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  • Why are there different programming languages [closed]

    - by Velizar Hristov
    I'm not asking about the usefulness of the languages that do exist already: I already know, and agree, that different languages are better for different purposes. However, why don't they just have a single language that can do it all? Why, when C# was created, they didn't keep everything from C and C++ and just add a few things, so that it can be used as both a low-level and high-level language? I see no harm in adding all kinds of commands to a single language that would allow it to be good for everything, and even eliminate the need for all other languages. Someone from another thread said that if there's a flaw in a certain language, its successor might not have it. However, why don't we just update that language to remove the flaw, and/or add anything that's missing? Arrays are different in Java and C#, but why not have them both, just use different commands for them? And so on...

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  • Delay command execution over sockets

    - by David
    I've been trying to fix the game loop in a real time (tick delay) MUD. I realized using Thread.Sleep would seem clunky when the user spammed commands through their choice of client (Zmud, etc) e.g. east;south;southwest would wait three move ticks and then output everything from the past couple rooms. The game loop basically calls a Flush and Fill method for each socket during each tick (50ms) private void DoLoop() { Stopwatch stopWatch = new Stopwatch(); stopWatch.Start(); while (running) { // for each socket, flush and fill ConnectionMonitor.Update(); stopWatch.Stop(); WaitIfNeeded(stopWatch.ElapsedMilliseconds); stopWatch.Reset(); } } The Fill method fires the command events, but as mentioned before, they currently block using Thread.Sleep. I tried adding a "ready" flag to the state object that attempts to execute the command along with a queue of spammed commands, but it ends up executing one command and queuing up the rest i.e. each subsequent command executes something that got queued up that should've been executed before. I must be missing something about the timer. private readonly Queue<SpammedCommand> queuedCommands = new Queue<SpammedCommand>(); private bool ready = true; private void TryExecuteCommand(string input) { var commandContext = CommandContext.Create(input); var player = Server.Current.Database.Get<Player>(Session.Player.Key); var commandInfo = Server.Current.CommandLookup .FindCommand(commandContext.CommandName, player.IsAdmin); if (commandInfo != null) { if (!ready) { // queue command queuedCommands.Enqueue(new SpammedCommand() { Context = commandContext, Info = commandInfo }); return; } if (queuedCommands.Count > 0) { // queue the incoming command queuedCommands.Enqueue(new SpammedCommand() { Context = commandContext, Info = commandInfo, }); // dequeue and execute var command = queuedCommands.Dequeue(); command.Info.Command.Execute(Session, command.Context); setTimeout(command.Info.TickLength); return; } commandInfo.Command.Execute(Session, commandContext); setTimeout(commandInfo.TickLength); } else { Session.WriteLine("Command not recognized"); } } Finally, setTimeout was supposed to set the execution delay (TickLength) for that command, and makeReady just sets the ready flag on the state object to true. private void setTimeout(TickDelay tickDelay) { ready = false; var t = new System.Timers.Timer() { Interval = (long) tickDelay, AutoReset = false, }; t.Elapsed += makeReady; t.Start(); // fire this in tickDelay ms } // MAKE READYYYYY!!!! private void makeReady(object sender, System.Timers.ElapsedEventArgs e) { ready = true; } Am I missing something about the System.Timers.Timer created in setTimeout? How can I execute (and output) spammed commands per TickLength without using Thread.Sleep?

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  • Is there a way to change the root password while still logged in? I did something bad by accdient -_-

    - by Robert
    So I was trying to add my printer, and I wasn't able to make any changes due to the fact that cups was not accepting my root password. I was Googling some changes and trying to fix the problem when one of the commands CHANGED MY SUDO PASSWORD! Can someone please tell me which one of these is the culprit? I was trying to these commands: cat /etc/group | grep root cat /etc/group | grep myUserName usermod -a -G lpadmin myUserName sudo usermod -a -G lpadmin myUserName sudo gedit /etc/cups/cupsd.conf lppasswd -a myUserName lppasswd -a root sudo lppasswd -a myUserName I think it was this one, but I know which passwords I put in! There was nothing which I typed in besides my strong password or my easy temporary password. Unless I made a typo... please no. restart cups sudo password root This is so not cool, I was just trying to add a printer :'( Please help my stupidity!

