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  • Application stuck in TCP retransmit

    - by SandeepJ
    I am running Linux kernel 3.13 (Ubuntu 14.04) on two Virtual Machines each of which operates inside two different servers running ESXi 5.1. There is a zeromq client-server application running between the two VMs. After running for about 10-30 minutes, this application consistently hangs due to inability to retransmit a lost packet. When I run the same setup over Ubuntu 12.04 (Linux 3.11), the application never fails If you notice below, "ss" (socket statistics) shows 1 packet lost, sk_wmem_queued of 14110 (i.e. w14110) and a high rto (120000). State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port ESTAB 0 12350 192.168.2.122:41808 192.168.2.172:55550 timer:(on,16sec,10) uid:1000 ino:35042 sk:ffff880035bcb100 <- skmem:(r0,rb648720,t0,tb1164800,f2274,w14110,o0,bl0) ts sack cubic wscale:7,7 rto:120000 rtt:7.5/3 ato:40 mss:8948 cwnd:1 ssthresh:21 send 9.5Mbps unacked:1 retrans:1/10 lost:1 rcv_rtt:1476 rcv_space:37621 Since this has happened so consistently, I was able to capture the TCP log in wireshark. I found that the packet which is lost does get retransmitted and even acknowledged by the TCP in the other OS (the sequence number is seen in the ACK), but the sender doesn't seem to understand this ACK and continues retransmitting. MTU is 9000 on both virtual machines and througout the route. The packets being sent are large in size. As I said earlier, this does not happen on Ubuntu 12.04 (kernel 3.11). So I did a diff on the TCP config options (seen via "sysctl -a |grep tcp ") between 14.04 and 12.04 and found the following differences. I also noticed that net.ipv4.tcp_mtu_probing=0 in both configurations. Left side is 3.11, right side is 3.13 <<net.ipv4.tcp_abc = 0 <<net.ipv4.tcp_cookie_size = 0 <<net.ipv4.tcp_dma_copybreak = 4096 14c11 << net.ipv4.tcp_early_retrans = 2 --- >> net.ipv4.tcp_early_retrans = 3 17c14 << net.ipv4.tcp_fastopen = 0 >> net.ipv4.tcp_fastopen = 1 20d16 << net.ipv4.tcp_frto_response = 0 26,27c22 << net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 16384 << net.ipv4.tcp_max_ssthresh = 0 >> net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 4096 29,30c24,25 << net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 16384 << net.ipv4.tcp_mem = 94377 125837 188754 >> net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 4096 >> net.ipv4.tcp_mem = 23352 31138 46704 34a30 >> net.ipv4.tcp_notsent_lowat = -1 My question to the networking experts on this forum : Are there any other debugging tools or options I can install/enable to dig further into why this TCP retransmit failure is occurring so consistently ? Are there any configuration changes which might account for this weird behaviour.

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  • RouterOS on Hyper-V (v3/2012) - any way to get it working?

    - by TomTom
    Trying to set up a small VPN point to connect into a remote Hyper-V cluster using ROuterOS. Anyone got it working ON Hyper-V with the latest builds of RouterOS? It seems the legacy network adapter is not supported anymore either (or just broken). The platform is a Windows Server 2012 RC. This is not a high performance setup - the RouterOS wont do the routing for more than the backend administrative access, and the only real traffic we will see there is when ISO images for new operating systems are uploaded. Otherwise we will have possibly RDP traffic as well as web / http traffioc, but this is internal only (dashboards, some control panel). The server has no public business. So the price for non virtualized network cards is ok for me. After hooking up - ping just does not work. After some time I see in windows (arp -a on the command line), so I know that the Hyper-V side is set up properly. Just no packets arrived. I have turned off all protection on Hyper-V (or : not turned them on), so no MAC spoofing protection etc. in the Advanced page for the legacy adapters. Unless I can get it work I will have to resort to using a windows install as router / VPN endpoint, which introduces another OS into the fabric (we run all routers etc. so far on mikrotik in hardware, which is why I want this one to be RouterOS, too). And no, putting hardware there is NOT an option - the cost would be significant.

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  • What do "Unknown SSAP" and "Unknown DSAP" mean in tcpdump?

    - by lacker
    While trying to fix a problem with intermittently losing internet connection on a machine with a wireless connection to a router, I ran tcpdump and noticed packets with "Unknown SSAP" and "Unknown DSAP" errors coming at a rate of a few per second. 20:27:21.703178 00:24:a5:af:24:f6 (oui Unknown) Unknown SSAP 0xde > 1c:65:9d:48:38:95 (oui Unknown) Unknown DSAP 0xe2 Information, send seq 0, rcv seq 16, Flags [Response], length 171 20:27:21.724726 00:24:a5:af:24:f6 (oui Unknown) Unknown SSAP 0xde > 1c:65:9d:48:38:95 (oui Unknown) Unknown DSAP 0xe2 Information, send seq 0, rcv seq 16, Flags [Response], length 104 20:27:21.746449 00:24:a5:af:24:f6 (oui Unknown) Unknown SSAP 0xde > 1c:65:9d:48:38:95 (oui Unknown) Unknown DSAP 0xe4 Information, send seq 0, rcv seq 16, Flags [Response], length 88 20:27:21.970963 00:24:a5:af:24:f6 (oui Unknown) Unknown SSAP 0xde > 1c:65:9d:48:38:95 (oui Unknown) Unknown DSAP 0xe8 Information, send seq 0, rcv seq 16, Flags [Response], length 76 20:27:22.016565 00:24:a5:af:24:f6 (oui Unknown) Unknown SSAP 0xde > 1c:65:9d:48:38:95 (oui Unknown) Unknown DSAP 0xea Information, send seq 0, rcv seq 16, Flags [Response], length 88 20:27:22.038471 00:24:a5:af:24:f6 (oui Unknown) Unknown SSAP 0xde > 1c:65:9d:48:38:95 (oui Unknown) Unknown DSAP 0xea Information, send seq 0, rcv seq 16, Flags [Response], length 171 What does the "Unknown SSAP" and "Unknown DSAP" mean, and does it indicate a problem?

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  • Juniper EX3300 routing issue

    - by Richard Whitman
    The routing on my Juniper EX3300 does not seem to be working. My ISP's gateway is at xx.xx.xx.xx. And I have the following in the configuration: routing-options { static { route 0.0.0.0/0 { next-hop xx.xx.xx.xx; retain; } } } I can ping to my ISP's gateway from the switch. However, I can NOT ping to any other IP. When I do a traceroute (to Google.com's IP). This is what I get: traceroute to 74.125.224.69 (74.125.224.69), 30 hops max, 40 byte packets traceroute: sendto: No route to host 1 traceroute: wrote 74.125.224.69 40 chars, ret=-1 *traceroute: sendto: No route to host Do I need to enable any protocols? I guess this goes without saying, but I am kind of new to Junos. Update: This is the output from show interfaces terse | match inet: bme0.32768 up up inet 128.0.0.1/2 jsrv.1 up up inet 128.0.0.127/2 vlan.0 up up inet 10.0.1.1/24 vlan.1 up up inet xx.xx.xx.110/30 and this is the output from: show route forwarding-table: Routing table: default.inet Internet: Destination Type RtRef Next hop Type Index NhRef Netif default perm 0 rjct 36 1 0.0.0.0/32 perm 0 dscd 34 1 10.0.1.0/24 intf 0 rslv 1321 1 vlan.0 10.0.1.0/32 dest 0 10.0.1.0 recv 1319 1 vlan.0 10.0.1.1/32 intf 0 10.0.1.1 locl 1320 2 10.0.1.1/32 dest 0 10.0.1.1 locl 1320 2 10.0.1.3/32 dest 1 0:25:90:63:26:53 ucst 1331 2 vlan.0 10.0.1.255/32 dest 0 10.0.1.255 bcst 1318 1 vlan.0

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  • extreme slowness with a remote database in Drupal

    - by ceejayoz
    We're attempting to scale our Drupal installations up and have decided on some dedicated MySQL boxes. Unfortunately, we're running into extreme slowness when we attempt to use the remote DB - page load times go from ~200 milliseconds to 5-10 seconds. Latency between the servers is minimal - a tenth or two of a millisecond. PING 10.37.66.175 (10.37.66.175) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 10.37.66.175: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.145 ms 64 bytes from 10.37.66.175: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.157 ms 64 bytes from 10.37.66.175: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.157 ms 64 bytes from 10.37.66.175: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.144 ms 64 bytes from 10.37.66.175: icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=0.121 ms 64 bytes from 10.37.66.175: icmp_seq=6 ttl=64 time=0.122 ms 64 bytes from 10.37.66.175: icmp_seq=7 ttl=64 time=0.163 ms 64 bytes from 10.37.66.175: icmp_seq=8 ttl=64 time=0.115 ms 64 bytes from 10.37.66.175: icmp_seq=9 ttl=64 time=0.484 ms 64 bytes from 10.37.66.175: icmp_seq=10 ttl=64 time=0.156 ms --- 10.37.66.175 ping statistics --- 10 packets transmitted, 10 received, 0% packet loss, time 8998ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.115/0.176/0.484/0.104 ms Drupal's devel.module timers show the database queries aren't running any slower on the remote DB - about 150 microseconds whether it's the local or the remote server. Profiling with XHProf shows PHP execution times that aren't out of whack, either. Number of queries doesn't seem to make a difference - we seem the same 5-10 second delay whether a page has 12 queries or 250. Any suggestions about where I should start troubleshooting here? I'm quite confused.

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  • Linux e1000e (Intel networking driver) problems galore, where do I start?

