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• How can I do fast Triangle/Square vs Triangle collision detection?

  - by Ólafur Waage

  I have a game world where the objects are in a grid based environment with the following restrictions. All of the triangles are 45-90-45 triangles that are unit length. They can only rotate 90°. The squares are of unit length and can not rotate (not that it matters) I have the Square vs Square detection down and it is very very solid and very fast (max vs min on x and y values) Wondering if there are any tricks I can employ since I have these restrictions on the triangles?

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• Player Movement DirectX

  - by SullY

  I'm reading on a Book that's about Gamedevelopment with C++ and DirectX 9. There is something that interrests me: It says that playermovements are increasing with the power of the CPU. Becouse a faster CPU will move the player with every frame ( better CPU = better FPS ) To bypass it, it says you have just to multiplicate time*movementfactor . I'd like to know is there an another way to bypass it ?

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• HLSL Shader not working right?

  - by dvds414

  Okay so I have this shader for ambient occlusion. It loads to world correctly, but it just shows all the models as being white. I do not know why. I am just running the shader while the model is rendering, is that correct? or do I need to make a render target or something? if so then how? I'm using C++. Here is my shader. float sampleRadius; float distanceScale; float4x4 xProjection; float4x4 xView; float4x4 xWorld; float3 cornerFustrum; struct VS_OUTPUT { float4 pos : POSITION; float2 TexCoord : TEXCOORD0; float3 viewDirection : TEXCOORD1; }; VS_OUTPUT VertexShaderFunction( float4 Position : POSITION, float2 TexCoord : TEXCOORD0) { VS_OUTPUT Out = (VS_OUTPUT)0; float4 WorldPosition = mul(Position, xWorld); float4 ViewPosition = mul(WorldPosition, xView); Out.pos = mul(ViewPosition, xProjection); Position.xy = sign(Position.xy); Out.TexCoord = (float2(Position.x, -Position.y) + float2( 1.0f, 1.0f ) ) * 0.5f; float3 corner = float3(-cornerFustrum.x * Position.x, cornerFustrum.y * Position.y, cornerFustrum.z); Out.viewDirection = corner; return Out; } texture depthTexture; texture randomTexture; sampler2D depthSampler = sampler_state { Texture = <depthTexture>; ADDRESSU = CLAMP; ADDRESSV = CLAMP; MAGFILTER = LINEAR; MINFILTER = LINEAR; }; sampler2D RandNormal = sampler_state { Texture = <randomTexture>; ADDRESSU = WRAP; ADDRESSV = WRAP; MAGFILTER = LINEAR; MINFILTER = LINEAR; }; float4 PixelShaderFunction(VS_OUTPUT IN) : COLOR0 { float4 samples[16] = { float4(0.355512, -0.709318, -0.102371, 0.0 ), float4(0.534186, 0.71511, -0.115167, 0.0 ), float4(-0.87866, 0.157139, -0.115167, 0.0 ), float4(0.140679, -0.475516, -0.0639818, 0.0 ), float4(-0.0796121, 0.158842, -0.677075, 0.0 ), float4(-0.0759516, -0.101676, -0.483625, 0.0 ), float4(0.12493, -0.0223423, -0.483625, 0.0 ), float4(-0.0720074, 0.243395, -0.967251, 0.0 ), float4(-0.207641, 0.414286, 0.187755, 0.0 ), float4(-0.277332, -0.371262, 0.187755, 0.0 ), float4(0.63864, -0.114214, 0.262857, 0.0 ), float4(-0.184051, 0.622119, 0.262857, 0.0 ), float4(0.110007, -0.219486, 0.435574, 0.0 ), float4(0.235085, 0.314707, 0.696918, 0.0 ), float4(-0.290012, 0.0518654, 0.522688, 0.0 ), float4(0.0975089, -0.329594, 0.609803, 0.0 ) }; IN.TexCoord.x += 1.0/1600.0; IN.TexCoord.y += 1.0/1200.0; normalize (IN.viewDirection); float depth = tex2D(depthSampler, IN.TexCoord).a; float3 se = depth * IN.viewDirection; float3 randNormal = tex2D( RandNormal, IN.TexCoord * 200.0 ).rgb; float3 normal = tex2D(depthSampler, IN.TexCoord).rgb; float finalColor = 0.0f; for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++) { float3 ray = reflect(samples[i].xyz,randNormal) * sampleRadius; //if (dot(ray, normal) < 0) // ray += normal * sampleRadius; float4 sample = float4(se + ray, 1.0f); float4 ss = mul(sample, xProjection); float2 sampleTexCoord = 0.5f * ss.xy/ss.w + float2(0.5f, 0.5f); sampleTexCoord.x += 1.0/1600.0; sampleTexCoord.y += 1.0/1200.0; float sampleDepth = tex2D(depthSampler, sampleTexCoord).a; if (sampleDepth == 1.0) { finalColor ++; } else { float occlusion = distanceScale* max(sampleDepth - depth, 0.0f); finalColor += 1.0f / (1.0f + occlusion * occlusion * 0.1); } } return float4(finalColor/16, finalColor/16, finalColor/16, 1.0f); } technique SSAO { pass P0 { VertexShader = compile vs_3_0 VertexShaderFunction(); PixelShader = compile ps_3_0 PixelShaderFunction(); } }