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  • When to learn the command line version of a programming tool ?

    - by explorest
    Almost every programming tool has a command line version; many of which also have a gui version. It takes a lot of time and memorization effort to learn the different commands and various options/switches om the command line version. So I have a couple of questions (which are not necessarily mutually exclusive): 1) When would you bother learning/memorizing the commands in the command line version of a tool which also comes in a gui version ? 2) What tools should I learn the command line version of ? .... compilers ? version control system ? etc, etc

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  • Subscribe/Publish Model in Web-based Application (c#) - Best Practices for Event Handlers

    - by KingOfHypocrites
    I was recently exposed to a desktop application that uses an publish/subscribe model to handle commands, events, etc. I can't seem to find any good examples of using this in a web application, so I wonder if I am off base in trying to use this for web based development (on the server side)? I'm using asp.net c#. My main question in regards to the design is: When using a publish/subscribe model, is it better to have generic commands/events that pass no parameters and then have the subscribers look at static context objects that contain the data relevant to the event? Or is it better to create custom arguments for every event that contain data related to the event? The whole concept of a global container seems so convenient but at the same time seems to break encapsulation. Any thoughts or best practices from anyone who has implemented this type of model in a web based application? Even suggestions on this model out of the scope of my question are appreciated.

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  • Looking for menu-driven coding platforms

    - by user2634047
    Can anyone point me to an application development environment that uses menu-driven coding? This would mean where commands, variable names, etc. are not keyed in, but rather are selected from a menu of context-specific options. For example, the user selects an If...then command from a menu of commands, and is then presented with a menu of variables to choose from for the the 'if' conditions(s) (or creates new variable(s) on the fly via the menu), and is then presented with a menu of applicable functions that are applicable to the selected variable (e.g., val()), and so on until the If...then statement has been fully coded. The idea is that the user never types any portion of the code, but selects all code elements from a menu, or defines them on the fly via the menu. Thanks.

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  • How to completely uninstall LXDE (12.04)?

    - by Jeremy Lunsford
    I'm trying to remove LXDE from my 12.04 system. I've tried running the following commands (as root from a terminal): apt-get remove lxde apt-get purge lxde apt-get autoremove I've also tried a rather lengthy command that was linked to from another question. However, when I log in, LXDE is still presented as an environment choice, and it still functions perfectly well, as if I've done nothing. I ran the above commands again, but got the following message: package . . . is not installed, so not removed. So, where do I go from here, short of re-installing Ubuntu and all my programs?

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  • Implementing Command Pattern in Web Application

    - by KingOfHypocrites
    I'm looking to implement the command pattern in a web application (asp.net c#)... Since the commands come in text format from the client, what is the best way to translate the string to a command object? Should I use reflection? Currently I just assume the command that comes in matches the file name of a user control. This is a bit of a hack. Rather than have a select case statement that says if string = "Dashboard" then call Dashboard.Execute(), is there a pattern for working with commands that originate as strings?

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  • When to learn the command line version of a programming tool?

    - by explorest
    Almost every programming tool has a command line version; many of which also have a gui version. It takes a lot of time and memorization effort to learn the different commands and various options/switches of the command line version. So I have a couple of questions (which are not necessarily mutually exclusive): 1) When would you bother learning/memorizing the commands in the command line version of a tool which also comes in a gui version ? 2) What tools should I learn the command line version of ? .... compilers ? version control system ? etc, etc

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  • My hardware MAC address is always 00:00:00:00:00:00 until I manually update 'eth0'. How can I fix this?