    - by Evan Carroll
    I'm currently having a major problem with e1000e (not working at all) in Ubuntu Maverick (1.0.2-k4), after resume I'm getting a lot of stuff in dmesg: [ 9085.820197] e1000e 0000:02:00.0: PCI INT A disabled [ 9089.907756] e1000e: Intel(R) PRO/1000 Network Driver - 1.0.2-k4 [ 9089.907762] e1000e: Copyright (c) 1999 - 2009 Intel Corporation. [ 9089.907797] e1000e 0000:02:00.0: Disabling ASPM L1 [ 9089.907827] e1000e 0000:02:00.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 16 (level, low) -> IRQ 16 [ 9089.907857] e1000e 0000:02:00.0: setting latency timer to 64 [ 9089.908529] e1000e 0000:02:00.0: irq 44 for MSI/MSI-X [ 9089.908922] e1000e 0000:02:00.0: Disabling ASPM L0s [ 9089.908954] e1000e 0000:02:00.0: (unregistered net_device): PHY reset is blocked due to SOL/IDER session. [ 9090.024625] e1000e 0000:02:00.0: eth0: (PCI Express:2.5GB/s:Width x1) 00:0a:e4:3e:ce:74 [ 9090.024630] e1000e 0000:02:00.0: eth0: Intel(R) PRO/1000 Network Connection [ 9090.024712] e1000e 0000:02:00.0: eth0: MAC: 2, PHY: 2, PBA No: 005302-003 [ 9090.109492] e1000e 0000:02:00.0: irq 44 for MSI/MSI-X [ 9090.164219] e1000e 0000:02:00.0: irq 44 for MSI/MSI-X and, a bunch of [ 2128.005447] e1000e 0000:02:00.0: eth0: Detected Hardware Unit Hang: [ 2128.005452] TDH <89> [ 2128.005454] TDT <27> [ 2128.005456] next_to_use <27> [ 2128.005458] next_to_clean <88> [ 2128.005460] buffer_info[next_to_clean]: [ 2128.005463] time_stamp <6e608> [ 2128.005465] next_to_watch <8a> [ 2128.005467] jiffies <6f929> [ 2128.005469] next_to_watch.status <0> [ 2128.005471] MAC Status <80080703> [ 2128.005473] PHY Status <796d> [ 2128.005475] PHY 1000BASE-T Status <4000> [ 2128.005477] PHY Extended Status <3000> [ 2128.005480] PCI Status <10> I decided to compile the latest stable e1000e to 1.2.17, now I'm getting: [ 9895.678050] e1000e: Intel(R) PRO/1000 Network Driver - 1.2.17-NAPI [ 9895.678055] e1000e: Copyright(c) 1999 - 2010 Intel Corporation. [ 9895.678098] e1000e 0000:02:00.0: Disabling ASPM L1 [ 9895.678129] e1000e 0000:02:00.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 16 (level, low) -> IRQ 16 [ 9895.678162] e1000e 0000:02:00.0: setting latency timer to 64 [ 9895.679136] e1000e 0000:02:00.0: irq 44 for MSI/MSI-X [ 9895.679160] e1000e 0000:02:00.0: Disabling ASPM L0s [ 9895.679192] e1000e 0000:02:00.0: (unregistered net_device): PHY reset is blocked due to SOL/IDER session. [ 9895.791758] e1000e 0000:02:00.0: eth0: (PCI Express:2.5GB/s:Width x1) 00:0a:e4:3e:ce:74 [ 9895.791766] e1000e 0000:02:00.0: eth0: Intel(R) PRO/1000 Network Connection [ 9895.791850] e1000e 0000:02:00.0: eth0: MAC: 3, PHY: 2, PBA No: 005302-003 [ 9895.892464] e1000e 0000:02:00.0: irq 44 for MSI/MSI-X [ 9895.948175] e1000e 0000:02:00.0: irq 44 for MSI/MSI-X [ 9895.949111] ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): eth0: link is not ready [ 9895.954694] e1000e: eth0 NIC Link is Up 10 Mbps Full Duplex, Flow Control: RX/TX [ 9895.954703] e1000e 0000:02:00.0: eth0: 10/100 speed: disabling TSO [ 9895.955157] ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): eth0: link becomes ready [ 9906.832056] eth0: no IPv6 routers present With 1.2.20 I get: [ 9711.525465] e1000e: Intel(R) PRO/1000 Network Driver - 1.2.20-NAPI [ 9711.525472] e1000e: Copyright(c) 1999 - 2010 Intel Corporation. [ 9711.525521] e1000e 0000:02:00.0: Disabling ASPM L1 [ 9711.525554] e1000e 0000:02:00.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 16 (level, low) -> IRQ 16 [ 9711.525586] e1000e 0000:02:00.0: setting latency timer to 64 [ 9711.526460] e1000e 0000:02:00.0: irq 45 for MSI/MSI-X [ 9711.526487] e1000e 0000:02:00.0: Disabling ASPM L0s [ 9711.526523] e1000e 0000:02:00.0: (unregistered net_device): PHY reset is blocked due to SOL/IDER session. [ 9711.639763] e1000e 0000:02:00.0: eth0: (PCI Express:2.5GB/s:Width x1) 00:0a:e4:3e:ce:74 [ 9711.639771] e1000e 0000:02:00.0: eth0: Intel(R) PRO/1000 Network Connection [ 9711.639854] e1000e 0000:02:00.0: eth0: MAC: 3, PHY: 2, PBA No: 005302-003 [ 9712.060770] e1000e 0000:02:00.0: irq 45 for MSI/MSI-X [ 9712.116195] e1000e 0000:02:00.0: irq 45 for MSI/MSI-X [ 9712.117098] ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): eth0: link is not ready [ 9712.122684] e1000e: eth0 NIC Link is Up 100 Mbps Full Duplex, Flow Control: RX/TX [ 9712.122693] e1000e 0000:02:00.0: eth0: 10/100 speed: disabling TSO [ 9712.123142] ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): eth0: link becomes ready [ 9722.920014] eth0: no IPv6 routers present But, I'm still getting these [ 9982.992851] PCI Status <10> [ 9984.993602] e1000e 0000:02:00.0: eth0: Detected Hardware Unit Hang: [ 9984.993606] TDH <5d> [ 9984.993608] TDT <6b> [ 9984.993611] next_to_use <6b> [ 9984.993613] next_to_clean <5b> [ 9984.993615] buffer_info[next_to_clean]: [ 9984.993617] time_stamp <24da80> [ 9984.993619] next_to_watch <5d> [ 9984.993621] jiffies <24f200> [ 9984.993624] next_to_watch.status <0> [ 9984.993626] MAC Status <80080703> [ 9984.993628] PHY Status <796d> [ 9984.993630] PHY 1000BASE-T Status <4000> [ 9984.993632] PHY Extended Status <3000> [ 9984.993635] PCI Status <10> [ 9986.001047] e1000e 0000:02:00.0: eth0: Reset adapter [ 9986.176202] e1000e: eth0 NIC Link is Up 10 Mbps Full Duplex, Flow Control: RX/TX [ 9986.176211] e1000e 0000:02:00.0: eth0: 10/100 speed: disabling TSO I'm not sure where to start troubleshooting this. Any ideas? Here is the result of ethtool -d eth0 MAC Registers ------------- 0x00000: CTRL (Device control register) 0x18100248 Endian mode (buffers): little Link reset: reset Set link up: 1 Invert Loss-Of-Signal: no Receive flow control: enabled Transmit flow control: enabled VLAN mode: disabled Auto speed detect: disabled Speed select: 1000Mb/s Force speed: no Force duplex: no 0x00008: STATUS (Device status register) 0x80080703 Duplex: full Link up: link config TBI mode: disabled Link speed: 10Mb/s Bus type: PCI Express Port number: 0 0x00100: RCTL (Receive control register) 0x04048002 Receiver: enabled Store bad packets: disabled Unicast promiscuous: disabled Multicast promiscuous: disabled Long packet: disabled Descriptor minimum threshold size: 1/2 Broadcast accept mode: accept VLAN filter: enabled Canonical form indicator: disabled Discard pause frames: filtered Pass MAC control frames: don't pass Receive buffer size: 2048 0x02808: RDLEN (Receive desc length) 0x00001000 0x02810: RDH (Receive desc head) 0x00000001 0x02818: RDT (Receive desc tail) 0x000000F0 0x02820: RDTR (Receive delay timer) 0x00000000 0x00400: TCTL (Transmit ctrl register) 0x3103F0FA Transmitter: enabled Pad short packets: enabled Software XOFF Transmission: disabled Re-transmit on late collision: enabled 0x03808: TDLEN (Transmit desc length) 0x00001000 0x03810: TDH (Transmit desc head) 0x00000000 0x03818: TDT (Transmit desc tail) 0x00000000 0x03820: TIDV (Transmit delay timer) 0x00000008 PHY type: IGP2 and ethtool -c eth0 Coalesce parameters for eth0: Adaptive RX: off TX: off stats-block-usecs: 0 sample-interval: 0 pkt-rate-low: 0 pkt-rate-high: 0 rx-usecs: 3 rx-frames: 0 rx-usecs-irq: 0 rx-frames-irq: 0 tx-usecs: 0 tx-frames: 0 tx-usecs-irq: 0 tx-frames-irq: 0 rx-usecs-low: 0 rx-frame-low: 0 tx-usecs-low: 0 tx-frame-low: 0 rx-usecs-high: 0 rx-frame-high: 0 tx-usecs-high: 0 tx-frame-high: 0 Here is also the lspci -vvv for this controller 02:00.0 Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation 82573L Gigabit Ethernet Controller Subsystem: Lenovo ThinkPad X60s Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR+ FastB2B- DisINTx+ Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- Latency: 0, Cache Line Size: 64 bytes Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 45 Region 0: Memory at ee000000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=128K] Region 2: I/O ports at 2000 [size=32] Capabilities: [c8] Power Management version 2 Flags: PMEClk- DSI+ D1- D2- AuxCurrent=0mA PME(D0+,D1-,D2-,D3hot+,D3cold+) Status: D0 NoSoftRst- PME-Enable- DSel=0 DScale=1 PME- Capabilities: [d0] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+ Address: 00000000fee0300c Data: 415a Capabilities: [e0] Express (v1) Endpoint, MSI 00 DevCap: MaxPayload 256 bytes, PhantFunc 0, Latency L0s <512ns, L1 <64us ExtTag- AttnBtn- AttnInd- PwrInd- RBE- FLReset- DevCtl: Report errors: Correctable+ Non-Fatal+ Fatal+ Unsupported+ RlxdOrd+ ExtTag- PhantFunc- AuxPwr- NoSnoop+ MaxPayload 128 bytes, MaxReadReq 512 bytes DevSta: CorrErr- UncorrErr- FatalErr- UnsuppReq- AuxPwr+ TransPend- LnkCap: Port #0, Speed 2.5GT/s, Width x1, ASPM L0s L1, Latency L0 <128ns, L1 <64us ClockPM+ Surprise- LLActRep- BwNot- LnkCtl: ASPM Disabled; RCB 64 bytes Disabled- Retrain- CommClk+ ExtSynch- ClockPM+ AutWidDis- BWInt- AutBWInt- LnkSta: Speed 2.5GT/s, Width x1, TrErr- Train- SlotClk+ DLActive- BWMgmt- ABWMgmt- Capabilities: [100 v1] Advanced Error Reporting UESta: DLP- SDES- TLP- FCP- CmpltTO- CmpltAbrt- UnxCmplt- RxOF- MalfTLP- ECRC- UnsupReq+ ACSViol- UEMsk: DLP- SDES- TLP- FCP- CmpltTO- CmpltAbrt- UnxCmplt- RxOF- MalfTLP- ECRC- UnsupReq- ACSViol- UESvrt: DLP+ SDES- TLP- FCP+ CmpltTO- CmpltAbrt- UnxCmplt- RxOF+ MalfTLP+ ECRC- UnsupReq- ACSViol- CESta: RxErr- BadTLP- BadDLLP- Rollover- Timeout- NonFatalErr- CEMsk: RxErr- BadTLP- BadDLLP- Rollover- Timeout- NonFatalErr- AERCap: First Error Pointer: 14, GenCap- CGenEn- ChkCap- ChkEn- Capabilities: [140 v1] Device Serial Number 00-0a-e4-ff-ff-3e-ce-74 Kernel driver in use: e1000e Kernel modules: e1000e I filed a bug on this upstream, still no idea how to get more useful information. Here is a the result of the running that script EEPROM FIX UPDATE $ sudo bash fixeep-82573-dspd.sh eth0 eth0: is a "82573L Gigabit Ethernet Controller" This fixup is applicable to your hardware Your eeprom is up to date, no changes were made Do I still need to do anything? Also here is my EEPROM dump $ sudo ethtool -e eth0 Offset Values ------ ------ 0x0000 00 0a e4 3e ce 74 30 0b b2 ff 51 00 ff ff ff ff 0x0010 53 00 03 02 6b 02 7e 20 aa 17 9a 10 86 80 df 80 0x0020 00 00 00 20 54 7e 00 00 14 00 da 00 04 00 00 27 0x0030 c9 6c 50 31 3e 07 0b 04 8b 29 00 00 00 f0 02 0f 0x0040 08 10 00 00 04 0f ff 7f 01 4d ff ff ff ff ff ff 0x0050 14 00 1d 00 14 00 1d 00 af aa 1e 00 00 00 1d 00 0x0060 00 01 00 40 1f 12 07 40 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff 0x0070 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff 4a e0 I'd also like to note that I used eth0 every day for years and until recently never had an issue.