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• How to avoid circular dependencies between Player and World?

  - by futlib

  I'm working on a 2D game where you can move up, down, left and right. I have essentially two game logic objects: Player: Has a position relative to the world World: Draws the map and the player So far, World depends on Player (i.e. has a reference to it), needing its position to figure out where to draw the player character, and which portion of the map to draw. Now I want to add collision detection to make it impossible for the player to move through walls. The simplest way I can think of is to have the Player ask the World if the intended movement is possible. But that would introduce a circular dependency between Player and World (i.e. each holds a reference to the other), which seems worth avoiding. The only way I came up with is to have the World move the Player, but I find that somewhat unintuitive. What is my best option? Or is avoiding a circular dependency not worth it?

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• OpenGL ES 2.0 gluUnProject

  - by secheung

  I've spent more time than I should trying to get my ray picking program working. I'm pretty convinced my math is solid with respect to line plane intersection, but I believe the problem lies with the changing of the mouse screen touch into 3D world space. Heres my code: public void passTouchEvents(MotionEvent e){ int[] viewport = {0,0,viewportWidth,viewportHeight}; float x = e.getX(), y = viewportHeight - e.getY(); float[] pos1 = new float[4]; float[] pos2 = new float[4]; GLU.gluUnProject( x, y, 0.0f, mViewMatrix, 0, mProjectionMatrix, 0, viewport, 0, pos1, 0); GLU.gluUnProject( x, y, 1.0f, mViewMatrix, 0, mProjectionMatrix, 0, viewport, 0, pos2, 0); } Just as a reference I've tried transforming the coordinates 0,0,0 and got an offset. It would be appreciated if you would answer using OpenGL ES 2.0 code.

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• GLSL, all in one or many shader programs?

  - by stjepano

  I am doing some 3D demos using OpenGL and I noticed that GLSL is somewhat "limited" (or is it just me?). Anyway I have many different types of materials. Some materials have ambient and diffuse color, some materials have ambient occlusion map, some have specular map and bump map etc. Is it better to support everything in one vertex/fragment shader pair or is it better to create many vertex/fragment shaders and select them based on currently selected material? What is the usual shader strategy in OpenGL or D3D?

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• Extremely simple online multiplayer game

  - by Postscripter

  I am considering creating a simple multiplayer game, which focuses on physics and can accommodate up to 30 players per session. Very simple graphics, but smart physics (pushing, weight and gravity, balance) is required. After some research I found a good java script (framework ??) called box2d.js I found the demo to be excellent. this is is kind of physics am looking for in my game. Now, what other frameworks will I need? Node.js?? Prototype.js?? (btw, I found the latest versoin of protoype.js to be released in 2010...?? is this still supported? Should I avoid using it?) What bout HTML 5 and Canvas? would I need them? websockets? Am a beginner in web programming + game programming world. but I will learn fast, am computer science graduate. (but no much web expeience but know essentionals javascript, html, css..). I just need a guiding path to build my game. Thanks

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• 3d Picking under reticle

  - by Wolftousen

  i'm currently trying to work out some 3d picking code that I started years ago, but then lost interested the assignment was completed (this part wasn't actually part of the assignment). I am not using the mouse coords for picking, i'm just using the position in 3d space and a ray directly out from there. A small hitch though is that I want to use a cone and not a ray. Here are the variables i'm using: float iReticleSlope = 95/3000; //inverse reticle slope float baseReticle = 1; //radius of the reticle at z = 0 float maxRange = 3000; //max range to target Quaternion orientation; //the cameras orientation Vector3d position; //the cameras position Then I loop through each object in the world: Vector3d transformed; //object position after transformations float d, r; //holder variables for(i = 0; i < objects.length; i++) { transformed = position - objects[i].position; //transform the position relative to camera orientation.multiply(transformed); //orient the object relative to the camera if(transformed.z < 0) { d = sqrt(transformed[0] * transformed[0] + transformed[1] * transformed[1]); r = -transformed[2] * iReticleSlope + objects[i].radius; if(d < r && -transformed[2] - objects[i].radius <= maxRange) { //the object is under the reticle } else { //the object is not under the reticle } } else { //the object is not under the reticle } } Now this all works fine and dandy until the window ratio doesn't match the resolution ratio. Is there any simple way to account for that

