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  • django customizing form labels

    - by Henri
    I have a problem in customizing labels in a Django form This is the form code in file contact_form.py: from django import forms class ContactForm(forms.Form): def __init__(self, subject_label="Subject", message_label="Message", email_label="Your email", cc_myself_label="Cc myself", *args, **kwargs): super(ContactForm, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs) self.fields['subject'].label = subject_label self.fields['message'].label = message_label self.fields['email'].label = email_label self.fields['cc_myself'].label = cc_myself_label subject = forms.CharField(widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'size':'60'})) message = forms.CharField(widget=forms.Textarea(attrs={'rows':15, 'cols':80})) email = forms.EmailField(widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'size':'60'})) cc_myself = forms.BooleanField(required=False) The view I am using this in looks like: def contact(request, product_id=None): . . . if request.method == 'POST': form = contact_form.ContactForm(request.POST) if form.is_valid(): . . else: form = contact_form.ContactForm( subject_label = "Subject", message_label = "Your Message", email_label = "Your email", cc_myself_label = "Cc myself") The strings used for initializing the labels will eventually be strings dependent on the language, i.e. English, Dutch, French etc. When I test the form the email is not sent and instead of the redirect-page the form returns with: <QueryDict: {u'cc_myself': [u'on'], u'message': [u'message body'], u'email':[u'[email protected]'], u'subject': [u'test message']}>: where the subject label was before. This is obviously a dictionary representing the form fields and their contents. When I change the file contact_form.py into: from django import forms class ContactForm(forms.Form): """ def __init__(self, subject_label="Subject", message_label="Message", email_label="Your email", cc_myself_label="Cc myself", *args, **kwargs): super(ContactForm, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs) self.fields['subject'].label = subject_label self.fields['message'].label = message_label self.fields['email'].label = email_label self.fields['cc_myself'].label = cc_myself_label """ subject = forms.CharField(widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'size':'60'})) message = forms.CharField(widget=forms.Textarea(attrs={'rows':15, 'cols':80})) email = forms.EmailField(widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'size':'60'})) cc_myself = forms.BooleanField(required=False) i.e. disabling the initialization then everything works. The form data is sent by email and the redirect page shows up. So obviously something the the init code isn't right. But what? I would really appreciate some help.

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  • Update element values using xml.dom.minidom

    - by amnesia-55
    Hello, I have an XML structure which looks similar to: <Store> <foo> <book> <isbn>123456</isbn> </book> <title>XYZ</title> <checkout>no</checkout> </foo> <bar> <book> <isbn>7890</isbn> </book> <title>XYZ2</title> <checkout>yes</checkout> </bar> </Store> Using xml.dom.minidom only (restrictions) i would like to 1)traverse through the XML file 2)Search/Get for particular element, depending on its parent Example: checkout element for author1, isbn for author2 3)Change/Set that element's value 4)Write the new XML structure to a file Can anyone help here? Thank you! UPDATE: This is what i have done till now import xml.dom.minidom checkout = "yes" def getLoneChild(node, tagname): assert ((node is not None) and (tagname is not None)) elem = node.getElementsByTagName(tagname) if ((elem is None) or (len(elem) != 1)): return None return elem def getLoneLeaf(node, tagname): assert ((node is not None) and (tagname is not None)) elem = node.getElementsByTagName(tagname) if ((elem is None) or (len(elem) != 1)): return None leaf = elem[0].firstChild if (leaf is None): return None return leaf.data def setcheckout(node, tagname): assert ((node is not None) and (tagname is not None)) child = getLoneChild(node, 'foo') Check = getLoneLeaf(child[0],'checkout') Check = tagname return Check doc = xml.dom.minidom.parse('test.xml') root = doc.getElementsByTagName('Store')[0] output = setcheckout(root, checkout) tmp_config = '/tmp/tmp_config.xml' fw = open(tmp_config, 'w') fw.write(doc.toxml()) fw.close()

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  • Set predefine form value (webbrowser control)

    - by Khou
    Hi I want to load my windows form: web browser thats using the webbrowser control, It would load a web page, and load my defination and search for elements that has been define, it will then assign the default values and these values can not be changed by the end user. Example If my application finds "FirstName" it would always assign the value "John" If my application finds "LastName" it would always assign the value "Smith" (these values should not be changed by the end user). Here's how to do it in HTML/JAVASCRIPT, but how do i do this in a windows form? HTML <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN"> <html> <head> <title>page title</title> <script script type="text/javascript" src="demo1.js"></script> </head> <body onload="def(document.someform, 'name', 'my default name value');"> <h2 style="color: #8e9182">test form title</h2> <form name="someform" id="someform_frm" action="#"> <table cellspacing="1"> <tr><td><label for="name">NameX: </label></td><td><input type="text" size="30" maxlength="155" name="name" onchange="def(document.someform, 'name', 'my default name value');"></td></tr> <tr><td><label for="name2">NameY: </label></td><td><input type="text" size="30" maxlength="155" name="name2"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"><input type="button" name="submit" value="Submit" onclick="showFormData(this.form);" ></td></table> </form> </body> </html> JAVASCRIPT function def(oForm, element_name, def_txt) { oForm.elements[element_name].value = def_txt; }

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  • Newbie python error in regards to import