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  • FreeBSD performance tuning. Sysctls, loader.conf, kernel.

    - by SaveTheRbtz
    I wanted to share knowledge of tuning FreeBSD via sysctls, so i'm posting them with comments. Based on Igor Sysoev (author of nginx) presentation about FreeBSD tuning up to 100,000-200,000 active connections. Sysctls are for 7.x FreeBSD. Since 7.2 amd64 some of them are tuned well by default. Prior 7.0 some of them are boot only (set via /boot/loader.conf) or does not exist at all. Highload web server sysctls: # Max. backlog size kern.ipc.somaxconn=4096 # Shared memory // 7.2+ can use shared memory > 2Gb kern.ipc.shmmax=2147483648 # Sockets kern.ipc.maxsockets=204800 # Do not use lager sockbufs on 8.0 # ( http://old.nabble.com/Significant-performance-regression-for-increased-maxsockbuf-on-8.0-RELEASE-tt26745981.html#a26745981 ) kern.ipc.maxsockbuf=262144 # Recive clusters (on amd64 7.2+ 65k is default) # For such high value vm.kmem_size must be increased to 3G #kern.ipc.nmbclusters=229376 # Jumbo pagesize(4k/8k) clusters # Used as general packet storage for jumbo frames # can be monitored via `netstat -m` #kern.ipc.nmbjumbop=192000 # Jumbo 9k/16k clusters # If you are using them #kern.ipc.nmbjumbo9=24000 #kern.ipc.nmbjumbo16=10240 # Every socket is a file, so increase them kern.maxfiles=204800 kern.maxfilesperproc=200000 kern.maxvnodes=200000 # Turn off receive autotuning #net.inet.tcp.recvbuf_auto=0 # Small receive space, only usable on http-server, on file server this # should be increased to 65535 or even more #net.inet.tcp.recvspace=8192 # Small send space is useful for http servers that serve small files # Autotuned since 7.x net.inet.tcp.sendspace=16384 # This should be enabled if you going to use big spaces (>64k) #net.inet.tcp.rfc1323=1 # Turn this off on highspeed, lossless connections (LAN 1Gbit+) #net.inet.tcp.delayed_ack=0 # This feature is useful if you are serving data over modems, Gigabit Ethernet, # or even high speed WAN links (or any other link with a high bandwidth delay product), # especially if you are also using window scaling or have configured a large send window. # You can try setting it to 0 on fileserver with 1GBit+ interfaces # Automatically disables on small RTT ( http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/cvsweb.cgi/src/sys/netinet/tcp_subr.c?#rev1.237 ) #net.inet.tcp.inflight.enable=0 # Disable randomizing of ports to avoid false RST # Before usage check SA here www.bsdcan.org/2006/papers/ImprovingTCPIP.pdf # (it's also says that port randomization auto-disables at some conn.rates, but I didn't tested it thou) #net.inet.ip.portrange.randomized=0 # Increase portrange # For outgoing connections only. Good for seed-boxes and ftp servers. net.inet.ip.portrange.first=1024 net.inet.ip.portrange.last=65535 # Security net.inet.ip.redirect=0 net.inet.ip.sourceroute=0 net.inet.ip.accept_sourceroute=0 net.inet.icmp.maskrepl=0 net.inet.icmp.log_redirect=0 net.inet.icmp.drop_redirect=1 net.inet.tcp.drop_synfin=1 # Security net.inet.udp.blackhole=1 net.inet.tcp.blackhole=2 # Increases default TTL, sometimes useful # Default is 64 net.inet.ip.ttl=128 # Lessen max segment life to conserve resources # ACK waiting time in miliseconds (default: 30000 from RFC) net.inet.tcp.msl=5000 # Max bumber of timewait sockets net.inet.tcp.maxtcptw=40960 # Don't use tw on local connections # As of 15 Apr 2009. Igor Sysoev says that nolocaltimewait has some buggy realization. # So disable it or now till get fixed #net.inet.tcp.nolocaltimewait=1 # FIN_WAIT_2 state fast recycle net.inet.tcp.fast_finwait2_recycle=1 # Time before tcp keepalive probe is sent # default is 2 hours (7200000) #net.inet.tcp.keepidle=60000 # Should be increased until net.inet.ip.intr_queue_drops is zero net.inet.ip.intr_queue_maxlen=4096 # Interrupt handling via multiple CPU, but with context switch. # You can play with it. Default is 1; #net.isr.direct=0 # This is for routers only #net.inet.ip.forwarding=1 #net.inet.ip.fastforwarding=1 # This speed ups dummynet when channel isn't saturated net.inet.ip.dummynet.io_fast=1 # Increase dummynet(4) hash #net.inet.ip.dummynet.hash_size=2048 #net.inet.ip.dummynet.max_chain_len # Should be increased when you have A LOT of files on server # (Increase until vfs.ufs.dirhash_mem becames lower) vfs.ufs.dirhash_maxmem=67108864 # Explicit Congestion Notification (see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Explicit_Congestion_Notification) net.inet.tcp.ecn.enable=1 # Flowtable - flow caching mechanism # Useful for routers #net.inet.flowtable.enable=1 #net.inet.flowtable.nmbflows=65535 # Extreme polling tuning #kern.polling.burst_max=1000 #kern.polling.each_burst=1000 #kern.polling.reg_frac=100 #kern.polling.user_frac=1 #kern.polling.idle_poll=0 # IPFW dynamic rules and timeouts tuning # Increase dyn_buckets till net.inet.ip.fw.curr_dyn_buckets is lower net.inet.ip.fw.dyn_buckets=65536 net.inet.ip.fw.dyn_max=65536 net.inet.ip.fw.dyn_ack_lifetime=120 net.inet.ip.fw.dyn_syn_lifetime=10 net.inet.ip.fw.dyn_fin_lifetime=2 net.inet.ip.fw.dyn_short_lifetime=10 # Make packets pass firewall only once when using dummynet # i.e. packets going thru pipe are passing out from firewall with accept #net.inet.ip.fw.one_pass=1 # shm_use_phys Wires all shared pages, making them unswappable # Use this to lessen Virtual Memory Manager's work when using Shared Mem. # Useful for databases #kern.ipc.shm_use_phys=1 /boot/loader.conf: # Accept filters for data, http and DNS requests # Usefull when your software uses select() instead of kevent/kqueue or when you under DDoS # DNS accf available on 8.0+ accf_data_load="YES" accf_http_load="YES" accf_dns_load="YES" # Async IO system calls aio_load="YES" # Adds NCQ support in FreeBSD # WARNING! all ad[0-9]+ devices will be renamed to ada[0-9]+ # 8.0+ only #ahci_load= #siis_load= # Increase kernel memory size to 3G. # # Use ONLY if you have KVA_PAGES in kernel configuration, and you have more than 3G RAM # Otherwise panic will happen on next reboot! # # It's required for high buffer sizes: kern.ipc.nmbjumbop, kern.ipc.nmbclusters, etc # Useful on highload stateful firewalls, proxies or ZFS fileservers # (FreeBSD 7.2+ amd64 users: Check that current value is lower!) #vm.kmem_size="3G" # Older versions of FreeBSD can't tune maxfiles on the fly #kern.maxfiles="200000" # Useful for databases # Sets maximum data size to 1G # (FreeBSD 7.2+ amd64 users: Check that current value is lower!) #kern.maxdsiz="1G" # Maximum buffer size(vfs.maxbufspace) # You can check current one via vfs.bufspace # Should be lowered/upped depending on server's load-type # Usually decreased to preserve kmem # (default is 200M) #kern.maxbcache="512M" # Sendfile buffers # For i386 only #kern.ipc.nsfbufs=10240 # syncache Hash table tuning net.inet.tcp.syncache.hashsize=1024 net.inet.tcp.syncache.bucketlimit=100 # Incresed hostcache net.inet.tcp.hostcache.hashsize="16384" net.inet.tcp.hostcache.bucketlimit="100" # TCP control-block Hash table tuning net.inet.tcp.tcbhashsize=4096 # Enable superpages, for 7.2+ only # Also read http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-hackers/2009-November/030094.html vm.pmap.pg_ps_enabled=1 # Usefull if you are using Intel-Gigabit NIC #hw.em.rxd=4096 #hw.em.txd=4096 #hw.em.rx_process_limit="-1" # Also if you have ALOT interrupts on NIC - play with following parameters # NOTE: You should set them for every NIC #dev.em.0.rx_int_delay: 250 #dev.em.0.tx_int_delay: 250 #dev.em.0.rx_abs_int_delay: 250 #dev.em.0.tx_abs_int_delay: 250 # There is also multithreaded version of em drivers can be found here: # http://people.yandex-team.ru/~wawa/ # # for additional em monitoring and statistics use # `sysctl dev.em.0.stats=1 ; dmesg` # #Same tunings for igb #hw.igb.rxd=4096 #hw.igb.txd=4096 #hw.igb.rx_process_limit=100 # Some useful netisr tunables. See sysctl net.isr #net.isr.defaultqlimit=4096 #net.isr.maxqlimit: 10240 # Bind netisr threads to CPUs #net.isr.bindthreads=1 # Nicer boot logo =) loader_logo="beastie" And finally here is my additions to GENERIC kernel # Just some of them, see also # cat /sys/{i386,amd64,}/conf/NOTES # This one useful only on i386 #options KVA_PAGES=512 # You can play with HZ in environments with high interrupt rate (default is 1000) # 100 is for my notebook to prolong it's battery life #options HZ=100 # Polling is goot on network loads with high packet rates and low-end NICs # NB! Do not enable it if you want more than one netisr thread #options DEVICE_POLLING # Eliminate datacopy on socket read-write # To take advantage with zero copy sockets you should have an MTU of 8K(amd64) # (4k for i386). This req. is only for receiving data. # Read more in man zero_copy_sockets #options ZERO_COPY_SOCKETS # Support TCP sign. Used for IPSec options TCP_SIGNATURE options IPSEC # This ones can be loaded as modules. They described in loader.conf section #options ACCEPT_FILTER_DATA #options ACCEPT_FILTER_HTTP # Adding ipfw, also can be loaded as modules options IPFIREWALL options IPFIREWALL_VERBOSE options IPFIREWALL_VERBOSE_LIMIT=10 options IPFIREWALL_DEFAULT_TO_ACCEPT options IPFIREWALL_FORWARD # Adding kernel NAT options IPFIREWALL_NAT options LIBALIAS # Traffic shaping options DUMMYNET # Divert, i.e. for userspace NAT options IPDIVERT # This is for OpenBSD's pf firewall device pf device pflog # pf's QoS - ALTQ options ALTQ options ALTQ_CBQ # Class Bases Queuing (CBQ) options ALTQ_RED # Random Early Detection (RED) options ALTQ_RIO # RED In/Out options ALTQ_HFSC # Hierarchical Packet Scheduler (HFSC) options ALTQ_PRIQ # Priority Queuing (PRIQ) options ALTQ_NOPCC # Required for SMP build # Pretty console # Manual can be found here http://forums.freebsd.org/showthread.php?t=6134 #options VESA #options SC_PIXEL_MODE # Disable reboot on Ctrl Alt Del #options SC_DISABLE_REBOOT # Change normal|kernel messages color options SC_NORM_ATTR=(FG_GREEN|BG_BLACK) options SC_KERNEL_CONS_ATTR=(FG_YELLOW|BG_BLACK) # More scroll space options SC_HISTORY_SIZE=8192 # Adding hardware crypto device device crypto device cryptodev # Useful network interfaces device vlan device tap #Virtual Ethernet driver device gre #IP over IP tunneling device if_bridge #Bridge interface device pfsync #synchronization interface for PF device carp #Common Address Redundancy Protocol device enc #IPsec interface device lagg #Link aggregation interface device stf #IPv4-IPv6 port # Also for my notebook, but may be used with Opteron #device amdtemp # Support for ECMP. More than one route for destination # Works even with default route so one can use it as LB for two ISP # For now code is unstable and panics (panic: rtfree 2) on route deletions. #options RADIX_MPATH # Multicast routing #options MROUTING #options PIM # DTrace options KDTRACE_HOOKS # all architectures - enable general DTrace hooks options DDB_CTF # all architectures - kernel ELF linker loads CTF data #options KDTRACE_FRAME # amd64-only # Adaptive spining in lockmgr (8.x+) # See http://www.mail-archive.com/[email protected]/msg10782.html options ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS # UTF-8 in console (9.x+) #options TEKEN_UTF8 #options TEKEN_XTERM # NCQ support # WARNING! all ad[0-9]+ devices will be renamed to ada[0-9]+ #options ATA_CAM # FreeBSD 9+ # Deadlock resolver thread # For additional information see http://www.mail-archive.com/[email protected]/msg18124.html #options DEADLKRES PS. Also most of FreeBSD's limits can be monitored by # vmstat -z and # limits PPS. variety of network counters can be monitored via # netstat -s In FreeBSD-9 netstat's -Q option appeared, try following command to display netisr stats # netstat -Q PPPS. also see # man 7 tuning PPPPS. I wanted to thank FreeBSD community, especially author of nginx - Igor Sysoev, nginx-ru@ and FreeBSD-performance@ mailing lists for providing useful information about FreeBSD tuning. So here is the question: What tunings are you using on yours FreeBSD servers? You can also post your /etc/sysctl.conf, /boot/loader.conf, kernel options, etc with description of its' meaning (do not copy-paste from sysctl -d). Don't forget to specify server type (web, smb, gateway, etc) Let's share experience!