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• Which physics phenomenons can be simulated properly with Box2d or bullet physics? [on hold]

  - by user3585425

  Knowing that box2d or bullet physics can't simulate Newton's cradle (because of multiple bodies being in contact at the same time if I understand correctly), is there a sets of physics phenomenons that imply two or more objects that still can be simulated properly ? For example, I'm thinking about lightweight objects launched towards heavyweight objects. If the object is destroyed on contact, this would not make a difference if the energy is not transmitted correctly on impact.

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• Possible / How to render to multiple back buffers, using one as a shader resource when rendering to the other, and vice versa?

  - by Raptormeat

  I'm making a game in Direct3D10. For several of my rendering passes, I need to change the behavior of the pass depending on what is already rendered on the back buffer. (For example, I'd like to do some custom blending- when the destination color is dark, do one thing; when it is light, do another). It looks like I'll need to create multiple render targets and render back and forth between them. What's the best way to do this? Create my own render textures, use them, and then copy the final result into the back buffer. Create multiple back buffers, render between them, and then present the last one that was rendered to. Create one render texture, and one back buffer, render between them, and just ensure that the back buffer is the final target rendered to I'm not sure which of these is possible, and if there are any performance issues that aren't obvious. Clearly my preference would be to have 2 rather than 3 default render targets, if possible.

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• How do I make A* check all diagonal and orthogonal directions?

