over to fill in the missing spot, putting, let's say, a -1 in the newly opened spot. I have no problem passing an array declared like so: int framelist[128]; shift(framelist); However, I would like to be able to use a VLA declared in this manner: int *framelist; framelist = malloc(size * sizeof(int)); shift(framelist); I can populate the arrays the same way outside the function call without issue, but as soon as I pass them into the shift function, the one declared in the first case works fine, but the one in the second case immediately gives a segmentation fault. Here is the code for the queue function, which doesn't do anything except try to grab the value from the first part of the array... int shift(int array[]) { int value = array[0]; return value; } Any ideas why it won't accept the VLA? I'm still new to C, so if I am doing something fundamentally wrong, let me know.

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• How do I efficiently write a "toggle database value" function in AJAX?

  - by AmbroseChapel

  Say I have a website which shows the user ten images and asks them to categorise each image by clicking on buttons. A button for "funny", a button for "scary", a button for "pretty" and so on. These buttons aren't exclusive. A picture can be both funny and scary. The user clicks the "funny" button. An AJAX request is sent off to the database to mark that image as funny. The "funny" button lights up, by assigning a class in the DOM to mark it as "on". But the user made a mistake. They meant to hit the next button over. They should click "funny" again to turn it off, right? At this point I'm not sure whats the most efficient way to proceed. The database knows that the "funny" flag is set, but it's inefficient to query the database every time a button is clicked to say, is this flag set or not, then go on with a second database call to toggle it. Should I infer the state of the database flag from the DOM, i.e. if that button has the class "on" then the flag must be set, and branch at that point? Or would it be better to have a data structure in Javascript in the page which duplicates the state of each image in the database, so that every time I set the database flag to true, I also set the value in the Javascript data to true and so on?

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• Best Practice - Removing item from generic collection in C#

  - by Matt Davis

  I'm using C# in Visual Studio 2008 with .NET 3.5. I have a generic dictionary that maps types of events to a generic list of subscribers. A subscriber can be subscribed to more than one event. private static Dictionary<EventType, List<ISubscriber>> _subscriptions; To remove a subscriber from the subscription list, I can use either of these two options. Option 1: ISubscriber subscriber; // defined elsewhere foreach (EventType event in _subscriptions.Keys) { if (_subscriptions[event].Contains(subscriber)) { _subscriptions[event].Remove(subscriber); } } Option 2: ISubscriber subscriber; // defined elsewhere foreach (EventType event in _subscriptions.Keys) { _subscriptions[event].Remove(subscriber); } I have two questions. First, notice that Option 1 checks for existence before removing the item, while Option 2 uses a brute force removal since Remove() does not throw an exception. Of these two, which is the preferred, "best-practice" way to do this? Second, is there another, "cleaner," more elegant way to do this, perhaps with a lambda expression or using a LINQ extension? I'm still getting acclimated to these two features. Thanks. EDIT Just to clarify, I realize that the choice between Options 1 and 2 is a choice of speed (Option 2) versus maintainability (Option 1). In this particular case, I'm not necessarily trying to optimize the code, although that is certainly a worthy consideration. What I'm trying to understand is if there is a generally well-established practice for doing this. If not, which option would you use in your own code?

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• Conditional macro expansion