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  • Windows 8 and SMB2 Issues

    - by Rhys Paterson
    We're playing with the consumer preview of Windows 8 and having issues accessing some network shares in our environment. Basically, when I attempt to access a share directly (\[SERVER].[DOMAIN].[NETWORK]\Share$) I get 'An extended error has occured'. The shares reside on an EMC Celerra system. Sorry, I don't really have much more information about it (this is just a little side project). Accessing shares that reside on Windows machines are fine. The Firewall is completley disabled and I am running under full domain administrative credentials. A quick wireshark shows the following group of packets between myself and the server: SMB2 164 NegotiateProtocol Request SMB2 274 NegotiateProtocol Response SMB2 981 SessionSetup Request SMB2 281 SessionSetup Response SMB2 200 TreeConnect Request Tree: \\[SERVER].[DOMAIN].[NETWORK]\[SHARE]$ SMB2 138 TreeConnect Response SMB2 202 Ioctl Request NETWORK_FILE_SYSTEM Function:0x0080 SMB2 131 Ioctl Response, Error: STATUS_INVALID_DEVICE_REQUEST SMB2 126 SessionLogoff Request SMB2 126 SessionLogoff Respons This repeats five times and then (I assume) Windows throws me the above error. A quick Google shows me: 0xC0000010 STATUS_INVALID_DEVICE_REQUEST The specified request is not a valid operation for the target device. Which shows me that NETWORK_FILE_SYSTEM Function:0x0080 request is invalid.. Does anyone know what would cause this? Thanks in advance. Rhys. Edit: FYI - as a workaround, you can disable SMB 2.2 as noted in the EMC thread: sc config lanmanworkstation depend= bowser/mrxsmb10/nsi sc config mrxsmb20 start= disabled This will allow the machine to access the shares. The below answer still stands though :)

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  • Why does traceroute take much longer than ping?

    - by PHP
    How to explain this? C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator>tracert google.com Tracing route to google.com [64.233.189.104] over a maximum of 30 hops: 1 <1 ms <1 ms <1 ms 192.168.0.1 2 7 ms <1 ms <1 ms reserve.cableplus.com.cn [218.242.223.209] 3 108 ms 135 ms 163 ms 211.154.70.10 4 * * * Request timed out. 5 2 ms * 1 ms 211.154.64.114 6 1 ms 1 ms 1 ms 211.154.72.185 7 1 ms 1 ms 1 ms 202.96.222.77 8 2 ms 1 ms 2 ms 61.152.81.145 9 1 ms 2 ms 1 ms 61.152.86.54 10 1 ms 1 ms 1 ms 202.97.33.238 11 2 ms 2 ms 2 ms 202.97.33.54 12 2 ms 1 ms 2 ms 202.97.33.5 13 33 ms 33 ms 33 ms 202.97.61.50 14 34 ms 34 ms 34 ms 202.97.62.214 15 34 ms 186 ms 37 ms 209.85.241.56 16 35 ms 35 ms 44 ms 66.249.94.34 17 34 ms 34 ms 34 ms hkg01s01-in-f104.1e100.net [64.233.189.104] Trace complete. So average time should be :1+7+108+2+1+1+2+1+1+2+2+33+34+34+35+34+34+35+34,which is a lot bigger than ping C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator>ping google.com Pinging google.com [64.233.189.104] with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 64.233.189.104: bytes=32 time=34ms TTL=241 Reply from 64.233.189.104: bytes=32 time=34ms TTL=241 Reply from 64.233.189.104: bytes=32 time=34ms TTL=241 Reply from 64.233.189.104: bytes=32 time=34ms TTL=241 Ping statistics for 64.233.189.104: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 34ms, Maximum = 34ms, Average = 34ms