    - by TylerW
    Hello. I'm a python newbie and starting out with using the Bottle web framework on Google App Engine. I've been messing with the super small, super easy Hello World sample and have already ran into problems. Heh. I finally got the code to work with this... import bottle from bottle import route from google.appengine.ext.webapp import util @route('/hello') def hello(): return "Hello World!" util.run_wsgi_app(bottle.default_app()) My question is, I thought I could just go 'import bottle' without the second line. But if I take the second line out, I get a NameError. Or if I do 'from bottle import *', I still get the error. bottle is just a single file called 'bottle.py' in my site's root directory. So neither of these work.... import bottle from google.appengine.ext.webapp import util @route('/hello') def hello(): return "Hello World!" util.run_wsgi_app(bottle.default_app()) Or from bottle import * from google.appengine.ext.webapp import util @route('/hello') def hello(): return "Hello World!" util.run_wsgi_app(bottle.default_app()) The error message I get is... Traceback (most recent call last): File "/Applications/GoogleAppEngineLauncher.app/Contents/Resources/GoogleAppEngine-default.bundle/Contents/Resources/google_appengine/google/appengine/tools/dev_appserver.py", line 3180, in _HandleRequest self._Dispatch(dispatcher, self.rfile, outfile, env_dict) File "/Applications/GoogleAppEngineLauncher.app/Contents/Resources/GoogleAppEngine-default.bundle/Contents/Resources/google_appengine/google/appengine/tools/dev_appserver.py", line 3123, in _Dispatch base_env_dict=env_dict) File "/Applications/GoogleAppEngineLauncher.app/Contents/Resources/GoogleAppEngine-default.bundle/Contents/Resources/google_appengine/google/appengine/tools/dev_appserver.py", line 515, in Dispatch base_env_dict=base_env_dict) File "/Applications/GoogleAppEngineLauncher.app/Contents/Resources/GoogleAppEngine-default.bundle/Contents/Resources/google_appengine/google/appengine/tools/dev_appserver.py", line 2382, in Dispatch self._module_dict) File "/Applications/GoogleAppEngineLauncher.app/Contents/Resources/GoogleAppEngine-default.bundle/Contents/Resources/google_appengine/google/appengine/tools/dev_appserver.py", line 2292, in ExecuteCGI reset_modules = exec_script(handler_path, cgi_path, hook) File "/Applications/GoogleAppEngineLauncher.app/Contents/Resources/GoogleAppEngine-default.bundle/Contents/Resources/google_appengine/google/appengine/tools/dev_appserver.py", line 2188, in ExecuteOrImportScript exec module_code in script_module.dict File "/Users/tyler/Dropbox/sites/dietgrid/code2.py", line 4, in @route('/hello') NameError: name 'route' is not defined So am I wrong in thinking it should be able to work the other ways or no?

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  • Bitbucket API authentication with Python's HTTPBasicAuthHandler

    - by jbochi
    I'm trying to get the list of issues on a private repository using bitbucket's API. I have confirmed that HTTP Basic authentication works with hurl, but I am unable to authenticate in Python. Adapting the code from this tutorial, I have written the following script. import cookielib import urllib2 class API(): api_url = 'http://api.bitbucket.org/1.0/' def __init__(self, username, password): self._opener = self._create_opener(username, password) def _create_opener(self, username, password): cj = cookielib.LWPCookieJar() cookie_handler = urllib2.HTTPCookieProcessor(cj) password_manager = urllib2.HTTPPasswordMgrWithDefaultRealm() password_manager.add_password(None, self.api_url, username, password) auth_handler = urllib2.HTTPBasicAuthHandler(password_manager) opener = urllib2.build_opener(cookie_handler, auth_handler) return opener def get_issues(self, username, repository): query_url = self.api_url + 'repositories/%s/%s/issues/' % (username, repository) try: handler = self._opener.open(query_url) except urllib2.HTTPError, e: print e.headers raise e return handler.read() api = API(username='my_username', password='XXXXXXXX') api.get_issues('my_username', 'my_repository') results in: >>> Server: nginx/0.7.62 Date: Mon, 19 Apr 2010 16:15:06 GMT Content-Type: text/plain Connection: close Vary: Authorization,Cookie Content-Length: 9 Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:/USERS/personal/bitbucket-burndown/bitbucket-api.py", line 29, in <module> print api.get_issues('my_username', 'my_repository') File "C:/USERS/personal/bitbucket-burndown/bitbucket-api.py", line 25, in get_issues raise e HTTPError: HTTP Error 401: UNAUTHORIZED api.get_issues('jespern', 'bitbucket') works like a charm. What's wrong with my code?

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  • Params order in Foo.new(params[:foo]), need one before the other (Rails)

    - by Jeena
    I have a problem which I don't know how to fix. It has to do with the unsorted params hash. I have a object Reservation which has a virtual time= attribute and a virtual eating_session= attribute when I set the time= I also want to validate it via an external server request. I do that with help of the method times() which makes a lookup on a other server and saves all possible times in the @times variable. The problem now is that the method times() needs the eating_session attribute to find out which times are valid, but rails sometimes calls the times= method first, before there is any eating_session in the Reservation object when I just do @reservation = Reservation.new(params[:reservation]) class ReservationsController < ApplicationController def new @reservation = Reservation.new(params[:reservation]) # ... end end class Reservation < ActiveRecord::Base include SoapClient attr_accessor :date, :time belongs_to :eating_session def time=(time) @time = times.find { |t| t[:time] == time } end def times return @times if defined? @times @times = [] response = call_soap :search_availability { # eating_session is sometimes nil :session_id => eating_session.code, # <- HERE IS THE PROBLEM :dining_date => date } response[:result].each do |result| @times << { :time => "#{DateTime.parse(result[:time]).strftime("%H:%M")}", :correlation_data => result[:correlation_data] } end @times end end I have no idea how to fix this, any help is apriciated.