  - by Munezane

  I'm making a turn-based tactical game and I'm trying to implement the A* algorithm. I've been following a tutorial and got to this point, but my characters can't move diagonally up and left. Can anyone help me with this? The return x and y are int pointers which the characters are using to move towards the target. void level::aStar(int startx, int starty, int targetx, int targety, int* returnx, int* returny) { aStarGridSquare* currentSquare = new aStarGridSquare(); aStarGridSquare* startSquare = new aStarGridSquare(); aStarGridSquare* targetSquare = new aStarGridSquare(); aStarGridSquare* adjacentSquare = new aStarGridSquare(); aStarOpenList.clear(); for(unsigned int i=0; i<aStarGridSquareList.size(); i++) { aStarGridSquareList[i]->open=false; aStarGridSquareList[i]->closed=false; } startSquare=getaStarGridSquare(startx, starty); targetSquare=getaStarGridSquare(targetx, targety); if(startSquare==targetSquare) { *returnx=startx; *returny=starty; return; } startSquare->CostFromStart=0; startSquare->CostToTraverse=0; startSquare->parent = NULL; currentSquare=startSquare; aStarOpenList.push_back(currentSquare); while(currentSquare!=targetSquare && aStarOpenList.size()>0) { //unsigned int totalCostEstimate=aStarOpenList[0]->TotalCostEstimate; //currentSquare=aStarOpenList[0]; for(unsigned int i=0; i<aStarOpenList.size(); i++) { if(aStarOpenList.size()>1) { for(unsigned int j=1; j<aStarOpenList.size()-1; j++) { if(aStarOpenList[i]->TotalCostEstimate<aStarOpenList[j]->TotalCostEstimate) { currentSquare=aStarOpenList[i]; } else { currentSquare=aStarOpenList[j]; } } } else { currentSquare = aStarOpenList[i]; } } currentSquare->closed=true; currentSquare->open=false; for(unsigned int i=0; i<aStarOpenList.size(); i++) { if(aStarOpenList[i]==currentSquare) { aStarOpenList.erase(aStarOpenList.begin()+i); } } for(unsigned int i = currentSquare->blocky - 32; i <= currentSquare->blocky + 32; i+=32) { for(unsigned int j = currentSquare->blockx - 32; j<= currentSquare->blockx + 32; j+=32) { adjacentSquare=getaStarGridSquare(j/32, i/32); if(adjacentSquare!=NULL) { if(adjacentSquare->blocked==false && adjacentSquare->closed==false) { if(adjacentSquare->open==false) { adjacentSquare->parent=currentSquare; if(currentSquare->parent!=NULL) { currentSquare->CostFromStart = currentSquare->parent->CostFromStart + currentSquare->CostToTraverse + startSquare->CostFromStart; } else { currentSquare->CostFromStart=0; } adjacentSquare->CostFromStart =currentSquare->CostFromStart + adjacentSquare->CostToTraverse;// adjacentSquare->parent->CostFromStart + adjacentSquare->CostToTraverse; //currentSquare->CostToEndEstimate = abs(currentSquare->blockx - targetSquare->blockx) + abs(currentSquare->blocky - targetSquare->blocky); //currentSquare->TotalCostEstimate = currentSquare->CostFromStart + currentSquare->CostToEndEstimate; adjacentSquare->open = true; adjacentSquare->CostToEndEstimate=abs(adjacentSquare->blockx- targetSquare->blockx) + abs(adjacentSquare->blocky-targetSquare->blocky); adjacentSquare->TotalCostEstimate = adjacentSquare->CostFromStart+adjacentSquare->CostToEndEstimate; //adjacentSquare->open=true;*/ aStarOpenList.push_back(adjacentSquare); } else { if(adjacentSquare->parent->CostFromStart > currentSquare->CostFromStart) { adjacentSquare->parent=currentSquare; if(currentSquare->parent!=NULL) { currentSquare->CostFromStart = currentSquare->parent->CostFromStart + currentSquare->CostToTraverse + startSquare->CostFromStart; } else { currentSquare->CostFromStart=0; } adjacentSquare->CostFromStart =currentSquare->CostFromStart + adjacentSquare->CostToTraverse;// adjacentSquare->parent->CostFromStart + adjacentSquare->CostToTraverse; //currentSquare->CostToEndEstimate = abs(currentSquare->blockx - targetSquare->blockx) + abs(currentSquare->blocky - targetSquare->blocky); //currentSquare->TotalCostEstimate = currentSquare->CostFromStart + currentSquare->CostToEndEstimate; adjacentSquare->CostFromStart = adjacentSquare->parent->CostFromStart + adjacentSquare->CostToTraverse; adjacentSquare->CostToEndEstimate=abs(adjacentSquare->blockx - targetSquare->blockx) + abs(adjacentSquare->blocky - targetSquare->blocky); adjacentSquare->TotalCostEstimate = adjacentSquare->CostFromStart+adjacentSquare->CostToEndEstimate; } } } } } } } if(aStarOpenList.size()==0)//if empty { *returnx =startx; *returny =starty; return; } else { for(unsigned int i=0; i< aStarOpenList.size(); i++) { if(currentSquare->parent==NULL) { //int tempX = targetSquare->blockx; //int tempY = targetSquare->blocky; *returnx=targetSquare->blockx; *returny=targetSquare->blocky; break; } else { currentSquare=currentSquare->parent; } } } }

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• Cocos2d: Adding a CCSequence to a CCArray