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  • OpenVpn Iptables Error

    - by Mook
    I mean real newbie - linux here.. Please help me configuring my openvpn through iptables. My main goal here is to open port for regular browsing (80, 443), email (110, 25), etc just like isp does but i want to block p2p traffic. So I will need to open only few port. Here are my iptables config # Flush all current rules from iptables # iptables -F iptables -t nat -F iptables -t mangle -F # # Allow SSH connections on tcp port 22 (or whatever port you want to use) # iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT # # Set default policies for INPUT, FORWARD and OUTPUT chains # iptables -P INPUT DROP #using DROP for INPUT is not always recommended. Change to ACCEPT if you prefer. iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT iptables -P OUTPUT ACCEPT # # Set access for localhost # iptables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT # # Accept packets belonging to established and related connections # iptables -A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT # #Accept connections on 1194 for vpn access from clients #Take note that the rule says "UDP", and ensure that your OpenVPN server.conf says UDP too # iptables -A INPUT -p udp --dport 1194 -j ACCEPT # #Apply forwarding for OpenVPN Tunneling # iptables -A FORWARD -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT iptables -A FORWARD -s 10.8.0.0/24 -j ACCEPT #10.8.0.0 ? Check your OpenVPN server.conf to be sure iptables -A FORWARD -j REJECT iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o venet0 -j SNAT --to-source 100.200.255.256 #Use your OpenVPN server's real external IP here # #Enable forwarding # echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 25 -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 26 -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 110 -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT iptables -L -v But when I connect to my vpn, i can't browsing and also got RTO on pinging yahoo, etc

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  • Duplicate ping packages in Linux VirtualBox machine

    - by Darkmage
    i cant seem t figure out what is going on here. The Linux machine I am using is running as a VM on a Win7 machine using Virtual Box running as a service. If i ping the win7 Host i get ok result. root@Virtual-Box:/home/glennwiz# ping -c 100000 -s 10 -i 0.02 192.168.1.100 PING 192.168.1.100 (192.168.1.100) 10(38) bytes of data. 18 bytes from 192.168.1.100: icmp_seq=1 ttl=128 time=1.78 ms 18 bytes from 192.168.1.100: icmp_seq=2 ttl=128 time=1.68 ms if i ping localhost im ok root@Virtual-Box:/home/glennwiz# ping -c 100000 -s 10 -i 0.02 localhost PING localhost (127.0.0.1) 10(38) bytes of data. 18 bytes from localhost (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.255 ms 18 bytes from localhost (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.221 ms but if i ping gateway i get DUP packets root@Virtual-Box:/home/glennwiz# ping -c 100000 -s 10 -i 0.02 192.168.1.1 PING 192.168.1.1 (192.168.1.1) 10(38) bytes of data. 18 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=1.27 ms 18 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=1.46 ms (DUP!) 18 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=22.1 ms 18 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=22.4 ms (DUP!) if i ping other machine on same LAN i stil get dups. pinging remote hosts also gives (DUP!) result root@Virtual-Box:/home/glennwiz# ping -c 100000 -s 10 -i 0.02 www.vg.no PING www.vg.no (195.88.55.16) 10(38) bytes of data. 18 bytes from www.vg.no (195.88.55.16): icmp_seq=1 ttl=245 time=10.0 ms 18 bytes from www.vg.no (195.88.55.16): icmp_seq=1 ttl=245 time=10.3 ms (DUP!) 18 bytes from www.vg.no (195.88.55.16): icmp_seq=2 ttl=245 time=10.3 ms 18 bytes from www.vg.no (195.88.55.16): icmp_seq=2 ttl=245 time=10.6 ms (DUP!)

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  • ICMP Redirect Theory VS. Application

    - by joeqwerty
    I'm trying to watch ICMP redirects in a lab using Cisco Packet Tracer (version 5.3.2) and I'm not seeing them, which leads me to believe that either my lab configuration isn't correct or my understanding of ICMP redirects isn't correct or that Packet Tracer doesn't support/use ICMP redirects. Here's what I believe to be true regarding ICMP redirects: Routers send ICMP redirects when all of these conditions are met: The interface on which the packet comes into the router is the same interface on which the packet gets routed out. The subnet or network of the source IP address is on the same subnet or network of the next-hop IP address of the routed packet. The datagram is not source-routed. The router kernel is configured to send redirects. I have the lab set up in Cisco Packet Tracer as displayed in the image and would expect to see an ICMP redirect from Router1 when pinging from PC1 to PC3. I'm not seeing the ICMP redirect and it looks like Router1 is actually routing all of the packets via Router2. I have IP ICMP debugging enabled on Router1 (and Router2) and I'm not seeing any ICMP redirect activity in either console. I'm also not seeing a route to the PC3 network in the routing table on PC1, which I think confirms that the ICMP redirect is not occurring. I'm using only static routing on Routers 1 and 2. Is my understanding of ICMP redirects incorrect, or is there a problem with my lab configuration or does Packet Tracer not support/use ICMP redirects?

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  • Snort's problems in generating alert from Darpa 1998 intrusion detection dataset.

