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  • Secure LAMP server for production use

    - by WalterJ89
    What is the procedure for securing a Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP Server (or even Perl) for production use? Other than setting the MySql password and the root password for linux what other (maybe not so obvious) steps should be taken? Also what steps can I take if I was going to be extra paranoid that may not normally be nessasary? this is for a basic single site use but must be secure. Thank you. (sorry if this was asked before)

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  • How can I get Courier 10 Pitch font for Windows?

    - by David B
    I created some SVG drawings using Inkscape on my Ubuntu. I now want to edit the SVGs using Inkscape running on Windows 7. The problem: the drawings has text formatted with Courier 10 Pitch font which is missing from my Windows system. Hence, the text is formatted using another font, which messes everything up. How can I get this font for Windows? Or perhaps I can make Inkscape embed the font in the SVG from Ubuntu?

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  • sshfs too slow while remote editing on Eclipse and other IDEs, what options to use to make it faster. *Not* for mac users

    - by Fullmooninu
    I've been looking into this problem, and it is common. But since there is a package for Mac with the same name, the solution for Mac users is hiding the solution for Linux users and our default sshfs. This the best I got so far, from what actually works on Linux. sshfs user@host:remoteDir localDir -o Ciphers=arcfour -oauto_cache,reconnect,no_readahead note: this question was not appropriate for stackoverflow, dunno why: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/25365487/sshfs-too-slow-what-options-to-use-to-make-it-faster-not-for-mac-users

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  • how to make sure the OS can recognize my modem ??

    - by Raafat
    Warning ... novice Linux user problem right here ... my modem is Actiotec MDC AC'97 Modem v2132D, how can i be sure that it's a software or a hardware one??, also how can i be sure that it's working on my OS??, or my OS can recognize it or not??, I'm using Linux Debian 5.0, with KDE thanx in advanced ... Raafat

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  • Best filesystem choices for NFS storing VMware disk images

    - by mlambie
    Currently we use an iSCSI SAN as storage for several VMware ESXi servers. I am investigating the use of an NFS target on a Linux server for additional virtual machines. I am also open to the idea of using an alternative operating system (like OpenSolaris) if it will provide significant advantages. What Linux-based filesystem favours very large contiguous files (like VMware's disk images)? Alternatively, how have people found ZFS on OpenSolaris for this kind of workload?

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  • Does Windows 8 support wubi installation?

    - by vignesh4303
    I recently installed Windows 8 from MSDN. I used to install Linux within Windows in my Windows operating systems. But when I tried to install my Ubuntu 10.10 with Wubi installer the option to install with wubi was disabled. Help me to install Ubuntu with Wubi installer on Windows 8 if Windows 8 supports it. If it does not, please recommend any other alternative to Wubi. I use Wubi mainly because I can easily remove the Linux operating system.

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  • Setting Up a Virtual Sound Device To Stream Output via TCP/IP

    - by Martindale
    I'm interested in installing a custom driver / device that will open a socket (or listen) and stream audio via TCP/IP in both Windows and Linux. I would like to be able to specify this device as my "Output" for specific applications so that I can route my audio through a completely unique machine (for example, in complex Synergy setups where my headphones might be connected to one machine, but audio is being generated by another.) In Linux, I expect this to be very easy, but I anticipate having to install a custom driver in Windows.

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  • Show command prompt on reboot

    - by LinuxPenseur
    Hi, In one of my linux machines, when i give reboot command at the shell command prompt then press enter, i get another command prompt and then the system reboots. $reboot $ But in one of my office Linux machines, when i give the reboot command, it suddenly reboots without showing another shell command prompt What could be the reason for this? I need the first behavior to be present in my office machine also. Kindly tell me where i should tweak my office machine. Thanks

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  • taking advantages of grub

    - by doug
    Hi there I'm thinking to install Ubuntu on my laptop just to have grub in order to boot from the EISA partition. What do you think? Do you think that might be a good idea? How will affect grub or ubuntu the EISA partition ? TY

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  • Hosting an NTP server on a standalone network

    - by cdated
    I have a LAN that is not connected to the internet, and I am trying to sychronize all the machines, Windows and Linux, to an NTP. All I've been able to find is setting up an NTP client with an internet NTP. How can I setup my own Linux NTP server, or find good documentation on how?