  - by Dave DeLong

  Heads up: This is a weird question. I've got some really useful macros that I like to use to simplify some logging. For example I can do Log(@"My message with arguments: %@, %@, %@", @"arg1", @"arg2", @"arg3"), and that will get expanded into a more complex method invocation that includes things like self, _cmd, __FILE__, __LINE__, etc, so that I can easily track where things are getting logged. This works great. Now I'd like to expand my macros to not only work with Objective-C methods, but general C functions. The problem is the self and _cmd portions that are in the macro expansion. These two parameters don't exist in C functions. Ideally, I'd like to be able to use this same set of macros within C functions, but I'm running into problems. When I use (for example) my Log() macro, I get compiler warnings about self and _cmd being undeclared (which makes total sense). My first thought was to do something like the following (in my macro): if (thisFunctionIsACFunction) { DoLogging(nil, nil, format, ##__VA_ARGS__); } else { DoLogging(self, _cmd, format, ##__VA_ARGS__); } This still produces compiler warnings, since the entire if() statement is substituted in place of the macro, resulting in errors with the self and _cmd keywords (even though they will never be executed during function execution). My next thought was to do something like this (in my macro): if (thisFunctionIsACFunction) { #define SELF nil #define CMD nil } else { #define SELF self #define CMD _cmd } DoLogging(SELF, CMD, format, ##__VA_ARGS__); That doesn't work, unfortunately. I get "error: '#' is not followed by a macro parameter" on my first #define. My other thought was to create a second set of macros, specifically for use in C functions. This reeks of a bad code smell, and I really don't want to do this. Is there some way I can use the same set of macros from within both Objective-C methods and C functions, and only reference self and _cmd if the macro is in an Objective-C method?

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• Why does ANTLR not parse the entire input?

  - by Martin Wiboe

  Hello, I am quite new to ANTLR, so this is likely a simple question. I have defined a simple grammar which is supposed to include arithmetic expressions with numbers and identifiers (strings that start with a letter and continue with one or more letters or numbers.) The grammar looks as follows: grammar while; @lexer::header { package ConFreeG; } @header { package ConFreeG; import ConFreeG.IR.*; } @parser::members { } arith: term | '(' arith ( '-' | '+' | '*' ) arith ')' ; term returns [AExpr a]: NUM { int n = Integer.parseInt($NUM.text); a = new Num(n); } | IDENT { a = new Var($IDENT.text); } ; fragment LOWER : ('a'..'z'); fragment UPPER : ('A'..'Z'); fragment NONNULL : ('1'..'9'); fragment NUMBER : ('0' | NONNULL); IDENT : ( LOWER | UPPER ) ( LOWER | UPPER | NUMBER )*; NUM : '0' | NONNULL NUMBER*; fragment NEWLINE:'\r'? '\n'; WHITESPACE : ( ' ' | '\t' | NEWLINE )+ { $channel=HIDDEN; }; I am using ANTLR v3 with the ANTLR IDE Eclipse plugin. When I parse the expression (8 + a45) using the interpreter, only part of the parse tree is generated: http://imgur.com/iBaEC.png Why does the second term (a45) not get parsed? The same happens if both terms are numbers. Thank you, Martin Wiboe

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• Why function Ellipse(...) are needed twice here to draw an ellipse?

  - by John Son

  MFC: I read this code which is to draw an ellipse (not solid interior), but I cannot understand why function "pDC-Ellipse(...)" is needed twice here? CDC *pDC=GetDC(); CPen pen; CBrush brush; getpen(pen,pDC,col,bol); if(do_what>=DRAW_LINE&&do_what<=DRAW_RRECT){ p->p[0]=start; p->p[1]=end; if(sol==1){ getbrush(brush,pDC,col); } if(do_what==DRAW_LINE){ pDC->MoveTo(start); pDC->LineTo(end); } else if(do_what==DRAW_ELLIPSE||do_what==DRAW_CIRCLE){ pDC->SetROP2(R2_NOT); assist=start; if(do_what==DRAW_CIRCLE){ assist.y=end.y-end.x+start.x; } pDC->Ellipse(start.x,assist.y,end.x,end.y); pDC->SetROP2(R2_COPYPEN); if(sol==0){ pDC->SelectStockObject(NULL_BRUSH); } if(do_what==DRAW_CIRCLE){ assist.y=point.y-point.x+start.x; } pDC->Ellipse(start.x,assist.y,point.x,point.y); end=point; } } If I remove the first one, the ellipse will be black solid inside. If I remove the second one, the ellipse will never be drawn but disappears when left mouse button is up. the dialog: when moving mouse: mouse moving when mouse button pops: mouse button pops Besides, what color of CBrush is if I use "CBrush brush; pDC-Ellipse(start.x,assist.y,end.x,end.y);"

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• Does mod_php honor HEAD requests properly?