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  • Python win32com - Automating Word - How to replace text in a text box?

    - by Greg
    I'm trying to automate word to replace text in a word document using Python. (I'm on word 2003 if that matters and Python 2.4) The first part of my replace method below works on everything except text in text boxes. The text just doesn't get selected. I notice when I go into Word manually and hit ctrl-A all of the text gets selected except for the text box. Here's my code so far: class Word: def __init__(self,visible=0,screenupdating=0): pythoncom.CoInitialize() self.app=gencache.EnsureDispatch(WORD) self.app.Visible = visible self.app.DisplayAlerts = 0 self.app.ScreenUpdating = screenupdating print 'Starting word' def open(self,doc): self.opendoc=os.path.basename(doc) self.app.Documents.Open(FileName=doc) def replace(self,source,target): if target=='':target=' ' alltext=self.app.Documents(self.opendoc).Range(Start=0,End=self.app.Documents(self.opendoc).Characters.Count) #select all alltext.Find.Text = source alltext.Find.Replacement.Text = target alltext.Find.Execute(Replace=1,Forward=True) #Special handling to do replace in text boxes #http://word.tips.net/Pages/T003879_Updating_a_Field_in_a_Text_Box.html for shp in self.app.Documents(self.opendoc).Shapes: if shp.TextFrame.HasText: shp.TextFrame.TextRange.Find.Text = source shp.TextFrame.TextRange.Find.Replacement.Text = target shp.TextFrame.TextRange.Find.Execute(Replace=1,Forward=True) #My Usage word=Word(visible=1,screenupdating=1) word.open(r'C:\Invoice Automation\testTB.doc') word.replace('[PGN]','1') The for shp in self.app .. section is my attempt to hit the text boxes. It seems to find the text box, but it doesn't replace anything.

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  • undefined method `user_sessions_path' for #<ActionView::Base:0xdb3158>

    - by mrbernz
    I'm getting this error that's driving me up the wall. I don't see what's going on... I've followed instructions to the T and it's still complaining - help please!! I've got extracts of the error message, controller file, login page and routes file. Error message NoMethodError in User_sessions#new Showing app/views/user_sessions/new.html.erb where line #4 raised: undefined method `user_sessions_path' for # Extracted source (around line #4): 1: 2: User Login 3: 4: <% form_for @user_session do |f| % 5: <%= f.error_messages % 6: 7: controller/user_sessions_controller.rb class UserSessionsController < ApplicationController before_filter :require_no_user, :only = [:new, :create] before_filter :require_user, :only = :destroy def new @user_session = UserSession.new end def create @user_session = UserSession.new(params[:user_session]) if @user_session.save flash[:notice] = "Login successful!" redirect_to root_url #redirect_back_or_default account_url else render :action = :new end end def destroy current_user_session.destroy flash[:notice] = "Logout successful!" redirect_to root_url #redirect_back_or_default account_url end end user_sessions/new.html.erb User Login <% form_for @user_session do |f| % <%= f.error_messages % <%= f.label :Email % <%= f.text_field :email % <%= f.label :Password % <%= f.password_field :password % <%= f.submit "Submit" % <% end % routes.rb file ActionController::Routing::Routes.draw do |map| map.login "login", :controller = "user_sessions", :action = "new" Am I look in in the wrong place??

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  • Function syntax puzzler in scalaz

    - by oxbow_lakes
    Following watching Nick Partidge's presentation on deriving scalaz, I got to looking at this example, which is just awesome: import scalaz._ import Scalaz._ def even(x: Int) : Validation[NonEmptyList[String], Int] = if (x % 2 ==0) x.success else "not even: %d".format(x).wrapNel.fail println( even(3) <|*|> even(5) ) //prints: Failure(NonEmptyList(not even: 3, not even: 5)) I was trying to understand what the <|*|> method was doing, here is the source code: def <|*|>[B](b: M[B])(implicit t: Functor[M], a: Apply[M]): M[(A, B)] = <**>(b, (_: A, _: B)) OK, that is fairly confusing (!) - but it references the <**> method, which is declared thus: def <**>[B, C](b: M[B], z: (A, B) => C)(implicit t: Functor[M], a: Apply[M]): M[C] = a(t.fmap(value, z.curried), b) So I have a few questions: How come the method appears to take a monad of one type parameter (M[B]) but can get passed a Validation (which has two type paremeters)? How does the syntax (_: A, _: B) define the function (A, B) => C which the 2nd method expects? It doesn't even define an output via =>

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  • Is there an easy way to get the Scala REPL to reload a class or package?

    - by Rex Kerr
    I almost always have a Scala REPL session or two open, which makes it very easy to give Java or Scala classes a quick test. But if I change a class and recompile it, the REPL continues with the old one loaded. Is there a way to get it to reload the class, rather than having to restart the REPL? Just to give a concrete example, suppose we have the file Test.scala: object Test { def hello = "Hello World" } We compile it and start the REPL: ~/pkg/scala-2.8.0.Beta1-prerelease$ bin/scala Welcome to Scala version 2.8.0.Beta1-prerelease (Java HotSpot(TM) Server VM, Java 1.6.0_16). Type in expressions to have them evaluated. Type :help for more information. scala> Test.hello res0: java.lang.String = Hello World Then we change the source file to object Test { def hello = "Hello World" def goodbye = "Goodbye, Cruel World" } but we can't use it: scala> Test.goodbye <console>:5: error: value goodbye is not a member of object Test Test.goodbye ^ scala> import Test; <console>:1: error: '.' expected but ';' found. import Test;

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  • Authlogic Current User Question - hiding admin links...