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  • rsync over ssh is not working anymore, while ssh itself is working fine (Write failed: broken pipe)

    - by brazorf
    This issue started happening after i changed router. This is the scenario: Windows7 Host Ubuntu 10.04 Guest (VirtualBox) Ubuntu 10.04 remote server What i used to do is run a very basic rsync command: rsync -avz --delete /local/path/ username@host:/path/to/remote/directory This worked perfect until i did change adsl provider, and i changed router aswell: now, this happens: rsync on Ubuntu Guest is not working anymore (to any random server), if using this new router rsync on Ubuntu Guest is WORKING, if i switch back to old router i tried a new virtual box ubuntu install, and the command is WORKING with both the routers So, the not-working-combo is oldUbuntu + newRouter. To get things worst, i can state that (on the not-working ubuntu) i ping the remote host plain ssh connection to the remote host is working fine (i can auth, connect, and do stuff on the remote host) scp is NOT working (this is just a further thing i tried) This is the console output of the execution, with ssh verbose set to vvvv: root@client:~# rsync -ae 'ssh -vvvv' /root/test-rsync/ {username}@{hostname}:/home/{username}/test/ OpenSSH_5.3p1 Debian-3ubuntu7, OpenSSL 0.9.8k 25 Mar 2009 debug1: Reading configuration data /root/.ssh/config debug1: Applying options for {hostname} debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config debug1: Applying options for * debug2: ssh_connect: needpriv 0 debug1: Connecting to {hostname} [{ip.add.re.ss}] port 22. debug1: Connection established. debug1: permanently_set_uid: 0/0 debug3: Not a RSA1 key file /root/.ssh/{private_key}. debug2: key_type_from_name: unknown key type '-----BEGIN' debug3: key_read: missing keytype debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug2: key_type_from_name: unknown key type '-----END' debug3: key_read: missing keytype debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/{private_key} type 1 debug1: Checking blacklist file /usr/share/ssh/blacklist.RSA-2048 debug1: Checking blacklist file /etc/ssh/blacklist.RSA-2048 debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_5.3p1 Debian-3ubuntu7 debug1: match: OpenSSH_5.3p1 Debian-3ubuntu7 pat OpenSSH* debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0 debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_5.3p1 Debian-3ubuntu7 debug2: fd 3 setting O_NONBLOCK debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent debug3: Wrote 792 bytes for a total of 831 debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,diffie-hellman-group1-sha1 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: ssh-rsa,ssh-dss debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: [email protected],zlib,none debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: [email protected],zlib,none debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: first_kex_follows 0 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: reserved 0 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,diffie-hellman-group1-sha1 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: ssh-rsa,ssh-dss debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: first_kex_follows 0 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: reserved 0 debug2: mac_setup: found hmac-md5 debug1: kex: server->client aes128-ctr hmac-md5 [email protected] debug2: mac_setup: found hmac-md5 debug1: kex: client->server aes128-ctr hmac-md5 [email protected] debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REQUEST(1024<1024<8192) sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_GROUP debug3: Wrote 24 bytes for