  - by rkulla

  The HTTP/1.1 RFC stipulates "The HEAD method is identical to GET except that the server MUST NOT return a message-body in the response." I know Apache honors the RFC but modules don't have to. My question is, does mod_php5 honor this? The reason I ask is because I just came across an article saying that PHP developers should check this themselves with: if (stripos($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'], 'HEAD') !== FALSE) { exit(); } but seeing as how browsers send HEAD requests for cache checking it seems unlikely to me that no book, docs, etc., advise PHP developers to do this check. I googled a second and not much turned up, other than some people saying they try to strange things like mod_rewrite/redirect after getting HEAD requests and some old bug ticket from like 2002 claiming that mod_php still executed the rest of the script by default. So I just ran a quick test by using PECL::HTTP to run http_head('http://mysite.com/test-head-request.php'); while having: <?php error_log('REST OF SCRIPT STILL RAN'); ?> in test-head-request.php to see if the rest of the script still executed, and it didn't. I figure that should be enough to settle it, but want to get more feedback and maybe help clear up confusion for anyone else who has wondered about this. So if anyone knows off the top of their head (no pun intended) - or have any conventions they use for receiving HEAD requests, that'd be great. Otherwise, I'll grep the C source later and respond in a comment with my findings. Thanks.

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• Strange Behaviour in Swift: constant defined with LET but behaving like a variable defined with VAR

  - by Sam

  Stuck on the below for a day! Any insight would be greatly appreciated. The constant in the first block match0 behaves as expected. The constant defined in the second block does not behave as nicely in the face of a change to its "source": var str = "+y+z*1.0*sum(A1:A3)" if let range0 = str.rangeOfString("^\\+|^\\-|^\\*|^\\/", options: NSStringCompareOptions.RegularExpressionSearch){ let match0 = str[range0] println(match0) //yields "+" - as expexted str.removeRange(range0) println(match0) //yields "+" - as expected str.removeRange(range0) println(match0) //yields "+" - as expected } if let range1 = str.rangeOfString("^\\+|^\\-|^\\*|^\\/", options: NSStringCompareOptions.RegularExpressionSearch){ let match1 = str[range1] println(match1) //yields "+" as expected str.removeRange(range1) println(match1) //!@#$ OMG!!!!!!!!!!! a constant variable has changed! This prints "z" } The following are the options I can see: match1 has somehow obtained a reference to its source instead of being copied by value [Problem: Strings are value types in Swift] match1 has somehow obtained a closure to its source instead of just being a normal constant/variable? [Problem: sounds like science fiction & then why does match0 behave so well?] Could there be a bug in the Swift compiler? [Problem: Experience has taught me that this is very very very rarely the solution to your problem...but it is still in beta]

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• Diffie-Hellman -- Primitive root mod n -- cryptography question.

  - by somewhat confused

  In the below snippet, please explain starting with the first "for" loop what is happening and why. Why is 0 added, why is 1 added in the second loop. What is going on in the "if" statement under bigi. Finally explain the modPow method. Thank you in advance for meaningful replies. public static boolean isPrimitive(BigInteger m, BigInteger n) { BigInteger bigi, vectorint; Vector<BigInteger> v = new Vector<BigInteger>(m.intValue()); int i; for (i=0;i<m.intValue();i++) v.add(new BigInteger("0")); for (i=1;i<m.intValue();i++) { bigi = new BigInteger("" + i); if (m.gcd(bigi).intValue() == 1) v.setElementAt(new BigInteger("1"), n.modPow(bigi,m).intValue()); } for (i=0;i<m.intValue();i++) { bigi = new BigInteger("" + i); if (m.gcd(bigi).intValue() == 1) { vectorint = v.elementAt(bigi.intValue()); if ( vectorint.intValue() == 0) i = m.intValue() + 1; } } if (i == m.intValue() + 2) return false; else return true; }

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• How can I create a new Person object correctly in Javascript?