    - by manofseven2
    Hi. I’m working on DARPA 1998 intrusion detection dataset. When I run snort on this dataset (outside.tcpdump file), snort don’t generate complete list of alerts. It means snort start from last few hours of tcpdump file and generate alerts about this section of file and all of packets in first hours are ignored. Another problem in generatin alert is in time stamp of generated alerts. This means when I run snort on a specific day of dataset, snort insert incorrect time stamp for that alert. The configuration and command line statement and other information about my research are: Snort version: 2.8.6 Operating system: windows XP Rule version: snortrules-snapshot-2860_s.tar.gz -———————————————————————— Command line: snort_2.8.6 c D:\programs\Snort_2.8.6\snort\etc\snort.conf -r d:\users\amir\docs\darpa\training_data\week_3\monday\outside.tcpdump -l D:\users\amir\current-task\research\thesis\snort\890230 -————————————————————————— Snort.config Hi. I'm working on DARPA 1998 intrusion detection dataset. When I run snort on this dataset (outside.tcpdump file), snort don't generate complete list of alerts. It means snort start from last few hours of tcpdump file and generate alerts about this section of file and all of packets in first hours are ignored. Another problem in generatin alert is in time stamp of generated alerts. This means when I run snort on a specific day of dataset, snort insert incorrect time stamp for that alert. The configuration and command line statement and other information about my research are: Snort version: 2.8.6 Operating system: windows XP Rule version: snortrules-snapshot-2860_s.tar.gz Command line: snort_2.8.6 -c D:\programs\Snort_2.8.6\snort\etc\snort.conf -r d:\users\amir\docs\darpa\training_data\week_3\monday\outside.tcpdump -l D:\users\amir\current-task\research\thesis\snort\890230 Snort.config # Setup the network addresses you are protecting var HOME_NET any # Set up the external network addresses. Leave as "any" in most situations var EXTERNAL_NET any # List of DNS servers on your network var DNS_SERVERS $HOME_NET # List of SMTP servers on your network var SMTP_SERVERS $HOME_NET # List of web servers on your network var HTTP_SERVERS $HOME_NET # List of sql servers on your network var SQL_SERVERS $HOME_NET # List of telnet servers on your network var TELNET_SERVERS $HOME_NET # List of ssh servers on your network var SSH_SERVERS $HOME_NET # List of ports you run web servers on portvar HTTP_PORTS [80,1220,2301,3128,7777,7779,8000,8008,8028,8080,8180,8888,9999] # List of ports you want to look for SHELLCODE on. portvar SHELLCODE_PORTS !80 # List of ports you might see oracle attacks on portvar ORACLE_PORTS 1024: # List of ports you want to look for SSH connections on: portvar SSH_PORTS 22 # other variables, these should not be modified var AIM_SERVERS [64.12.24.0/23,64.12.28.0/23,64.12.161.0/24,64.12.163.0/24,64.12.200.0/24,205.188.3.0/24,205.188.5.0/24,205.188.7.0/24,205.188.9.0/24,205.188.153.0/24,205.188.179.0/24,205.188.248.0/24] var RULE_PATH ../rules var SO_RULE_PATH ../so_rules var PREPROC_RULE_PATH ../preproc_rules # Stop generic decode events: config disable_decode_alerts # Stop Alerts on experimental TCP options config disable_tcpopt_experimental_alerts # Stop Alerts on obsolete TCP options config disable_tcpopt_obsolete_alerts # Stop Alerts on T/TCP alerts config disable_tcpopt_ttcp_alerts # Stop Alerts on all other TCPOption type events: config disable_tcpopt_alerts # Stop Alerts on invalid ip options config disable_ipopt_alerts # Alert if value in length field (IP, TCP, UDP) is greater th elength of the packet # config enable_decode_oversized_alerts # Same as above, but drop packet if in Inline mode (requires enable_decode_oversized_alerts) # config enable_decode_oversized_drops # Configure IP / TCP checksum mode config checksum_mode: all config pcre_match_limit: 1500 config pcre_match_limit_recursion: 1500 # Configure the detection engine See the Snort Manual, Configuring Snort - Includes - Config config detection: search-method ac-split search-optimize max-pattern-len 20 # Configure the event queue. For more information, see README.event_queue config event_queue: max_queue 8 log 3 order_events content_length dynamicpreprocessor directory D:\programs\Snort_2.8.6\snort\lib\snort_dynamicpreprocessor dynamicengine D:\programs\Snort_2.8.6\snort\lib\snort_dynamicengine\sf_engine.dll # path to dynamic rules libraries #dynamicdetection directory /usr/local/lib/snort_dynamicrules preprocessor frag3_global: max_frags 65536 preprocessor frag3_engine: policy windows detect_anomalies overlap_limit 10 min_fragment_length 100 timeout 180 preprocessor stream5_global: max_tcp 8192, track_tcp yes, track_udp yes, track_icmp no preprocessor stream5_tcp: policy windows, detect_anomalies, require_3whs 180, \ overlap_limit 10, small_segments 3 bytes 150, timeout 180, \ ports client 21 22 23 25 42 53 79 109 110 111 113 119 135 136 137 139 143 \ 161 445 513 514 587 593 691 1433 1521 2100 3306 6665 6666 6667 6668 6669 \ 7000 32770 32771 32772 32773 32774 32775 32776 32777 32778 32779, \ ports both 80 443 465 563 636 989 992 993 994 995 1220 2301 3128 6907 7702 7777 7779 7801 7900 7901 7902 7903 7904 7905 \ 7906 7908 7909 7910 7911 7912 7913 7914 7915 7916 7917 7918 7919 7920 8000 8008 8028 8080 8180 8888 9999 preprocessor stream5_udp: timeout 180 preprocessor http_inspect: global iis_unicode_map unicode.map 1252 compress_depth 20480 decompress_depth 20480 preprocessor http_inspect_server: server default \ chunk_length 500000 \ server_flow_depth 0 \ client_flow_depth 0 \ post_depth 65495 \ oversize_dir_length 500 \ max_header_length 750 \ max_headers 100 \ ports { 80 1220 2301 3128 7777 7779 8000 8008 8028 8080 8180 8888 9999 } \ non_rfc_char { 0x00 0x01 0x02 0x03 0x04 0x05 0x06 0x07 } \ enable_cookie \ extended_response_inspection \ inspect_gzip \ apache_whitespace no \ ascii no \ bare_byte no \ directory no \ double_decode no \ iis_backslash no \ iis_delimiter no \ iis_unicode no \ multi_slash no \ non_strict \ u_encode yes \ webroot no preprocessor rpc_decode: 111 32770 32771 32772 32773 32774 32775 32776 32777 32778 32779 no_alert_multiple_requests no_alert_large_fragments no_alert_incomplete preprocessor bo preprocessor ftp_telnet: global inspection_type stateful encrypted_traffic no preprocessor ftp_telnet_protocol: telnet \ ayt_attack_thresh 20 \ normalize ports { 23 } \ detect_anomalies preprocessor ftp_telnet_protocol: ftp server default \ def_max_param_len 100 \ ports { 21 2100 3535 } \ telnet_cmds yes \ ignore_telnet_erase_cmds yes \ ftp_cmds { ABOR ACCT ADAT ALLO APPE AUTH CCC CDUP } \ ftp_cmds { CEL CLNT CMD CONF CWD DELE ENC EPRT } \ ftp_cmds { EPSV ESTA ESTP FEAT HELP LANG LIST LPRT } \ ftp_cmds { LPSV MACB MAIL MDTM MIC MKD MLSD MLST } \ ftp_cmds { MODE NLST NOOP OPTS PASS PASV PBSZ PORT } \ ftp_cmds { PROT PWD QUIT REIN REST RETR RMD RNFR } \ ftp_cmds { RNTO SDUP SITE SIZE SMNT STAT STOR STOU } \ ftp_cmds { STRU SYST TEST TYPE USER XCUP XCRC XCWD } \ ftp_cmds { XMAS XMD5 XMKD XPWD XRCP XRMD XRSQ XSEM } \ ftp_cmds { XSEN XSHA1 XSHA256 } \ alt_max_param_len 0 { ABOR CCC CDUP ESTA FEAT LPSV NOOP PASV PWD QUIT REIN STOU SYST XCUP XPWD } \ alt_max_param_len 200 { ALLO APPE CMD HELP NLST RETR RNFR STOR STOU XMKD } \ alt_max_param_len 256 { CWD RNTO } \ alt_max_param_len 400 { PORT } \ alt_max_param_len 512 { SIZE } \ chk_str_fmt { ACCT ADAT ALLO APPE AUTH CEL CLNT CMD } \ chk_str_fmt { CONF CWD DELE ENC EPRT EPSV ESTP HELP } \ chk_str_fmt { LANG LIST LPRT MACB MAIL MDTM MIC MKD } \ chk_str_fmt { MLSD MLST MODE NLST OPTS PASS PBSZ PORT } \ chk_str_fmt { PROT REST RETR RMD RNFR RNTO SDUP SITE } \ chk_str_fmt { SIZE SMNT STAT STOR STRU TEST TYPE USER } \ chk_str_fmt { XCRC XCWD XMAS XMD5 XMKD XRCP XRMD XRSQ } \ chk_str_fmt { XSEM XSEN XSHA1 XSHA256 } \ cmd_validity ALLO \ cmd_validity EPSV \ cmd_validity MACB \ cmd_validity MDTM \ cmd_validity MODE \ cmd_validity PORT \ cmd_validity PROT \ cmd_validity STRU \ cmd_validity TYPE preprocessor ftp_telnet_protocol: ftp client default \ max_resp_len 256 \ bounce yes \ ignore_telnet_erase_cmds yes \ telnet_cmds yes preprocessor smtp: ports { 25 465 587 691 } \ inspection_type stateful \ normalize cmds \ normalize_cmds { MAIL RCPT HELP HELO ETRN EHLO EXPN VRFY ATRN SIZE BDAT DEBUG EMAL ESAM ESND ESOM EVFY IDENT NOOP RSET SEND SAML SOML AUTH TURN DATA QUIT ONEX QUEU STARTTLS TICK TIME TURNME VERB X-EXPS X-LINK2STATE XADR XAUTH XCIR XEXCH50 XGEN XLICENSE XQUE XSTA XTRN XUSR } \ max_command_line_len 512 \ max_header_line_len 1000 \ max_response_line_len 512 \ alt_max_command_line_len 260 { MAIL } \ alt_max_command_line_len 300 { RCPT } \ alt_max_command_line_len 500 { HELP HELO ETRN EHLO } \ alt_max_command_line_len 255 { EXPN VRFY ATRN SIZE BDAT DEBUG EMAL ESAM ESND ESOM EVFY IDENT NOOP RSET } \ alt_max_command_line_len 246 { SEND SAML SOML AUTH TURN ETRN DATA RSET QUIT ONEX QUEU STARTTLS TICK TIME TURNME VERB X-EXPS X-LINK2STATE XADR XAUTH XCIR XEXCH50 XGEN XLICENSE XQUE XSTA XTRN XUSR } \ valid_cmds { MAIL RCPT HELP HELO ETRN EHLO EXPN VRFY ATRN SIZE BDAT DEBUG EMAL ESAM ESND ESOM EVFY IDENT NOOP RSET SEND SAML SOML AUTH TURN DATA QUIT ONEX QUEU STARTTLS TICK TIME TURNME VERB X-EXPS X-LINK2STATE XADR XAUTH XCIR XEXCH50 XGEN XLICENSE XQUE XSTA XTRN XUSR } \ xlink2state { enabled } preprocessor ssh: server_ports { 22 } \ autodetect \ max_client_bytes 19600 \ max_encrypted_packets 20 \ max_server_version_len 100 \ enable_respoverflow enable_ssh1crc32 \ enable_srvoverflow enable_protomismatch preprocessor dcerpc2: memcap 102400, events [co ] preprocessor dcerpc2_server: default, policy WinXP, \ detect [smb [139,445], tcp 135, udp 135, rpc-over-http-server 593], \ autodetect [tcp 1025:, udp 1025:, rpc-over-http-server 1025:], \ smb_max_chain 3 preprocessor dns: ports { 53 } enable_rdata_overflow preprocessor ssl: ports { 443 465 563 636 989 992 993 994 995 7801 7702 7900 7901 7902 7903 7904 7905 7906 6907 7908 7909 7910 7911 7912 7913 7914 7915 7916 7917 7918 7919 7920 }, trustservers, noinspect_encrypted # SDF sensitive data preprocessor. For more information see README.sensitive_data preprocessor sensitive_data: alert_threshold 25 output alert_full: alert.log output database: log, mysql, user=root password=123456 dbname=snort host=localhost include classification.config include reference.config include $RULE_PATH/local.rules include $RULE_PATH/attack-responses.rules include $RULE_PATH/backdoor.rules include $RULE_PATH/bad-traffic.rules include $RULE_PATH/chat.rules include $RULE_PATH/content-replace.rules include $RULE_PATH/ddos.rules include $RULE_PATH/dns.rules include $RULE_PATH/dos.rules include $RULE_PATH/exploit.rules include $RULE_PATH/finger.rules include $RULE_PATH/ftp.rules include $RULE_PATH/icmp.rules include $RULE_PATH/icmp-info.rules include $RULE_PATH/imap.rules include $RULE_PATH/info.rules include $RULE_PATH/misc.rules include $RULE_PATH/multimedia.rules include $RULE_PATH/mysql.rules include $RULE_PATH/netbios.rules include $RULE_PATH/nntp.rules include $RULE_PATH/oracle.rules include $RULE_PATH/other-ids.rules include $RULE_PATH/p2p.rules include $RULE_PATH/policy.rules include $RULE_PATH/pop2.rules include $RULE_PATH/pop3.rules include $RULE_PATH/rpc.rules include $RULE_PATH/rservices.rules include $RULE_PATH/scada.rules include $RULE_PATH/scan.rules include $RULE_PATH/shellcode.rules include $RULE_PATH/smtp.rules include $RULE_PATH/snmp.rules include $RULE_PATH/specific-threats.rules include $RULE_PATH/spyware-put.rules include $RULE_PATH/sql.rules include $RULE_PATH/telnet.rules include $RULE_PATH/tftp.rules include $RULE_PATH/virus.rules include $RULE_PATH/voip.rules include $RULE_PATH/web-activex.rules include $RULE_PATH/web-attacks.rules include $RULE_PATH/web-cgi.rules include $RULE_PATH/web-client.rules include $RULE_PATH/web-coldfusion.rules include $RULE_PATH/web-frontpage.rules include $RULE_PATH/web-iis.rules include $RULE_PATH/web-misc.rules include $RULE_PATH/web-php.rules include $RULE_PATH/x11.rules include threshold.conf -————————————————————————————- Can anyone help me to solve this problem? Thanks.