  - by Axort

  I have a problem with an action performed by a sprite. I have one CCSequence in a CCArray and I have an scheduled method (is called every 5 seconds) that make the sprite run the action. The action is performed correctly only the first time (the first 5 seconds), after that, the action do whatever it wants lol. Here is the code: In .h - @interface PowerUpLayer : CCLayer { PowerUp *powerUp; CCArray *trajectories; } @property (nonatomic, retain) CCArray *trajectories; In .mm - @implementation PowerUpLayer @synthesize trajectories; -(id)init { if((self = [super init])) { [self createTrajectories]; self.isTouchEnabled = YES; [self schedule:@selector(spawn:) interval:5]; } return self; } -(void)createTrajectories { self.trajectories = [CCArray arrayWithCapacity:1]; //Wave trajectory ccBezierConfig firstWave, secondWave; firstWave.controlPoint_1 = CGPointMake([[CCDirector sharedDirector] winSize].width + 30, [[CCDirector sharedDirector] winSize].height / 2);//powerUp.sprite.position.x, powerUp.sprite.position.y); firstWave.controlPoint_2 = CGPointMake([[CCDirector sharedDirector] winSize].width - ([[CCDirector sharedDirector] winSize].width / 4), 0); firstWave.endPosition = CGPointMake([[CCDirector sharedDirector] winSize].width / 2, [[CCDirector sharedDirector] winSize].height / 2); secondWave.controlPoint_1 = CGPointMake([[CCDirector sharedDirector] winSize].width / 2, [[CCDirector sharedDirector] winSize].height / 2); secondWave.controlPoint_2 = CGPointMake([[CCDirector sharedDirector] winSize].width / 4, [[CCDirector sharedDirector] winSize].height); secondWave.endPosition = CGPointMake(-30, [[CCDirector sharedDirector] winSize].height / 2); id bezierWave1 = [CCBezierTo actionWithDuration:1 bezier:firstWave]; id bezierWave2 = [CCBezierTo actionWithDuration:1 bezier:secondWave]; id waveTrajectory = [CCSequence actions:bezierWave1, bezierWave2, [CCCallFuncN actionWithTarget:self selector:@selector(setInvisible:)], nil]; [self.trajectories addObject:waveTrajectory]; //[powerUp.sprite runAction:bezierForward]; // [CCMoveBy actionWithDuration:3 position:CGPointMake(-[[CCDirector sharedDirector] winSize].width - powerUp.sprite.contentSize.width, 0)] //[powerUp.sprite runAction:[CCSequence actions:bezierWave1, bezierWave2, [CCCallFuncN actionWithTarget:self selector:@selector(setInvisible:)], nil]]; } -(void)setInvisible:(id)sender { if(powerUp != nil) { [self removeChild:sender cleanup:YES]; powerUp = nil; } } This is the scheduled method: -(void)spawn:(ccTime)dt { if(powerUp == nil) { powerUp = [[PowerUp alloc] initWithType:0]; powerUp.sprite.position = CGPointMake([[CCDirector sharedDirector] winSize].width + powerUp.sprite.contentSize.width, [[CCDirector sharedDirector] winSize].height / 2); [self addChild:powerUp.sprite z:-1]; [powerUp.sprite runAction:((CCSequence *)[self.trajectories objectAtIndex:0])]; } } I don't know what is happening; I never modify the content of the CCSequence after the first time. Thanks!

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• Designing a simple snake A.I

  - by DillPixel

  I've looked at some stuff online regarding this specific topic, and a lot of the info that I read involved graphs and path finding. I really don't want to get involved in something too complex & out of my level, and also I don't need my snake to be that intelligent (it will be a large board with the snake not growing in size on every munch). How could you structure a simpler AI for the snake that gets the job done relatively well? I would be able to get the snake to move towards the food item correctly, but my issue is that I'm not sure how to deal with the snake colliding with itself. Say the snake has a look ahead, and it finds that its tail is in the way, it could change direction, but what happens next? Any ideas on how to tackle this? Should the snake build an instruction set from every square, or should it think on the go?

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• using lua in kobold2d to control parameters

  - by nycynik

  Is there a tutorial on using LUA in Kobold2d? I want to know if its possible to use it to control the game behavior (like max speed decrease of timer, and bonus points) by uploading a new script to the app. I found this link in the FAQ: http://www.kobold2d.com/pages/viewpage.action?pageId=917888 but it does not mention if I can replace the lua script from within the game, and reload it, is that possible? Should i just have a parameter file instead that i can download and replace?

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• How do I improve terrain rendering batch counts using DirectX?

  - by gamer747

  We have determined that our terrain rendering system needs some work to minimize the number of batches being transferred to the GPU in order to improve performance. I'm looking for suggestions on how best to improve what we're trying to accomplish. We logically split our terrain mesh into smaller grid cells which are 32x32 world units. Each cell has meta data that dictates the four 256x256 textures that are used for spatting along with the alpha blend data, shadow, and light mappings. Each cell contains 81 vertices in a 9x9 grid. Presently, we examine each cell and determine the four textures that are being used to spat the cell. We combine that geometry with any other cell that perhaps uses the same four textures regardless of spat order. If the spat order for a cell differs, the blend map is adjusted so that the spat order is maintained the same as other like cells and blending happens in the right order too. But even with this batching approach, it isn't uncommon when looking out across an area of open terrain to have between 1200-1700 batch count depending upon how frequently textures differ or have different texture blends are between cells. We are only doing frustum culling presently. So using texture spatting, are there other alternatives that can reduce the batch count and allow rendering to be extremely performance-friendly even under DirectX9c? We considered using texture atlases since we're targeting DirectX 9c & older OpenGL platforms but trying to repeat textures using atlases and shaders result in seam artifacts which we haven't been able to eliminate with the exception of disabling mipmapping. Disabling mipmapping results in poor quality textures from a distance. How have others batched together terrain geometry such that one could spat terrain using various textures, minimizing batch count and texture state switches so that rendering performance isn't negatively impacted?