  - by TimDog

  I'm still struggling with this concept. I have two different Person objects, very simply: ;Person1 = (function() { function P (fname, lname) { P.FirstName = fname; P.LastName = lname; return P; } P.FirstName = ''; P.LastName = ''; var prName = 'private'; P.showPrivate = function() { alert(prName); }; return P; })(); ;Person2 = (function() { var prName = 'private'; this.FirstName = ''; this.LastName = ''; this.showPrivate = function() { alert(prName); }; return function(fname, lname) { this.FirstName = fname; this.LastName = lname; } })(); And let's say I invoke them like this: var s = new Array(); //Person1 s.push(new Person1("sal", "smith")); s.push(new Person1("bill", "wonk")); alert(s[0].FirstName); alert(s[1].FirstName); s[1].showPrivate(); //Person2 s.push(new Person2("sal", "smith")); s.push(new Person2("bill", "wonk")); alert(s[2].FirstName); alert(s[3].FirstName); s[3].showPrivate(); The Person1 set alerts "bill" twice, then alerts "private" once -- so it recognizes the showPrivate function, but the local FirstName variable gets overwritten. The second Person2 set alerts "sal", then "bill", but it fails when the showPrivate function is called. The new keyword here works as I'd expect, but showPrivate (which I thought was a publicly exposed function within the closure) is apparently not public. I want to get my object to have distinct copies of all local variables and also expose public methods -- I've been studying closures quite a bit, but I'm still confused on this one. Thanks for your help.

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• Are licenses relevant for small code snippets?

  - by Martin

  When I'm about to write a short algorithm, I first check in the base class library I'm using whether the algorithm is implemented in it. If not, I often do a quick google search to see if someone has done it before (which is the case, 19 times out of 20). Most of the time, I find the exact code I need. Sometimes it's clear what license applies to the source code, sometimes not. It may be GPL, LGPL, BSD or whatever. Sometimes people have posted a code snippet on some random forum which solves my problem. It's clear to me that I can't reuse the code (copy/paste it into my code) without caring about the license if the code is in some way substantial. What is not clear to me is whether I can copy a code snippet containing 5 lines or so without doing a license violation. Can I copy/paste a 5-line code snippet without caring about the license? What about one-liner? What about 10 lines? Where do I draw the line (no pun intended)? My second problem is that if I have found a 10-line code snippet which does exactly what I need, but feel that I cannot copy it because it's GPL-licensed and my software isn't, I have already memorized how to implement it so when I go around implementing the same functionality, my code is almost identical to the GPL licensed code I saw a few minutes ago. (In other words, the code was copied to my brain and my brain after that copied it into my source code).

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• Java Bucket Sort on Strings

  - by Michael

  I can't figure out what would be the best way to use Bucket Sort to sort a list of strings that will always be the same length. An algorithm would look like this: For the last character position down to the first: For each word in the list: Place the word into the appropriate bucket by current character For each of the 26 buckets(arraylists) Copy every word back to the list I'm writing in java and I'm using an arraylist for the main list that stores the unsorted strings. The strings will be five characters long each. This is what I started. It just abrubdly stops within the second for loop because I don't know what to do next or if I did the first part right. ArrayList<String> count = new ArrayList<String>(26); for (int i = wordlen; i > 0; i--) { for (int j = 0; i < myList.size(); i++) myList.get(j).charAt(i) } Thanks in advanced.