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  • Can ping IP address and nslookup hostname but cannot ping hostname

    - by Puddingfox
    I have a DNS server set up on one of my machines using BIND 9.7 Everything works fine with it. On my Windows 7 desktop, I have statically-assigned all network values. I have one DNS server set -- my DNS server. On my desktop, I can ping a third machine by IP fine. I can nslookup the hostname of the third machine fine. When I ping the hostname, it says it cannot find the host. / C:\Users\James>nslookup icecream Server: cake.my.domain Address: xxx.xxx.6.3 Name: icecream.my.domain Address: xxx.xxx.6.9 C:\Users\James>ping xxx.xxx.6.9 Pinging xxx.xxx.6.9 with 32 bytes of data: Reply from xxx.xxx.6.9: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=255 Reply from xxx.xxx.6.9: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=255 Reply from xxx.xxx.6.9: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=255 Reply from xxx.xxx.6.9: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=255 Ping statistics for xxx.xxx.6.9: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms C:\Users\James>ping icecream Ping request could not find host icecream. Please check the name and try again. I have also specified the search domain as my.domain xxx.xxx and my.domain substituted for security Why can I not ping by hostname? I also can not ping using the FQDN. The problem is that this problem is shared by all applications that resolve hostnames. I cannot use PuTTY to SSH to my machines by hostname; only by IP

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  • SNMPD running but not listening for connections at random

    - by Lukasz
    OS: CentOS release 5.7 (Final) Net-SNMP: net-snmp-5.3.2.2-14.el5_7.1 (from RPM) Periodically my NMS notifies me that SNMP has gone down on this machine. The service is restored in between 10 to 30 minutes. My NMS also pings and check SSH and those services are not affected during the SNMP outage. SNMPD log file shows that it is working and apparently receiving packets (either from local agents from 127.0.0.1 or from my NMS at 172.16.37.37) however attempting to snmpwalk locally or from the NMS system fails with a timeout. I have 7 of these servers running mixture of CentOS 5.7 and RHEL 5.7 with this specific version of Net-SNMP installed from RPM - none of them have this issue except this one. 5 of the machines (including the NMS system and this problem server) are in the same rack connected using one switch. Restarting SNMPD does not fix the issue - it clears up by itself eventually. Any suggestions where I can begin diagnosing the issue? It's a closed subnet so IPTables is not used. SNMPD config below: # Following entries were added by HP Insight Management Agents at # Tue May 15 10:58:17 CLT 2012 dlmod cmaX /usr/lib64/libcmaX64.so rwcommunity public 127.0.0.1 rocommunity public 127.0.0.1 rwcommunity 3adRabRu 172.16.37.37 rocommunity 3adRabRu 172.16.37.37 rwcommunity 3adRabRu 172.16.37.36 rocommunity 3adRabRu 172.16.37.36 trapcommunity callmetraps trapsink 172.16.37.37 callmetraps trapsink 172.16.37.36 callmetraps syscontact Lukasz Piwowarek syslocation Santiago, Chile # ---------------------- END -------------------- agentAddress udp:161 com2sec rwlocal default public com2sec rolocal default public com2sec subnet default 3adRabRu group rwv2c v2c rwlocal group rov2c v2c rolocal group rov2c v2c subnet view all included .1 access rwv2c "" any noauth exact all all none access rov2c "" any noauth exact all none none

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  • Uninstall php5 installed from source.

    - by diegomichel
    I have tried to install php5 from source , and it worked... Then for some reason need to install the official packets, so i tried a make uninstall and for my surprise there is such make uninstall... so i tried delete all the installed files by hand. Then installed the official debian packages and it worked fine... till i need install sqlite module, which give me the following error: php --version PHP Warning: PHP Startup: Unable to load dynamic library '/usr/lib/php5/20090626/pdo_sqlite.so' - /usr/lib/php5/20090626/pdo_sqlite.so: undefined symbol: php_pdo_register_driver in Unknown on line 0 PHP Warning: PHP Startup: Unable to load dynamic library '/usr/lib/php5/20090626/sqlite.so' - /usr/lib/php5/20090626/sqlite.so: undefined symbol: php_pdo_register_driver in Unknown on line 0 PHP 5.3.1-5 with Suhosin-Patch (cli) (built: Feb 22 2010 22:46:05) Copyright (c) 1997-2009 The PHP Group Zend Engine v2.3.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2009 Zend Technologies So i remember that manual install i did, and i think there is some old lib installed causing that problem, the bad thing is that there is not such make uninstall on the source code of php5... php-5.2.13 > make uninstall make: *** No rule to make target `uninstall'. Stop. I have tried reinstall and purge all php related packages via aptitude with not success. OS: Debian Squeeze. uname -a Linux desktop 2.6.32-trunk-amd64 #1 SMP Sun Jan 10 22:40:40 UTC 2010 x86_64 GNU/Linux Any idea how to fix that?

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  • Windows Server 2008R2 - can't change or remove the default gateway

    - by disserman
    We've installed VMWare Server 2.0 on Windows 2008R2. After some time playing with it (actually only removing host-only and nat networks, and binding adapters to the specified vmnets) we've noticed a strange problem: if you change or remove the default gateway on the network card, the server completely loses a network connection you can't ping it from the subnet, it also can't connect to anyone. When the gateway is removed and a server tries to connect to the other machines, I can see some incoming packets using a sniffer, but I believe they are damaged in some kind (I'm not a mega-guru in TCP/IP and can't find a mistake in a binary translation of the packet) because the other side doesn't respond. What we tried: removed vmware server using add/remove programs deleted everything related to the vmware server and all installed network adapters in the windows registry double checked for the vmware bridged protocol driver file, it's physically absent and no any links in the registry. performed a tcp/ip reset with netsh and disabled/enabled all network adapters in the device manager to recreate a registry keys for them. tried another network adapter. and the situation is the same: as soon you remove or change the default gateway, windows stops working. The total absurd of the situation is that the default gateway points to the non-existing IP. But when it's set, you can ping a server from the subnet, when you remove it - you can't. Any help? I'm starting thinking the new build of the VMWare Server is some kind of the malware... :)

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  • ipvsadm lists a few hosts by IP only, rest by name

    - by dmourati
    We use keepalived to manage our Linux Virtual Server (LVS) load balancer. The LVS VIPs are setup to use a FWMARK as configured in iptables. virtual_server fwmark 300000 { delay_loop 10 lb_algo wrr lb_kind NAT persistence_timeout 180 protocol TCP real_server 10.10.35.31 { weight 24 MISC_CHECK { misc_path "/usr/local/sbin/check_php_wrapper.sh 10.10.35.31" misc_timeout 30 } } real_server 10.10.35.32 { weight 24 MISC_CHECK { misc_path "/usr/local/sbin/check_php_wrapper.sh 10.10.35.32" misc_timeout 30 } } real_server 10.10.35.33 { weight 24 MISC_CHECK { misc_path "/usr/local/sbin/check_php_wrapper.sh 10.10.35.33" misc_timeout 30 } } real_server 10.10.35.34 { weight 24 MISC_CHECK { misc_path "/usr/local/sbin/check_php_wrapper.sh 10.10.35.34" misc_timeout 30 } } } http://www.austintek.com/LVS/LVS-HOWTO/HOWTO/LVS-HOWTO.fwmark.html [root@lb1 ~]# iptables -L -n -v -t mangle Chain PREROUTING (policy ACCEPT 182G packets, 114T bytes) 190M 167G MARK tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 w1.x1.y1.4 multiport dports 80,443 MARK set 0x493e0 62M 58G MARK tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 w1.x1.y2.4 multiport dports 80,443 MARK set 0x493e0 [root@lb1 ~]# ipvsadm -L IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096) Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags -> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn FWM 300000 wrr persistent 180 -> 10.10.35.31:0 Masq 24 1 0 -> dis2.domain.com:0 Masq 24 3 231 -> 10.10.35.33:0 Masq 24 0 208 -> 10.10.35.34:0 Masq 24 0 0 At the time the realservers were setup, there was a misconfigured dns for some hosts in the 10.10.35.0/24 network. Thereafter, we fixed the DNS. However, the hosts continue to show up as only their IP numbers (10.10.35.31,10.10.35.33,10.10.35.34) above. [root@lb1 ~]# host 10.10.35.31 31.35.10.10.in-addr.arpa domain name pointer dis1.domain.com. OS is CentOS 6.3. Ipvsadm is ipvsadm-1.25-10.el6.x86_64. kernel is kernel-2.6.32-71.el6.x86_64. Keepalived is keepalived-1.2.7-1.el6.x86_64. How can we get ipvsadm -L to list all realservers by their proper hostnames?

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  • Configure IPv6 routing

    - by godlark
    I've got IPv6 addresses from SIXXS. My host is connected with SIXXS network over a AICCU tunnel ("sixxs" interface). My host address is 2001:::2, the host on the end has address 2001:::1. On my host IPv6 is fully accessible. I have problem with configuring IPv6 network on VMs. I use VirtualBox, the VM (Ubuntu) uses tap1 (on the host bridged by br0) #!/bin/sh PATH=/sbin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin # create a tap tunctl -t tap1 ip link set up dev tap1 # create the bridge brctl addbr br0 brctl addif br0 tap1 # set the IP address and routing ip link set up dev br0 ip -6 route del 2001:6a0:200:172::/64 dev sixxs ip -6 route add 2001:6a0:200:172::1 dev sixxs ip -6 addr add 2001:6a0:200:172::2/64 dev br0 ip -6 route add 2001:6a0:200:172::2/64 dev br0 Host: routing table: 2001:6a0:200:172::1 dev sixxs metric 1024 2001:6a0:200:172::/64 dev br0 proto kernel metric 256 2001:6a0:200:172::/64 dev br0 metric 1024 2000::/3 dev sixxs metric 1024 fe80::/64 dev eth0 proto kernel metric 256 fe80::/64 dev sixxs proto kernel metric 256 fe80::/64 dev br0 proto kernel metric 256 fe80::/64 dev tap1 proto kernel metric 256 default via 2001:6a0:200:172::1 dev sixxs metric 1024 Guest: interface eth1 (it is connected with tap1): auto eth1 iface eth1 inet6 static address 2001:6a0:200:172::3 netmask 64 gateway 2001:6a0:200:172::2 Guest: routing table 2001:6a0:200:172::/64 dev eth1 proto kernel metric 256 fe80::/64 dev eth0 proto kernel metric 256 fe80::/64 dev eth1 proto kernel metric 256 default via 2001:6a0:200:172::2 dev eth1 metric 1024 The guest pings to the host, the host pings to the guest, the host pings to 2001:6a0:200:172::1, but the guest doesn't ping to 2001:6a0:200:172::1. The guest tries to ping, on the host (by tcdump) I can capture its packets, but the host doesn't send them to 2001:6a0:200:172::1. What have I missed in configuration?