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• MarteEngine Tile Collision

  - by opiop65

  I need to add collision to my tile map using MarteEngine. MarteEngine is built of of slick2D. Here's my tile generation code: Code: public void render(GameContainer gc, StateBasedGame game, Graphics g) throws SlickException { for (int x = 0; x < 16; x++) { for (int y = 0; y < 16; y++) { map[x][y] = AIR; air.draw(x * GameWorld.tilesize, y * GameWorld.tilesize); } } for (int x = 0; x < 16; x++) { for (int y = 7; y < 8; y++) { map[x][y] = GRASS; grass.draw(x * tilesize, y * tilesize); } } for (int x = 0; x < 16; x++) { for (int y = 8; y < 10; y++) { map[x][y] = DIRT; dirt.draw(x * tilesize, y * tilesize); } } for (int x = 0; x < 16; x++) { for (int y = 10; y < 16; y++) { map[x][y] = STONE; stone.draw(x * tilesize, y * tilesize); } } super.render(gc, game, g); } And one of my tile classes (they're all the same, the image names are just different): Code: package MarteEngine; import org.newdawn.slick.Image; import org.newdawn.slick.SlickException; import it.randomtower.engine.entity.Entity; public class Grass extends Entity { public static Image grass = null; public Grass(float x, float y) throws SlickException { super(x, y); grass = new Image("res/grass.png"); setHitBox(0, 0, 50, 50); addType(SOLID); } } I tried to do it like this: Code: for (int x = 0; x < 16; x++) { for (int y = 7; y < 8; y++) { map[x][y] = GRASS; Grass.grass.draw(x * tilesize, y * tilesize); } } But it gave me a NullPointerException. No idea why, everything looks initialized right? I would be very grateful for some help!

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• Level Representation in a 2D Game

  - by meszar.imola

  I would like to create a 2D game, where a character should move on a stage/level. My stage would be static, constructed some little cubes, similar to the well-known Mario game: some of the elements should represent an element of the way where the character can step, but if the element is missing, the character should fall. My problem is, how to represent this programmatically? My first thought was to represent the stage with a vector, which should contain boolean elements, depending on the state of the element on the stage - if it's missing or not. But this means, I have to verify at my character's x or y position change if it has a stage element under or not (if not, to simulate the falling of the character) - I think it is not the best practice, it's not the beautiful solution. Can you help me with some advice, how to represent the stage?

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• Uniform not being applied to proper mesh

  - by HaMMeReD

  Ok, I got some code, and you select blocks on a grid. The selection works. I can modify the blocks to be raised when selected and the correct one shows. I set a color which I use in the shader. However, I am trying to change the color before rendering the geometry, and the last rendered geometry (in the sequence) is rendered light. However, to debug logic I decided to move the block up and make it white, in which case one block moves up and another block becomes white. I checked all my logic and it knows the correct one is selected and it is showing in, in the correct place and rendering it correctly. When there is only 1 it works properly. Video Of the bug in action, note how the highlighted and elevated blocks are not the same block, however the code for color and My Renderer is here (For the items being drawn) public void render(Renderer renderer) { mGrid.render(renderer, mGameState); for (Entity e:mGameEntities) { UnitTypes ut = UnitTypes.valueOf((String)e.getObject(D.UNIT_TYPE.ordinal())); if (ut == UnitTypes.Soldier) { renderer.testShader.begin(); renderer.testShader.setUniformMatrix("u_mvpMatrix",mEntityMatrix); renderer.texture_soldier.bind(0); Vector2 pos = (Vector2) e.getObject(D.COORDS.ordinal()); mEntityMatrix.set(renderer.mCamera.combined); if (mSelectedEntities.contains(e)) { mEntityMatrix.translate(pos.x, 1f, pos.y); renderer.testShader.setUniformf("v_color", 0.5f,0.5f,0.5f,1f); } else { mEntityMatrix.translate(pos.x, 0f, pos.y); renderer.testShader.setUniformf("v_color", 1f,1f,1f,1f); } mEntityMatrix.scale(0.2f, 0.2f, 0.2f); renderer.model_soldier.render(renderer.testShader,GL20.GL_TRIANGLES); renderer.testShader.end(); } else if (ut == UnitTypes.Enemy_Infiltrator) { renderer.testShader.begin(); renderer.testShader.setUniformMatrix("u_mvpMatrix",mEntityMatrix); renderer.testShader.setUniformf("v_color", 1.0f,1,1,1.0f); renderer.texture_enemy_infiltrator.bind(0); Vector2 pos = (Vector2) e.getObject(D.COORDS.ordinal()); mEntityMatrix.set(renderer.mCamera.combined); mEntityMatrix.translate(pos.x, 0f, pos.y); mEntityMatrix.scale(0.2f, 0.2f, 0.2f); renderer.model_enemy_infiltrator.render(renderer.testShader,GL20.GL_TRIANGLES); renderer.testShader.end(); } } }