    - by user57184
    I am using Ubuntu 12.04. I use a wired connection. My network MAC address shows as 00:00:00:00:00:00. When I enter the commands below into a terminal window, it starts working again. sudo ifconfig eth0 down sudo ifconfig eth0 hw ether my mac address sudo ifconfig eth0 up I have to enter these commands every time I want to use the Internet. How can I fix this? Update copied from comment The contents of my /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf file is: [main] plugins=ifupdown,keyfile dns=dnsmasq no-auto-default=00:00:00:00:00:00, [ifupdown] managed=false

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  • Check for Instant File Initialization

    - by TiborKaraszi
    Instant File initialization, IFI, is generally a good thing to have. Check out this earlier blog post of mine f you don't know what IFI is and why it is a good thing: blog . The purpose of this blog post is to provide a simple script you can use to check if you have IFI turned on. Note that the script below uses undocumented commands, and might take a while if you have a large errorlog file... USE MASTER ; SET NOCOUNT ON -- *** WARNING: Undocumented commands used in this script !!! *** -- --Exit...(read more)

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  • Install Skype on Ubuntu 12.04 LTS 64-bit

    - by Samir R. Bhogayta
    For 32Bit Terminal Commands: wget http://download.skype.com/linux/skype-ubuntu-lucid_4.2.0.11-1_i386.debsudo dpkg -i skype-ubuntu-lucid_4.2.0.11-1_i386.debsudo apt-get -f install;rm skype-ubuntu-lucid_4.2.0.11-1_i386.deb For 64Bit Terminal Commands: sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386sudo apt-get install ia32-libssudo apt-get updatewget http://download.skype.com/linux/skype-ubuntu-lucid_4.2.0.11-1_i386.debsudo dpkg -i skype-ubuntu-lucid_4.2.0.11-1_i386.debsudo apt-get -f install;rm skype-ubuntu-lucid_4.2.0.11-1_i386.debAfter all of this run in terminal sudo apt-get install sni-qt:i386; This will restore the skype contact window That's all, work done in maximum 5 minutes. I use Ubuntu on 64bit and this method to install Skype worked always perfectly.

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  • (SYSLINUX QUESTION) How to launch command prompt once syslinux boots up

    - by user1294023
    I have created a bootable USB drive using SYSLINUX I am booting my x86 system correctly. Once system boots I want to stop at console (command prompt) where I can type linux commands (cd etc) and run my executable file manually. Does that mean I have to have busy box installed (for basic commands). What makes system stop at command prompt? I do have /dev/console. My serial console is tty1. Any help is appreciated. #syslinux.cfg serial 0 9600 default MyProgram prompt 1 label Linux display message.msg timeout 100 kernel bzImage append console=tty1,9600 vga=773 initrd initrd.img

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  • How do Opera's keyboard shortcut settings work?

    - by zem
    Firefox 4 beta is starting to freeze up the way Firefox 3 used to on my machine, and I want a browser that'll play gifs at full speed, so on a Mac my only other choice seems to be Opera. There are just two issues I have with it right now: one, the scrolling is weird compared to every other Mac application, but I can get used to that if there's no way to fix it. Two, cmd-1 through cmd-9 activate the "speed dial" bookmarks instead of selecting tabs 1-9, like in Firefox and Chrome. I can disable those shortcuts easily enough, so I don't keep accidentally loading a different page when I instinctively try to do that, but in an ideal world I could remap those commands to do what I want. The keyboard shortcut editor is weird: There seems to be a scrappy little language for associating actions with commands. It has some limited autocompletion when you type stuff in, and I couldn't find a "select specific tab" action, but some of the existing commands are complicated enough that I'd be surprised if there's not a way to do it. Is there documentation for this language anywhere? Clicking "help" just brings me to this page, which is not very helpful.

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  • So Close: How to get this SSH login working (.bashrc)

    - by This_Is_Fun
    Objective: SSH login ( + eliminate warning message) / run 2 commands / stay logged in: EDIT: Oops, I made a mistake (see below): This code does ~95% of what I wanted to do # .bashrc # Run two commands and stay logged in to new server. alias gr='ssh -t -p 5xx4x [email protected] 2> /dev/null "cd /var; ls; /bin/bash -i"' Now, after successful login / verify user logged in = root pts/0 2011-01-30 22:09 Try to 'logout' = bash: logout: not login shell: use `exit' I seem to have full root access w/o being logged into the shell? (The " /bin/bash -i " was added to 'Stay logged in' but doesn't work quite as expected) FYI: The question is "How to get this SSH login working" & it is mostly solved, sorry I made a mess... ... .. . Original Question Here: # .bashrc # Run two commands and stay logged in to new server. alias gr='ssh -t -p 5xx4x [email protected] "cd /var; ls; /bin/bash -i"' # (hack) Hide "map back to the address - POSSIBLE BREAK-IN ATTEMPT!" message. alias gr='ssh -p 5xx4x [email protected] 2> /dev/null' Both examples 'work' as shown; When I try to add the ' 2 /dev/null ' to the first example, then the whole thing breaks. I'm out of time trying to solve the warning message other ways, so is it possible to combine both examples to make example #1 work w/o the warning message? Thank you. ps. If you also know a proper way to kill the login warning message, please do tell (the 'standard' "edit host file" advice isn't working for me)