    - by bgadoci
    I think I am missing something while using the Authlogic gem w/ Rails. To set the stage I have multiple users and each user can create posts and comments. Upon the display of a post or comment I would like to give the user who created them the option to edit or destroy. I am successfully using the following code to hide and show elements based on if a user is logged in or not but can't seem to find out how to only show these links to the actual user who created them...not any user that is logged in. <% if current_user %> <%= link_to 'Edit', edit_question_path(question) %> | <%= link_to 'Destroy', question, :confirm => 'Are you sure?', :method => :delete %> <% else %> <p>nothing to see here</p> <% end %> Here is the def of current_user located in the application controller in case I need to change something here. class ApplicationController < ActionController::Base helper :all # include all helpers, all the time protect_from_forgery # See ActionController::RequestForgeryProtection for details# helper_method :current_user private def current_user_session return @current_user_session if defined?(@current_user_session) @current_user_session = UserSession.find end def current_user return @current_user if defined?(@current_user) @current_user = current_user_session && current_user_session.record end end

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  • Django Form Preview

    - by Mark Kecko
    I'm trying to use django's FormPreview and I can't get it to work properly. Here's my code: forms.py class MyForm(forms.ModelForm): status = forms.TypedChoiceField( coerce=int, choices=LIST_STATUS, label="type", widget=forms.RadioSelect ) description = forms.CharField(widget = forms.Textarea) stage = forms.CharField() def __init__(self, useradd=None, *args, **kwargs): super(MyForm, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs) self.fields['firm'].label = "Firm" class Meta: model = MyModel fields = ['status', 'description', 'stage'] class MyFormPreview(FormPreview): form_template = 'templates/post.html' preview_template = 'templates/review.html' def process_preview(self, request, cleaned_data): print "processed" def done(self, request, cleaned_data): print "done" # Do something with the cleaned_data, then redirect # to a "success" page. return HttpResponseRedirect('/') urls.py (r'^post/$', MyFormPreview(MyForm)), post.html <form id = "post_ad" action = "" method = "POST" enctype="multipart/form-data"> <table> {{form.as_table}} </table> <input type="submit" name="save" value="Post" /> </form> When I go to /post/ I get the correct form and I fill it out. When I submit the form it goes right back to /post/ but but there are no errors (I've tried displaying {{errors}}) and the form is empty. None of my print statements execute. I'm not sure what I'm missing. Can anyone help me out? I can't find any documentation besides what's on the django site. Also, what's the "preview" variable called that I should use in my preview.html template? {{preview}} or do I just do {{form}} again? -- Answered below. I tried adding 'django.contrib.formtools' to my installed_apps in settings and I tried using the code from the default form templates from django.contrib as suggested below. Still, when I submit the form I go right back to the post template, none of my print statements execute :(

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  • Django1.1 model field value preprocessing before returning

    - by Satoru.Logic
    Hi, all. I have a model class like this: class Note(models.Model): author = models.ForeignKey(User, related_name='notes') content = NoteContentField(max_length=256) NoteContentField is a custom sub-class of CharField that override the to_python method in purpose of doing some twitter-text-conversion processing. class NoteContentField(models.CharField): __metaclass__ = models.SubfieldBase def to_python(self, value): value = super(NoteContentField, self).to_python(value) from ..utils import linkify return mark_safe(linkify(value)) However, this doesn't work. When I save a Note object like this: note = Note(author=request.use, content=form.cleaned_data['content']) note.save() The conversed value is saved into the database, which is not what I wanna see. What I'm trying to do is to save the raw content into the database, and only make the conversion when the content attribute is later accessed. Would you please tell me what's wrong with this? Thanks to Pierre and Daniel. I have figured out what's wrong. I thought the text-conversion code should be in either to_python or get_db_prep_value, and that's wrong. I should override both of them, make to_python do the conversion and get_db_prep_value return the unconversed value: from ..utils import linkify class NoteContentField(models.CharField): __metaclass__ = models.SubfieldBase def to_python(self, value): self._raw_value = super(NoteContentField, self).to_python(value) return mark_safe(linkify(self._raw_value)) def get_db_prep_value(self, value): return self._raw_value I wonder if there is a better way to implement this?

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  • Using Scala structural types with abstract types

    - by Joshua Hartman
    I'm trying to define a structural type defining anything that has an "add" method (for instance, a java collection or a java map). Using this, I want to define a few higher order functions that operate on a certain collection object GenericTypes { type GenericCollection[T] = { def add(value: T): java.lang.Boolean} } import GenericTypes._ trait HigherOrderFunctions[T, CollectionType[X] <: GenericCollection[X]] { def map[V](fn: (T) => V): CollectionType[V] .... } class RichJList[T](list: List[T]) extends HigherOrderFunctions[T, java.util.List] This does not compile with the following error error: Parameter type in structural refinement may not refer to abstract type defined outside that same refinement I tried removing the parameter on GenericCollection and putting it on the method: object GenericTypes { type GenericCollection = { def add[T](value: T): java.lang.Boolean} } import GenericTypes._ trait HigherOrderFunctions[T, CollectionType[X] <: GenericCollection] class RichJList[T](list: List[T]) extends HigherOrderFunctions[T, java.util.List] but I get another error: error: type arguments [T,java.util.List] do not conform to trait HigherOrderFunctions's type parameter bounds [T,CollectionType[X] <: org.scala_tools.javautils.j2s.GenericTypes.GenericCollection] Can anyone give me some advice on how to use structural typing with abstract typed parameters in Scala? Or how to achieve what I'm looking to accomplish? Thanks so much!