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• Game Messaging System Design

  - by you786

  I'm making a simple game, and have decided to try to implement a messaging system. The system basically looks like this: Entity generates message - message is posted to global message queue - messageManager notifies every object of the new message through onMessageReceived(Message msg) - if object wants, it acts on the message. The way I'm making message objects is like this: //base message class, never actually instantiated abstract class Message{ Entity sender; } PlayerDiedMessage extends Message{ int livesLeft; } Now my SoundManagerEntity can do something like this in its onMessageReceived() method public void messageReceived(Message msg){ if(msg instanceof PlayerDiedMessage){ PlayerDiedMessage diedMessage = (PlayerDiedMessage) msg; if(diedMessage.livesLeft == 0) playSound(SOUND_DEATH); } } The pros to this approach: Very simple and easy to implement The message can contain as much as information as you want, because you can just create a new Message subclass that has whatever info necessary. The cons: I can't figure out how I can recycle Message objects to a object pool, unless I have a different pool for each subclass of Message. So I have lots and lots of object creation/memory allocation over time. Can't send a message to a specific recipient, but I haven't needed that yet in my game so I don't mind it too much. What am I missing here? There must be a better implementation or some idea that I'm missing.

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• How can I make Maya export a mesh as double-sided?

  - by bobobobo

  I'm exporting from Maya 2009 to OBJ. The mesh I'm exporting has in it's Render Stats "Double Sided" checked, but when the polygon is exported, only a single side is actually exported. What really needs to happen is for each polygon that is double sided, two polygons need to be exported, facing in opposite directions.. I can do this manually, but is there a way to make the OBJ exporter do it for me?

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• How to split a string with negative numbers using ActionScript 3.0

  - by inzombiak

  I'm having trouble loading my level. I'm using Ogmo to create my level then I import it. I have no problem converting 0's and 1's into an Array, but I can't figure out how to do the same for -1's. It separates the "-" and the "1". Any help would be great. I've posted my code and the XML files below levelXML = new XML(e.target.data); playerX = int(levelXML.Entities.Player.@x); playerY = int(levelXML.Entities.Player.@y); levelGrid = levelXML.Grid; levelGrid = levelGrid.split("\n").join(""); levelTiles = levelXML.Tiles; levelTiles = levelTiles.split("\n").join(""); levelTiles = levelTiles.split(",").join(""); tileArray = levelTiles.split(""); gridArray = levelGrid.split(""); for(i = 0; i <= 34; i++) { levelArray[i] = new Array(); for(j = 0; j <= 34; j++) { if(tileArray[j*35 + i] == 0) { gridArray[j*35+i] = -1; } var currentSymbol = gridArray[j*35+i]; levelArray[i][j] = currentSymbol; if(gridArray[j*35 + i] == 1) { wall = new Wall; addChild(wall); wall.x = i*20 + 10; wall.y = j*20 + 10; } else if(gridArray[j*35 + i] == -1) { pellet = new Pellet; addChild(pellet); pellet.x = i*20 + 10; pellet.y = j*20 + 10; } } } I know the code is very dirty, but I needed a quick fix. Grid exportMode="Bitstring" 11111111111111111111111111111111111 10000000000000000011000000000000001 10000000000000000011000000000000001 10011111001111110011001111110011001 10011111001111110011001111110011001 10011111001111110011001111110011001 10000000000000000000000000000000001 10000000000000000000000000000000001 10011111001100111111100110011111001 10011111001100000100000110011111001 10000000001100000100000110000000001 10000000001111100100111110000000001 11111111001111100100111110011111111 00000001001111100100111110010000000 00000001001100000000000110010000000 11111111001100000000000110011111111 00000000000000111111100000000000000 00000000000000100000100000000000000 11111111001100100000100110011111111 00000001001100111111100110010000000 00000001001100000000000110010000000 11111111001100111111100110011111111 10000000000000000100000000000000001 10000000000000000100000000000000001 10011111001111100100111110011111001 10000011000000000000000000011000001 10000011000000000000000000011000001 11110011001100111111100110011001111 11110011001100111111100110011001111 10000000001100000100000110000000001 10000000001100000100000110000000001 10011111111111100100111111111111001 10000000000000000000000000000000001 10000000000000000000000000000000001 11111111111111111111111111111111111 Tiles tileset="Tiles" exportMode="CSV"-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,0,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,0,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,0,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,0,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,0,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,0,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,0,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,0,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,0,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,0,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,0,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,0,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,0,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,0,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,0,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,0,-1 -1,-1,-1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,-1 -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1

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• Material usage, one per model or per object?