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  • apache-user & root access

    - by ahmedshaikhm
    I want to develop few scripts in php that will invoke following commands; using exec() function service network restart crontab -u root /xyz/abc/fjs/crontab etc. The issue is that Apache executes script as apache user (I am on CentOS 5), regardless of adding apache into wheel or doing good, the bad and the ugly group assignment does not run commands (as mentioned above). Following are my configurations; My /etc/sudoers root ALL=(ALL) ALL apache ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL %wheel ALL=(ALL) ALL %wheel ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL As I've tried couple of combination with sudoer & httpd.conf, the recent httpd.conf look something as follows; my httpd.conf User apache Group wheel my PHP script exec("service network start", $a); print_r($a); exec("sudo -u root service network start", $a); print_r($a); Output Array ( [0] => Bringing up loopback interface: [FAILED] [1] => Bringing up interface eth0: [FAILED] [2] => Bringing up interface eth0_1: [FAILED] [3] => Bringing up interface eth1: [FAILED] ) Array ( [0] => Bringing up loopback interface: [FAILED] [1] => Bringing up interface eth0: [FAILED] [2] => Bringing up interface eth0_1: [FAILED] [3] => Bringing up interface eth1: [FAILED] ) Without any surprise, when I invoke restart network services via ssh, using similar user like apache, the command successfully executes. Its all about accessing such commands via HTTP Protocol. I am sure cPanel/Plesk kind of software do use something like sudoer or something and what I am trying to do is basically possible. But I need your help to understand which piece I am missing? Thanks a lot!

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  • Zero sized tar.gz file found inside a tar.gz file

    - by PavanM
    My current directory contains a single file like this- $ls -l -rw-r--r-- 1 root staff 8 May 28 09:10 pavan Now, I want to tar and gzip this file like $tar -cvf - * 2>/dev/null |gzip -vf9 > pavan.tar.gz 2>/dev/null (I am aware I am creating the zipped file in the same directory as the original file) When I run the above tar/gzip commands around 20 times, a few times I observe that the final tarred and zipped file pavan.tar.gz file has a ZERO sized pavan.tar.gz file. I am not sure from where is this zero sized file coming into the archive from. Note: I am NOT running tar/gzip commands on an already existing tar.gz file. I always make sure that the directory has only one file before running the commands On googling, as described here, I suspected that the tar.gz being created was also part of the file being archived. But in my case, gzip is the one who's creating the final file and by the time gzip runs, tar should be done tarring. This is happening on AIX but I've used Linux tag too, to draw more attention, as I guess the problem is platform independent.

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  • Ubuntu Laptop as a wireless hotspot on bridge mode

    - by nixnotwin
    I have a wired router to which my ubuntu laptop connects via ethernet. The wierless NIC of the laptop acts as a wireless hotspot on master mode. I use hostapd fo this. I have bridged eth0 and wlan0, so my wireless clients that connect to my laptop over wifi get ip from the wired router via dhcp, so the devices get registered at the wired router ( and the laptop is just an access point). I use the following commands to get my laptop+accesspoint working: sudo brctl addbr br0 sudo brctl addif br0 eth0 sudo hostapd /etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf & sudo dhclient -d br0 & sudo ifconfig wlan0 192.168.1.15 netmask 255.255.255.0 up sudo brctl addif br0 wlan0 These commands enable me to access internet on my wireless clients and also on the laptop which is acting as wireless accesspoint. But if I reboot the wired router (without rebooting the laptop that is acting as accesspoint), Internet access on the laptop+accesspoint gets lost, but on wireless clients it works fine. Even I have not been able to figure out a command which will reset the laptop interfaces to default settings, so everytime the router reboots, I have to reboot the laptop too to get into default settings so that I can re-enter the above mentioned commands. My first question is How can I have my bridge+accesspoint up and running even-though the router reboots? And is there a command to set the interfaces to a default state? (ifdown -a doesn't work, after issuing the command the bridge still remained).