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  • Selenium RC: how to capture/handle error?

    - by KenBurnsFan1
    Hi, My test uses Selenium to loop through a CSV list of URLs via an HTTP proxy (working script below). As I watch the script run I can see about 10% of the calls produce "Proxy error: 502" ("Bad_Gateway"); however, the errors are not captured by my catch-all "except Exception" clause -- ie: instead of writing 'error' in the appropriate row of the "output.csv", they get passed to the else clause and produce a short piece of html that starts: "Proxy error: 502 Read from server failed: Unknown error." Also, if I collect all the URLs which returned 502s and re-run the script, they all pass, which leads me to believe that this is a sporadic network path issue. Question: Can the script be made to recognize the the 502 errors, sleep a minute, and then retry the URL instead of moving on to the next URL in the list? The only alternative that I can think of is to apply re.search("Proxy error: 502") after "get_html_source" as a way to catch the bad calls. Then, if the RE matches, put the script to sleep for a minute and then retry 'sel.open(row[0]' on the URL which produced the 502. Any advice would be much appreciated. Thanks! #python 2.6 from selenium import selenium import unittest, time, re, csv, logging class Untitled(unittest.TestCase): def setUp(self): self.verificationErrors = [] self.selenium = selenium("localhost", 4444, "*firefox", "http://baseDomain.com") self.selenium.start() self.selenium.set_timeout("60000") def test_untitled(self): sel = self.selenium spamReader = csv.reader(open('ListOfSubDomains.csv', 'rb')) for row in spamReader: try: sel.open(row[0]) except Exception: ofile = open('output.csv', 'ab') ofile.write("error" + '\n') ofile.close() else: time.sleep(5) html = sel.get_html_source() ofile = open('output.csv', 'ab') ofile.write(html.encode('utf-8') + '\n') ofile.close() def tearDown(self): self.selenium.stop() self.assertEqual([], self.verificationErrors) if __name__ == "__main__": unittest.main()

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  • CharField values disappearing after save (readonly field)

    - by jamida
    I'm implementing simple "grade book" application where the teacher would be able to update the grades w/o being allowed to change the students' names (at least not on the update grade page). To do this I'm using one of the read-only tricks, the simplest one. The problem is that after the SUBMIT the view is re-displayed with 'blank' values for the students. I'd like the students' names to re-appear. Below is the simplest example that exhibits this problem. (This is poor DB design, I know, I've extracted just the relevant parts of the code to showcase the problem. In the real example, student is in its own table but the problem still exists there.) models.py class Grade1(models.Model): student = models.CharField(max_length=50, unique=True) finalGrade = models.CharField(max_length=3) class Grade1OForm(ModelForm): student = forms.CharField(max_length=50, required=False) def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): super(Grade1OForm,self).__init__(*args, **kwargs) instance = getattr(self, 'instance', None) if instance and instance.id: self.fields['student'].widget.attrs['readonly'] = True self.fields['student'].widget.attrs['disabled'] = 'disabled' def clean_student(self): instance = getattr(self,'instance',None) if instance: return instance.student else: return self.cleaned_data.get('student',None) class Meta: model=Grade1 views.py from django.forms.models import modelformset_factory def modifyAllGrades1(request): gradeFormSetFactory = modelformset_factory(Grade1, form=Grade1OForm, extra=0) studentQueryset = Grade1.objects.all() if request.method=='POST': myGradeFormSet = gradeFormSetFactory(request.POST, queryset=studentQueryset) if myGradeFormSet.is_valid(): myGradeFormSet.save() info = "successfully modified" else: myGradeFormSet = gradeFormSetFactory(queryset=studentQueryset) return render_to_response('grades/modifyAllGrades.html',locals()) template <p>{{ info }}</p> <form method="POST" action=""> <table> {{ myGradeFormSet.management_form }} {% for myform in myGradeFormSet.forms %} {# myform.as_table #} <tr> {% for field in myform %} <td> {{ field }} {{ field.errors }} </td> {% endfor %} </tr> {% endfor %} </table> <input type="submit" value="Submit"> </form>

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  • reactor not working when reactor.run is not called in the main thread and installSignalHandlers=Fals

    - by Kalmi
    I'm trying to answer the following question out of personal interest: What is the fastest way to send 100,000 HTTP requests in Python? And this is what I have came up so far, but I'm experiencing something very stange. When installSignalHandlers is True, it just hangs. I can see that the DelayedCall instances are in reactor._newTimedCalls, but processResponse never gets called. When installSignalHandlers is False, it throws an error and works. from twisted.internet import reactor from twisted.web.client import Agent from threading import Semaphore, Thread import time concurrent = 100 s = Semaphore(concurrent) reactor.suggestThreadPoolSize(concurrent) t=Thread( target=reactor.run, kwargs={'installSignalHandlers':True}) t.daemon=True t.start() agent = Agent(reactor) def processResponse(response,url): print response.code, url s.release() def processError(response,url): print "error", url s.release() def addTask(url): req = agent.request('HEAD', url) req.addCallback(processResponse, url) req.addErrback(processError, url) for url in open('urllist.txt'): addTask(url.strip()) s.acquire() while s._Semaphore__value!=concurrent: time.sleep(0.1) reactor.stop() And here is the error that it throws when installSignalHandlers is True: (Note: This is the expected behaviour! The question is why it doesn't work when installSignalHandlers is False.) Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/twisted/internet/base.py", line 396, in fireEvent DeferredList(beforeResults).addCallback(self._continueFiring) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/twisted/internet/defer.py", line 224, in addCallback callbackKeywords=kw) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/twisted/internet/defer.py", line 213, in addCallbacks self._runCallbacks() File "/usr/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/twisted/internet/defer.py", line 371, in _runCallbacks self.result = callback(self.result, *args, **kw) --- <exception caught here> --- File "/usr/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/twisted/internet/base.py", line 409, in _continueFiring callable(*args, **kwargs) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/twisted/internet/base.py", line 1165, in _reallyStartRunning self._handleSignals() File "/usr/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/twisted/internet/base.py", line 1105, in _handleSignals signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, self.sigInt) exceptions.ValueError: signal only works in main thread What am I doing wrong and what is the right way? I'm new to twisted.