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  • Windows Server 2008 DHCP with RRAS

    - by Guillermo Prandi
    I have a Windows Server 2008 R2 which is a member of a domain, but is placed in a remote location. The server is directly connected to Internet. Clients need to access a particular insecure TCP service in this server (ports 9730 and 9731). Since clients have dynamic IP addresses I cannot know in advance, I thought it would be nice to have them connected through a VPN in order to access the insecure service, but ONLY to access that service, like this: Client ------> VPN TUNNEL ------> (Insecure service at Server) | \----> (Normal internet access) I'd enable the insecure ports in the firewall only from VPN accesses. For this I configured RRAS in the server and gave it a static IP address range (172.19.1.2 through 172.19.1.254) to serve the clients. First I thought I could use DHCP to assign the addresses, but I cannot use DHCP in my LAN connection (not allowed by the hosting service). I tried configuring DHCP binding it to a Microsoft Loopback Adapter, but that's not supported as a DHCP source by RRAS. What I want to accomplish is to send specific DHCP options to the client (network mask, routing table, etc.). In particular: Prevent the client from having the server as default router (without changing the client's "use default gateway in remote network"). Have it as a route for the server's internal RRAS address only (172.19.1.1). Prevent the client from using a 255.255.0.0 mask for the 172.19.x.x network (a 255.255.255.0 mask would be better). Can I do that with RRAS only? How? Currently, the only solution I can think of is to use DHCP in the LAN adapter, but filter DHCP packets so they don't reach the provider's network. However, I'm not sure if that will work. Any suggestions are welcomed! Guille

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  • How much network latency is "typical" for east - west coast USA?

    - by Jeff Atwood
    At the moment we're trying to decide whether to move our datacenter from the west coast (Corvallis, OR) to the east coast (NY, NY). However, I am seeing some disturbing latency numbers from my location (Berkeley, CA) to the NYC host. Here's a sample result, retrieving a small .png logo file in Google Chrome and using the dev tools to see how long the request takes: Berkeley to NYC server: 215 ms latency, 46ms transfer time, 261ms total Berkeley to Corvallis server: 114ms latency, 41ms transfer time, 155ms total some URLs if you want to try yourself: http://careers.stackoverflow.com/content/cso/img/logo.png (NY, NY) http://serverfault.com/cache/logo.png (Corvallis, OR) It makes sense that Corvallis, OR is geographically closer to Berkeley, CA so I expect the connection to be a bit faster.. but I'm seeing an increase in latency of +100ms when I perform the same test to the NYC server. That seems .. excessive to me. Particularly since the time spent transferring the actual data only went up 10%, yet the latency went up ten times as much! That feels... wrong... to me. I found a few links here that were helpful (through Google no less!) ... http://serverfault.com/questions/63531/does-routing-distance-affect-performance-significantly http://serverfault.com/questions/61719/how-does-geography-affect-network-latency http://serverfault.com/questions/6210/latency-in-internet-connections-from-europe-to-usa ... but nothing authoritative. So, is this normal? It doesn't feel normal. What is the "typical" latency I should expect when moving network packets from the east coast <--> west coast of the USA?

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  • Traffic Shaping using tc

    - by Simon
    Hi guys, I have a 1.5 Mbit/s link that i want to share with 150 users. My setup is the following: Linux box with 3 NICs eth0 - public ip eth1 - subnet A - 50 users (static ips) eth2 - subnet B - 100 users (via dhcp) I am using squid as a transparent proxy on port 3128. dhcp server using ports 67 and 68. I was creating, but I think packets are not going to the right queues #!/bin/bash DEV=eth0 RATE_MAIN=2048kbit CEIL_MAIN=2048kbit BURST=1b CBURST=1b RATE_DEFAULT=1024kbit CEIL_DEFAULT=$CEIL_MAIN PRIO_DEFAULT=3 RATE_P2P=1024Kbit CEIL_P2P=$CEIL_MAIN PRIO_P2P=4 RATE_IND=32kbit CEIL_IND=$CEIL_DEFAULT tc qdisc del dev $DEV root tc qdisc add dev $DEV root handle 1: htb default 30 tc class add dev $DEV parent 1: classid 1:1 htb rate $RATE_MAIN ceil $CEIL_MAIN tc class add dev $DEV parent 1:1 classid 1:10 htb rate $RATE_DEFAULT ceil $CEIL_MAIN burst $BURST cburst $CBURST prio $PRIO_WEB ## some other sub class for p2p other traffic tc class add dev $DEV parent 1:1 classid 1:20 htb rate $RATE_P2P ceil $CEIL_P2P burst $BURST cburst $CBURST prio $PRIO_P2P $IPS_NET1=50 $IPS_NET2=100 let $IPS=$IPS_NET1+$IPS_NET2 for ((i=1; i<= $IPS; i++)) do let CLASSID=($i+100) let HANDLE=($i+100) tc class add dev $DEV parent 1:10 classid 1:$CLASSID htb rate $RATE_IND ceil $CEIL_IND tc qdisc add dev $DEV parent 1:$CLASSID handle $HANDLE: sfq perturb 10 done ## Generate IP addresses ## IP_ADDRESSES="" # Subnet A BASE_IP=10.10.10. for ((i=2; i<=$IPS_NET1+1; i++)) do TEMP="$BASE_IP$i" IP=ADDRESSES="$IP_ADDRESSES $TEMP" done # Subnet B BASE_IP=192.168.0. for ((i=2; i<=$IPS_NET2+1; i++)) do TEMP="$BASE_IP$i" IP_ADDRESSES="$IP_ADDRESSES $TEMP" done ## FILTERS ## j=1 U32="tc filter add dev $DEV protocol ip parent 1:0 prio $PRIO_DEFAULT u32" for NET in $IP_ADDRESSES; do let CLASSID=($j+100) $U32_DEFAULT match ip src $NET/32 flowid 1:$CLASSID $U32_DEFAULT match ip dst $NET/32 flowid 1:$CLASSID let j=j+1 done Can you guys help me figure out what's wrong with it? basically I want my classes to be 1:1 (1.5 Mbit ) 1:10 (1024 Kbit) 1:20 (1024 Kbit) (200 ips each with 32 kbit)

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  • Port forwarding + shared connection with Ubuntu

    - by Joey Adams
    Because my wireless router's ethernet ports are defective, I set up a shared wireless connection from my laptop (which has wifi) to my eMac (which does not) via a crossover ethernet cable. The laptop is behind a router as 192.168.1.131, and the eMac is behind the laptop as 10.42.43.1 . The laptop is running Ubuntu 9.10 (Karmic). I achieved the shared connection through NetworkManager Applet. I right-clicked on the network icon at the topright, went to Edit Connections, selected the Wired connection named "Auto eth0", clicked "Edit...", went to the "IPv4 Settings" tab, and selected the Method "Shared to other computers". The eMac can now access the Internet. Now I want to enable port forwarding. There's a game I want to play that needs port 6112 forwarded (both TCP and UDP) in order to host games. I set up the router to enable port forwarding for 192.168.1.131 (the laptop), but port forwarding still isn't available on the eMac. I suppose I need to pretend my laptop is a router and configure port forwarding on it, indicating that incoming connections to the laptop (192.168.1.131) should be forwarded to the eMac on the shared connection (10.42.43.1 ). Thus, packets coming into the router on port 6112 would be redirected to the laptop (by the router), then to the eMac (by the laptop). My question is, how would I do that on Ubuntu (in light of NetworkManager's presence)? Also, if I can't get this to work, does anyone mind hosting a comp stomp? :D

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  • Has anyone used the sharedband connection bonding product?

    - by John Rennie
    See http://www.sharedband.com/ for details on the product. Obviously Sharedband aren't too keen on giving away their technical secrets, but I would guess that it bonds the connections at the IP layer i.e. their routers send the IP packets to the SharedBand routers over all available lines and the ShareBand routers handle all the virtual circuitry and provide the NATing to whatever IP address(es) they've assigned you. It looks a clever idea, and a good way to provide some resilience over ADSL links. You can even use ADSL links from different ISPs and SharedBand will still bond them for you. But, I find myself wondering how well it really works, and whether it's worth it. The Draytek routers can already load balance (though not bond) up to four ADSL lines, so the SharedBand product really only offers an advantage if you're hosting servers i.e. you can have one IP address to accept incoming connections through all your (working) ADSL lines. But should you really try and host servers using ADSL lines, especially since ADSL upload performance isn't stellar? Wouldn't it be better to use a hosted server, or maybe pay up for a leased line with a SLA? So I'm asking if anyone is using SharedBand, and if so what do you think of it? JR

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  • How to avoid intrusion detection/anti spoofing issue on a sonicwall TZ series FW

    - by Ian
    We have a sonicwall tz series FW with two internet service providers connected. One of the providers has a wireless service which works a bit like an ethernet switch in that we have an ip with a /24 subnet and the gateway is .1. All other clients on the same subnet (say 195.222.99.0) have the same .1 gateway - this is important, read on. Some of our clients are also on the same subnet. Our config: X0 : Lan X1 : 89.90.91.92 X2 : 195.222.99.252/24 (GW 195.222.99.1) X1 and X2 are not connected, other than both being connected to the public Internet. Client config: X1 : 195.222.99.123/24 (GW 195.222.99.1) What fails, what works: Traffic 195.222.99.123 (client) <- 89.90.91.92 (X1) : Spoof alert Traffic 195.222.99.123 (client) <- 195.222.99.252 (X1) : OK - no spoof alert I have several clients with IPs in the 195.222.99.0 range and all provoke identical alerts. This is the alert I see on the FW: Alert Intrusion Prevention IP spoof dropped 195.222.99.252, 21475, X1 89.90.91.92, 80, X1 MAC address: 00:12:ef:41:75:88 Anti-spoofing is switched off on my FW (network-mac-ip-anti-spoofing - config for each interface) for all ports I can provoke the alerts by telneting to a port on X1 from the clients. You can't argue with the logic - this is suspicious traffic. X1 is receiving traffic with a source IP which corresponds to X2s subnet. Anyone know how can I tell the FW that packets with a src subnet of 195.222.99.0 can legitimately appear on X1? I know whats going wrong, I've seen the same thing before, but with higher end FWs you can avoid this with a few extra rules. I can't see how to do this here. And before you ask why we're using this service provider - they give us 3ms (yep 3ms, thats not an error) delay between routers.

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