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  • Ubuntu Laptop as a wireless hotspot on bridge mode

    - by nixnotwin
    I have a wired router to which my ubuntu laptop connects via ethernet. The wierless NIC of the laptop acts as a wireless hotspot on master mode. I use hostapd fo this. I have bridged eth0 and wlan0, so my wireless clients that connect to my laptop over wifi get ip from the wired router via dhcp, so the devices get registered at the wired router ( and the laptop is just an access point). I use the following commands to get my laptop+accesspoint working: sudo brctl addbr br0 sudo brctl addif br0 eth0 sudo hostapd /etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf & sudo dhclient -d br0 & sudo ifconfig wlan0 192.168.1.15 netmask 255.255.255.0 up sudo brctl addif br0 wlan0 These commands enable me to access internet on my wireless clients and also on the laptop which is acting as wireless accesspoint. But if I reboot the wired router (without rebooting the laptop that is acting as accesspoint), Internet access on the laptop+accesspoint gets lost, but on wireless clients it works fine. Even I have not been able to figure out a command which will reset the laptop interfaces to default settings, so everytime the router reboots, I have to reboot the laptop too to get into default settings so that I can re-enter the above mentioned commands. My first question is How can I have my bridge+accesspoint up and running even-though the router reboots? And is there a command to set the interfaces to a default state? (ifdown -a doesn't work, after issuing the command the bridge still remained).

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  • Recovering drive via boot to Win7 setup command prompt

    - by Valamas
    I am trying to recover data from two old IDE drives. Drive1 has been successful, but something is wrong with Drive2. It does not appear as a drive letter. Due to limited legacy hardware, the only way i can see these drives is to boot using windows 7 setup and goto the command prompt. Without going further as to why, my question is how i can access the data in this command prompt. I discovered DISKPART command and while a first time user, it looked like something that can fix my problem. Here are the results of my diskpart commands. At the bottom is a image of the commands taken with a camera. The Drive2 is present because when using the diskpart command, I can see it. How can I copy the information using a robocopy script if the drive letter is not available? how can I assign a drive letter? Is there any repair command I need to execute? When i execute DISKPART, the following is what i see. DISKPART> LIST DISK Disk### Status Size Free Disk 5 Online 37 GB 2048 KB So then I select disk 5. DISKPART> SELECT DISK 5 "Disk 5 is now the selected disk" When I list partition DISKPART> LIST PARTITION Partition ### Type Size Partition 1 Primary 101 MB Partition 2 Primary 37 GB So I select partition 2 "Partition 2 is now the selected partition." I then try to assign a drive letter DISKPART> ASSIGN LETTER=G "There is no volume specified." "Please select a volume and try again." When i list volume the drive is not present. DISKPART> LIST VOLUME Result of the above commands

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  • Monitor mode 802.11 captures on OSX

    - by Mike A
    I'm trying to determine the difference between capturing 802.11 frames in the following ways on OSX (10.8.5). It's a bit esoteric, but I use "Option 2" to capture frames for later analysis, and am wondering if I'm missing something. Option 1: use "airportd": $sudo /usr/libexec/airportd en0 sniff Option 2: use "airport" followed by tcpdump: sudo /System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Apple80211.framework/Versions/Current/Resources/airport --channel= sudo tcpdump -I -P -i en0 -w /tmp/capture.pcap (or alternatvely eliminate the -w and watch packets real-time). From what I can tell: Both commands, according to the wifi icon on OSX, put the interface into 'monitor' mode. Both commands output a pcap file that is readable in both wireshark/tcpdump & Eye PA. Both commands appear to capture management, control and data frames. The rub: Option 1 disconnects you from the network. This is expected, when putting an interface into 'monitor' mode. Option 2 does NOT disconnect you, provided you've set the channel to the same channel your currently connected to. This has a distinct advantage of keeping your connection up while capturing in monitor mode. My question: Option 2 does not seem like it should work, or more specifically, it does not seem like I should be able to remain connected while also capturing frames in monitor mode. On a wired NIC, you can be 'promiscuous' and still send frames, though I didn't think the same was true for wireless NIC. I'm questioning the validity of capturing frames w/ Option 2?