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  • Why do you have to explicitly specify scope with friendly_id?

    - by nfm
    I'm using the friendly_id gem. I also have my routes nested: # config/routes.rb map.resources :users do |user| user.resources :events end So I have URLs like /users/nfm/events/birthday-2009. In my models, I want the event title to be scoped to the username, so that both nfm and mrmagoo can have events birthday-2009 without them being slugged. # app/models/event.rb def Event < ActiveRecord::Base has_friendly_id :title, :use_slug => true, :scope => :user belongs_to :user ... end I'm also using has_friendly_id :username in my User model. However, in my controller, I'm only pulling out events pertinent to the user who is logged in (current_user): def EventsController < ApplicationController def show @event = current_user.events.find(params[:id]) end ... end This doesn't work; I get the error ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound; expected scope but got none. # This works @event = current_user.events.find(params[:id], :scope => 'nfm') # This doesn't work, even though User has_friendly_id, so current_user.to_param _should_ return "nfm" @event = current_user.events.find(params[:id], :scope => current_user) # But this does work! @event = current_user.events.find(params[:id], :scope => current_user.to_param) SO, why do I need to explicitly specify :scope if I'm restricting it to current_user.events anyway? And why does current_user.to_param need to be called explicitly? Can I override this?

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  • Are there some cases where Python threads can safely manipulate shared state?

    - by erikg
    Some discussion in another question has encouraged me to to better understand cases where locking is required in multithreaded Python programs. Per this article on threading in Python, I have several solid, testable examples of pitfalls that can occur when multiple threads access shared state. The example race condition provided on this page involves races between threads reading and manipulating a shared variable stored in a dictionary. I think the case for a race here is very obvious, and fortunately is eminently testable. However, I have been unable to evoke a race condition with atomic operations such as list appends or variable increments. This test exhaustively attempts to demonstrate such a race: from threading import Thread, Lock import operator def contains_all_ints(l, n): l.sort() for i in xrange(0, n): if l[i] != i: return False return True def test(ntests): results = [] threads = [] def lockless_append(i): results.append(i) for i in xrange(0, ntests): threads.append(Thread(target=lockless_append, args=(i,))) threads[i].start() for i in xrange(0, ntests): threads[i].join() if len(results) != ntests or not contains_all_ints(results, ntests): return False else: return True for i in range(0,100): if test(100000): print "OK", i else: print "appending to a list without locks *is* unsafe" exit() I have run the test above without failure (100x 100k multithreaded appends). Can anyone get it to fail? Is there another class of object which can be made to misbehave via atomic, incremental, modification by threads? Do these implicitly 'atomic' semantics apply to other operations in Python? Is this directly related to the GIL?

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  • Q on Python serialization/deserialization

    - by neil
    What chances do I have to instantiate, keep and serialize/deserialize to/from binary data Python classes reflecting this pattern (adopted from RFC 2246 [TLS]): enum { apple, orange } VariantTag; struct { uint16 number; opaque string<0..10>; /* variable length */ } V1; struct { uint32 number; opaque string[10]; /* fixed length */ } V2; struct { select (VariantTag) { /* value of selector is implicit */ case apple: V1; /* VariantBody, tag = apple */ case orange: V2; /* VariantBody, tag = orange */ } variant_body; /* optional label on variant */ } VariantRecord; Basically I would have to define a (variant) class VariantRecord, which varies depending on the value of VariantTag. That's not that difficult. The challenge is to find a most generic way to build a class, which serializes/deserializes to and from a byte stream... Pickle, Google protocol buffer, marshal is all not an option. I made little success with having an explicit "def serialize" in my class, but I'm not very happy with it, because it's not generic enough. I hope I could express the problem. My current solution in case VariantTag = apple would look like this, but I don't like it too much import binascii import struct class VariantRecord(object): def __init__(self, number, opaque): self.number = number self.opaque = opaque def serialize(self): out = struct.pack('>HB%ds' % len(self.opaque), self.number, len(self.opaque), self.opaque) return out v = VariantRecord(10, 'Hello') print binascii.hexlify(v.serialize()) >> 000a0548656c6c6f Regards