a total of 855 debug2: dh_gen_key: priv key bits set: 125/256 debug2: bits set: 525/1024 debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_INIT sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REPLY debug3: Wrote 144 bytes for a total of 999 debug3: check_host_in_hostfile: filename /root/.ssh/known_hosts debug3: check_host_in_hostfile: match line 4 debug3: check_host_in_hostfile: filename /root/.ssh/known_hosts debug3: check_host_in_hostfile: match line 5 debug1: Host '{hostname}' is known and matches the RSA host key. debug1: Found key in /root/.ssh/known_hosts:4 debug2: bits set: 512/1024 debug1: ssh_rsa_verify: signature correct debug2: kex_derive_keys debug2: set_newkeys: mode 1 debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS debug3: Wrote 16 bytes for a total of 1015 debug2: set_newkeys: mode 0 debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST sent debug3: Wrote 48 bytes for a total of 1063 debug2: service_accept: ssh-userauth debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received debug2: key: /root/.ssh/{private_key} (0x7f3ad0e7f9b0) debug3: Wrote 80 bytes for a total of 1143 debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password debug3: start over, passed a different list publickey,password debug3: preferred gssapi-keyex,gssapi-with-mic,gssapi,publickey,keyboard-interactive,password debug3: authmethod_lookup publickey debug3: remaining preferred: keyboard-interactive,password debug3: authmethod_is_enabled publickey debug1: Next authentication method: publickey debug1: Offering public key: /root/.ssh/{private_key} debug3: send_pubkey_test debug2: we sent a publickey packet, wait for reply debug3: Wrote 368 bytes for a total of 1511 debug1: Server accepts key: pkalg ssh-rsa blen 277 debug2: input_userauth_pk_ok: fp 1b:65:36:92:59:b3:12:3e:8c:c6:03:28:d4:81:09:dc debug3: sign_and_send_pubkey debug1: read PEM private key done: type RSA debug3: Wrote 656 bytes for a total of 2167 debug1: Enabling compression at level 6. debug1: Authentication succeeded (publickey). debug2: fd 4 setting O_NONBLOCK debug3: fd 5 is O_NONBLOCK debug1: channel 0: new [client-session] debug3: ssh_session2_open: channel_new: 0 debug2: channel 0: send open debug1: Requesting [email protected] debug1: Entering interactive session. debug3: Wrote 112 bytes for a total of 2279 debug2: callback start debug2: client_session2_setup: id 0 debug1: Sending environment. debug3: Ignored env TERM debug3: Ignored env SHELL debug3: Ignored env SSH_CLIENT debug3: Ignored env SSH_TTY debug1: Sending env LC_ALL = en_US.UTF-8 debug2: channel 0: request env confirm 0 debug3: Ignored env USER debug3: Ignored env LS_COLORS debug3: Ignored env MAIL debug3: Ignored env PATH debug3: Ignored env PWD debug1: Sending env LANG = en_US.UTF-8 debug2: channel 0: request env confirm 0 debug3: Ignored env SHLVL debug3: Ignored env HOME debug3: Ignored env LANGUAGE debug3: Ignored env LOGNAME debug3: Ignored env SSH_CONNECTION debug3: Ignored env LESSOPEN debug3: Ignored env LESSCLOSE debug3: Ignored env _ debug1: Sending command: rsync --server -logDtpre.iLsf . /home/{username}/test/ debug2: channel 0: request exec confirm 1 debug2: fd 3 setting TCP_NODELAY debug2: callback done debug2: channel 0: open confirm rwindow 0 rmax 32768 debug3: Wrote 208 bytes for a total of 2487 At this point everything freeze for lots of minutes, ending in Write failed: Broken pipe rsync: connection unexpectedly closed (0 bytes received so far) [sender] rsync error: unexplained error (code 255) at io.c(601) [sender=3.0.7] Any suggestion? Thank You F. Edit 2012/09/13: i am changing title and issue definition, since i made some TINY step ahead and i think i can give more detailed clues.