  - by WSkid

  Is it better (memory, time (of developer), space) to use single model that is unwrapped and uses a single material or to break a model down into appropriate bits, each with their own smaller texture/material? Or does it depend on the target platform as to what is acceptable - ie PC vs tablet? An example: Say you have a typical house with a tiled roof. Model it, make sure everything is attached, unwrap the walls/roof so in your UV template the walls and roof would be in one texture file, side-by-side in say a 512x512 file. Model the roof/walls as separate objects, unwrap them individually and have two UV templates. You could then have a 256x256 file for each one.

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• Efficient way of detecting a touched object in a game?

  - by Pin

  Imagine a Sims-like 2D game for a touch based mobile phone where one can interact with virtually any object in the scene. How can I efficiently detect which object is being touched by the player? In my short experience, looping through all the visible objects in the scene and checking if they're touched has so far done the job, but when there may be many many moving objects in the screen that sounds kind of inefficient isn't it? Keeping the visible moving objects list can consume time in itself as one may have to loop through all of them each frame. Other solutions I've thought are: Spatial hashing. Divide the screen as a grid and place the visible objects in the corresponding bucket. Detection of the clicked object is fast but there's additional overhead for placing the objects in the correct bucket each frame. Maintaining a quad-tree. Moving objects have to be rearranged all the time, the previous solution looks better. What is usually done in this case?

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• Maya is lagging in a specific way...?

  - by Aerovistae

  My Maya installation worked perfectly. It is not my computer. Something caused it to stop working overnight, somehow. When I try to drag a vertex or something like that, it moves the vertex, but then I have to click like 3 times somewhere outside the mesh before the actual mesh will catch up and follow the vertex. Until I do that, it just stays as it was, with a floating vertex somewhere inside it or outside it. It makes modeling borderline impossible and completely infuriating. What ought to be happening is what we're all used to-- as I move the vertex, the mesh follows it actively, so I can see what it looks like at every given moment until I release the vertex in its new position. Other weird thing: this only applies to complex meshes, like a couple thousand faces. A simple cube works fine. What gives?? Anybody?

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• Ray Picking Problems

  - by A Name I Haven't Decided On

  I've read so many answers on here about how to do Ray Picking, that I thought I had the idea of it down. But when I try to implement it in my game, I get garbage. I'm working with LWJGL. Here's the code: public static Ray getPick(int mouseX, int mouseY){ glPushMatrix(); //Setting up the Mouse Clip Vector4f mouseClip = new Vector4f((float)mouseX * 2 / 960f - 1, 1 - (float)mouseY * 2 / 640f ,0 ,1); //Loading Matrices FloatBuffer modMatrix = BufferUtils.createFloatBuffer(16); FloatBuffer projMatrix = BufferUtils.createFloatBuffer(16); glGetFloat(GL_MODELVIEW_MATRIX, modMatrix); glGetFloat(GL_PROJECTION_MATRIX, projMatrix); //Assigning Matrices Matrix4f proj = new Matrix4f(); Matrix4f model = new Matrix4f(); model.load(modMatrix); proj.load(projMatrix); //Multiplying the Projection Matrix by the Model View Matrix Matrix4f tempView = new Matrix4f(); Matrix4f.mul(proj, model, tempView); tempView.invert(); //Getting the Camera Position in World Space. The 4th Column of the Model View Matrix. model.invert(); Point cameraPos = new Point(model.m30, model.m31, model.m32); //Theoretically getting the vector the Picking Ray goes Vector4f rayVector = new Vector4f(); Matrix4f.transform(tempView, mouseClip, rayVector); rayVector.translate((float)-cameraPos.getX(),(float) -cameraPos.getY(),(float) -cameraPos.getZ(), 0f); rayVector.normalise(); glPopMatrix(); //This Basically Spits out a value that changes as the Camera moves. //When the Mouse moves, the values change around 0.001 points from screen edge to edge. System.out.format("Vector: %f %f %f%n", rayVector.x, rayVector.y, rayVector.z); //return new Ray(cameraPos, rayVector); return null; } I don't really know why this isn't working. I was hoping some more experienced eyes might be able to help me out. I can get the camera position like a champ, it's the vector the rays going in that I can't seem to get right. Thanks.

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