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• Changing the system time zone succeeds once and then no longer changes

  - by Adam Driscoll

  I'm using the WinAPI to set the time zone on a Windows XP SP3 box. I'm reading the time zone information from the HKLM\Software\Microsoft\WindowsNT\Time Zones\<time zone name> key and then setting the time zone to the specified time zone. I enumerate the keys under the Time Zones key, grab the TZI value and stuff it into a TIME_ZONE_INFORMATION struct to be passed to SetTimeZoneInformation. All seems to work on the first pass. The time zone changes, no error is returned. The second time I perform this operation (same user, new session, on login before userinit) the call succeeds but the system does not reflect the time zone change. Neither the clock nor time stamps on files are updated to the new time zone. When I navigate to: HKLM\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\TimeZoneInformation my new time zone information is present. A couple strange things are happening when I'm setting my time zone: Also when I parse the TZI binary value from the registry to store in my TIME_ZONE_INFORMATION struct I'm noticing the struct has the DaylightDate.wDay and StandardDate.wDay field always set to 0 I tried to call GetTimeZoneInformation right after I call SetTimeZoneInformation but the call fails with a 1300 error (Not all privileges or groups referenced are assigned to the caller. ) I'm also making sure to send a WM_BROADCAST message so Explorer knows whats going on. Think it's the parsing of the byte array to the TIME_ZONE_INFORMATION struct? Or am I missing some thing else important? EDIT: Found a document stating why this is happening: here. Privilege was introduced in Vista...thanks MSDN docs... Per the Microsoft documentation I'm enabling the SE_TIME_ZONE_NAME privilege for the current processes token. But when I attempt to call LookupPriviledgeValue for SE_TIME_ZONE_NAME I get a 1313 error (A specified privilege does not exist. ).

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• Sanitizing user input that will later be e-mailed - what should I be worried about?

  - by Kevin Burke

  I'm interning for an NGO in India (Seva Mandir, http://sevamandir.org) and trying to fix their broken "subscribe to newsletter" box. Because the staff isn't very sophisticated and our web host isn't great, I decided to send the relevant data to the publications person via mail() instead of storing it in a MySQL database. I know that it's best to treat user input as malicious, and I've searched the SO forums for posts relevant to escaping user data for sending in a mail message. I know the data should be escaped; what should I be worried about and what's the best way to sanitize the input before emailing it? Form flow: 1. User enters email on homepage and clicks Submit 2. User enters name, address, more information on second page (bad usability, I know, but my boss asked me to) and clicks "Submit" 3. Collect the data via $_POST and email it to the publications editor (and possibly send a confirmation to the subscriber). I am going to sanitize the email in step 2 and the other data in step 3. I appreciate your help, Kevin

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• Haskell math performance

  - by Travis Brown

  I'm in the middle of porting David Blei's original C implementation of Latent Dirichlet Allocation to Haskell, and I'm trying to decide whether to leave some of the low-level stuff in C. The following function is one example—it's an approximation of the second derivative of lgamma: double trigamma(double x) { double p; int i; x=x+6; p=1/(x*x); p=(((((0.075757575757576*p-0.033333333333333)*p+0.0238095238095238) *p-0.033333333333333)*p+0.166666666666667)*p+1)/x+0.5*p; for (i=0; i<6 ;i++) { x=x-1; p=1/(x*x)+p; } return(p); } I've translated this into more or less idiomatic Haskell as follows: trigamma :: Double -> Double trigamma x = snd $ last $ take 7 $ iterate next (x' - 1, p') where x' = x + 6 p = 1 / x' ^ 2 p' = p / 2 + c / x' c = foldr1 (\a b -> (a + b * p)) [1, 1/6, -1/30, 1/42, -1/30, 5/66] next (x, p) = (x - 1, 1 / x ^ 2 + p) The problem is that when I run both through Criterion, my Haskell version is six or seven times slower (I'm compiling with -O2 on GHC 6.12.1). Some similar functions are even worse. I know practically nothing about Haskell performance, and I'm not terribly interested in digging through Core or anything like that, since I can always just call the handful of math-intensive C functions through FFI. But I'm curious about whether there's low-hanging fruit that I'm missing—some kind of extension or library or annotation that I could use to speed up this numeric stuff without making it too ugly.

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