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  • Ctrl-C behavior in gmone-terminal

    - by sev
    I have installed Ubuntu 10.04. It works fine, but when I press Ctrl-C in gnome-terminal I get: user@desktop:~$ ^C user@desktop:~$ ^C user@desktop:~$ In Ubuntu 9.04 (I did have it before) it was so: user@desktop:~$ user@desktop:~$ user@desktop:~$ Who knows how can I fix this?

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  • Windows partition and double operation system

    - by metdos
    I bought a notebook, Sony Vaio VPC-EB1M1E and I want to make partition and use both windows-7 and Linux(Ubuntu). Should I make partition from inside windows, or should make partition using recovery discs? There is windows-installer version of Ubuntu, should I use it, or should I install it separately? Thanks.

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  • Possible to simulate a NDMP backup?

    - by Sandra
    I like to try Amanda's and Bacula's NDMP backup features, but I don't wan't to try it out on the live NAS, just yet. Ideally would I like to find out which that suites me best, and get familiar with before trying to make a real NDMP backup from the NAS. Question Is it somehow possible to simulate a NDMP backup with some Linux hosts? Or formulated in another way: Does there exist a NDMP daemon I can install on a Linux host, so it pretends to be a NAS?

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  • Possible to mount an ext4 partition image via FUSE?

    - by Catskul
    I'm attempting to mount an ext4 partition image in userspace. (no sudo, no special config/permissions modification to /dev/loop0 or /etc/fstab etc). So I'm hoping FUSE will come to the rescue. However it seems that each file system mounted through the FUSE system needs to have a special FUSE driver, and I've not been able to find a linux read-write ext4 FUSE driver for linux. Is there a way to mount ext4 images via FUSE (with write permission)?

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  • Does more heat generation mean more wear and tear?

    - by Suhail Gupta
    I read that hardware generally used on PC is not optimized for running Linux. That is the reason the machine emits large amount of heat and doesn't give the battery back up , that we will get while working on windows. ~REF Does it also mean more wear and tear of the hardware (when using linux as compared when using windows ) ? Note : I have personally experienced large heat emission while working with Fedora 16 and Ubuntu 11.xx on my laptop.

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  • Steganography software

    - by dag729
    Do you know some good (better if FOSS and cross-platform) steganography software that runs on GNU/Linux? The features I'm searching are: steganography software (better if FOSS and cross-platform) it must run on GNU/Linux must hide data inside audio/video/image files support of additional cryptography I already use a cryptographic software, but I want to use a steganographic one as an addition to it. Any suggestions will be appreciated, thanks a lot in advance!

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  • bigbluebutton or openmeetings?

    - by Adam Monsen
    I want to set up a server for small group meetings. I'm looking for features like audio conferencing, multi-point video, screen sharing... stuff like that. I'm familiar/comfortable administering Ubuntu servers, so for this task I'd likely fire up a small EC2 server running Ubuntu. I'm most interested in using FLOSS. I see there are at least a couple of options out there. For example: bigbluebutton and openmeetings. Anyone installed either (or a different one) and have recommendations/tips? If yes, have you ever upgraded same? I notice bigbluebutton has deb packages, so that might be pretty straightforward. openmeetings appears to support logging in with a facebook account; that might be a good way to avoid having to manage logins.

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  • Reasons for missing IP info in `last` output on pts logins?

    - by Mike Pennington
    I have five CentOS 6 linux systems at work, and encountered a rather strange issue that only seems to happen with my userid across all the linux systems I have... This is an example of the problem from entries I excepted from the last command... mpenning pts/19 Fri Nov 16 10:32 - 10:35 (00:03) mpenning pts/17 Fri Nov 16 10:21 - 10:42 (00:21) bill pts/15 sol-bill.local Fri Nov 16 10:19 - 10:36 (00:16) mpenning pts/1 192.0.2.91 Fri Nov 16 10:17 - 10:49 (12+00:31) kkim14 pts/14 192.0.2.225 Thu Nov 15 18:02 - 15:17 (4+21:15) gduarte pts/10 192.0.2.135 Thu Nov 15 12:33 - 08:10 (11+19:36) gduarte pts/9 192.0.2.135 Thu Nov 15 12:31 - 08:10 (11+19:38) kkim14 pts/0 :0.0 Thu Nov 15 12:27 - 15:17 (5+02:49) gduarte pts/6 192.0.2.135 Thu Nov 15 11:44 - 08:10 (11+20:25) kkim14 pts/13 192.0.2.225 Thu Nov 15 09:56 - 15:17 (5+05:20) kkim14 pts/12 192.0.2.225 Thu Nov 15 08:28 - 15:17 (5+06:49) kkim14 pts/11 192.0.2.225 Thu Nov 15 08:26 - 15:17 (5+06:50) dspencer pts/8 192.0.2.130 Wed Nov 14 18:24 still logged in mpenning pts/18 alpha-console-1. Mon Nov 12 14:41 - 14:46 (00:04) You can see two of my pts login entries above that do not have a source IP address associated with them. My CentOS machines have as many as six other users that share the systems, but the mpenning userid is the only one that has this issue. Approximately 5% of my logins see this issue, but no other usernames exhibit this behavior. Questions Given the kind of scripts I keep on these systems (which control much of our network infrastructure), I'm a little spooked by this and would like to understand what would cause my logins to occasionally miss source addresses. Is there anything (other than malicious activity) that would reasonably explain the behavior? Other than bash history timestamping, are there other things I can do to track the issue down? Informational Since this started happening, I enabled bash history time-stamping (i.e. HISTTIMEFORMAT="%y-%m-%d %T " in .bash_profile) and also added a few other bash history hacks; however, that does not give clues to what happened during the previous occurrences. All the systems run CentOS 6.3... [mpenning@typo ~]$ uname -a Linux typo.local 2.6.32-279.9.1.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Sep 25 21:43:11 UTC 2012 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux [mpenning@typo ~]$ EDIT If I use last -i mpenning, I see entries like this... mpenning pts/19 0.0.0.0 Fri Nov 16 10:32 - 10:35 (00:03) mpenning pts/17 0.0.0.0 Fri Nov 16 10:21 - 10:42 (00:21)