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  • Add new types to Go

    - by nevalu
    I'm trying add new types for that been managed/used as in Go core types. To create new types is anything very interesting to validate data before of send it to a non-SQL DBMS or to check data from a form. Go uses univeral constants to define them at global level: var DateType = universe.DefineType("date", universePos, &dateType{}) In this case they're defined to be called from a package like types: var Date = &dateType{} I get these errors: test.go:58: o.lit undefined (cannot refer to unexported field lit) test.go:62: *dateType is not Type missing Pos() token.Position The code is based on: http://github.com/tav/go/blob/master/src/pkg/exp/eval/value.go http://github.com/tav/go/blob/master/src/pkg/exp/eval/type.go package main import ( "exp/eval" "fmt" // "go/token" ) // http://github.com/tav/go/blob/master/src/pkg/exp/eval/value.go type DateValue interface { eval.Value Get(*eval.Thread) string Set(*eval.Thread, string) } /* Date */ type dateV string func (v *dateV) String() string { return fmt.Sprint(*v) } func (v *dateV) Assign(t *eval.Thread, o eval.Value) { *v = dateV(o.(DateValue).Get(t)) } func (v *dateV) Get(*eval.Thread) string { return string(*v) } func (v *dateV) Set(t *eval.Thread, x string) { *v = dateV(x) } // http://github.com/tav/go/blob/master/src/pkg/exp/eval/type.go type Type interface { eval.Type // isDate returns true if this is a date type. isDate() bool } /* Common type */ type commonType struct{} // added func (commonType) isDate() bool { return false } /* Date */ type dateType struct { commonType } // * It should not be an universal constant //var universePos = token.Position{"<universe>", 0, 0, 0} // added //var DateType = universe.DefineType("date", universePos, &dateType{}) var Date = &dateType{} func (t *dateType) compat(o Type, conv bool) bool { t2, ok := o.lit().(*dateType) return ok && t == t2 } func (t *dateType) lit() Type { return t } func (t *dateType) isDate() bool { return true } func (t *dateType) String() string { return "<date>" } func (t *dateType) Zero() eval.Value { res := dateV("") return &res } /* Named types */ /* type NamedType struct { eval.NamedType Def Type }*/ type NamedType struct { // added // token.Position Name string // Underlying type. If incomplete is true, this will be nil. // If incomplete is false and this is still nil, then this is // a placeholder type representing an error. Def Type // True while this type is being defined. incomplete bool methods map[string]eval.Method } func (t *NamedType) isDate() bool { return t.Def.isDate() } /* *********************** */ func main() { print("foo") }

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  • Why is my Python OpenGL render2DTexture function so slow?

    - by Barakat
    SOLVED: The problem was actually using time.time() every CPU cycle to see whether the next frame should be drawn or not. The time it takes to execute time.time() was having an impact on the FPS. I made this function for drawing 2D textures as images in a 2D view in my OpenGL application. After doing some testing I found that it takes up 1-2 fps per texture. I know I am probably doing something wrong in this code. Any ideas? I am limiting the FPS to 60. Edit: When I disable the texture rendering it adds about 15% fps back. When I disabled text rendering it adds about 15% fps back. When i disable both barely any fps is consumed anymore. IE: 20 out of 60 fps with both on. 30 out of 60 when one is disabled. 58 out of 60 when both are disabled. When rendering the text on a button ( the control I'm using to test this ), it only "prepares" the text when the button label is set. Updated code, still running at the same speed but still works the same: def render2DTexture( self, texture, rect, texrect ): glEnable( GL_TEXTURE_2D ) glBindTexture( GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture ) glBegin( GL_QUADS ) glTexCoord2f( texrect.left, texrect.bottom ) glVertex2i( rect.left, self.windowSize[1] - rect.top ) glTexCoord2f( texrect.right, texrect.bottom ) glVertex2i( rect.left + rect.right, self.windowSize[1] - rect.top ) glTexCoord2f( texrect.right, texrect.top ) glVertex2i( rect.left + rect.right, self.windowSize[1] - ( rect.top + rect.bottom ) ) glTexCoord2f( texrect.left, texrect.top ) glVertex2i( rect.left, self.windowSize[1] - ( rect.top + rect.bottom ) ) glEnd() glDisable( GL_TEXTURE_2D ) def prepareText( self, text, fontFace, color ): self.loadFont( fontFace ) bmp = self.fonts[ fontFace ].render( text, 1, color ) return ( pygame.image.tostring( bmp, 'RGBA', 1 ), bmp.get_width(), bmp.get_height() ) def renderText( self, pText, position ): glRasterPos2i( position[0], self.windowSize[1] - ( position[1] + pText[2] ) ) glDrawPixels( pText[1], pText[2], GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, pText[0] )

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  • python calendar to calculate month backwards

    - by Suhail
    Hi, we are trying to create a calendar function in python. we have created a small content management system, the requirement is, there will be a drop down list on the top right hand corner of the website, which will give the options - Months - 1 month, 2 months, 3 months and so on..., if the user selects 8 months then it should show the postscount for the last 8 months. the issue is we tried to write a small code which would do the month calculations, but the bug is that it does not consider the months beyond the current year, it shows the postscount only for months of the current year. for example: if the user selects 3 months, it will show the count for the l 3 months i.e present month and the previous 2 months, but if the user selects option more than 4 months, it does not consider the months from previous year, it still shows the month of the present year only. I am pasting the code below:- def __getSpecifiedMailCount__(request, value): dbconnector= DBConnector() CdateList= "select cdate from mail_records" DateNow= datetime.datetime.today() DateNow= DateNow.strftime("%Y-%m") DateYear= datetime.datetime.today() DateYear= DateYear.strftime("%Y") DateMonth= datetime.datetime.today() DateMonth= DateMonth.strftime("%m") #print DateMonth def getMonth(value): valueDic= {"01": "Jan", "02": "Feb", "03": "Mar", "04": "Apr", "05": "May", "06": "Jun", "07": "Jul", "08": "Aug", "09": "Sep", "10": "Oct", "11": "Nov", "12": "Dec"} return valueDic[value] def getMonthYearandCount(yearmonth): MailCount= "select count(*) as mailcount from mail_records where cdate like '%s%s'" % (yearmonth, "%") MailCountResult= MailCount[0]['mailcount'] return MailCountResult MailCountList= [] MCOUNT= getMonthYearandCount(DateNow) MONTH= getMonth(DateMonth) MailCountDict= {} MailCountDict['monthyear']= MONTH + ' ' + DateYear MailCountDict['mailcount']= MCOUNT var_monthyear= MONTH + ' ' + DateYear var_mailcount= MCOUNT MailCountList.append(MailCountDict) i=1 k= int(value) hereMONTH= int(DateMonth) while (i < k): hereMONTH= int(hereMONTH) - 1 if (hereMONTH < 10): hereMONTH = '0' + str(hereMONTH) if (hereMONTH == '00') or (hereMONTH == '0-1'): break else: PMONTH= getMonth(hereMONTH) hereDateNow= DateYear + '-' + PMONTH hereDateNowNum= DateYear + '-' + hereMONTH PMCOUNT= getMonthYearandCount(hereDateNowNum) MailCountDict= {} MailCountDict['monthyear']= PMONTH + ' ' + DateYear MailCountDict['mailcount']= PMCOUNT var_monthyear= PMONTH + ' ' + DateYear var_mailcount= PMCOUNT MailCountList.append(MailCountDict) i = i + 1 #print MailCountList MailCountDict= {'monthmailcount': MailCountList} reportdata = MailCountDict['monthmailcount'] #print reportdata return render_to_response('test.html', locals())