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  • Windows 7 boots to black screen with blinking cursor

    - by murgatroid99
    I have an Alienware M17x that dual boots into Ubuntu 11.04 and Windows 7 Home Premium. Currently, the computer starts at the GRUB loader and will boot into Ubuntu, but if I try to boot into Windows, I immediately get a black screen with a blinking cursor in the upper left corner. The output of fdisk -l is Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/dm-0p1 1 5 40131 de Dell Utility Partition 1 does not start on physical sector boundary. /dev/dm-0p2 6 1918 15360000 7 HPFS/NTFS Partition 2 does not start on physical sector boundary. /dev/dm-0p3 * 1918 64772 504878877+ 7 HPFS/NTFS Partition 3 does not start on physical sector boundary. /dev/dm-0p4 64772 77827 104858625 5 Extended Partition 4 does not start on physical sector boundary. /dev/dm-0p5 64772 67204 19531008 83 Linux /dev/dm-0p6 67204 74498 58593536 83 Linux /dev/dm-0p7 74498 77577 24731648 83 Linux /dev/dm-0p8 77578 77827 2000128 82 Linux swap / Solaris I have used the Windows rescue CD, and run the automatic error fixer until it finds no errors. I have run chkdsk /R on both the main Windows 7 (/dev/dm-0p3) partition and the recovery partition (/dev/dm-0p2). I set the main Windows 7 partition to be active. I also tried running in the recovery console the commands bootrec /fixmbr bootrec /fixboot bootrec /rebuildbcd None of these helped and the last set of commands deletes grub, which I then have to reinstall from Ubuntu. I think the last thing I did in windows before this started was install the newest ATI driver for my video card. This would suggest using system restore, and I actually had a restore point earlier (after the problem started), but after whatever I did that restore point does not appear in the list on the recovery disk any more, so I cannot do a system restore. Is there anything else I can try to make Windows boot properly again? Edit: Running the suggested commands bootsect /nt60 c: bcdboot c:\windows /s c: was also ineffective.

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  • Arch Linux: eth0 no carrier - network fails at boot

    - by user905686
    The problem My computer is connected to a network where dhcp is required. So my network configuration in /etc/rc.conf looks like interface=eth0 address= netmask= broadcast= gateway= My deamons are DAEMONS=(!hwclock syslog-ng network netfs crond ntpd) With this configuration, Arch hangs at boot a long time at "Network" (Still it says "[done]", but after boot I have no connection). I found out two workaround: Workaround 1 remove network from deamons run mii-tool --reset eth0 and dhcpcd eth0 after boot (somehow it does not work when placing these commands in /etc/rc.local. Then dhcp work very quickly (because of the reset!). Before executing the first command, ip link show eth0 has "NO CARRIER" in output. Afterwards, it doesn´t. (Also, mii-tool first shows "no link", afterwards eth0: 10 Mbit, half duplex, link ok. Workaround 2 Change network configuration to interface=eth0 address=x.y.z.21 netmask=255.255.255.0 broadcast=xxx.y.z.255 gateway=x.y.z.254 whereas x, y, z build the specific adresses of the network (Though dhcp is used, I get a static ip). Add the commands mii-tool --reset eth0 and dhcpcd eth0 to /etc/rc.local Now network starts quickly at boot (though I don´t know if successfully), the commands in /etc/rc.local are executed and the connection is fine after login. What to do? So the problem seems to be that dhcpcd stucks at "wating for carrier" or sth. I do not like the workaround, because some deamons need network (though they seem to start). What can I do to have eth0 ready for dhcp at boot? Or is there another problem?

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