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  • Any way to recover ext4 filesystems from a deleted LVM logical volume?

    - by Vegar Nilsen
    The other day I had a proper brain fart moment while expanding a disk on a Linux guest under Vmware. I stretched the Vmware disk file to the desired size and then I did what I usually do on Linux guests without LVM: I deleted the LVM partition and recreated it, starting in the same spot as the old one, but extended to the new size of the disk. (Which will be followed by fsck and resize2fs.) And then I realized that LVM doesn't behave the same way as ext2/3/4 on raw partitions... After restoring the Linux guest from the most recent backup (taken only five hours earlier, luckily) I'm now curious on how I could have recovered from the following scenario. It's after all virtually guaranteed that I'll be a dumb ass in the future as well. Virtual Linux guest with one disk, partitioned into one /boot (primary) partition (/dev/sda1) of 256MB, and the rest in a logical, extended partition (/dev/sda5). /dev/sda5 is then setup as a physical volume with pvcreate, and one volume group (vgroup00) created on top of it with the usual vgcreate command. vgroup00 is then split into two logical volumes root and swap, which are used for / and swap, logically. / is an ext4 file system. Since I had backups of the broken guest I was able to recreate the volume group with vgcfgrestore from the backup LVM setup found under /etc/lvm/backup, with the same UUID for the physical volume and all that. After running this I had two logical volumes with the same size as earlier, with 4GB free space where I had stretched the disk. However, when I tried to run "fsck /dev/mapper/vgroup00-root" it complained about a broken superblock. I tried to locate backup superblocks by running "mke2fs -n /dev/mapper/vgroup00-root" but none of those worked either. Then I tried to run TestDisk but when I asked it to find superblocks it only gave an error about not being able to open the file system due to a broken file system. So, with the default allocation policy for LVM2 in Ubuntu Server 10.04 64-bit, is it possible that the logical volumes are allocated from the end of the volume group? That would definitely explain why the restored logical volumes didn't contain the expected data. Could I have recovered by recreating /dev/sda5 with exactly the same size and disk position as earlier? Are there any other tools I could have used to find and recover the file system? (And clearly, the question is not whether or not I should have done this in a different way from the start, I know that. This is a question about what to do when shit has already hit the fan.)

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  • Samba server with Virtual Box Guest

    - by Anwar Shah
    I want to setup a samba server on My Ubuntu host for My Windows Guest in Virtual Box. I am using Ubuntu 12.04 and Windows version is Windows XP. VirtualBox 4.1.0.0 The Question is : How can I achieve this or Is it possible? Note: I am not trying to use the shared folder feature of Virtual Box. I used that feature already. Please Remember that I have only a physical machine. The other one is virtual.

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  • Help with a netcat command for windows

    - by Mestika
    Hi, I've a command for netcat which is for Linux, but I need to run it on my Windows through cmd. The Linux command is: nc localhost 4444 < myfile.file and in particular I need to get the "<" to work; means I need to get it to run a file on the setting above. Sincere Mestika

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