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  • cant get connexion using MongoTor

    - by Abdelouahab Pp
    i was trying to change my code to make it asynchronous using MongoTor here is my simple code: class BaseHandler(tornado.web.RequestHandler): @property def db(self): if not hasattr(self,"_db"): _db = Database.connect('localhost:27017', 'essog') return _db @property def fs(self): if not hasattr(BaseHandler,"_fs"): _fs = gridfs.GridFS(self.db) return _fs class LoginHandler(BaseHandler): @tornado.web.asynchronous @tornado.gen.engine def post(self): email = self.get_argument("email") password = self.get_argument("pass1") try: search = yield tornado.gen.Task(self.db.users.find, {"prs.mail":email}) .... i got this error: Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\tornado-2.4.post1-py2.7.egg\tornado\web.py", line 1043, in _stack_context_handle_exception raise_exc_info((type, value, traceback)) File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\tornado-2.4.post1-py2.7.egg\tornado\web.py", line 1162, in wrapper return method(self, *args, **kwargs) File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\tornado-2.4.post1-py2.7.egg\tornado\gen.py", line 122, in wrapper runner.run() File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\tornado-2.4.post1-py2.7.egg\tornado\gen.py", line 365, in run yielded = self.gen.send(next) File "G:\Mon projet\essog\handlers.py", line 92, in post search = yield tornado.gen.Task(self.db.users.find, {"prs.mail":email}) File "G:\Mon projet\essog\handlers.py", line 62, in db _db = Database.connect('localhost:27017', 'essog') File "build\bdist.win-amd64\egg\mongotor\database.py", line 131, in connect database.init(addresses, dbname, read_preference, **kwargs) File "build\bdist.win-amd64\egg\mongotor\database.py", line 62, in init ioloop_is_running = IOLoop.instance().running() AttributeError: 'SelectIOLoop' object has no attribute 'running' ERROR:tornado.access:500 POST /login (::1) 3.00ms and, excuse me for this other question, but how do i make distinct in this case? here is what worked in blocking mode: search = self.db.users.find({"prs.mail":email}).distinct("prs.mail")[0] Update: it seems that this error happenes when there is no Tornado running! it's the same error raised when using only the module in console. test = Database.connect("localhost:27017", "essog") --------------------------------------------------------------------------- AttributeError Traceback (most recent call last) in () ---- 1 test = Database.connect("localhost:27017", "essog") C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\mongotor-0.0.10-py2.7.egg\mongotor\database.pyc in connect(cls, addresses, dbname, read_preference, **kwargs) 131 132 database = Database() -- 133 database.init(addresses, dbname, read_preference, **kwargs) 134 135 return database C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\mongotor-0.0.10-py2.7.egg\mongotor\database.pyc in init(self, addresses, dbname, read_preference, **kwargs) 60 self._nodes.append(node) 61 --- 62 ioloop_is_running = IOLoop.instance().running() 63 self._config_nodes(callback=partial(self._on_config_node, ioloop_is_running)) 64 AttributeError: 'SelectIOLoop' object has no attribute 'running'

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  • Python Process won't call atexit

    - by Brian M. Hunt
    I'm trying to use atexit in a Process, but unfortunately it doesn't seem to work. Here's some example code: import time import atexit import logging import multiprocessing logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG) class W(multiprocessing.Process): def run(self): logging.debug("%s Started" % self.name) @atexit.register def log_terminate(): # ever called? logging.debug("%s Terminated!" % self.name) while True: time.sleep(10) @atexit.register def log_exit(): logging.debug("Main process terminated") logging.debug("Main process started") a = W() b = W() a.start() b.start() time.sleep(1) a.terminate() b.terminate() The output of this code is: DEBUG:root:Main process started DEBUG:root:W-1 Started DEBUG:root:W-2 Started DEBUG:root:Main process terminated I would expect that the W.run.log_terminate() would be called when a.terminate() and b.terminate() are called, and the output to be something likeso (emphasis added)!: DEBUG:root:Main process started DEBUG:root:W-1 Started DEBUG:root:W-2 Started DEBUG:root:W-1 Terminated! DEBUG:root:W-2 Terminated! DEBUG:root:Main process terminated Why isn't this working, and is there a better way to log a message (from the Process context) when a Process is terminated? Thank you for your input - it's much appreciated.

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